2013 Soybean Production Update

Greg Endres, Extension area agronomistNDSU Carrington Research Extension Center

gregory.endres@ndsu.edu 701-652-2951

•South-central ND season review

•Plant establishment•Timing of weed control

May-Sep monthly rainfall, South-central ND, 2013

inch

es

Soybean Establishment Study, CREC, 2011-13

• 2 ti l lage systems– conventional and direct seed (‘no-till’)

• 2 planting dates – multiple trials

• 4 (planting time) ferti l izer treatments– 6-24-6 applied on low-med P (7-9 ppm) and

high-VH K (141-216 ppm) soil – untreated check, broadcast, 2-inch band

• POST fungicide (2 of 4 reps)

Funded by ND Soybean Council

May 30

July 22

conventional direct seed

Soybean Establishment Study, Carrington, 2011-13: SEED YIELD WITH TILLAGE SYSTEMS

40.8

52.5

45.2 45.943.4

51.8

40.8

45.3

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

2011 2012 2013 3-yr ave

conventional

direct seed

*

*

Averaged across planting dates and fertilizer treatments

Soybean Establishment Studies, CREC, 2011-12: SEED YIELD WITH PLANTING DATES

43.5

53.7

37.6

27.9

40.7

50.6

30.3

19.5

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Carrington2011

Carrington2012

New Rockford2012

Wishek 2012

early

normal

*

*

*

Apr 30/May 15 May 2/17 Apr 24/May 16May 5/19

Soybean Establishment Study, CREC, 2013: Planting dates

May 29 June 12

Soybean Establishment Study, CREC, 2013: Planting dates – impact on plant development and agronomic factors

Planting datesDates for plant development

Emergence Flower Maturity (R8)

May 29 163 196 273June 12 171 202 280Difference in days 8 6 7

Planting datesPlants/A Pod height Test weightJune 28 cm lb/bu

May 29 134,740 2 53.7June 12 129,430 4 52.1

Soybean Establishment Study, CREC, 2013: SEED YIELD WITH PLANTING DATES

43.1 42.9

0

10

20

30

40

50

Carrington

29-May

12-Jun

Averaged across tillage systems and fertilizer treatments

Planting date x maturity group, Prosper, 2013

Planting dates: May 13 and 28Maturity groups: 0.1 and 0.7(DSR 0101 and 0747)

Planting date x maturity group, Prosper, 2013Planting date

Stand Yieldplants/A bu/A

May 13 146,560 45.8May 28 165,620 40.4

Planting date

Maturity group

Yieldbu/A

May 13 0.1 46.00.7 45.7

May 28 0.1 38.20.7 42.5

Planting date x maturity group, Wishek, 2013

May 24 June 6 Planting dates:

Planting date (4) x variety (2), CREC, 2013Burton Johnson

Soybean Establishment Study, CREC, 2011-13: SEED YIELD WITH PLANTING-TIME FERTILIZER

43.745.3

42.3

46.043.0

45.8

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

2013 2011-13

check

broadcast

2" band

P = low-med and K = high-VH. 6-24-6 applied as band at planting or broadcast PRE (not mechanically incorporated). Averaged across planting dates and tillage systems.

Soybean establishment study, CREC, 2013: SEED YIELD WITH FUNGICIDE 1

44.541.5

010

2030

4050

bu/A

unt reat ed checkPriaxor

14 fl oz/A at R3-4 stages

NDSU Soybean Foliar Fungicide Trials, 2004-13 (29 tr ials): SEED YIELD1

41.943.7

010

2030

4050

bu/A

unt reat ed checkfungicide

1Headline or Priaxor applied primarily at R1-3 stages (V2-R4). Yield statistically significant (LSD 0.05) in 5 of 29 trials.

Source: Markell et al.

Timing of initial weed control Soybean yieldWeed height Soybean stage bu/A

48.0

2 to 4 inches

VC-V2 (unifoliate to 1st

trifoliate) 46.9

6 to 8 inches

V2-V4 (2nd to 4th trifoliate) 45.2

> 10 inches

V4-R2 (4th trifoliate to

full flower) 37.719.3

NDSU: 4 site-years (2011-12).

Soybean yield loss from weeds

At planting (soil application)

Untreated check

Soybean t iming of init ial weed control, Carrington, 2013

early POST – June 21

July 11 – late POST

Soybean yield with timing of initial weed control, Carrington, 2013.

22.9

32.8

27.429.8

22.7

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Carrington

check

at planting

ePOST

mPOST

lPOST

Bu/

A

LSD (0.05): NS

Soybean timing of initial weed control, NCREC (Minot), 2013

Sep 12

NDSU Research Summary of Soybean Plant Establishment Factors (Oct 2013)

Factor A Yield >(%)

B NDSU tr ial site-years

^Til lage system reduced till 7 conventional till 19*

Previous crop wheat 7 soybean 6Seed inoculat ion with soybean history

yes0

no 6

Seed fungicide yes 10 no 19^Planting date < early May 13 mid May 4Planting rate (pls/A) 150-175,000 5 100-130,000 20Row spacing ( inch)

14-21 5 28-30 19

^P at planting t ime

broadcast 0 band (away from seed)

5*

^Timing of Weed Removal

at planting 5 early POST 5**Data from trials conducted during 1999-2013

Questions?