f 1

. ;

a':'iiffy

'-kuh: ,

*FM 100-2-3

Field ManualNo. 100-2-3

Troops,

HeadquartersDepartment of the Army

Washington, DC, 6 June 1991

The Soviet Army:Organization, and Equipment

Preface

This field manual is part of FM series 100-2, The Soviet Army. The othervolumes in this series are FM 100-2-1, The Soviet Army: Operations and Tactics,and FM 100-2-2, The Soviet Army: Specialized Warfare and Rear Area Support.The three volumes complement each other. Used together, they provide athorough reference on the Soviet Army.

These manuals are the US Army's definitive source of unclassified informa-tion on Soviet ground forces and on their interaction with other services incombined arms warfare. The Threats Directorate, Combined Arms Command,Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, updates these manuals periodically to provide the

most current unclassified information available.

The proponent of this publication is HQ TRADOC. Users are encouraged torecommend changes improving this manual to Commander, US Army Combined

Arms Command, ATTN: ATZL-SWW-L, Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027-6900, usingDA Form 2028 (Recommended Changes to Publications and Blank Forms).

Unless otherwise stated, whenever the masculine gender is used, both menand women are included.

This publication contains photographs from copyrighted sources. Thecitations for these materials accompany the individual photographs.

DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distributionis unlimited.

*This publication supersedes FM 100-2-3, 16 July 1984.

FM 100-2-3

Contents

Preface ................ ............................ i

Chapter 1. Soviet Ground ForcesAdministrative Control ...Troop Categories .........Force Structure ..........

Chapter 2. PersonnelManpower Procurement ..Conditions of Service ....Ranks ...................Reserve System .........

Chapter 3. TrainingPremilitary Programs ..........Military Educational InstitutionsIndividuals and Units ..........

Chapter 4. OrganizationMotorized RifleMotorized RifleMotorized RifleTank Regiment

Regiment Structure (BTR)Regiment Structure (BMP)Division .................Structure ................

Tank Division ........................Combined Arms Army ....................Tank Army ... ...........................Front .... ................................Airborne Regiment Structure (BMD) .........Airborne Division ...........................Naval Infantry Regiment/Brigade Structure ...Naval Infantry Division ....................

Chapter 5. EquipmentSmall Arms ..........................Armored Fighting Vehicles ..............Artillery .............................Antitank Weapons ........................Air Defense .. ..........................Engineer Equipment .......................NBC Equipment ...........................Logistic Equipment .......................Helicopters ... ..........................Fixed-Wing Aircraft ......................Radios ... ..............................

......... 4-3

......... 4-26

......... 4-37

....... 4-107........ 4-112....... 4-116....... 4-118....... 4-130....... 4-144....... 4-149....... 4-155....... 4-157

......... 5-2

......... 5-21

......... 5-60......... 5-94........ 5-114........ 5-139........ 5-186........ 5-206........ 5-211........ 5-225........ 5-234

Glossary ............. ............................... Glossary-1References ............................................... References-1Index

General ............................................... General Index-1Equipment ......................................... Equipment Index-1

1-11-21-4

2-02-32-62-8

3-13-43-6

_ I

................

1111 1111.................

.

CHAPTER 1

Soviet Ground Forces

CONTENTS

ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL ............

TROOP CATEGORIES ..................

Combat Arms Branches ................

Motorized Rifle .....................

Tank .............................

Missile Troops and Artillery ............

Air Defense Troops (Voyska PVO) .......

Airborne ..........................

Special Troops .......................

Engineer ..........................

Signal ............................

Chemical ..........................

Motor Transport ............... ..

Railroad ...........................

Road .............................

Services ............................

Medical ...........................

1-1

1-2

1-2

1-2

1-2

1-2

1-2

1-2

1-2

1-3

1-3

1-3

1-3

1-3

1-3

1-3

1-3

The Soviet armed forces include five separatecomponents: the strategic rocket forces, the groundforces, the air forces, the air defense forces, andthe naval forces. The generic term "Soviet Army"normally includes all but the naval forces. Thismanual concentrates on the largest of these

Veterinary .........................

Military Topographic .................

Finance ...........................

Justice ............................

Military Band .......................

Intendance .........................

Administrative ......................

FORCE STRUCTURE ...................

Major Geographical and Force Groupings ...

TV ........ ..... .............. ...

TVD .............................Military Districts and Groups of Forces ..

Front ............................

Army ............................

Maneuver Divisions .

Reorganization and Modernization .

components, the Soviet ground forces. Highlymodernized organization and equipment combineto make the present Soviet ground forces the mostpowerful land army in the world, with unprece-dented flexibility, mobility, and firepower.

ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLThe Commander in Chief (CINC) of the Ground

Forces is a Deputy Minister of Defense. He isequal in status to the CINCs of the other com-ponents. His duties include supervision of technicalaffairs and research and development, directcontrol of nonoperational training, and supervisionof ground forces administrative organs. He doesnot have direct operational control over the troops.

This lack of operational control is not imme-diately apparent from the composition of theGround Forces Headquarters. Its compositionincludes the Main Staff and several technicaldirectorates. The Main Staff, however, apparentlyfills a traditional role of coordinating, planning,and maintaining liaison with the Ministry of

Defense (MOD) General Staff on ground forcesmatters. It also acts as a consolidation point forthe work of the ground forces directorates. Amongthe principal directorates of the Ground ForcesHeadquarters are the Political Directorate, theCombat Training Directorate, and the MilitaryEducational Institutions Directorate, all of whichhave counterparts at MOD level.

Large technical directorates exist for those troopbranches peculiar to the ground forces. Each troopbranch directorate acts as a branch or serviceheadquarters which prescribes the organization,equipment, tactics, and training for its branch andoperates the career management program for itsleading personnel.

FM 100-2-3

TROOP CATEGORIESFor administrative purposes, the Soviet ground

forces comprise three categories: combat armsbranches (troops), special troops, and services.These are administrative categories pertaining topersonnel, not organization categories pertainingto units. Thus, troops of one combat arms branch,such as artillery, may organizationally be insupport units subordinate to a unit made up oftroops of another combat arms branch (forexample, motorized rifle or tank). These supportunits may also include special troops and services.

COMBAT ARMS BRANCHES

The firing elements of the ground forces com-prise combat arms branches (troops). They differfrom one another in organization, armament,tactics, and role in combat. Directorates of GroundForces Headquarters administer the troop branchespeculiar to the ground forces.

Motorized Rifle

Motorized rifle troops generally parallel theinfantry and mechanized infantry of other armies.These troops constitute the basic arm of theground forces; therefore, various agencies underthe Ground Forces CINC, rather than one specialorganization, administer their affairs. Theseagencies prescribe motorized rifle and combinedarms tactics and organization. They preparetraining schedules for motorized rifle and combinedarms units. They also administer motorized rifleschools and manage motorized rifle officer person-nel. Other arms and services provide them withlogistic support.

Tank

The Chief of Tank Troops in Ground ForcesHeadquarters heads this branch. A Main Direc-torate of Tank Troops supports him. The MainDirectorate is an intricate organization which actsas an administrative headquarters. Tank troopofficers command tank units at all levels. Com-bined arms formations feature a special staffofficer as chief of tank troops. He commands sub-ordinate tank elements and reports to the com-bined arms commander.

Missile Troops and Artillery

This is one of the most prestigious branchesof the ground forces or the MOD. Artillery troopshave long held an honorable position in Russianmilitary annals. In recent decades, technologicaladvances in missile weaponry have enhanced thatposition. Since missile armaments have also

become important to other components, the MODgenerally oversees missile equipment development.However, a Chief of Missile Troops and Artilleryis present in Ground Forces Headquarters. Hissupporting administrative agency is large andcontains a coordinating staff. Also, chiefs ofmissile troops and artillery appear in the specialstaffs of combined arms units down to, andincluding, regiments. At regimental level, thisofficial is simply called the chief of artillery.

Air Defense Troops (Voyska PVO)

This branch recently became a separate com-ponent combining air defense elements formerlyunder the National Air Defense Troops (PVOStrany) and the Air Defense Troops of the GroundForces (PVO Sukhoputnykh Voysk). AlthoughMOD headquarters now administers them, thetroops may serve under combined arms commandin the field during wartime. They coordinateclosely with aviation and radiotechnical elementsin operational matters. Air defense schools pre-viously under the ground forces now belong to theAir Defense Troops.

Airborne

Airborne troops form a reserve force of theSupreme High Command (VGK) or the wartimeStavka VGK, although operational control of themspecifically belongs to the Chief of the GeneralStaff. The VGK may-

* Control their combat employment directly.

* Place them under the command of a theaterheadquarters.

* Place them under operational control of a frontor army to support operational missions.

The troops are not subordinate to a ground forcesfield command until the VGK commits them. Thisdefinite separation suggests that they have thestatus of a sixth distinct component of the armedforces, even though they are nominally subordinateto the CINC, Ground Forces, because of thisspecial status.

SPECIAL TROOPS

The special troops provide combat support tothe combined arms field forces of the groundforces. They also support the other components ofthe armed forces. For this reason, they are admin-istered centrally from directorates in the MOD.Ground Forces Headquarters, however, containsspecialized directorates or departments in each of

FM 100-2-3

the combat support areas to deal with specificground forces problems. These directorates act asa ground forces administrative echelon for thesuperior MOD directorates.

EngineerAs ground elements of the combined arms field

forces, engineer troops serve only as combatengineers. The Chief of Engineer Troops of theMOD manages them. These engineers are not partof the engineer-technical service, which comprisesthe logistic units of the various arms and services.Other Soviet troop branches perform civil engi-neering, sanitation, and mapping functions; theyare comparable to organizations like the US Corpsof Engineers. Engineer troops found in units atdivision level or higher are simply called engineers.Those at a lower level, in closer contact with theenemy, are called sappers.

Signal

Signal troops are organic to all levels usingsignal equipment that requires special training foroperation and maintenance. The Chief of SignalTroops of the MOD administers them because theyperform tasks that are common to more than onecomponent of the armed forces. They include radio-technical troops that serve mainly in the unitswhose missions require radar reconnaissance andelectronic warfare. They also perform missionssuch as electronic deception and radioelectronicreconnaissance, which include electronic intelli-gence (ELINT) or signals intelligence (SIGINT).

ChemicalChemical troops are organic to all tactical regi-

ments and divisions. They are allocated to armiesand fronts. Similar to engineer and signal troops,they are directly subordinate to the MOD. TheChief of Chemical Troops administers them atthat level.

Motor TransportThe Chief of the Central Military Transportation

Directorate (VOSO), under the Chief of the Rearin the MOD, may administer motor transporttroops. The VOSO is primarily responsible formanagement and planning of defense transpor-tation. It controls the training of all transportofficers at and beyond the military college level.The actual operation of the various modes oftransport is the duty of the force components,which in this case are the ground forces. At lowerlevels, the deputy commander for the rear controlsthese troops.

RailroadRailroad troops support the field forces by

operating the railway links between the front andthe central logistical base. They are responsiblefor the construction, operation, and maintenanceof railroads in a theater of operations. SinceMarch 1989, these troops are no longer consideredpart of the armed forces.

RoadRoad troops maintain military roads. They are

often called road building troops or road servicetroops. The troops consist of separate trafficcontrol, road construction, and bridge constructionunits. Operationally controlled by the chief of therear at various levels, their administrative subor-dination has been obscure since World War II.They may be a component of VOSO.

SERVICESThe Soviet concept of services includes all

troops, installations, and duty positions whichperform rear area support for the combat armsbranches and special troops. Such services are notspecific to the ground forces, but support the otherarmed forces components as well; therefore, variousagencies in the MOD administer them. Theseservices differ from the special troops because theyapparently have no intermediate administrativedirectorates at Ground Forces Headquarters.

MedicalThese units and personnel are organic to all

levels of command down through company level.The Central Military Medical Directorate under theChief of the Rear supervises their activities at theMOD level. The divisional and regimental surgeonssupervise personnel at their respective levels.

VeterinaryThe Veterinary Service falls under the control

of the Chief of the Rear. It inspects the meat usedby the armed forces, supervises animal slaughter,and deals with prevention and control of conta-gious diseases among animals used for meat.

Military TopographicThe Central Military Topographic Directorate

of the General Staff of the MOD administers andcontrols the Military Topographic Service. TheGeneral Staff also probably disseminates theproducts of this service.

FinanceThe Finance Service is locally supervised. How-

ever, it has a direct technical channel running

FM 100-2-3

vertically to the Central Finance Directorate,under the Deputy Minister for Rear Services inthe MOD.

JusticeThe military procurator (prosecutor) and the

military tribunal are the central elements of theJustice Service. These elements are attached toeach major headquarters down to division level.This hierarchy is independent of the militarycommand. It is subordinate to the ProcuratorGeneral of the USSR and the Supreme Court ofthe USSR, although its officers are consideredactive duty military personnel.

Military BandThis service provides bands to headquarters

down through division. The Military Band ServiceDirectorate (or Directorate of Military Music) inthe MOD administers it.

IntendanceThis service corresponds to the US Quarter-

master Corps. It uses the same insignia as theAdministrative Service.

AdministrativeThis service may provide clerical and adminis-

trative support at higher headquarters. Accordingto Soviet regulation, the highest rank provided forthis service is colonel. Personnel doing adminis-trative management, accounting, and similarhousekeeping tasks may be members of theadministrative service, the management service, orthe intendance service. Since there are no exclu-sively administrative units, these titles are probablyjust personnel categories with the individuals inthem administered by the Main Personnel Direc-torate of the MOD and supervised locally.

FORCE STRUCTUREThe Soviets have organized and equipped their

ground forces to support their defensive doctrine.Moreover, they are constantly strengthening andmodernizing their organization and equipment toimprove their capabilities to fight either nuclearor nonnuclear war. A nuclear exchange in Europecould easily cause tremendous damage to the SovietUnion. Therefore, the Soviets clearly want to beable to fight and win a war in Europe quickly,before either side employs nuclear weapons.

The Soviets have determined that the only wayto win such a war is by offensive operations. TheSoviet concept of the offensive emphasizes surpriseand high rates of advance combined with over-whelming firepower. The concept of combinedarms is at the heart of Soviet combat doctrine.

MAJOR GEOGRAPHICAL ANDFORCE GROUPINGS

The Soviets organize ground forces by geo-graphical boundaries into theaters of war (TVs),theaters of military operation (TVDs), and militarydistricts and groups of forces. They can organizeforces into large field formations called frontsand armies.

TV

The Soviets envision that hostilities might occurin any of three TVs: the Western, the Southern,and the Far Eastern. A TV is a broad, geo-graphically oriented designation within whichSoviet armed forces would function in wartime. A

continental TV can include land, air space, andassorted internal and coastal waterways. TheWestern TV, for example, includes the Europeanland mass and associated islands, the associatedair space, the Baltic and Mediterranean Seas, andportions of the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans. TheTVs have political and economic significance inshaping Soviet military goals. They contain oneor more TVDs.

TVD

The TVD geographical concept is the focus ofplanning and control for employment of Sovietarmed forces in major theater strategic actions.The Soviet planners divide the world into 14TVDs: 10 continental TVDs and 4 oceanic TVDs.The continental TVDs include not only the landmasses, but also the air space, inland waterways,and a segment of the surrounding oceans andseas. The Western TVD of the Western TV, forexample, includes NATO's Central Region plusDenmark and the Danish Straits.

In wartime, the Soviets would employ inter-mediate High Commands of Forces (HCF) thatwould be responsible to the VGK. In keeping withthe Soviet concept of centralized control and com-bined arms operations, the TVD HCF not onlycontrols the assets available in the ground forces,but also the naval and air assets. Some, if notall, of the non-Soviet Warsaw Pact forces mightalso be subordinate to a TVD HCF. The TVD'smost important function in wartime would be to

FM 100-2-3

orchestrate and control TVD-wide strategicoperations as directed by the HCF in support ofVGK campaign plans.

Forces within a TVD can consist of as few asone front or as many as five or six. Other forcesallocated to a TVD can include fleets, airbornedivisions, tactical aviation, strategic aviation,military transport aviation, air defense forces, andstrategic rocket forces.

Military Districts and Groups of ForcesThere are 14 military districts in the USSR and

4 groups of forces in Eastern Europe. The EasternEuropean groups of forces include-

* The Western Group of Forces (WGF) in Germany.

* The Northern Group of Forces (NGF) in Poland.

* The Central Group of Forces (CGF) inCzechoslovakia.

* The Southern Group of Forces (SGF) in Hungary.

In peacetime, each of these districts and groupsof forces is an administrative headquarters directlysubordinate to the MOD. In wartime, the Sovietswill organize them into fronts for combatoperations. The military districts will continue tofunction as territorial commands, serving asmobilization and training bases and providinglogistical and other support services.

Front

The front is the largest field formation in war-time. It is an operational and administrative unitwhose size and composition are subject to widevariation depending on its mission and situation.Roughly equivalent to a US/NATO army group,a front can include three to five armies. Otherforces organic or attached to a front can includeartillery, missile, air defense, engineer, chemical,signal, reconnaissance, and rear service units.They can also include aviation, airborne, airassault, airmobile, and special purpose forces.

ArmyThe Army is the highest peacetime combined

arms formation. The Soviet ground forces desig-nate two types of armies: the combined arms army(CAA) and the tank army (TA). While both typesare actually combined arms organizations, a SovietCAA will normally have a greater number ofmotorized rifle divisions (MRDs), while a TA willhave a greater number of tank divisions (TDs).By altering the mix of MRDs, TDs, and artilleryand missile support in the army organizations, the

Soviets gain flexibility in either offensive or defen-sive roles. An army can operate in different geo-graphical areas and under various operationalconstraints. Besides its complement of two to fivemaneuver divisions, a typical army of eithertype will normally have artillery, missile, airdefense, aviation, engineer, chemical, signal,reconnaissance, and rear support units.

MANEUVER DIVISIONSSoviet maneuver divisions are well-balanced,

powerful, and mobile fighting units. They have acombined arms structure as well as a comprehensivearray of combat support (CS) and combat servicesupport (CSS) elements. In early 1987, there were211 active Soviet maneuver divisions: 150 MRDs,52 TDs, 7 airborne divisions, and 2 static defensedivisions. The totals did not include 2 new armycorps (NAC) and 5 mobilization divisions.

The basic structures of the three types ofdivisions (motorized rifle, tank, and airborne)appear in Figure 1-1. While this manual presents"type" Soviet divisions, different configurationsand different categories of readiness exist amongactual divisions.

Divisions receive new items of equipmentaccording to the priorities established by the MOD.High-priority formations, such as the Soviet forcesin the Western TVD, are usually the first to receivemodern equipment. When they replace oldermaterial, the Soviets send that older equipment tolower-priority units in the interior of the USSR orto reserve stocks. Late-model T-64/72/80 tanksconstitute about one-third of the USSR's tanks.While older T-55 and T-62 tanks constitute mostof the remainder, over 1,500 T-80s are currentlydeployed opposite NATO and nearly 75 percent ofthe 19,000 Soviet tanks in the Western Theater areT-64/72/80 models.

REORGANIZATION AND MODERNIZATIONSince the mid-1960s, the Soviets have been

building a force capable of fighting decisively atall levels of conflict. Recent improvements in forcecapability include-

* Modernization of nuclear and conventionalweapons.

* Marked increases in the quantity and quality ofconventional fire support (air and artillery)available to ground maneuver formations.

* Changes in organizational structure that generallymake fire support systems (air and artillery) moredirectly responsive to the supported commander.

FM 100-2-3

Basic organizational comparison of the motorized rifle, tank, and airborne divisions

MOTORIZED RIFLE DIVISION

Division HeadquartersMotorized Rifle Regiment (BMP)Motorized Rifle Regiment (BTR)Motorized Rifle Regiment (BTR)Tank RegimentArtillery RegimentSAM RegimentSSM BattalionAntitank BattalionReconnaissance BattalionEngineer BattalionSignal BattalionMateriel Support Battalion

Maintenance BattalionChemical Protection CompanyMedical BattalionArtillery Command BatteryHelicopter SquadronOther Support Elements

TANK DIVISION

Division HeadquartersMotorized Rifle Regiment (BMP)Tank RegimentTank RegimentTank RegimentArtillery RegimentSAM RegimentSSM Battalion

Reconnaissance BattalionEngineer BattalionSignal BattalionMateriel Support Battalion

Maintenance BattalionChemical Protection CompanyMedical BattalionArtillery Command BatteryHelicopter SquadronOther Support Elements

AIRBORNE DIVISION

Division HeadquartersAirborne Regiment (BMD)Airborne Regiment (BMD)Airborne Regiment (BMD)Assault Gun BattalionArtillery RegimentAA Battalion

Reconnaissance CompanyEngineer BattalionSignal BattalionTransportation and Maintenance

Battalion

Chemical Protection CompanyMedical Battalion

Other Support Elements

NOTES. 1. In 1989, the Soviets began replacing one tank regiment with an additional BMP-equipped MRR in both the MRD and TD.

2. Armies in WGF are consolidating division-level SSM battalions into army-levelSSM brigades.

3. Not all MRDs and TDs have a helicopter squadron.

* Refinement and exercise of types of operationsthat take greater advantage of the increasedfirepower, mobility, and weapons sophisticationof the general purpose forces.

In the 1980s, the Soviets began to form newcorps-type structures. These corps are divisionsexpanded to almost twice the size of a TD. Theyare ideally suited to act as an operational maneuvergroup (OMG) for the front, conducting high-speedoperations deep in an enemy's rear area. TheseNAC formations contain around 400 tanks, 750infantry fighting vehicles (IFVs) and armoredpersonnel carriers (APCs), and 300 artillery piecesand multiple rocket launchers (MRLs). Additionalunits of this type may appear once testing andoperational evaluation end.

Soviet maneuver divisions are continuouslyundergoing a reorganization that significantlyupgrades their combat capability. This manual

includes the main features of the most currentorganizational changes. The addition of new sub-units and the upgrade of existing elements haveexpanded both MRDs and TDs. The greatestchanges are in the TDs.

The BTR- and BMP-equipped motorized riflebattalions (MRBs) have expanded the mortarbattery from six to eight tubes. They have addeda machine gun/antitank platoon to each companyin the BTR-equipped MRB. The BMP-equipped MRBhas added machine gun platoons, with no extraantitank weapons. Also, the Soviets have nowconsolidated the automatic grenade launcher andantiaircraft (AA) squads in platoons at the bat-talion level of both BTR- and BMP-equipped MRBs.

In order to support the fast-moving maneuverunits envisioned for future battlefields, the Sovietshave formed materiel support units within combinedarms units from tactical to front levels. Within.

FM 100-2-3

divisions and regiments, respectively, materiel sup-port battalions and companies combine formerlyfragmented motor transport, supply, and servicefunctions. The new rear area units will provide a30-percent increase in motor transport assets anda streamlined command structure. A similar re-organization at army and front levels has createdmateriel support brigades with centralized controlfor ammunition, fuel, and other supplies.

The airborne division is now a fully mechanizedcombined arms organization. Airborne divisionsnow consist of three regiments equipped with theair-droppable BMD, affording these units greaterfirepower and mobility. The Soviets have alsoproduced a new 120-millimeter 2S9 airborne self-propelled (SP) howitzer with a mortar capabilityfor airborne and air assault units.

Concurrent with these organizational changes,the Soviets have pursued a comprehensive equip-ment modernization program that affects manydivisional subunits. The main thrusts of theequipment upgrade are in the following areas:

" Medium tanks.

" Armored IFVs.

" Armored command and reconnaissance vehicles.

" Antitank guided missiles (ATGMs).

" Surface-to-surface missiles (SSMs).

" Surface-to-air missiles (SAMs).

Since the late 1970s, the Soviets have developedthe tank regiment (TR) into a combined armsteam (tank, motorized rifle, and artillery) thatpromises to be as flexible in its employment asthe motorized rifle regiment (MRR). (The MRRalready had a tank battalion (TB) and an artillerybattalion.) The addition of an MRB to the TR of aTD eliminates the necessity for the TD commanderto reinforce each of his TRs with MRR assets.This leaves the TD with four maneuver regiments.The addition of an artillery battalion to the TRplaces a great deal more firepower under directcontrol of the regimental commander. The divisioncommander then has greater flexibility in the useof his artillery resources to influence the battle.

Hence, the capability of the TR and TD to conductlargely self-supported combined arms combat hasincreased greatly.

Large-caliber SP guns and mortars and long-range MRLs have increased the artillery availableto army and front commanders. Additionally, somearmy-level regiments have grown to brigade sizewith the addition of a fourth artillery battalion.These battalions are currently expanding from 18to 24 tubes, primarily in units opposite NATO. Allof the Soviet's SP and towed guns/howitzers(152-millimeter and larger) are nuclear-capable.The Soviets are also adding newer nuclear-capablepieces such as the 203-millimeter SP gun 2S7 andthe 240-millimeter SP mortar 2S4. They aredeploying the BM-22 220-millimeter MRL, whichcan fire deep into the enemy's rear. These improve-ments greatly enhance area coverage and counter-battery support to subordinate divisions. The newT-64/72/80-series tanks feature improved firepower,with a 125-millimeter main gun and an improvedfire control system. Both the T-80 and a variantof the T-64 can fire an ATGM through the maintube. The T-80 can mount reactive armor whichfurther protects against the West's antitankcapabilities. At the same time, the establishmentof army aviation has given ground forces a verticaldimension. The helicopter now provides CAAs andTAs with a highly maneuverable and versatileplatform for reconnaissance, command and control(C2), and fire support. General-purpose and attackhelicopter units can move with armies and divisionsat the high rates of advance they will need toconduct combined arms operations in depth.

While changes in the organization and equip-ment of the ground forces are significant in them-selves and have serious implications for Westerndefense planning, they do not take place inisolation. Instead, these shifts appear to be partof a larger change in the concept for employmentand organization of the armed forces. This changeshould greatly enhance the flexibility with whichSoviet military planners can apply force to achievemilitary objectives. (For more information onSoviet operations and tactics, see FM 100-2-1.)

CHAPTER 2

Personnel

CONTENTS

MANPOWER PROCUREMENT ..................... 2-0 Pay ................ ......................... 2-5

Conscription ................ ................. 2-0 In-Service Benefits .............................. 2-5

Upper Ranks ................................ 2-2 Pensions .............. .............. 2-5

Officers ....................................... 2-2 Political Indoctrination ........................ 2-5

Warrant Officers ............................... 2-2 RANKS ................ ................. 2-6

Noncommissioned Officers ....................... 2-3 RESERVE SYSTEM ............................. 2-8

Women in the Armed Forces ...................... 2-3 Enlisted Obligations .............................. 2-8

CONDITIONS OF SERVICE ....................... 2-3 Officer Obligations ............................. 2-8

Officer Promotions ............................. 2-4 Mobilization ..................................... 2-9

Over 60 million males between the ages of 15and 49 live in the Soviet Union. About 80 percentof these men are fit for military service. Each year,some 2 to 21/2 million young men reach the militaryregistration age of 17. The government will inductat least one-half of them when they become 18years old. These conscripts constitute approximately75 percent of Soviet ground force personnel. Theremainder, who are deferred for various reasons,serve at a later time on active duty unless theyare declared physically unfit for military service.If deferred beyond their twenty-seventh birthday,they remain in the reserves, subject to periodicrefresher training. All qualified male citizensremain in the armed forces reserve until theirfiftieth birthday.

The quality of military manpower, particularlyof the Great Russian element, is generally good.The Great Russians comprise about 53 percent of

the total population. Soviet youths are physicallyhardy as a result of participation in active sportsprograms. They are also better educated, moresophisticated, and substantially better trained thantheir World War II predecessors. Although theconscript receives stern discipline and intensivepolitical indoctrination, works hard, and has fewcomforts or luxuries and little time to himself, hismorale is relatively high. He has a genuine loveof his native land. His hatred is easily arousedagainst an invading enemy, of which there havebeen many in Russia's and the Soviet Union'shistory. Moreover, Soviet soldiers and sailors havethe capacity to withstand deprivations. The Sovietofficer is a well-regarded professional who occupiesa high social and economic position in society. Theofficer corps, with its prestige and privileges,stands apart from the troops. In summary, theSoviet armed forces, loyal to the regime, constitutea serious adversary; they are on a par with theircounterparts in the West.

MANPOWER PROCUREMENTThe 1967 Law on Universal Military Service

provides for the mandatory semiannual conscriptionof 18-year old males. This law also governs thesystem of drafting young men into the armedforces. Those who are not drafted enter immediatelyinto the reserves. On completion of conscript duty,men remain in the reserves until age 50. Womenwho have medical or other specialized training arealso subject to call. Officers enter the armed forcesfrom several sources. Most receive commissionsupon graduation from officer schools. Others par-ticipate in Reserve Officers' Training Corps

(ROTC)-type programs in institutions of highereducation. Enlisted men, noncommissioned officers(NCOs), and warrant officers are eligible to competefor entry into the officer corps by passing anexamination for promotion to officer rank.

CONSCRIPTIONThe Council of Ministers and the MOD deter-

mine the personnel requirements for each semi-annual call-up period. They assign quotas basedon the number of draft-age males residing in eachof the 16 military districts. A system of draft

2-0

FM 100-2-3

boards, called military commissariats, is subor-dinate to the military district. Military commis-sariats in Soviet civil jurisdictions roughlycorrespond to US civil jurisdictions as follows:

* Republic, which is a geographic region similarto the US South, West, or New England; thereis no exact US counterpart.

* Kray and oblast, which are provinces similar toUS states.

* Gorod, which is a city.

* Rayon, which is similar to a US county or cityward.

Military commissariats at the district levelfunction as overall administrators of the system.They provide supervision to all subordinate officers.Those at republic, kray, oblast, and rayon levelsperform administrative functions, though not allrepublics have military commissariats. Each ofthese levels also serves as a collection point forinductees. The center of the registration and draftprocess is the rayon military commissariat. Itregisters draft-age males, issues draft notices, andprocesses conscripts. It also transports conscriptsto the next higher military commissariat for move-ment to their assigned units. The rayon offices alsohave mobilization and reserve management respon-sibilities. There are about 4,700 military commis-sariat offices, of which at least 3,600 are at therayon level.

During February and March of the year inwhich they reach their seventeenth birthday, youngmen report to the military commissariat to register.They receive a physical examination and an inter-view to determine their educational background,family situation, personal interests, attitude towardthe military, and special knowledge or skills (ifany) that would benefit the military. Each youngman receives a booklet as proof of registration.He must report changes in residence, family situa-tion, educational status, or the acquisition ofadditional skills to the military commissariat soofficials can enter the new data in the registrationbooklet.

Each individual receives a final interview anda physical examination shortly before he is sched-uled for conscription. Then the draft commissionrecommends that the young man be drafted, bedeferred for one year because of temporary unfit-ness for active military service due to illness, beexempted from military service altogether if unfit,or be granted a deferment for family reasons orfor continuation of education.

Twice each year-at the end of the springplanting season and at the end of the fall harvest--the military commissariats call males who havereached their eighteenth birthday to active duty.Older men up to age 27 whose periods of defermenthave expired also face call-up. In peacetime, women19 to 40 years of age who have medical or otherspecialized training may face military service. The1967 Law on Universal Military Service reducedthe required length of active service from three totwo years for all except naval personnel.

Within the framework of quotas fixed by theCouncil of Ministers and the MOD, the commis-sariats assign inductees to the various branches,arms, and services of the component forces basedon their abilities, occupational expertise, or special-ties learned in training courses conducted by theVoluntary Society for Cooperation with the Army,Aviation, and Navy (DOSAAF). The DOSAAF issubordinate to the MOD. It conducts premilitarytraining in secondary schools. Its programs ac-quaint students with military life. The programscan include tracked- and wheeled-vehicle drivertraining, parachuting, radio operation and mainte-nance, along with drill and rifle training. Thistraining is one of the prime considerations forfuture soldiers' selection to a particular program,such as a military academy.

Draftees report to their military commissariaton the date set. Inductees go directly to their as-signed units for a period of orientation, drill, andsome refresher training. This lasts approximatelya month, after which the conscripts become youngsoldiers and young sailors by reciting the militaryoath in a public ceremony. (See figure on next

page.)

The Soviets probably only rarely grant per-manent exemption from active or reserve dutyexcept for clearly medical reasons. They usuallygive deferments for stated periods of time and thenreview them at the expiration of the period. The1967 Law on Universal Military Service reducedthe number of educational deferments and extendedhardship or compassionate deferments.

There are three general categories of criteria fordeferment: physical reasons, family circumstances,and continuation of education. The authorities maygrant three-year deferments for physical problemsor one-year deferments for illnesses. After thistime, depending on the deferred citizen's state ofhealth, the government will call him up for activeduty, enroll him in the reserves, or acknowledgehim to be altogether unfit and thus exempt frommilitary service.

FM 100-2-3

The military oath

I, (name), a citizen of the Union of SovietSocialist Republics, by joining the ranks of thearmed forces; take an oath and solemnly swearto be an upright, brave, disciplined, vigilant soldier,to strictly preserve military and government secrets,and to execute without contradiction, all militaryregulations and orders of commanders and supe-riors. I swear to learn conscientiously the tradeof war, to protect with all means the military andpeoples' property, and to be devoted to my people,my Soviet homeland, and the Soviet Governmentto my last breath. I will always be ready to report,by order of the Soviet Government, as a soldierof the armed forces for the defense of my home-land, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Iswear to defend it bravely and wisely with all mystrength and in honor, without sparing my bloodand without regard for my life to achieve a com-plete victory over the enemy. Should I break mysolemn oath, may severe penalties of the SovietLaw, the overall hatred, and the contempt of theworking masses strike me.

An individual who must remain at home tosupport or care for his family may qualify for adeferment due to family circumstances. The 1967law set specific criteria for this category. Themilitary commissariat can defer draftees up to 27years of age.

Military commissariats can also defer full-timestudents at universities, in high schools (for stu-dents up to age 20), and in technical institutions(until graduation). They can also defer studentsstudying in reserve officer training programs attechnical institutions Draftees who receive educa-tional deferments face call-up for active duty beforethey turn 27.

UPPER RANKSOfficers

Officers for the Soviet armed forces enter theservice from several sources. The largest numberare commissioned upon graduation from militarycolleges. There are at least 143 military colleges,with average enrollments of 1,000, serving allbranches of the armed forces. Besides commissions,graduates receive technical degrees from three-yearschools and engineering degrees from schools whoseprograms can last up to five years.

The Soviets also conduct programs similar tothe US ROTC in their universities. These programsgive training in subjects of military value andprovide the Soviets with a large number of reserveofficers. Military training for the duration of thecivilian curriculum leads to a reserve commission,but only infrequently does it lead to active duty.Reserve officer graduates of this program remainliable for active duty call-up until age 30; they mayface up to three years of service.

A third source of officer recruitment is the rankand file of soldiers and sailors. Upon completionof their active duty service, conscripts who havea secondary or higher education can earn a lieu-tenant's commission in the reserves by passing acommissioning examination. Warrant officers, too,can use the commissioning examination as a routeto active duty officer rank; they can also receivea direct commission after ten years of active service.

Approximately 500,000 officers are on active dutyin the Soviet armed forces at any given time. Threeto five thousand of these officers are generals andadmirals. Nearly 90 percent of Soviet officers belongto the Communist Party or to the Komsomal. Sevenpercent of the members of the Communist Partyof the Soviet Union (CPSU) Central Committee aremilitary officers.

Warrant Officers

In January 1972, the Soviets created the warrantofficer ranks of praporshchik (army) and michman(navy). This action was an attempt to give thecareer NCO more incentive, to eliminate the ex-tended service conscript (though this action waslater rescinded), and to improve the quality of smallunit leadership. Conscripts completing their serviceobligations and desiring to remain on active dutymay apply for these positions if they possess therequired education, demonstrated ability, and polit-ical reliability. The initial term of service for awarrant officer is five years.

These warrant officers serve in close contactwith the soldiers and occupy positions as firstsergeants, sergeants major, and technical special-ists. Although the Soviet press publicizes them asthe closest assistants to the officers, the warrantofficer ranks are apparently less popular thananticipated. To date, this new program has receivedtoo few qualified applicants. The Law of MilitaryService permits a warrant officer to take an exam-ination to become a lieutenant after five years;after ten years, he may be certified as an officerif he is serving in an officer's position.

FM 100-2-3

Noncommissioned OfficersThe majority of NCOs in the armed forces are

conscripts. During registration and induction,authorities identify outstanding conscripts as po-tential NCOs. Immediately after entering activeservice, these individuals attend NCO schools forsix months of training before they report to unitsfor their remaining active duty. Other outstandingindividuals missed during this initial screeningreceive on-the-job NCO training in their units.

Noncommissioned officers also fill the extendedservice personnel category. To qualify for this cate-gory, a candidate for reenlistment must have com-pleted high school or the equivalent; he cannotbe over 35 years of age. He may apply (or reapply)for extensions of two, four, or six years. His branchof service then prolongs his tour of duty accordingto the branch personnel requirements. As withwarrant officer selection, acceptance depends onthe candidate's political reliability and militaryrecord. Recruiting takes place three months beforedischarge, with screening conducted by a permanentcommittee. This committee includes the politicalofficer and secretaries of the Communist Party andKomsomol organizations. Final approval rests withthe individual's commander. Former service person-nel can return to active duty under this program.

The Soviets suspended the extended serviceprogram in 1972, after the establishment of thewarrant officer ranks. The intention was for war-rant officers to fill some of the higher NCO posi-tions; conscripts would then fill the remaining NCOranks. Because the plan was not completely success-ful, the Soviets reinstituted the extended servicecategory the following year to provide essentialpersonnel for various high qualification specialties.These specialties require long periods of training;they include aviation mechanics, naval specialties,electronics, and personnel management.

WOMEN IN THE ARMED FORCESThe 1967 Law on Universal Military Service pro-vided for compulsory military service for womenonly in time of war or emergency. The governmentwill draft women with special skills, normally thosein the communications and health fields.

Recognizing that the pool of conscripts is dwin-dling, the Soviet government amended the 1967Universal Military Service Law in 1985. This

amendment permits officer or enlisted women tovoluntarily enter active service at age 19 withduties according to their specialties and generaleducation. It extends the age of eligibility to age40. Those with medical or technical specialties canregister during peacetime and can then conductmilitary training courses.

Most service regulations for women are identicalto those for men. Training is similar in the initialphases, though women stay in special dormitoriesin garrison. When off duty, women may wear civil-ian clothes. The military disciplinary regulationsspecify separate penalties for women commensuratewith those for men.

Women enlistees may extend their service andremain on active duty. At least one woman in themedical service field has completed thirty yearsof military service. Pensions and leave plans aresimilar to those for servicemen, with the exceptionof pregnancy leave, which is authorized before andafter childbirth.

Women rarely achieve officer rank; therefore,few have attended command and general staffcolleges. Most women officers attending midlevelprofessional schools are in the medical services.

The first women warrant officers came from theSoviet Army Parachute Team, but women shouldfind increasing opportunities in the high technologyfields of the Soviet armed forces. Expanding therole of women in the Soviet Military could adverselyaffect the civilian labor force, however, sincewomen now constitute one-half of that force.

Some military wives have formed women coun-cils which provide a reserve force of dependentsavailable to augment Soviet forces in the forwardareas such as WGF. Their training consists ofbasic courses in weapons use, combat skills, andnuclear, biological, and chemical (NBC) protection.There is an ongoing effort to expand this programto other military installations.

Although Soviet society proclaims equality formen and women, the Soviet armed forces stillchannel women into well-defined occupational roles.Generally, women do not participate in operationalmilitary activity during peacetime. Approximately10,000 women currently serve in the Soviet armedforces.

CONDITIONS OF SERVICEService in the Soviet armed forces offers poten-

tial rewards such as promotion, pay, in-servicebenefits, and a pension. Conversely, it requires

vigorous training, strict discipline, thorough politi-cal indoctrination, and adherence to CommunistParty policies.

2-3

FM 100-2-3

OFFICER PROMOTIONSAfter graduation from one of the military col-

leges, an officer normally rotates through a numberof command and staff assignments. Some officersthen attend one of the advanced institutes for

officers or a component or branch academy.Promotions to the next higher grade, up throughcolonel, depend on academic training, service expe-rience, duty assignment, job performance, andpolitical reliability.

Minimum time-in-grade requirements for officer promotion

GRADE TIME

Junior lieutenant to lieutenant and equivalent ranks ......................................... 2 yearsLieutenant to senior lieutenant and equivalent ranks ........................................ 3 yearsSenior lieutenant to captain and equivalent ranks ....................................... 3 yearsCaptain to major and equivalent ranks ............. ................................ 4 yearsMajor to lieutenant colonel and equivalent ranks ........................................... 4 yearsLieutenant colonel to colonel and equivalent ranks .............. ......................... 5 yearsTo ranks above colonel ...................... ........................... No fixed minimum

Promotions up to and including the rank ofcolonel follow procedures determined by the USSRCouncil of Ministers. They probably result fromthe recommendations of an officer's immediatesuperior and branch chief. The Council of Ministersgrants promotions to generals and admirals, whilethe Presidium of the USSR Supreme Soviet mustapprove promotions to the ranks of army general,marshals of arms of the service, fleet admirals,chief marshals of arms of the service, Fleet Ad-mirals of the Soviet Union, Marshals of the SovietUnion, and Generalissimo of the Soviet Union. TheUSSR Minister of Defense can order the awardingof the next higher rank before the end of theprescribed period of service in the previous rank.He may do this when an officer has demonstratedexcellence in combat training, has successfully

fulfilled national goals, or has been assigned to ahigher position.

An officer's immediate superior, in consultationwith his political deputy, prepares the officer'sefficiency report. He evaluates the officer's workand rates his political and job qualities. Officersreceive reports once every two or three years, uponeither transfer or recommendation for promotion.

Officers remain on active duty until reachingthe statutory age for retirement, which varies accord-ing to grade. (See "Statutory age for retirement,"below.) Officers who reach these respective agelimits without being promoted must leave activeduty and transfer to the reserves. If granted anexception, however, an officer may serve anadditional ten years in his grade before beingdischarged.

Statutory age for retirement

RANK AGE

Junior lieutenants, lieutenants and equivalent ranks ................................................ 40Senior lieutenants, captains, and equivalent ranks ................................................... 40Majors and equivalent ranks ................................................................. 45Lieutenant colonels and equivalent ranks ........................................ 45Colonels and equivalent ranks ........................................ 50Generals and admirals up to lieutenant general and equivalent ranks ................................... 55Generals, admirals, and marshals below Marshal of the Soviet Union, and equivalent ranks .............. Exempted

FM 100-2-3

PAY

Basic pay for members of the Soviet armedforces is the sum of pay for rank, position assign-ment, and length of service. Unlike the US whichpays all service personnel of the same rank thesame salary, the Soviets do not pay conscripts asmuch as career personnel serving in the sameposition. Typically, conscripts receive less than theequivalent of $10 per month.

Rank pay is a constant factor. Only officersand warrant officers receive it. Position pay is themajor factor in the system. Its level may varygreatly, reflecting the command responsibility ortechnical requirement. Position pay does not varywith rank; thus, it is not unusual for the incomesof personnel of the same rank to be substantiallydifferent. Although tables of organization specifynominal ranks for certain positions, personnel ofdifferent ranks may frequently fill the positions.There is a growing tendency to place majors incommand of battalions, lieutenant colonels incommand of regiments, and colonels in commandof divisions.

The Soviets do not publish pay scales for mili-tary personnel. The estimated average pay forofficers in 1975 was about 150 rubles a month. (Aruble is officially equal to $1.66.) A lieutenant mayrealize a combined pay of about 150 rubles amonth, a major about 225, and a lieutenant colonelabout 250. Marshals may earn as much as 2,000rubles a month.

IN-SERVICE BENEFITSThe provision of housing, rations, and other

service benefits depends on whether one is a con-script or a career serviceman. Conscripts cannotmarry while serving. If already married, they can-not be accompanied by their families.

Since 1984, wives of noncareer military personnelhave received a payment for the education of chil-dren. Another benefit which they, along withmembers of their families, receive is retention onthe waiting list for living space. Families retainthe living area that they occupy before the service-man went into service for the effective length ofmilitary service. In 1986, privileges for families ofnoncareer military personnel increased to allow amonthly payment of 35 rubles per child.

Officers, warrant officers, and extended servicepersonnel receive free living quarters, assignedaccording to marital status, position, assignment,and size of family. When housing is not available,they get a small allowance instead. Also, the armed

forces pays career personnel a subsistence subsidyat the rate of about 20 rubles per month whenrations are not available, per diem when on tem-porary duty (TDY), and a dislocation allowancebased on the distance traveled when making apermanent change of station. Conscripts receiveonly daily subsistence allowance when on TDY.Families of first-time servicemen receive freepostal privileges for letters sent to soldiers at theirduty station.

Career personnel with less than 25 years ofactive duty may take 30 days of annual leave; thosewith over 25 years' service receive 45 days of leave.Conscripts serving their normal tour of duty maytake no leave except for verified family emergenciesor for outstanding performance in military or politi-cal training. They may have only one such leaveduring their period of service. Pass policy dependson the local commander. He will issue conscriptsstationed within the Soviet Union passes perhapsonce a week. Passes are a luxury for conscriptsassigned outside the country.

The armed forces provide service personnel andtheir families with free medical and health care,including treatments at sanatoria-resorts whenprescribed. The resorts also are available at reducedrates on a nonprescription basis to career personnel.

PENSIONSMilitary personnel receive pensions for long

service or disability. After 25 years of service, allservicemen are eligible for pensions amounting toat least 50 percent of their rate of pay at the timeof discharge. Personnel separated from service withbetween 20 and 25 years of retirement credit qualifyfor benefits at a reduced rate of 30 to 40 percentof their last military pay. Disabled veterans receivepensions of up to 75 percent. When nonregularservicemen die, their families receive a pension andretain for six months all privileges to which theywere entitled. The All-Union Pension Fund, whichis similar to other national retirement programs,handles pensions; pensions are not part of theSoviet defense budget.

POLITICAL INDOCTRINATIONThe Party exerts its control over the armed

forces through the Main Political Directorate (MPA).The MPA has subordinate branches throughout themilitary chain of command. These branches serveas political directorates at force component, militarydistrict, and group of forces levels. Political depart-ments are their equivalents at army and division

FM 100-2-3

levels. Below division, MPA affairs are the respon-sibility of the deputy commander for politicalaffairs, the zampolit. A zampolit is present in eachregiment, battalion, and company. His authorityexists independently of that of the military com-mander. The next higher agency appoints the besttrained and most experienced political workers tothese political organs.

Besides handling MPA affairs, the zampolitorganizes and conducts both nonmilitary and mili-tary political work in his unit. His responsibilitiesinclude-

* Supervising the activities of the CommunistParty and Komsomol organizations.

* Improving combat readiness and political loyaltyof the troops.

* Explaining Soviet domestic and foreign policies.

* Strengthening discipline.

* Instilling patriotism.

* Participating in the development of combattraining programs and in the selection, place-ment, and rating of officers.

At the MOD, military district, army, and fleetlevels, the Party organizations are responsible forimproving the efficiency of the command apparatusby ensuring that the headquarters and othercommand bodies strengthen military discipline.They are also responsible for promoting progressand innovation in training and equipment. Underthe direction of the political officer, all militaryelements and units participate in activities suchas compulsory lectures and meetings, publication

of unit newspapers, and other cultural events withpropaganda potential. Political indoctrination is ascheduled part of the training curriculum.

The Communist Party and Komsomol organiza-tions for military personnel who are members arethe most visible and prevalent instruments ofpolitical control in the military. They involve thelargest number of personnel and exist at almostevery level in the chain of command, even downto platoon and squad. The basic element of Partymembership is the primary Party organization(PPO). The Party may establish a PPO whereverthree Party members are present. A PPO with fewerthan 15 members elects a secretary; one with 15or more elects a bureau and a secretary to directits activities. The Party and Komsomol organiza-tions politicize the military by recruiting as manypersonnel as possible for membership and byinvolving them in political activities. While theParty encourages all military personnel to join,membership for officers is virtually required.

There are presently some 16 million Partymembers and 30 million Komsomol members in theSoviet Union. This represents a little over 20 per-cent of the total population. In contrast, over 80percent of all military personnel and 90 percentof the officer corps are Party or Komsomol mem-bers. The USSR subjects the majority of its citizensto indoctrination for their entire lives; militarypersonnel, because they are a captive audience,receive constant exposure to it. Occasionally irri-tating, mostly taken for granted, but nonethelesseffective, propaganda and indoctrination, both inand out of the military, are established fixturesof the Soviet society.

RANKSThe highest military rank in the Soviet Union

is that of Generalissimo. Only Stalin ever held thatrank. All other military ranks fall into fivecategories:

* Marshals, generals, and admirals.

* Officers.

* Warrant officers.

* Sergeants and petty officers.

* Soldiers and sailors.

(The figure on page 2-7 represents the basic rankstructure of the Soviet armed forces, translated intoUS terms.)

The Minister of Defense, other top personnelof the MOD, and high-level combined arms field

commanders normally hold the rank of Marshalof the Soviet Union. Only combined arms officerscan achieve this rank. The equivalent Navy rankis Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union.

The armed forces further classify officers assenior or junior. The warrant officer group includesthe ranks of praporshchik for nonnaval personneland michman for naval warrant officers. Sergeantsand petty officers comprise the NCO ranks, andthe term soldiers and sailors refers to the tworanks of private and seaman.

The ground/aviation ranks apply to all ground-based servicemen, including nonseagoing naval per-sonnel and all aviation personnel in the air force,naval aviation, and fighter aviation of air defense.The naval ranks are for shipboard personnel.

FM 100-2-3

Soviet military ranks (translated into US terms)

GROUND/AVIATION NAVY

Generalissimo of the Soviet Union

MARSHALS, GENERALS, AND ADMIRALS

Marshal of the Soviet Union/Chief Marshal(of specific arm)

Army General/Marshal (of specific arm)Colonel General (3-star)Lieutenant General (2-star)Major General (1-star)

ColonelLieutenant ColonelMajor

CaptainSenior LieutenantLieutenantJunior Lieutenant

SENIOR OFFICERS

JUNIOR OFFICERS

WARRANT OFFICERS

Admiral of the Fleet of theSoviet Union

Fleet AdmiralAdmiralVice AdmiralRear Admiral

Captain 1st RankCaptain 2nd RankCaptain 3rd Rank

Captain-LieutenantSenior LieutenantLieutenantJunior Lieutenant

PraporshchikSERGEANTS AND PETTY OFFICERS

Master SergeantSenior Sergeant

SergeantJunior Sergeant

Private 1st ClassPrivate

SOLDIERS AND SAILORS

Ships Chief Petty OfficerChief Petty OfficerPetty Officer ist ClassPetty Officer 2nd Class

Seaman 1st ClassSeaman

Officer personnel in the ranks of major generalthrough chief marshal in aviation, artillery,engineer troops, and signal troops and majorgeneral through colonel general in tank troopscarry the designation of the branch as part of theirrank; for example, chief marshal of aviation, mar-shal of armored troops, colonel general of tanktroops (who, upon promotion, would become amarshal of armored troops), lieutenant general ofsignal troops, and major general of engineer troops.The same criteria apply to technical troops(chemical, railroad, road, motor transport, and unitsof military topographic service). There is, however,no chief marshal or marshal rank for these troops;for example, colonel general of technical troops.

Likewise, generals and officers of special services(intendance (quartermaster), administrative, medical,veterinary, and justice) use the special servicedesignation. These special services have no mar-shals or chief marshals. So, one refers to a colonelgeneral of intendance service, a colonel of medicalservice, a major of veterinary service, and a juniorlieutenant of justice. There are, however, no generalofficers in the administrative service and no colonelgeneral of veterinary service.

Special rank designations also apply to engineerofficer ranks of all branches of the armed forces.Officers who complete studies at a higher engineerofficer school or a military engineering academy

Michman

FM 100-2-3

earn the title of engineer, which is combined withthe rank; for example, lieutenant-engineer, colonel-engineer, or colonel general-engineer. In the navy,the equivalent ranks would be lieutenant-engineer,captain 2nd rank-engineer, and admiral-engineer.Officers with a secondary military technical edu-

cation use the title technical service combined withthe rank; for example, junior lieutenant of tech-nical service, captain of technical service, andcolonel of technical service. There are no generalofficers of the technical service.

RESERVE SYSTEMThe Soviet reserve system ensures that all citi-

zens fit for military service have a definite reservecommitment when not on active duty or deferredfor a specific reason. The military commissariats,in conjunction with other administrative organs,manage the system at the lower levels to makeevasion of this responsibility practically impossible.The military service booklets issued to all reservistsare necessary for residence permits when changinglocale and for work permits when changing jobs.

All former service personnel released from activeduty for reasons other than retirement or disabilitytransfer to the reserves. These personnel, togetherwith individuals who for various reasons serve inthe reserves exclusively, form the Soviet reserveforce. There are no reserve units as such. Theclosest equivalents to US reserve units are thetransport, repair, and construction groups thatfunction as normal parts of the economy in peace-time and move as a whole when mobilized. Re-servists called to active duty receive assignmentsbased on their occupational specialties.

In any five-year period, an estimated 3,500,000Soviets complete military training. Under a systemwhere reserve obligations for NCOs run to age 50and for officers as high as age 65, the reservecapability reaches into the tens of millions. Thereserve manpower pool currently comprises morethan 55 million men subject to call-up, of which 9million have been discharged within the past fiveyears. Noncommissioned servicewomen remain inthe reserves to age 40.

ENLISTED OBLIGATIONS

Enlisted and NCO reserve personnel fall intotwo categories according to experience and threegroups according to age. Category I includes thosewith at least one year of active duty, twelve monthsof accumulated reserve refresher training, or combatexperience of any duration. Category II consistsof all personnel with less than one year of activemilitary duty, men subject to military service whofor various reasons have not been drafted intoactive military service, and all women reservists.Each category divides into three groups on the

basis of age: 18 to 35 years of age, 36 to 45 yearsof age, and 46 to 50 years of age.

Air reservists in Category I, Group I, mustparticipate in up to five 40-day refresher flyingtraining sessions, as well as in the required re-fresher training. All reservists may have to attendexamination periods lasting up to ten days. Thisis in addition to the required refresher training.

In the past, few reservists have been called fortraining at the maximum level provided for by law.However, because of the shortened active dutytours enacted in 1967, the Soviets have accelerated

their reserve training programs. (See "Trainingperiods," below.)

OFFICER OBLIGATIONS

The officer reserve comprises the graduates ofuniversity reserve officer training programs; thebody of soldiers, sailors, sergeants, and pettyofficers who have qualified for, and passed, com-missioning examinations upon completion of activeduty; and a small number of officers who have

Training periods

CATEGORY I

Group I

Group II

Group III

Up to four periods of up to threemonths each

Up to two periods of up to twomonths each

One period of one month

CATEGORY II

Group I

Group II

Group III

Up to six periods of up to threemonths each

Up to two periods of up to twomonths each

One period of one month

2-8

FM 100-2-3

left active service before the expiration of their fullobligation. Rank and age are the determinants ofan officer's reserve class. (See the figure below formaximum ages.) Women officers accepted for mili-tary service with an acquired specialty enter inReserve Group III, regardless of the military ranksthey hold. The age limit for their reserve statusis 50.

Reserve officers train more frequently than con-scripts. Those in Group I may be called up everyyear for a period of up to three months; those inGroup II, up to two sessions lasting up to threemonths each; and those in Group III, up to onetwo-month session. The Minister of Defense hasthe authority to detain reserve officers at trainingsessions for up to two months longer than theperiods established by law. He can increase thenumber of training sessions without exceeding thetotal amount of time required for all three classes.The maximum time spent at the various reservesessions cannot exceed thirty months. Besidesactive duty refresher training, reserve officers mustattend 30 to 60 hours of refresher training inevenings and on weekends at military facilitiesnear their place of work. Officers in Group I receivethis training between annual active duty refreshertours. All others must attend sessions every threeyears.

MOBILIZATION

In the Soviet Union, the Presidium of the USSRSupreme Soviet orders mobilization. The MOD

orders all call-ups for mobilization based on resolu-tions of the USSR Council of Ministers. At thetime of mobilization, all personnel of the armedforces stay active until further notice. Reservistssubject to military service receive notification ofthe places and times to report in their mobilizationinstructions, in call-up notices, or in orders of therayon military commissariats. Mobilization may bepartial or universal, open or secret; it may involveall the armed forces or only part of them. Inpeacetime, only a few members of the reserves maymobilize for training purposes; but in wartime,mobilization affects the whole economy. Only about2.1 million reservists, or about 5 percent of thetotal reserve manpower pool, are needed to bringthe Soviet armed forces to full wartime strength.Thus, a substantial base would remain availableto create new units and provide replacements. Mili-tary law in the Soviet Union also subjects womento conscription during wartime, thereby ensuringa large reservoir for expanding the force andreleasing men for active duty.

The General Staff of the army and navy, throughits Organization and Mobilization Directorate,controls military mobilization. The Directorate plansand directs the mobilization of the armed forcesand supervises the mobilization planning activitiesof the military districts and subordinate militarycommissariats. It also may be responsible formobilization supply stockpiles in the armed forces.

RANKS

Junior lieutenants, lieutenants, and equivalent ranks ...........

Senior lieutenants, captains, and equivalent ranks .............

Majors and equivalent ranks ............................

Lieutenant colonels and equivalent ranks ...................

Colonels and equivalent ranks ...........................

Generals and admirals up to lieutenant general, vice-admiral, andcorresponding ranks ................................

Colonel generals, admirals, and corresponding ranks, generals ofthe army, marshals of arms of service, and fleet admirals ......

*Soviet law does not prescribe an age limit for these groups.

Officer reserve classes: maximum ages

RESERVE RESERVEGROUP I GROUP II

RESERVEGROUP III

50

55

55

60

60

FM 100-2-3

The personnel mobilization plan contains twophases. The first involves the call-up of fully trainedreservists (Category I) to bring active units up toauthorized strength and to man additional linedivisions as well as new nondivisional service andsupport units. The second phase deals generallywith the induction, assembly, and training of par-tially trained reservists (Category II) for furtherexpansion of the forces, replacement, and relatedactivities.

The Soviets use a number of methods to mobilizeand expand units. First, a peacetime unit mayexpand and convert to the next higher level. Soan MRB may become a regiment. Second, a peace-time unit may retain its organization, release part

of its personnel as cadre for new units, and expandto wartime strength. Finally, new units may formdirectly from the reserves.

The Soviet mobilization system also providesfor the mobilization directly from the civilianeconomy of cargo trucks and other specializedequipment interchangeable for military and civilianuse. In August 1968, for example, the Soviet Unionfreely announced in the press that it would callup reservists and mobilize equipment from thecivilian economy for participation in a large-scalerear services exercise called NEMAN. As it turnedout, the exercise, though carried out as announced,was a method of mobilizing reservists and civilianequipment to support the Soviet troops that movedinto Czechoslovakia in late August of that year.

2-10

CHAPTER 3

Training

CONTENTS

PREMILITARY PROGRAMS .............. 3-1 INDIVIDUALS AND UNITS ............. 3-6

MILITARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS .. 3-4 Initial Processing and Instruction ........ 3-6

Officer ............................. 3-4 Training Characteristics ................. 3-6

W arrant Officer ...................... 3-5 The Yearly Cycle ..................... 3-7

Noncommissioned Officer .............. 3-6

Military training in the Soviet Union includescivilian premilitary training, in-service training,and reserve training. The 1967 Law on UniversalMilitary Service established a compulsory systemof premilitary training for all young men andwomen aged 16 through 18. The governmentconducts this training in the final two grades ofthe ten-year public high schools; in specializedsecondary schools; in professional trade schools;and, for those who have left school, in the factories,offices, or farms where they work. These youngpeople gain a fundamental knowledge of the mili-tary and basic military-technical skills which maketheir transition from civilian to military life easier.The training helps them master modern militaryequipment more quickly after they are drafted.

In-service training of a conscript begins whenhe arrives at a tactical unit. It normally continuesthroughout his tour of service. Designed to bring all

military personnel to a peak of combat effective-ness, the training programs are usually identicalfrom year to year. Their major elements are tactics,firing, physical education, and political indoctrina-tion. Field training is frequent and rigorous.

A system of military high schools and colleges,command and staff schools, and a general staffacademy provides career military personnel withprofessional and formal academic training.Qualified conscripts receive a less formalizededucation for NCO positions.

Reservists prepare for military service whileattending civilian schools and universities or whileworking in the national economy. Refresher trainingthrough drills, classes, and active duty call-upscontinues until individuals pass out of the reserveat age 50. (Chapter 2 of this manual discussesmaximum ages for the officer reserve classes.)

PREMILITARY PROGRAMSThe MOD, together with the DOSAAF, manages,

implements, and conducts premilitary training.Formed in mid-1968, the MOD's Directorate forPremilitary Training has assumed responsibility forplanning and organizing the Ministry's input intothe premilitary and specialist training programs.It is the logical organ to transmit the future needsof the armed forces to the premilitary and specialisttraining system in the form of quotas. Its tasksembrace the implementation of the MOD mandateto supervise and support the DOSAAF premilitarytraining mission.

Under the technical guidance of the Directoratefor Premilitary Training, the military districts andthe military commissariats within the districtsassume responsibility for basic military trainingin the schools and enterprises. They base the types

and number of programs on the quotas of theOrganization and Mobilization Directorate, forwhich they keep records. The military districts andcommissariats plan the overall program. Theyselect the training cadres; they organize individualtraining groups according to the nature of the localpopulation; and they establish evening trainingsessions, military libraries, weapons rooms, andmilitary-technical training courses for local trainingcenters. The directors of the schools and enter-prises control the physical operation of the centers,while DOSAAF conducts the actual training.

The Directorate for Premilitary Training issubordinate to the Central Committee of DOSAAF.It has overall responsibility for premilitarytraining. Also, the DOSAAF Central Committeecontains, among others, separate directorates for

FM 100-2-3

military-technical training and sports, navaltraining and sports, and aviation training andsports. The DOSAAF operates its program througha hierarchy of committees at all levels from therepublics down to the rural counties and urbanwards (rayon), which supervise most of the day-to-day work.

Likewise, both the Ministry of Education andthe State Committee for Vocational and TechnicalEducation of the USSR Council of Ministers havedepartments for premilitary training. They coop-erate with the MOD and DOSAAF in implementingthe premilitary training courses in their respectivecivilian educational institutions. They develop thecourses that make up the premilitary as well ascivil defense training programs. They provideDOSAAF with logistical support such as trainingsites, equipment, visual and other aids, andresource funds. They also participate in thetraining of instructors. Apparently, all Sovietministries must provide support for premilitarytraining programs conducted for their 16- to 18-year-old employees by territorial DOSAAF com-mittees and training centers at factories, farms,institutes, and other locations.

The premilitary training program presented tohigh school students and working youth at trainingpoints and centers provides them with the equiva-lent of the basic training formerly given to recruitsafter they were drafted. Phased into operation in1968, its results have been uneven. The Sovietshave continuously expressed concern over thequality of this program. They complain about thelarge differences in skills and knowledge acquiredby youths throughout the country. The differencesmake it necessary for many new draftees to beretrained after they enter active military service.This significantly reduces the training time forconcepts and usage of complex, modern equipment.

The standard program of premilitary basictraining provides 140 hours of familiarization withmilitary organization and regulations, small armsuse, and civil defense techniques. School studentstypically spend two hours weekly during two 35-week school years studying these topics. Workers,on the other hand, attend three week-long, full-time sessions at training centers. These sessionsare spaced over a year; this minimizes the timeworkers spend away from their jobs. Both youngmen and women participate in the standardprogram. The curriculum for females, however,requires more hours spent in civil defense and firstaid training and, in compensation, fewer hours inpractical military training.

In their basic premilitary studies, trainees attendfield exercises varying in duration from five tofifteen days. These camps provide facilities forpractical training in weapons familiarization andother areas. They operate with the maximumpossible cooperation of local military forces.

There has been a trend to offer courses to localpreinduction trainees using the facilities of themore than 130 Soviet military colleges scatteredthroughout the country. Professional militarycollege instructors present the standard 140-hourprogram, encouraging those selected for the trainingto enroll in commissioning schools.

Besides requiring basic premilitary training, the1967 Law on Universal Military Service alsodirected that educational institutions of the tech-nical-vocational system and DOSAAF organizationsannually train specialists for the armed forces. TheUSSR Council of Ministers, in conjunction withthe MOD, determines the number and types ofspecialists to be trained. Youths in their secondyear of premilitary training (generally 17 yearsold) are eligible.

The 1972 DOSAAF regulations state thatDOSAAF will provide leadership for the develop-ment of military-technical skills. Among theseskills are the following: aircraft and glider use andmaintenance, parachuting, automobile and motor-cycle use and maintenance, radio communications,underwater diving, motorboating, marksmanship,and modeling. Thus, DOSAAF has the basicresponsibility for creating, guiding, and assistingin the operation of the extensive network of clubs,schools, and other training organizations. Theseorganizations prepare specialists in military knowl-edge and skills for service in the armed forces.At the same time, they train individuals in thetechnical professions for eventual employment inthe national economy.

Entry into DOSAAF specialist training pro-grams, conducted at specialized DOSAAF schools,is either voluntary or as directed by local com-missariats. Military commissariats receive theirannual quotas for the training of various groupsof specialists according to the MOD's projectedpersonnel requirements. They then screen theindividuals who have registered for the draft forspecial aptitudes and assign those selected forspecialist training to the DOSAAF programs.

The recently revised curriculum for trainingyouths to drive freight trucks with a cargo capacityexceeding 3.5 tons is one example of a specialist

3-2

FM 100-2-3

program. The DOSAAF conducts this program,which reduces the total number of hours from theprevious program, over a ten-month period. (Seefigure below.) Instructors give a program in threenonconsecutive sessions to youths engaged inproductive work. There are two nonconsecutivesessions for youths still in school. The courseattempts to give the students as much experienceas possible in driving, maintaining, and repairingtrucks. Although the program does not devote any

special time to general military training, theinstructors still have the responsibility to teachstudents primary military skills.

For each training session, there are eight groupsof 30 to 34 students. Each automotive school has15 to 17 training trucks. In many instances, theprogram changes to compensate for the school'slack of equipment or space (or both). This createswide variation in the quality of training.

DOSAAF specialist training curriculum, freight truck driver

SUBJECT

Political TrainingEquipment and Use of Vehicle

Theoretical ClassesPractical Shopwork-EquipmentPractical Shopwork-Maintenance

Traffic RulesTraffic SafetyDrivingExaminations

TOTALS

TOTAL HOURS

An extensive program of physical toughening Technical Complex Ready for Labor and Defenseand training in endurance, dexterity, and courage of the USSR (GTO).for draft- and predraft-age youths accompanies thepremilitary and specialist training conducted in Within the framework of the GTO complex,schools and training centers. The physical edu- there are five stages of national physical trainingcation classes are held in schools, enterprises, and standards. The entire complex encompasses notDOSAAF clubs. They conform to a general system only draft-age youth, but also the rest of theof physical training known as the All-Union Sports- population.

National physical training

AGE GROUPSTAGE PROGRAM NAME (MALE AND FEMALE)

1st Courage and Skill 10-13 ("Pioneers")2d Young Sportsmen 14-153d Strength and Courage 16-184th Physical Perfection 19-34 (females)

19-39 (males)5th Cheerfulness and Health 34 plus (females)

39 plus (males)

3-3

TheoryHOURS IN

Lab Practice

FM 100-2-3

The appropriate Committees for Physical Cul-ture and Sports, under the Council of Ministers,provide overall guidance of the third-level GTOprogram for draft-age youth. The third levelconsists of ten types of exercises. Participantsreceive points for meeting minimum standards and

badges and certificates for passing. The DOSAAF

clubs and training centers administer the exam-ination, while DOSAAF committees superviseparticular aspects, such as grenade throwing,small arms marksmanship, and 500- and 1,000-meter cross-country running.

MILITARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

OFFICER

The Soviet Union possesses the world's mostextensive network of military schools and reserveofficer commissioning programs. The total annualoutput of all its officer candidate establishmentsis approximately 60,000 students. Over the fortyyears between the end of World War II and thepresent, the schools have trained nearly one andone-half million officers, 500,000 of whom form theregular officer corps of the Soviet armed forces.

The first stage of the formal system of Sovietmilitary schools is the military high school; thisincludes the Suvorov schools for the army compo-nents and Nakhimov schools for the navy. Theseinstitutions conduct two-year programs for boys15 years of age and older who have completedeight grades of public education. There arepresently nine Suvorov schools and one Nakhimovschool, with average student bodies of 900 youngmen. Cadets wear uniforms, live at the schools,and receive a well-rounded civil and militaryeducation, as well as liberal doses of Marxist-Leninist theory. Graduates of these schools mayenter Soviet military colleges without takingcompetitive examinations.

The military colleges are the backbone of theSoviet commissioning program. On a par withcivilian technical colleges, they offer degrees in a

wide variety of specialties. (See figure on nextpage.) There are at least 6 military colleges orschools (three-year, mostly technical schools) and136 higher military colleges or schools (four- tofive-year schools). Graduates of both types ofcolleges are commissioned lieutenants.

For one and one-half months each year, studentsat these institutions train in an appropriate troopunit in the field. Generally, the higher militaryschools devote 60 percent of their curriculum tospecialized military subjects such as regulations,branch tactics, weapons and equipment, andphysical training; 30 percent to academic subjects,including mathematics, physics, methods andprinciples of teaching, psychology, various technicalstudies (depending on the school's specialty), and

a foreign language; and at least 10 percent to

political studies.

Graduates of Suvorov and Nakhimov schools,reserve and regular enlisted personnel, andindividuals undergoing preinduction militarytraining may apply for the officer commissioningschools. Civilians and reservists apply throughtheir local commissariats. Active duty personnelapply through their immediate commanders.

Besides the commissioning schools, the force com-ponents and arms and services operate advancedcourses designed to improve the professionalqualifications of officers; to familiarize them withthe latest developments in tactics and equipment;and to prepare them for command and staffpositions at battalion, regimental, and equivalentlevels. These courses generally use the facilitiesof the higher military schools or academies.Officers selected for attendance normally arecaptains, majors, or lieutenant colonels who arenot scheduled to attend a service or a branchacademy. The advanced courses run from four toten months, with approximately 10 percent of thetime allotted to tactical and staff work on thecompany level, 70 percent on the battalion level,and 20 percent on the regimental level.

Soviet military academies are roughly equivalentto a combined US staff and war college. They arethe highest formal institutions of Soviet militaryeducation. Their commanders are senior generalofficers. The USSR maintains 17 of theseacademies, which exist on all-service levels andin each armed forces component in a mannersimilar to specialized military colleges. They trainselected officers for command and staff positionsfrom regimental to army or equivalent levels.Besides providing three- to five-year residentinstruction, the academies conduct and supervisenonresident extension and correspondence courses.They also are responsible for research and develop-ment in tactical doctrine and equipment engineeringin their particular fields. They disseminate tacticaland technical information through service journalsand periodicals.

FM 100-2-3

Schools per specialty

SPECIALTY

Combined Arms .........Air Defense of the CountryAir Defense of Troops ....Air Force .............Navy ................

Strategic Rocket Forces ...Political .............Airborne .............

Artillery ..............Automotive ............

Chemical ..............Construction ...........Engineering ............Railroad/Military TransportRear Services/Finance ....Signal/Communication ....Tank ..............

Technical .............Topographic ............MVD .................KGB .................Miscellaneous ..........

NUMBEROF SCHOOLS

9145

2310591

10434314

11811538

The senior academy of the Soviet army andnavy, which represents the ultimate in militaryeducation in the Soviet Union, is the VoroshilovMilitary Academy of the General Staff of the USSRArmed Forces. It trains carefully selected officers,usually colonels and major generals (captains firstrank and rear admirals for the Navy), for thehighest command and staff assignments. Thecourse length is two years.

Military educational institutions offer extensionand correspondence courses in over 100 specialtiesto interested personnel throughout the armedforces who pass a qualification examination ormeet prerequisites. Students supplement thesecourses through resident retraining of up to onemonth per year at the parent school. Consultationteams of instructors visit all major garrisons togive advice and assistance. Personnel enrolled inextension and correspondence courses receive threeevenings each week free of unit duties, three duty

days off each month for study, and time awayfrom some unit training activity. They may alsoreceive up to four months' free time to research adiploma thesis. Upon successful completion of allrequirements, the enrollee graduates with adiploma of the same status as that granted toresident students.

WARRANT OFFICERCoincidental with the introduction of the

warrant officer grades in 1972, the militarydistricts and groups of forces organized six- tonine-month courses to train extended servicepersonnel to become warrant officers. Subjectscovered in these schools include political education,tactics, training regulations, and physical training.At the same time, the armed forces made pro-visions for warrant officers and warrant officercandidates to attend departmental courses atofficers' schools. The 1985 guidelines on the service

FM 100-2-3

of warrant officers emphasized the importance oftheir political and professional training. Theguidelines also stressed mastering the techniquesof small unit military instruction.

NONCOMMISSIONED OFFICER

The Soviets select their NCOs from conscriptclasses based on the initial screening at militarycommissariats or based on the commander'srecommendations. The components and arms and

services operate specialized technical schoolsinstructing NCOs in various military-technicalskills. The courses range from a few weeks to ayear in duration. On-the-job NCO training isalmost continuous in regimental-sized units, whichprovide refresher courses and equipment familiari-zation exercises. Due to the cyclical nature of theSoviet conscription process, most NCO traininglasts for six months to allow for overlappingresources required by the semiannual draft.

INDIVIDUALS AND UNITS

INITIAL PROCESSING AND INSTRUCTION

Twice each year, the local military commissariatcalls up its quota of recruits based on the requi-sitions received from the military district. On aspecified day, each commissariat sends its inducteesto the next higher military commissariat office,which then transports the recruits to specific unitsdesignated by military district headquarters.

When the recruits arrive at a camp, theyundergo medical examinations, receive theirclothing issue, and begin intensive initial militarytraining that lasts an average of four weeks. Thisperiod of training is known as the course of theyoung soldier. At its close, each recruit takes thesoldier's oath of allegiance. By this time, recruitspresumably have a basic knowledge of militarylife, and they know how to fire a rifle. Thecombination of preinduction training and the initialmilitary instruction may be very loosely comparedto basic training in the US Armed Forces.

TRAINING CHARACTERISTICS

Soviet training is repetitive. All soldiers, sailors,and airmen undergo individual training each yearof their military service, regardless of rank. Theaim of such repetitive training is the developmentof instinctive reflexes to cope with any situation.

Soviet training concentrates on field exercisesunder realistic conditions. While training in NBCwarfare, the troops sometimes use live chemicalagents under credible conditions. They must wearprotective masks and clothing for several hoursat a time and practice decontamination techniquesin actual contamination situations.

The Soviet ground forces conduct small unit

training in habitual combat situations focusingupon squad, platoon, and company levels, butsometimes involving an entire battalion. Battledrills are not stereotypes; they produce a knownasset that the commander can apply in an antici-pated combat situation. Large unit training in

regiments and divisions will involve live fieldfiring and night training. Artillery and close air

and/or attack helicopters will support tactical live-fire exercises. These exercises include evaluationsby the next higher headquarters based uponestablished training objectives.

The Soviets place great importance on physicalconditioning. Exercise, calisthenics, diet, andorganized sports are all factors in their integratedtraining concept.

They also believe that proper mental condi-tioning is necessary for effective combat action.To achieve such condi.tioning, Soviet commandersemphasize realism during long combat training,especially during field exercises. They apparentlytry to teach techniques which soldiers can use tocope with battlefield conditions. To achieve theproper attitude among all military personnel, theservices conduct political training and discussionson a rigorous schedule of at least five hours perweek. Political officers are organic to all unitsdown to company and equivalent levels. Theseofficers are devoted Communists, the products ofspecial training schools. Their tasks are to createthe desired attitudes in the minds of all personneland to work closely with the commanders inmotivating soldiers.

Above all, Soviet military training fosters pro-fessionalism. Self-improvement is a constantrequirement for career personnel who desire toremain on active duty. An extensive array ofpublications dealing with practical matters of everypart of the defense establishment is available atlittle or no cost. Besides taking extension andcorrespondence courses, servicemen can participatein organized evening study, in the eveninguniversity. Due to an annual output of officerswhich is greater than the active requirement, allpersonnel must strive to improve their professionalknowledge to preserve their tenure.

3-6

FM 100-2-3

Soviet training also has negative aspects. Theseinclude the uneven quality of academic trainingcaused by incompetent teachers (the inevitableresult of a military educational program the sizeof the Soviet one) and the stifling of young leaders'initiative by overbearing superiors. Since over 100languages are spoken among the many variousethnic groups in the Soviet Union, the Soviet Armyhas some difficulty in training the large numbersof non-Russian-speaking conscripts. This problemwill grow in the future as the Soviet Army mustrely more on nonethnic Russian manpower. Anadditional training problem results from thegovernment's power to divert the conscripts tocomplete economic tasks such as constructionprojects and harvesting crops. This lost trainingtime can hinder the efforts of the cadre to achievethe required training objectives; but it is not yeta significant weakness in providing a well-trainedsoldier for the Soviet Army.

Other negative features include performanceparameters which encourage faculties to inflategrades and pad exercise results to make the

organization look good. In other words, Soviettraining shortcomings are the same as those foundin any army throughout the world. There is nodoubt, however, that the Soviet armed forces areamong the world's most professional and best-trained military organizations.

THE YEARLY CYCLE

The yearly training program includes a winterand a summer period. Each period, in turn, dividesinto several stages. Every stage stresses a specifictheme or objective. The cycle stays basicallyunchanged for several consecutive years. To ensurethat they cover all material in sufficient detail,instructors may conduct different levels of trainingsimultaneously. Young soldiers in their first yearof service may receive more elementary instruction,while senior servicemen get advanced training intheir occupational skills. Instructors also conductunit training on various levels at the same time.Both winter and summer periods contain all levelsof training activity as well as division maneuvers,where possible.

Yearly training cycle

September-October

November

December

January-April

May

June

July-August

September-October

November

December

Summer training period in progress. Newly commissioned junior officers arrive from military

schools and civilian universities.

Summer training period ends. Newly trained NCOs arrive from the training division. New con-

scripts arrive and receive four weeks of basic training. Soldiers who complete their two-year

active duty obligation are released and transferred to the reserves. Preparations begin for the

coming winter training period. Training year ends.

New training year begins. Winter training period begins.

Winter training period continues.

Winter training period ends. Newly trained NCOs arrive from the training division. New con-

scripts arrive and receive four weeks of basic training. Soldiers who complete their two-year

active duty obligation are released and transferred to the reserves. Preparations begin for the

coming summer training period.

Summer training period begins.

Summer training period continues.

Summer training period continues. Newly commissioned junior officers arrive in the divisions

from military schools and civilian universities.

Summer training period ends. Newly trained NCOs arrive from the training division. New con-

scripts arrive and receive four weeks of basic training. Soldiers who complete their two-year

active duty obligation are released and transferred to the reserves. Preparations begin for the

coming winter training period. Training year ends.

New training year begins. Winter training period begins.

FM 100-2-3

The number of hours of daily training is thesame in winter and summer. Intense instructionthroughout the year leaves the soldier little freetime. The Soviets devote at least six hours of eachtraining day exclusively to scheduled instruction.Most of the remaining time goes to political indoc-trination, maintenance of clothing and equipment,and personal needs. The training schedule forSaturdays is two to four hours shorter to allowtime for cleaning and inspection of unit equipment.Finally, required participation in organized sportsand cultural activities on weekends keeps free timeto a minimum. (See figure below.)

Following the annual celebration of theBolshevik Revolution on 7 November, the Sovietsmake preparations for the new training year.During this time, incoming recruits begin theirinitial training; instructors and students holdcritiques of the previous year's program; andsoldiers inspect and overhaul training facilities,equipment, and vehicles. The appropriatedirectorates formulate all necessary training plansfor the winter period while command personnel

receive special instructions and prepare for thecoming term.

The winter period lasts five to six months,depending upon the type of unit, its location, andthe length of the winter season. It usually endsby the beginning of May. Units in warm climatesmay start moving to summer camps earlier thanunits in the central USSR. Winter training takesplace mainly in garrison, with local trainingareas providing firing ranges, classrooms, work-shops, and other facilities. Most garrisons are onthe outskirts of towns, using the adjoining country-side for command post exercises, field training,and marches.

Summer training usually begins on the dayafter May Day, a Soviet national holiday. It issimilar to the winter training in content. Themajor difference is that soldiers spend a greateramount of time out of garrison during the summerperiod. The summer training activity usuallyculminates in autumn divisional maneuvers, whichmay be part of a combined Warsaw Pact exercise.

Typical Soviet armed forces training schedule

ACTIVITY HOUR

1) Reveille .............................................2) Physical Training ......................................3) Personal Hygiene .........................................4) Roll Call and Inspection ...................................

5) Breakfast ...............................................6) Training ...... ............ .......... ........7) Lunch .........................................8) Afternoon Rest ................ ...........................9) Care of Personal Equipment .................. ...............

10) a) Political Education (Monday and Thursday) .b) Equipment Maintenance (Tuesday and Friday) .................

c) Organized Sports (Wednesday and Saturday) ..................

11) Self-Study .............. . ........... ...........

12) Supper ................. . ...............................

13) Free Time (Supervised) ................ .....................

14) Roll Call .......................................15) Taps ................ .................. ..........

TIME ELAPSED

0600-06050610-06400640-0700

0700-07150715-07450800-1400

1400-1440

1440-1510

1510-1530

1530-1830

1830-19401940-20102010-2140

2140-2155

minutesminutesminutesminutesminuteshoursminutesminutesminutes

hoursminutesminutesminutesminutes

?

3-8

CHAPTER 4

Organization

CONTENTS

GROUND FORCES FRONT ............................. 4-130

MOTORIZED RIFLE REGIMENT AIRBORNE FORCESSTRUCTURE (BTR) ................... 4-3 AIRBORNE REGIMENT

MOTORIZED RIFLE REGIMENT STRUCTURE (BMD) ................ 4-144STRUCTURE (BMP) ................. 4-26 AIRBORNE DIVISION ................ 4-149

MOTORIZED RIFLE DIVISION ........... 4-37 AMPHIBIOUS FORCESTANK REGIMENT STRUCTURE ........ 4-107 NAVAL INFANTRY REGIMENT/TANK DIVISION ..................... 4-112 BRIGADE STRUCTURE ............ 4-155

COMBINED ARMS ARMY .............. 4-116 NAVAL INFANTRY DIVISION .......... 4-157TANK ARMY ....................... 4-118

Although one expects to find many organizational variations in a force the size of the Soviet ground

forces, descriptions in this chapter present a single model for each type of organization. The structures

portrayed here mirror forward-deployed Soviet forces such as those found in the Western TVD as of the

end of 1988. They include all known structural elements, full assessed war-authorized strengths, and the

most modern equipment. The text and tables note several structural variations.

PRESENTATION OF INFORMATION

The organization charts in this chapter focuson maneuver units, starting at the lowest level(motorized rifle squad and tank squad) and buildingup to the highest level (army and front). At eachlevel, the chapter breaks down subordinate CS andCSS units and subunits whenever possible forgreater detail.

The chapter begins with the structure of theMRRs, the most common type in the Soviet groundforces. Among these regiments, the BTR-equippedunits are the most numerous. The chapter discussesthem first. Then it addresses the BMP-equippedunits. Discussion of the MRD and its support unitsfollows. Next the chapter repeats the process forthe TR and the TD. Organizations above division(army and front) complete the description of purelyground force organizations. The next set of chartsdeals with the airborne regiment and the airbornedivision. These are not technically part of theground forces but may fall under the control of aground forces front. The final set of charts ad-dresses the amphibious forces: the naval infantryregiment/brigade and the naval infantry division.

Stacked blocks in the charts indicate multiple,identical elements subordinate to a particular or-

ganization. Dashed blocks indicate elements which

may or may not be present in the type of organi-zation shown.

Figures inside the organization blocks reflect theassessed total war-authorized personnel strength ofthe organization. At lower levels, the chapter oftendivides personnel figures between officers (at theleft) and enlisted personnel (at the right). At bat-talion level and above, the chapter gives a singlefigure for the officers and enlisted personnelcombined.

Personnel totals, as well as equipment lists, arecumulative, although recapitulation tables for largerunits may show the breakdown among subordinateunits and subunits. Otherwise, the user may deter-mine the distribution of personnel and equipmentby consulting cross-referenced charts for lower-levelorganizations.

FM 100-2-3

Ground Forces

With approximately one-sixth of the earth's landsurface within its boundaries, the Soviet Unionhas traditionally maintained large, well-equippedground forces as a primary instrument of militarypower. Today, the Soviet ground forces are thelargest of the five components of their armedforces. Ground forces organizations may be eithertactical (division level and below) or operational(army and front).

Tactical-Level Organizations

The basic tactical units in the Soviet groundforces are the MRRs and TRs. There are two dis-

tinct types of MRR: those equipped with BTRs(APCs) and those equipped with BMPs (infantrycombat vehicles). The MRR and TR normallyoperate as part of a MRD or TD.

Operational-Level Organizations

Soviet ground forces organizations at levels ofcommand between division (tactical) and TVD(strategic) constitute the operational level. Theselarge formations include armies and fronts.

There is no fixed organizational structure abovedivision level.

The army is the largest peacetime combinedarms formation. It normally consists of two tofive divisions and numerous nondivisional CS andCSS elements. Armies are capable of independentoperations, but normally fight as part of a front,in which case their CS elements will be supple-mented with front assets.

There are two types of armies. While both typesare actually combined arms organizations, a Sovietcombined arms army (CAA) will normally have agreater number of MRDs, and a tank army (TA)will normally have a greater number of TDs. Ofthe armies identified, no two are exactly alike. Thenumber of divisions, as well as the numbers andtypes of nondivisional elements, can vary greatlydepending on the mission, the situation, and thearea of operations.

The front is the largest operational-level or-ganization. When formed in wartime, a typicalfront may have three to five armies.

I

'L

FM 100-2-3

MOTORIZED RIFLE REGIMENT STRUCTURE (BTR)

Motorized Rifle Squad (BTR)

Personnel Equipment

Squad Leader/BTR Commander ............. AK-74

BTR Driver/Mechanic ........................... PM

BTR Machine Gunner ........................... PM

Machine Gunner ............................ RPK-74

Grenadier ................. ............. RPG-7V, PM

Personnel Equipment

Senior Rifleman/Asst. Squad Leader ......... AK-74

Rifleman/Assistant Grenadier ................ AK-74

Rifleman/Medic ........................... AK-74Rifleman ............................ AK-74/SVD

NOTES. 1. The dismounted squad element consists of seven personnel. The BTR driver/

mechanic and BTR machine gunner remain with the BTR to provide fire support.The dismounted squad does not have a portable radio.

2. One squad in each platoon has an SVD sniper rifle.

Motorized Rifle Platoon (BTR)

Platoon Leader ....... PMAssistant Platoon

Leader .......... AK-74

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment Total

9-mm Pistol, PM .................. . ............ 10

5.45-mm Assault Rifle, AK-74 .................... 16

5.45-mm Light Machine Gun, RPK-74 ........... 3

7.62-mm Sniper Rifle, SVD ........................ 1

Antitank Grenade Launcher, RPG-7V ............ 3

Equipment TotalAPC, BTR-60/70/80 ............................. 3

Radios:VHF, Portable, Low-Power, R-148 .............. 1VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-123 ... 3

NOTES. 1. With a standard nine-man squad, each BTR has one empty seat (three per platoon),which can accommodate the platoon leader and the assistant platoon leader.

2. One squad in each platoon has an SVD sniper rifle.3. Firepower calculations should include the 14.5-mm and 7.62-mm coaxial machine

guns mounted on each BTR.

FM 100-2-3

Motorized Rifle Company. Motorized Rifle Battalion,Motorized Rifle Regiment (BTR), MRD

Company Commander ... PM Platoon Leader........ PMDeputy Commander/ 3 x Machine

Political Officer ...... PM Gunner......... PKM, PMSenior Technician ..... PM 3 x AssistantFirst Sergeant ...... AK-74 Gunner..........AK-74BTR Driver/Mechanic . PM 3 x ATGMBTR Machine Operator.......... AT-7

Gunner.........AK-74 3 AssistantOperator.........AK74

2 x BTR Driver!Mechanic ........... PM

2 X BTR MachineGunner............PM

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment Total9-mm Pistol, PM.............................42

5.45-mm Assault Rifle, AK-74 .................... 56

5.45-mm Light Machine Gun, RPK-74............9

7.62-mm Sniper Rifle, SVD...................... 3

7.62-mm General Purpose MG, PKM ............. 3

Antitank Grenade Launcher, RPG-7V ............. 9

Equipment Total

ATGM, Manpack Launcher, AT-7/SAXHORN ..... 3

APC, BTR-60/70/80.......................... 12

Radios:VHF, Portable, Low-Power, R-148 .............. 5

VHF, Manpack Low-Power, R-107 .............. 1

VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-123 .. 12

NOTE. The company commanders RTO comes from the battalion signal platoon and is notpart of the BTR company personnel total.

4-4

FM 100-2-3

Motorized Rifle Battalion,Motorized Rifle Regiment (BTR). MRD

MOTOIZEDRIFLE COMPANY

MORTARlBATTERY

75J

page 4-29 page 4-29

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment Total120-mm Mortar M1943/M-120 or 82-mm

Automatic Mortar, 2B9.....................87.62-mm General Purpose MG, PKM ........... 9ATGM, Manpack Launcher, AT-7/SAXHORN .... 9ATGM, Manpack Console, AT-3/SAGGER

or AT-4/SPIGOT............................. 473-mm Recoilless Gun, SPG-9 ................. 2ATGL, RPG-7V ............................... 37SAM, SA-7/GRAIL or SA-14/GREMLIN or

SA-16 ................................... 930-mm Automatic Grenade Launcher, AGS-17 ... 65.45-mm LMG, RPK-74 ....................... 27APC, BTR-60/70/80.......................... 47ACV, BTR ..................................... 3Truck, UAZ-69/469............................ 3Truck, GAZ-66................................ 15Truck, ZIL/Ural................................ 4Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance) .................. 1Truck, Van, Kitchen, PAC-170/200 .............. 1

Equipment TotalTruck, POL (4,000 or 5,000-Liter)............... 2Truck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452Trailer, POL, 1-Axle............................ 1Trailer, Cargo, 1 -Axle .......................... 2Trailer, Generator, 1 -Axle ...................... 1Trailer, Water ................................. 1Trailer, Kitchen................................ 3Rangefinder................................... 1Radios:

HF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-130..2VHF, Portable, Low-Power, R-148............ 24VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 ............ 14VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-

Power, R-123 ............................ 50Warning Receiver, R-311 1.................... 1Radio Transceiver, Portable,

Very-Low-Power, R-147.................... 4

4-5

FM 100-2-3

Battalion Headquarters. Motorized Rifle Battalion,Motorized Rifle Regiment (BTR), MRD

BATTALIONHEADQUARTERS

4 I

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment Total9-mm Pistol, PM ................................... 45.45-mm Assault Rifle, AK-74................... 8ACV, BTR-6OPU .................................... 1Truck, UAZ-69/469 ................................ 1Truck, GAZ-66................................. 1

Equipment TotalRadios:

HF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-130 ..... 1VHF, Portable, Low-Power, R-148 .............. 1VHF, Manpack, Low-Power R-107 ............. 2VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-123 ... 1Warning Receiver, R-311 ........................ 1

NOTE. The signal platoon leader is also the battalion communications officer. The praporshchikin charge of the supply platoon and the fel'dscher in charge of the medical aidstation are also part of the battalion staff. However, these three positions are notpart of the personnel figures for the battalion headquarters.

Mortar Battery, Motorized Rifle Battalion,Motorized Rifle Regiment, MRD and TD

BATTERY HEADQUARTERS s

HEADQUARTERS HEADQUARTERS

2 21 1 PLATOON 20

PLATOON FORWARD OBSE;RVER/ RADIO

HEADQUARTERS RECONNAISSANCE TELEPHONE

1 0Il SECTION 4 0 SECTION 5

TRANSPORT

SECTION

0 10

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment Total9-mm Pistol, PM .................................. 155.45-mm Assault Rifle, AK-74.................. 62ATGL. RPG-7V................................ 8Truck. UAZ-69/469 ................................ 1Truck, GAZ-66................................. 9120-mm Mortar M1943/M-120 or 82-mm

Automatic Mortar, 2B9 ......................... 8

Equipment TotalStereoscopic Rangefinder, DS-1 or

DM-09/DAK-1 .................................. 1Periscope Aiming Circle, PAB2A ................. 1Collimator (Aiming Stakes) ........................ 8Radio:

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 ............. 4

4-6

FM 100-2-3

Antitank Platoon, Motorized Rifle Battalion,Motorized Rifle Regiment (BTR), MRD

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment TotalATGM, Manpack, Console, AT-3/SAGGER

or AT-4/SPIGOT............................. 4

73-mm Recoilless Gun, SPG-9.................. 2

ATGL, RPG-7V ..................................... 2

NOTE. High-readiness BTR-equipped MRBs may have six AT-4

Equipment TotalAPC, BTR ........................................ 5Radios:

VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-123 ... 5VHF, Portable, Low-Power, R-148.............. 4

SPIGOTs and three SPG-9s.

Signal Platoon, Motorized Rifle Battalion,Motorized Rifle Regiment, MRD and TD

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment Total Equipment Total

9-mm Pistol, PM ............................ 1 Radios:5.45-mm Assault Rifle, AK-74 ................ 13 HF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-130 .... 1

ACV, BTR................................... 2 VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107............ 3

Truck, UAZ-69/469 ........................... 1 VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-123 ... 2

Truck, GAZ-66 .............................. 1

FM 100-2-3

Supply Platoon, Motorized Rifle Battalion,Motorized Rifle Regiment, MRD and TD

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment9-mm Pistol, PM....................5.45-mm Assault Rifle, AK-74 ..........Truck, .GAZ-66......................Truck, ZIL-130/131/151/157 or Ural-375Truck, POL (4,000 or 5,200-Liter).........Truck, Van, Field Kitchen, PAC-170/200 ..

Total

... 194

.................. 4

.................. 2................. 1

Equipment TotalTrailer, POL, 1-Axle .......................... 1Trailer, Cargo, 1-Axle........................ 1Trailer, Water, 1-Axle ........................ 1Trailer, Field Kitchen, KP-125................. 3

Radio:VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107............ 1

Repair Workshop, Motorized Rifle Battalion.Motorized Rifle Regiment, MRD and TD -

REPAIRWORKSHOP

0 7

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment TotalTruck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance)................. 1Trailer, Generator, 1-Axle ..................... 1

Medical Aid Station, Motorized Rifle Battalion,Motorized Rifle Regiment, MRD and TD

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

MEDICAL AIDSTATION

0 4

Equipment TotalTruck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452............. 1Trailer, Cargo, 1-Axle........................ 1Radio:

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107............1

4-8

FM 100-2-3

Motorized Rifle Regiment (BTR), MRD

The MRR is the basic combined arms organi-zation and most common maneuver element of theSoviet ground forces. Motorized rifle, tank, artillery,antiaircraft, antitank, engineer, signal, and CSSassets are organic to the MRR. The regiment isthe smallest organization which has all of theseelements.

Regimental organization includes three MRBsand one TB. A 122-mm howitzer battalion andthree 120-mm mortar batteries or 82-mm automaticmortar batteries provide fire support. While battalion-sized elements support the division, correspondingcompany-sized units support MRRs.

The MRRs have either the BMP amphibiousinfantry combat vehicle (AICV) or one of the BTRseries of APCs as the primary troop-carryingvehicle. Another key difference between the two

types of MRRs has been that BMP-equipped regi-ments had an organic battalion of 122-mm SPhowitzers (2Sls), while BTR-equipped regimentshad a battalion of 122-mm towed howitzers (D-30s).However, some BTR regiments, especially those inthe forward area, now have the 2S1. Also, BTRregiments have antitank platoons within the MRBs,a feature not found in the BMP regiments.

The TBs of both BMP- and BTR-equipped MRRshave 31 medium tanks. This chapter lists all tankswithin the MRR as T-64/72/80, but older types are.often present outside the Western TVD.

Although the regiment normally operates aspart of the division, it is capable of short-termindependent operations. It has the assets to reactindependently to changes in the combat situation.Much of its equipment is amphibious.

AIR DEFENSE MISSILE ANTITANK MISSILEAND ARTILLERY BATTERY BATTERY

60 40

page 4-18 page 4-20

SIGNALCOMPANY

50

page 4-22

CHEMICAL PROTECTIONPLATOON24

page 4-23

RECONNAISSANCECOMPANY

55

page 4-19

ENGINEERCOMPANY

60

page 4-21

p

MATERIEL SUPPORTCOMPANY

90

page 4-23

MAINTENANCECOMPANY

65

page 4-24

REGIMENTAL

MEDICAL POINT

34

page 4-25

NOTES. 1. If the TB of this regiment has T-54/55/62 tanks, regimental strength will increaseby 31 or 40 enlisted personnel.

2. Approximately 220 personnel are officers.3. In some BTR-equipped regiments, the howitzer battalion may have the 122-mm

SP howitzer 2S1. (See p. 4-36 for the organization and equipment of a 2S1-equipped battalion.)

4. In the late 1980s, forces in Eastern Europe began to standardize tank battalionsat 31 tanks. (See p. 4-108.)

4-9

FM 100-2-3

Personnel and Equipment Recapitulation

FOOTNOTES. *This vehicle includes the TALL MIKE radar, which appears separately in (continued)this list.

" The SA-9 system has a transporter-erector-launcher (TEL), while the SA-13system has a transporter-erector-launcher and radar (TELAR).

***This vehicle includes the SMALL FRED radar, which appears separately inthis list.

4-10

FM 100-2-3

Personnel and Equipment Recapitulation (continued)

MOTORIZED RIFLEREGIMENT (BTR), MRD

AICV, BMP-1/BMP-2 3 3

ACRV M1979 (1/2/3) 8 8

GENERAL PURPOSE TRUCKS

Truck, UAZ-69/469 3 9 1 1 5 2 1 22

Truck, GAZ-66 45 12 2 3 4 1 67Truck, ZIL-130/131/151/157 7 4 1 2 14

Truck, KrAZ/ZIL/Ural 12 34 3 8 57

VAN TRUCKS

Truck, Van, GAZ 2 3 1 6

Truck, Van, ZIL/Ural Command 3 3

Truck, Van, ZIL (Signal) 2 2

Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance) 3 2 1 1 1 12 20

Truck, Van, Kitchen PAC-170/200 3 1 4

Truck, Van, ZIL (AT-3/5 Simulator) 1 1

POL TRUCKS

Truck, POL, ZIL/Ural/KrAZ 6 3 2 15 26

DECONTAMINATION TRUCKS

Truck, Decontamination 4 1 5

CHEMICAL RECONNAISSANCEVEHICLES-

Chemical ReconnaissanceVehicle BRDM-2rkh/RKhM 3 3

SPECIAL PURPOSE TRUCKS

Truck, Water Tank 4 4

Truck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452 3 1 1 4 9

Truck, Crane, K-61 1 1

Truck, Crane Shovel, E-305V 2 2

Truck, Dump, MMZ-555 2 2

Sedan, GAZ-24 1 1

SPECIAL PURPOSE EQUIPMENT

Motorcycle 3 3 6

(continued)

4-11

f~~bi ~~ 7 2

v2~~v / 7 e-

o~ ~81.~~ 'kZ~/~I~~s~c~JO ~PcOA.° NO Q ! '44r

t, ,4- A

FM 100-2-3

Personnel and Equipment Recapitulation (continued)

MOTORIZED RIFLEREGIMENT (BTR), MRD

Armored Recovery Vehicle

ENGINEER EQUIPMENT

Bridge, Tank-Launched, MTU/MT-55

Bridge, Truck-Launched, TMM

Ditching Machine, BTM/MDK

Dozer, BAT/BAT-M/PKT

Dozer Blade, BTU

Bucket Excavator, PZM

Mineclearing Plow, KMT-4/6

Mine Roller-Plow, KMT-5M

Minelayer, Towed, PMR-3

Water Filtration Set, MAFS

TRAILERS

Trailer, POL

Trailer, Cargo, 1-Axle

Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle

Trailer, Generator, 1-Axle

Trailer, Generator, 2-Axle

Trailer. Water

Trailer, Field Kitchen

ARTILLERY-ASSOCIATEDEQUIPMENT

Rangefinder

RADARS

Battlefield Surveillance. TALL MIKE

Battlefield Surveillance,SMALL FRED

RADIOS

HF or VHF, Manpack, Low-Power,R-104M or R-107

HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M

HF, Vehicle-Mount, Medium-Power.R-130

continued)

4-12

FM 100-2-3

Personnel and Equipment Recapitulation (continued)

4-13

FM 100-2-3

Regimental Headquarters,Motorized Rifle and Tank Regiment, MRD and TD

DIVISONALREGIMENTAL[ TICIONCOMMANDER

I SPECIAL STAFF I DEPUTY COMMANDER DEPUTY COMMANDER CHIEF OF(KGB) I FOR FOR ARMAMENTS STAFF

L_________----- POLITICAL AFFAIRS

-. U

CHEFO IFOF1CHIEF1O [HIEF1O[ HIEF OF CIE O7CIE1OA IRESERCNAISSANCEJ CUNCAION HEIALSRVCEEGIER VICE ME[ICA SERVICEFINANCE SERVICE

IARTILLE RY ARMAMENTSERVICE

KEY

- - - Dashed lines between blocksindicate relationships withelements which are not actuallypart of the regiment.

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment MRR MRR TR(BTR) (BMP)

SAM, SA-7/GRAIL or SA-14/GREMLIN or SA-16.............. 3 .... 3 . 3

Medium Tank, T-64/72/80(Command Vehicle)............. 0 .... 0 . 1

APC, BTR-60/70/80............... 2 .... 1 . 1ACV, BMP-1KSh .................. O0....1 ... 0APC, BTR-6OPA (FAC)............ 1 .... 1 . 1Truck. UAZ-69/469............... 3 .... 3 . 3Truck, Ural-375 ................... 1 .... 1 . 1

Equipment MRR MRR TR(BTR) (BMP)

Truck, Van, ZIL (Command) ........ 3 .... 3 . 3Sedan, GAZ-24................... 1 .... 1 . 1Radios:

HF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-130 ................. 0 .... 0 . 1

VHF, Manpack, Low-power,R-107........................ 3 .... 3 . 2

VHF, Vehicle Mount,Medium-Power, R-123 ........ 2 .... 2 . 2

FOOTNOTES. The Special Staff normally consists of about seven KGB personnel. They arenot subordinate to the regimental commander and are not part of their person-nel total for the regimental headquarters.

"Usually the First Deputy Commander.

4-14 Foldout

CHIEF OF

ARTILLERY

FM 100-2-3

Tank Battalion, Motorized Rifle Regiment, MRD and TD

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT (See below)Equipment Total Equipment TotalMedium Tank, T-64/72/80 ................... 40 Trailer, Cargo, 1-Axle......................... 1

ATGL, RPG-7V .............................. 2 Trailer, Generator............................. 1

ACV, BTR-50/60..............................2 Trailer, Water................................ 1Truck, ZIL-157 or Ural-375..................... 7 Radios:Truck, POL..................................3 HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M............ 2Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance)...................2 HF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-130 .... 5Truck, Van, Kitchen, PAC-170/200 ............. 1 VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107............ 1

Truck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A .................. 1 VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-123... 41Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle......................... 8 Warning Receiver, R-311 ................... 1

NOTES. 1. TBs equipped with T-54/55/62 tanks have 31 or 40 additional enlisted personnel.2. In the late 1980s, forces in Eastern Europe began to standardize tank battalions

at 31 tanks. (See p. 4-108.)

Tank Company, Tank Battalion, Motorized Rifle Regiment, MRD and TD

Company Commander .. PMDriver/Mechanic ...... PMGunner.............PM

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT U

Equipment TotalPLATOON

Medium Tank, T-64/72/80..................13 AT

9-mm Pistol, PM ........................... 30 T A0 x Medium Tank}

5.45-mm Assault Rifle, AKS-74 ................ 9 1 2Radios:Radios: VPlatoon Leader!

HF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, W130 .... 1 Tank Commander ... PMVHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, Driver/Mechanic ...... PM

R-123 .................................. 13 Gunner.............PM

NOTES. 1. The personnel total of 39 will be rounded off to 40 in the organization chart forthe TB, MRR. Tank companies with T-54/55/62 tanks have 10 or 13 additionalenlisted personnel.

2. In the late 1980s, forces in Eastern Europe began to standardize tank companiesat 10 tanks. (See p. 4-107.)

TANK SQUAD(1 xMedium Tank)

0 3

Tank Commander .. AKS-74Driver/Mechanic ...... PMGunner.............PM

4-15

FM 100-2-3

122-mm Howitzer Battalion,Motorized Rifle Regiment (BTR), MRD and TD

(See page 4-17)

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment122-mm Towed Howitzer, D-30 .............ATGL, RPG-7V ................ .........5.45-mm LMG, RPK-74 ...................ACRV, M 1979 (1) ........................ACRV, M1979 (2) .........................ACRV, M1979 (3) .........................

Mobile Recon Post, PRP-3 (BMP M1975)* ....Truck, UAZ-69/469 ......................Truck, GAZ-66 .............. ...........Truck, ZIL/Ural ...........................Truck, POL (4,000 or 5,200-Liter) ...........

Truck, Van, GAZ .........................Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance) ..............

Total181818

. 3

S1

1.. 12

.34

. 2

.. 2

. 1

Equipment Total

Truck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452 ............. 1Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle ....................... 11

Trailer, POL ................................. 2Trailer, Water .............................. 1Trailer, Field Kitchen ......................... 4

Rangefinder, Laser, SAGE GLOSS ............. 4Radar, Battlefield Surveillance, SMALL FRED .... 1Radios:

HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power ....... 4

VHF, Portable, Low-Power, R-148 or Very-Low Power R-126 ........................ 2

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 .......... 20

Warning Receiver, R-311 ................... 2

NOTE. This howitzer battalion may also be found in the artillery regiment of a MRD, TD, orairborne division

FOOTNOTE. *This vehicle includes the SMALL FRED radar, which appears separately in thislist

4-16

FM 100-2-3

122-mm Howitzer Battery, 122-mm Howitzer EMotorized Rifle Regiment (BTR), MRD and TD

PLATOONHEADQUARTERS

GU4NlSECTION

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment122-mm Towed Howitzer, D-30 ..ATGL, RPG-7V..................5.45-mm LMG, RPK-74 ............Truck, GAZ-66...................Truck, ZIL/Ural ..................ACRV, M1979 (1) ................

Total...6

...6

.1..

Equipment TotalACRV, M1979 (2) ........................... 1Trailer, Cargo.............................. 1Rangefinder, Laser, SAGE GLOSS.............. 1Radios:

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107............ 5VHF, Vehicle Mounted, Medium-Power........ 1

4-17

FM 100-2-3

Air Defense Missile and Artillery Battery,Motorized Rifle and Tank Regiment. MRD and TD

AIR DEFENSE MISSILEAND ARTILLERY

BATTERY~60

U

AIR DEFENSE MISSILEPLATOON

AIRDESEARTILLERYIPLAON

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentSAM, SA-9/GASKIN TEL or SA-13/GOPHER

TELAR .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SPAA Gun, ZSU-23-4 or 2S6 ..............ACV, BTR-60 ............................Truck, GAZ-66...........................Truck, ZIL-131 /157 or Ural-375............

Total Equipment Total

Trailer, Generator, 2-Axle.......................2.... 4 Radios:

... 4 VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107.............2

" . 3 VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power,..2 R-123....................................11.. 4 Warning Receiver, R-311 .................... 3

NOTE. Instead of this battery, some MRRs and TRs now have an air defense battalionconsisting of a battery of six 2S6 30-mm SP antiaircraft systems and a battery of sixBMP-2 ICVs (with each BMP-2 carrying three SA-16 SAM launchers).

4-18

EBATTERYHEADQUARTERSMAINTENANCE

SECTION

FM 100-2-3

Reconnaissance Company,Motorized Rifle and Tank Regiment, MRD and TD

HDUAR T ERS1 xBRM-1 3 x BMP-1/BMP-2 4 x BRDM-2 3xMotorcycle

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentATGL, RPG-7V.................5.45-mm LMG, RPK-74 ...........ACV, BRM-1 *..................AICV, BMP-1 /BMP-2 .............ASC, BRDM-2 ..................Motorcycle, M-72/K-750V/Ural-3 .Radar, Battlefield Surveillance, TALL

Total

.. 4

.. 3

.. 1

.. 3

.. 4

.. 3

.. 1MIKE ...

Equipment TotalRadios:

HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M ........... 1HF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-130 .... 1VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107............ 3VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-123 .. 7Warning Receiver, R-311 1...................1

FOOTNOTE. *This vehicle includes the TALL MIKE radar, which appears separately in this list.

4-19

3 xTruck, Ulral/ZIL1 x Truck, Van, IL

(AT-3/5 Simulator)

1 xBRDM-21 xR-107 1 x ATGM Launcher1 xR-123 Vehicle, AT-3/51 xR-123 I xATGL, RPG-7V

I R-123

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentATGM Launcher Vehicle (BRDM-2), AT-3/

SAGGER or AT-5/SPANDREL.........ATGL, RPG-7V........................ACV, BRDM-2 ........................Truck, Ural/ZIL........................Truck, Van, ZIL (AT-3/5 Simulator)..

Total Equipment Total

Rangefinder.................................. 1" 9 Radios:

9 VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107.............44 VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power,

.. 3 R-123...................................131

NOTE. In the late 1980s, MRRs began to add 100-mm AT guns (MT-12) to expand the battery.

4-20

FM 100-2-3

Antitank Missile Battery,Motorized Rifle Regiment, MRD and TD

1 xBRDM-21 xR-1231 R -1071 xRangefir

FM 100-2-3

Engineer Company,Motorized Rifle and Tank Regiment, MRD and TD

COMPANY MINE WARFARE BRIDGE TECHNICAL

HEADQUARTERS PLATOON PLATOON (CONSTRUCTION)PLATOON

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentATGL, RPG-7V ..................APC, BTR-60 ....................Truck, UAZ-69/469 ..............

Truck, KrAZ/Ural/ZIL .............Truck, Dump, MMZ-555 ..........

Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance) .....

Truck, Crane, K-61 ...............Truck, Crane Shovel, E-305V ......

Bridge, Tank-Launched, MTU/MT-55Bridge, Truck-Launched, TMM .....

Ditching Machine, BTM/MDK .....

Dozer, BAT/BAT-M/PKT ..........Dozer Blade, BTU ................

Total

43

... 8"/9"*

2

2.. 1 */3"*

4........

3

Equipment TotalBucket Excavator, PZM ....................... 3Minelayer, Towed, PMR-3 ..................... 3Mineclearing Plow, KMT-4/6 ............ 9*/27"**Mine Roller-Plow, KMT-5M .............. 3"/9"*Water Filtration Set, MAFS, on ZIL

w ith Trailer ............................... 1Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle ........................ 2Radios:

HF or VHF, Manpack, Low-Power,R-104M or R-107 ........................ 4

VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power,R-123 ............................. 4"/7"

NOTE. The following variations may exist:a. Frogmen may be attached to assist in the reconnaissance of water obstacles.b. Some companies may have five KMM truck-launched bridge spans instead of fourb. TMM bridge spans.c. Trucks normally tow PMR minelayers. Some units may have BTR-152s for this

purpose. Some units may have GMZ armored tracked minelayers instead of PMRtowed minelayers.

d. Some units may have up to six one-axle cargo trailers besides the two-axle cargotrailers.

e. Some units may have tractor-trailers to carry heavy tracked equipment on longroad movements.

FOOTNOTES. *Personnel and equipment levels for the engineer company, MRR, BTR- orBMP-equipped.

"Personnel and equipment levels for the engineer company, TR.

4-21

FM 100-2-3

Signal Company,Motorized Rifle and Tank Regiment, MRD and TD

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentACV, BTR ...................Truck, UAZ-69/469 ............Truck, GAZ-66 ................Truck, Van, GAZ (Signal) ........Truck, Van, ZIL (Signal) .........

Motorcycle, M-72/K-750V/Ural-3Trailer, Generator, 2-Axle .......Radios:

Total.............. 3

............ 5

............. 3

.............. 3

.............. 2

.............. 3

. ............. 1

HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M ........... 2HF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-130 .... 2

HF, Van Mount, High-Power, R-118 .......... 1

HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power ...... 2

HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, High-Power ......... 2

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 ........... 7

VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-123 ... 2W arning Receiver, R-311 ................... 3Radio Relay, VHF/UHF, R-401/405 ........... 2

NOTES. 1. The radios listed support the regimental headquarters.2. Motorcycles provide the regimental commander with messenger/courier service.3. The TA-57 field telephone and P-193M switchboard are standard equipment in

the wire/telephone platoon.

4-22

FM 100-2-3

Chemical Protection Platoon,Motorized Rifle and Tank Regiment, MRD and TD

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentChemical Reconnaissance Vehicle,

BRDM-2rkh or RKhM .........Truck, Decontamination .........

Total Equipment TotalRadios:

.............. 3 HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M ........... 1

.............. 4 VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-123 ... 3

Materiel Support Company,Motorized Rifle and Tank Regiment, MRD and TD

MATERIELSUPPORTCOMPANY

90

COMPANY AMMUNITION POL SUPPLY ANDHEADQUARTERS AND CARGO PLATOON MAINTENANCE

PLATOON SECTION

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentTruck, UAZ-69/469 ............

Truck, GAZ-66 .................

Truck, ZIL-131/157 or Ural-375 ..Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance) ....

Truck, ZIL-130/131 (Water) ......

Truck, POL (4,000 or 5,200-Liter)Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle ...........

Total.... 2

.... 4

... 45

4... 4

... 15

... 30

EquipmentTrailer, POL ..........................

Trailer, Field Kitchen .....................

Trailer, W ater .........................

Trailer, Generator, 1-Axle ................

Radio:VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 .......

Total... 15

.... 2

. . 1

... 1

4-23

FM 100-2-3

Maintenance Company,Motorized Rifle and Tank Regiment, MRD and TD

COMPANY MOTOR VEHICLEHEADQUARTERS REPAIR PLATOON

TANK/TRACK WEAPONS/ORDNANCEREPAIR PLATOON REPAIR PLATOON

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment MRR* MRR** TR**"(BTR) (BMP)

ATGL, RPG-7V .................. 4 .... 4.. .. 4Truck, UAZ-69/469 ............. 1 .... 1 .. .. 1

Truck, ZIL ...................... 1 .... 1 .. .. 1

Truck, Ural-375 ................. 1 .... 1 .. .. 1

Truck, Van, ZIL-131(Maintenance) ................ 4 .... 4 .. .. 4

Truck, Van, ZIL-157(M aintenance) ................ 8 .... 8 .. .. 8

Armored Maintenance Vehicle,M TP ........................ 0 .... 3 .. .. O

Equipment MRR" MRR"* TR***

(BTR) (BMP)Armored Recovery Vehicle ....... 3 .... 3 ..Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle ............ 6 .... 6 ..Trailer, Generator, 2-Axle ........ 1 .... 1 .Trailer, Generator, 1-Axle ........ 2 .... 2 .,Radios:

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power,R-107 .......... ..... ..... 1 .... 1 .

VHF, Vehicle Mount,Medium-Power, R-123 ....... 3 .... 6 .

NOTES. 1. The special repair platoon consists of an arc and gas welding section, batteryrepair and recharging section, and electrical repair section.

2. The mobile repair workshop platoon consists of three sections, each equippedwith an MTP armored maintenance vehicle, During field operations, one MTP willsupport each MRB (BMP).

FOOTNOTES. "Personnel and equipment levels for the maintenance company, MRR, BTR-equipped.

""Personnel and equipment levels for the maintenance company. MRR, BMP-equipped.

""Personnel and equipment levels for the maintenance company, TR.

4-24

..

FM 100-2-3

Regimental Medical Point,Motorized Rifle, Tank, and Artillery Regiment, MRD and TD

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment TotalTruck, Van, GAZ ............................. 1Truck, ZIL-130/131/151/157 ................. 2Truck, Decontamination, DDA-53/66 ........... 1

Truck. GAZ-66 .............................. 1Truck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452 ............. 4

Equipment Total

Trailer, Kitchen .............................. 1Trailer, Water .............................. 1Radio:

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 ........... 1

NOTES. 1. The UAZ-450A/452 is a standard ambulance. Other general purpose trucks mayserve as ambulances. The regimental medical point may also employ theLuAZ-967M light evacuation vehicle.

2. There may be two collection sections.

4-25

FM 100-2-3

MOTORIZED RIFLE REGIMENT STRUCTURE (BMP)

Motorized Rifle Squad (BMP)

MOTORIZEDRIFLE SQUAD

(BMP)0 9

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Personnel EquipmentSquad Leader/BMP Commander ........... AK-74Assistant Squad Leader/BMP Gunner ........ PMBMP Driver/Mechanic ...................... PMMachine Gunner ........................ RPK-74Rifleman/Medic ......................... AK-74

PersonnelGrenadier ........................Senior Rifleman ...................Rifleman/Assistant Grenadier .......Rifleman .........................

NOTES. 1. The dismounted squad assault element consists of seven personnel. The BMPdriver/mechanic and assistant squad leader/BMP gunner remain with the BMPto provide fire support. The dismounted squad does not have a portable radio.

2. One squad in each platoon has an SVD sniper rifle.

Motorized Rifle Platoon (BMP)

Platoon Leader ....... PM ="Assistant Platoon Leader ........... AK-74 (See above)

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment Total9-mm Pistol, PM ........................... 105.45-mm Assault Rifle, AK-74 ................ 165.45-mm Light Machine Gun, RPK-74 .......... 37.62-mm Sniper Rifle, SVD ................... 1Antitank Grenade Launcher, RPG-7V ........... 3

Equipment Total

Amphibious Infantry Combat Vehicle,BMP/BMP-1/BMP-2 ....................... 3

Radios:VHF, Portable, Low-Power, R-148 .......... 1VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-123 ... 3

NOTES. 1. With a standard nine-man squad, each BMP has two empty seats (six per pla-toon), which can accommodate the platoon leader and the assistant platoon leader.The BMP-2 has one empty seat (three per platoon).

2. One squad in each platoon has an SVD sniper rifle.3, Firepower calculations should include the 73-mm smoothbore gun or 30-mm

cannon, ATGM, and the 7.62-mm machine gun mounted on each BMP.

4-26

EquipmentRPG-7V, PM

...... AK-74

...... AK-74

. AK-74/SVD

FM 100-2-3

Motorized Rifle Company, Motorized Rifle BattiMotorized Rifle Regiment (BMP), MRD and TD

Company Commander .. PM Platoon Leader........ PMDeputy Commander! 6 x Machine page 4 26

Political Officer ...... PM Gunner........PKM, PMSenior Technician ..... PM 6 x AssistantFirst Sergeant ...... AK74 Gunner..........AK74BMP Commander/ 6 X BMP Cdr/Gunner .......... AK74 Gunner .......... AK-74

BMP Driver/ 6 x BMP Driver!Mechanic ........... PM Mechanic ........... PM

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment Total9-mm Pistol, PM ........................... 435.45-mm Assault Rifle, AK-74................. 585.45-mm Light Machine Gun, RPK-74........... 97.62-mm Sniper Rifle, SVD.................... 3Antitank Grenade Launcher, RPG-7V............ 9Amphibious Infantry Combat Vehicle,

BMP/BMP-1/BMP-2........................12

Equipment Total

7.62-mm General Purpose MG, PKM6.........6Radios:

VHF, Portable, Low-Power, R-148 ............ 5

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107............ 1

VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power,R-123...................................12

NOTES. 1. The company commander's RTO comes from the battalion signal platoon and isnot part of the BMP company personnel total.

2. The same BMP company organization is also organic to the MRB (BMP), TR, TD.

4-27

FM 100-2-3

Motorized Rifle Battalion,.Motorized Rifle Regiment (BMP), MRD and TD

MOTORIZED RIFLEBATTALION (BMP)

497

BATTLIOfHEADQUARTERS

2ipage 4 29

MOTORIZED RIFLECOMPANY (BM P)

110

page page 4-8 page 4-8

page 4.8

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment Total

120-mm Mortar, M1943/MV120 or 82-mmAutomatic Mortar, 2B9........................ 8

7.62-mm General Purpose MG, PKM............18ATGL, RPG-7V................................. 35SAM, SA-7/'GRAIL or SA-14/GREMLIN or

SA-16 ........................................ 95.45-mm LMG, RPK-74 ........................ 2730-mm Automatic Grenade Launcher, AGS-17 ... 6AICV, BMP-1 /BMP-2........................... 42ACV, BRDM/BTR/BMP.......................... 3Truck, UAZ-69/469 ............................. 3Truck, GAZ-66.................................. 15Truck, ZIL 'Ural.................................. 4Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance) .................... 1Truck, Van, Kitchen, PAC-170/200 ............... 1Truck, POL (4,000 or 5,200-Liter)................ 2Truck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452............... 1

Equipment Total

Trailer, POL, 1 -Axle............................1Trailer, Cargo, 1 -Axle...........................2Trailer, Generator, 1 -Axle.......................1Trailer, Water.................................1Trailer, Kitchen............................... 3Rangefinder, Stereoscopic, DS- 1 or

DM-09/ DAK-1.............................. 1Radios:

HF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-130 .... 2VHF, Portable, Low-Power, R-148.............20VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107............14VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power,

R-123...................................45Warning Receiver, R-311 1.................... 1Radio Transceiver, Portable, Very-Low-Power,

R-147....................................4

NOTE. The same BMP battalion organization is also found in the TR, TD.

4-28

PLATOON BATTERY

page 4-6

FM 100-2-3

Battalion Headquarters, Motorized Rifle Battalion,Motorized Rifle Regiment (BMP), MRD and TD

BATTALIONHEADQUARTERS

4 8

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENTEquipment Total9-mm Pistol, PM ............................ 45.45-mm Assault Rifle, AK-74 ................. 8

ACV, BMP-1K ............................... 1

Truck, UAZ-69/469 .......................... 1

Truck, GAZ-66 .............................. 1

Equipment Total

Radios:HF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-130 .... 1VHF, Portable, Low-Power, R-148 ............ 1VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 ........... 2VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-123 ... 1W arning Receiver, R-311 ................... 1

NOTE. The signal platoon leader is also the battalion communications officer. The prapor-shchik in charge of the supply platoon and the fel'dscher in charge of the medicalaid station are also part of the battalion staff. However, these positions are not partof the personnel figures for the battalion headquarters.

Air Defense Platoon, Motorized Rifle Battalion,Motorized Rifle Regiment, MRD and TD

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment

SAMSECTION

0 4

TotalSAM Launcher, SA-7/GRAIL or SA-14/

GREM LIN or SA-16 ........................ 9AICV, BMP-1/-2/BTR-60/-70/-80 .............. 3Radios:

VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-123 ... 3Radio Transceiver, Portable, Very-Low-Power,R-147 ..................................... 4

NOTE. Each MRC normally has one section attached.

Automatic Grenade Launcher Platoon, Motorized RiBattalion, Motorized Rifle Regiment, MRD and TD

AUTOMATIC GRENADELAUNCHER PLATOON

1 21-- 1

WEAPONSSQUAD

0 7

Squad Leader ...... AK.742 x Grenadier ... AGS-17, PMSenior Rifleman .... AK-742 x Rifleman/Assistant Grenadier ..... AK-74

BTR/BMP Driver/Mechanic ........... PM

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment Total30-mm Automatic Grenade Launcher, AGS-17 ... 6AICV, BMP-1/-2/BTR-60/-70/-80 ............. 3Radios:

VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-123 ... 3VHF, Portable Low-Power, R-148 ............. 4

4-29

AIR DEFENSEPLATOON

1 12

PLATOONHEADQUARTERS

1 0

PLATOONHEADQUARTERS

1 0

I==

- --- - --

FM 100-2-3

Motorized Rifle Regiment (BMP), MRD and TD

The MRR is the basic combined arms organiza-tion and the most common maneuver element ofthe Soviet ground forces. Motorized rifle, tank,artillery, antiaircraft, antitank, engineer, signal,and CSS assets are organic to the MRR. The regi-ment is the smallest organization which has allof these elements.

Regimental organization includes three MRBsand one TB. A 122-mm howitzer battalion andthree 120-mm mortar batteries or 82-mm automaticmortar batteries provide fire support. Whilebattalion-sized elements support the division,corresponding company-sized units support MRRs.

The MRRs have either the BMP AICV or oneof the BTR series of APCs as the primary troop-carrying vehicle. Both BMP and BTR regimentsnow have the AGS-17 automatic grenade launcher

within MRBs. In most other respects, the tworegiments are similar. Exceptions are as follows:BMP-equipped regiments each have an organicbattalion of 122-mm SP howitzers (2S1), while BTRregiments may have 122-mm towed howitzers(D-30). Also, BTR regiments have antitank platoonswithin the MRBs, a feature not found in the BMPregiments.

The TBs of both BMP- and BTR-equipped MRRshave 40 medium tanks. This chapter lists all tankswithin the MRR as T-64/72/80, but older types areoften present outside the Western TVD.

Although the regiment normally operates aspart of the division, it is capable of short-termindependent operations. It has the assets to reactindependently to changes in the combat situation.Much of the equipment is amphibious.

page 4 25

NOTES. 1. If the T8 of this regiment has T-54,55,62 tanks, regimental strength will increaseby 31 or 40 enlisted personnel.

2. In the late 1980s. forces in Eastern Europe began to standardize tank battalionsat 31 tanks. (See p. 4-108.)

4-30

(continued)FOOTNOTES. 'This vehicle includes the TALL MIKE radar, which appears separately in this list.

wThis vehicle includes the SMALL FRED radar, which appears separately in this list

-o -

00-

mC0

C

-6'

0

C

0

a

(continued)

(continued)

(continued)

mC1

0

MOTORIZED RIFLE

REGIMENT (BM P). 5 oMRD AND TD N- ym yQ J °"

00

HF/VHF. Vehicle-Mount, High-Power 22c

W~fl . rW4;t'tl, Cdu necL, ah'-d NE I EiI I .j !** -J I. 60- ....

VHF. Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 3 42 1 10 2 4 3 7 1 1 1 75

VHF. Vehicle-Mount. Medium-Power.R-1232 13 41 2 11 1 7 4 2 3625

Radio Transceiver. Portable. Very-Low-Power. R-147122

Warning Receiver. R313 131

Radio Relay. VHF/UHF. R-401/40522

2T

.A N

W l1

FM 100-2-3

SP Howitzer Battalion (122-mm),Motorized Rifle Regiment (BMP) and Tank Regiment, MRD and TD

.... 1 --HEADQUARTERS SUPPLY AND

PLATOON MAINTENANCE PLATOON20 25

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment Total122-mm SP Howitzer, 2S1 .................... 18ATGL, RPG-7V ............................... 185.45-mm LMG, RPK-74 ....................... 18ACRV 1V13 ..................................... 3ACRV 1V14 ................................... 3ACRV 1V15 ..................................... 1ACRV 1V16 ..................................... 1

Mobile Recon Post, PRP-3 (BMP M1975)' ........ 1

Truck, UAZ-69/469 ............................. 1Truck, GAZ-66 ................................. 7Truck, Ural-375 ............................... 20Truck, POL (4,000 or 5,200-Liter) ................ 2Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance) ................... 2

NOTE. This SP howitzer battalion may also be present in thebattalion of 122-mm towed howitzers (D-30).

Equipment TotalTruck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452 ............... 1

Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle ......................... 10Trailer, POL ..................................... 2Trailer, Water ................................... 1Trailer, Field Kitchen .......................... 3

Rangefinder, Laser, SAGE GLOSS ............... 4

Radar, Battlefield Surveillance, SMALL FRED ..... 1

Radios:VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 ........... 10VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power,

R-123 .................................. 28

Warning Receiver, R-311 ...................... 2

BTR-equipped MRR in lieu of a

FOOTNOTE. 'This vehicle includes the SMALL FRED radar, which appears separately in thislist.

4-36

BATTALIONHEADQUARTERS

10

SP HOWITZERBATTERY

55

Il, " ,

FM 100-2-3

SP Howitzer Battery (122-mm), SP Howitzer Battalion,Motorized Rifle Regiment (BMP) and Tank Regiment, MRD and TD

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment Total122-mm SP Howitzer, 2S1 .................... 6ATGL, RPG-7V .............................. 6

5.45-mm LMG, RPK-74 ......................... 6ACRV 1V13 ............................... 1ACRV 1V14 ................................. 1Truck, GAZ-66 ................................. 1

Equipment TotalTruck, Ural-375 ....................... 6Trailer, Cargo .................. . . .... ...... 1Rangefinder, Laser, SAGE GLOSS ............. 1Radios:

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 ............. 2

VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-123 .... 8

MOTORIZED RIFLE DIVISION

Motorized Rifle Division

The MRD is organized around a six-regimentstructure: three MRRs, one TR, one artillery regi-ment, and one SAM regiment. An SSM battalion,an antitank battalion, and a helicopter squadronprovide additional CS. Other support elementsinclude engineer and signal battalions, a chemicalprotection company, and an artillery commandbattery. Materiel support, maintenance, and

medical battalions provide limited but highlymobile CSS.

As a result of the reorganization which beganin the late 1970s, the TR of the MRD has an SPhowitzer battalion, the MRL battalion is part ofthe artillery regiment, the reconnaissance bat-talion has medium tanks, and the helicoptersquadron provides additional fire support. The

4-37

FM 100-2-3

current trend in the MRD is to replace BTR-equipped MRRs with additional BMP-equippedMRRs. The modernization of equipment includesthe deployment of increasing numbers of T-64,T-72, and T-80 tanks. It also includes the intro-duction of SS-21 tactical ballistic missiles toreplace free rockets over ground (FROGs).

All subunits benefit from continuous upgrade.The capabilities of the organic support elements

generally keep pace with increases in the fire-

power and mobility of combat organizations.

With the exception of the MRRs alreadydescribed, the remaining elements of the MRDappear on the following pages. The organizationcharts show the latest upgrades in organizationand equipment, even though these changes maynot have yet occurred in all divisions.

MOTORIZEDRIFLE

DIVISION13,294+

-- ---- I

DIVISION HQAND HQ COMPANY

245

page 4-45

MOTORIZEDRIFLE REGIMENT (BTR)

2.523

MOTORIZEDRIFLE REGIMENT (BMP)

2,424

I HELICOPTER I

I SQUADRON II IL- - 200

page 4 100

NOTES. 1. The MRD may have an independent tank battalion (ITB) (p 4-105) which is notincluded in the MRD personnel total.

2. Normally, one MRR in the MRD is BMP-equipped. Some MRDs have two BMP-equipped MRRs with only one BTR-equipped MRR.

3. The MRD may have a SAM regiment equipped with the SA-8 SAM (p. 4-101) oran AAA regiment equipped with the S-60 AA Gun (p. 4-104) instead of the SA-6SAM regiment

4. Armies in WGF are consolidating division-level SSM battalions into army-levelSSM brigades.

5 Starting in 1989, the Soviets are converting the TR of the MRD into a fourth MRR.

6. Not all divisions have a helicopter squadron.

4-38

TANKREGIMENT

1,143

page 4-46

FM 100-2-3

Personnel and Equipment Recapitulation

MOTORIZED RIFLEDIVISION 4 w Q Q

Meiu Tank 1-4728 w0__ ___ 6 2s. wO O -. ,

WEAPONS w Q P y ~v A

FRG/S TEL.' ' t z w z Q QP s w ,

FROG/M orL

SS-21/SCARAB 44

152-mm SP Howitzer. 2S3544

122-mmSPHowitzer._2S1 18__ 18_36

122-mm Howitzer, D-30 36 3

122-mm Rocket Launcher. BM-21188

120-mm Mortar, M1943/M-120 or82-mm Automatic Mortar. 289 ___ 48 24 7

SAM. SA-6a/GAINFUL TEL or SA-6b/GAINFUL TELAR 20 2

SAM, SA-9/GASKIN TEL or SA-13/GOPHER TELAR 8 4 4 1

SAM. SA-7/GRAIL or SA-14/GREMLINor SA-16 6 60 30 3 21 120

SPAA Gun. ZSU-23-4 or 2S6 8 4 4 16

ATGM Launcher Vehicle (BRDM-2)AT-3/5 18 9 9 36

ATGM Manpack Console. AT-3/4 24 24

ATGM Manpack Launcher, AT-7 54 54

100-mm AT Gun. T-12/MT-12 12 12

73-mm Recoilless Gun. SPG-9 12 12

ATGL, RPG-7V 3 304 146 36 62 9 13 8 19 11 4 615

30-mm Automatic Grenade Launcher.AGS-17 36 18 54

5.45-mm LMG, RPK-74 3 204 102 21 56 25 4 415

7.62-mm GPMG, PKM 54 54 108

HELICOPTERS

Mi-2/HOPLITE 6 6

Mi-8T/HIP C or Mi-17/HIP H 4 4

(continued)4-39

FM 100-2-3

Personnel and Equipment Recapitulation (continued)

MOTORIZED RIFLEDIVISION -v Q ' v v -. , :V" 0 0 . ~ ,'

y, °i°.. C°O

da~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 'Y Q 4 h 'f Pl

Mi-8T/HIIP DIG 2 2

Mi-24/HIND D/E/F 6 6

ACV/ACRV/AICV/APC/ASC

ACV, BMP/BROM/BTR 42 22 12 6 6 5 3 2 8 2 108

ACV, BRM-1 * 2 1 1 3 7

AICV, 8MP-1/BMP-2 6 129 3 12 150

APC, BTR-50/60/70/80 3 292 4 4 0-6 3 306-312

APC, BTR-6OPA (FAC) 2 1 1 4

MRP, PRP-3 (8MP M1975)*** 2 1 1 4 8

APC, MT-LB M1975** 1 1

APC, MT-LB. Prime Mover 14 14

ASC, BRDM-2 8 4 4 6-12 22-28

ACRV. 1V12 Series 8 8 24 40

ACRV M1979 (1/2/3) 16 16

GENERAL PURPOSE TRUCKS

Truck, UAZ-69/469 12 44 22 13 22 7 4 3 5 8 12 7 5 2 4 2 172

Truck, GAZ-66 9 134 62 17 38 19 6 4 2 7 33 4 3 1 5 344

Truck, ZIL-130/131/151/157 28 14 73 8 3 11 5 22 38 14 5 21 2 244

Truck, Ural-375 94 67 22 90 1 4 16 120 6 1 421

Truck, KrAZ-214/255 1 1

Truck, KrAZ/ZIL/Ural 4 114 23 9 51 38 8 9 1 257

VAN TRUCKS

Truck, Van, GAZ 12 4 4 9 6 2 17 2 21 1 3 1 1 83

Truck, Van, ZIL/Ural 12 6 3 3 15 18 5 6 2 1 1 2 74

Truck, Van, ZIL (Signal) 4 2 2 2 4 12 26

Truck, Van, ZIL. (Maintenance) 1 40 21 19 3 11 2 2 4 4 9 40 - 2 158

Truck, Van, UJAZ-452 2 1 1 4 1 1 10

Truck, Van, Kitchen PAC-170/200 8 4 3 2 17

(continued)

*This vehicle includes the TALL MIKE radar, which appears separately in this list.*This vehicle includes the SMALL FRED radar, which appears separately in this list.

**This vehicle includes the BIG FRED radar, which appears separately in this list.

4-40

Personnel and Equipment Recapitulation (continued)

FM 100-2-3

2 y 1 1 1r 1 1Q 1Q 0 73 Q ry.,o

6 14 2

2 2

11 1

25 1 6 2 318

3 4112

6 I 3 2

2 2

1 611

1 10

3 31

15 1

15 15

15 15

(continued)

4-41

FM 100-2-3

Personnel and Equipment Recapitulation (continued)

(continued)

4-42

FM 100-2-3

Personnel and Equipment Recapitulation (continued)

MOTORIZED RIFLEDIVISION AZ k QA

AZ el A ~ L s r~ Ij~~

Assault Boat, Inflatable, NOL-10 10 10

Concrete Mixer 1 1

TRAILERS

Trailer, Lowboy 1 1

Trailer, POL 1 40 20 17 16 7 1 2 2 1 160 4 2 273

Trailer, Cargo. 1-Axle 14 7 3 4 10 2 40

Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle 4 114 56 66 101 15 2 10 6 122 13 10 2 521

Trailer, Generator, 1-Axle 1 14 7 6 2 13 2 6 51

Trailer, Generator. 2-Axle 2 8 4 4 4 4 1 2 2 10 6 1 2 2 52

Tralier, Water 1 14 7 6 6 4 1 1 1 3 1 7 1 4 1 58

Trailer, Field Kitchen 3 32 15 6 14 11 1 2 4 5 2 3 4 102

Trailer, Decon, DKV/DDP 3 3

Trailer. Van, 2-Axle 13 13

Trailer, Amphibious, PKP 3 3

Trailer. Compressor _ 1

Trailer, Saw, 2-Axle 1 1

ARTILLERY ASSOCIATEDEQUIPMENT

Rangefinder 16 8 4 15 3 2 48

Sound-Ranging Set 1 1

RADARS

Radar, Battlefield SurveillanceBIG FRED 1 1

Radar, Battlefield Surveillance SMALLFRED 2 1 1 4 8

Radar. Battlefield Surveillance, TALLMIKE 2 1 1 3 7

Radar, Battlefield Surveillance. Man-Portable. PSNR-1 3 3

Radar. Counter-Mortar/Counter-Battery 1 1

Radar, Aerial Surveillance/Target Acq,LONG TRACK 2 2

(continued)

4-43

FM 100-2-3

Personnel and Equipment Recapitulation (continued)

MOTORIZED RIFLEDIVISION

Radar, Height Finding. THIN SKIN

Radar, Fire Control, STRAIGHT FLUSH

Radar, Meteorological, END TRAY

SIGINT EQUIPMENT

Intercept Receiver, VHF/UHF

Radio DF/HF/VHF/UHF

Radar DF

RADIOS

HF or VHF, Manpack, Low-Power,R-104M or R-107 8 4 4

HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M

HF, Vehicle-Mount, Medium-Power.R-130

HF, Van-Mount. High-Power, R-118 2 1 1

HF/VHF. Vehicle-Mount, Medium-Power 12 2 2

HF/VHF, Vehicle-Mount, High-Power 4 2 2

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power. R-107 170 75 30

VHF, Vehicle-Mount, Medium-Power.R-123 3 474 252 165

Warning Receiver, R-311 26 13 12

Radio Relay. VHF/UHF. R-401/405 4 2 2

Radio Telegraph

Communications Center, SignalDistribution Van

VHF, Portable, Low-Power. R-148 148 60

Radio Transceiver. Portable, Very-Low-Power. R-147 24 12

4-44

FM 100-2-3

Division Headquarters, MRD and TD

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentSAM, SA-7/GRAIL or ...........

SA-14/GREMLIN or SA-16ATGL, RPG-7V.................5.45-mm LMG, RPK-74.........APC. BTR-50/60/70 ............Truck, UAZ-69/469Truck, GAZ-66Truck, KrAZ/ZIL/UraI...........Truck, Van, ZIL/Ural (Command)Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance) ....

Truck, Van, UAZ-452............

Total Equipment T......... 6 Truck, POL..............................

Truck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452......... 3 Sedan, GAZ-24..................................... 3 Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle................................ 3 Trailer, Generator, 2-Axle............................ 12 Trailer, Generator, 1-Axle.................... . 9 Trailer, POL.......... 4 Trailer, Water..................................... 12 Trailer, Kitchen............................ . 1 Radio:.2 VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-123 ..

NOTE. The signal battalion provides C2 vehicles for the division commander and key membersof his staff. The division headquarters company (approximately 105 personnel) usesthe equipment listed on this page to provide administrative/logistic support to head-quarters elements.

CHIEF OF1st SECTIONOPERATIONS

CHIEF OFMISSILE TROOPSAND ARTILLERY

Total. 1

. 1

.24

.2

.1

. 1

. 1

DIVISIONHEADQUARTERS

245

Non-SubordinateDIVISION

COMMANDER

3 FIRST DEPUTYCOMMANDER

POLITICAL STAFF

DEPUTY COMMANDERFOR POLITICAL AFFAIRSAND POLITICAL STAFF

CHIEF I

DIVISION

IF

1 I

CHIEF OF2d SECTION

INTELLIGENCE

CHIEF OFRECONNAISSANCE

TROOPS

CHIEF OF4th SECTION

ORGANIZATION

KEY- -Dashed lines between

blocks indicate relationshipswith elements which are notactually part of the division.

REAR STAFF

rCoordinates

STAFF mmmmmmmin

STAFF

CHIEF OFTOPOGRAPHIC

SECTION

DEPUTY COMMANDERFOR THE REAR

CHIEF OF

CRYPTOGRAPHICSECTION

DEPUTY COMMANDERFOR ARMAMENTS

CHIEF OFHEADQUARTERS

ADMINISTRATIONAND FINANCE SECTION

DEPUTY COMMANDERFOR

TECHNICAL MATTERS

HEADQUARTERSCOMMANDANT/HEADQUARTERS

COMPANY

JI I CHIEFS OF ARMS AND SERVICES

CHIEF OFSIGNAL TROOPS

CHIEF OFAIR DEFENSE

TROOPS

CHIEF OFENGINEER TROOPS

CHIEF OCHEMICAL TROOPS

CHIEF OF MISSILEAND ARTILLERY

ARMAMENT SERVICE

CHIEF OFFINANCE SERVICE

COMMANDER OFHELICOPTER

ELEMENT/SQUADRON

FOOTNOTES, "These three sections assist the division commander, but they are not subordi-nate to him. Corresponding offices at Army supervise them. The KGB Counter-intelligence Detachment (Special Staff) normally consists of about 16 personnel.The personnel totals for the division do not include these personnel.The First Deputy Commander is a peacetime position only.

"'The chief of the intelligence section is also the chief of reconnaissancetroops.

""The chief of the signal section is also the chief of signal troops."'"The division headquarters company includes personnel who peform traffic

control duties.

rm-m m m

4-45

* * * *

1 1m-- T-

I

I .

CHIEF OF

3d SECTION

SIGNAL

FM 100-2-3

Tank Regiment (T-64/72/80), MRD

The TR of the MRD provides the division witha highly integrated armor threat in addition tothe TBs that are organic to the MRRs. The TRhas three TBs of 31 medium tanks each. It alsohas a battalion of 18 2S1 122-mm SP howitzers.

This TR (of the MRD) lacks organic motorizedrifle assets. It does have reconnaissance, air de-fense, signal, engineer, and chemical protectionassets as well as a limited CSS capability similarto that found in the MRR.

TANKREGIMENT

1143

REGIMENTAL TANKHEADQUARTERS BATTALION

65 11 135page 4-14

page 4-108

RECONNAISSANCE ENGINEERCOMPANY COMPANY

55 p 70

page 4-19 page 421

U

4

SP HOWITZER* AIR DEFENSE MISSILEBATTALION (122-mm) AND ARTILLERY BATTERY

220 60

page 4-36 page 4-18

SIGNAL CHEMICALCOMPANY PROTECTION PLATOON

50 24

page 4-22 page 4-23

MATERIEL MAINTENANCE REGIMENTASUPPORT COMPANY COMPANY MEDICAL POINT

90 70 34

page 4-23 page 4-24 page 4-25

NOTES. 1. If this TR has T-54/55/62 tanks, personnel strength will increase by 94 enlistedpersonnel.

2. Approximately 150 personnel in the regiment are officers3. Starting in 1989, the Soviets are converting the TR, MRD to a BMP-equipped

MRR.

FOOTNOTE. iln some TRs, the howitzer battalion may still have the 122-mm towed howitzerD-30. (See p. 4-16 for the organization and equipment of a D-30 howitzerbattalion.)

4-46

FM 100-2-3

Personnel and Equipment Recapitulation

TAKRGMN .(T-64/72/80), MRD °'4

PERSONNEL 65 405 220 60 55 70 50 24 90 70 34 1,143

TANKS

Medium Tank, T-64/72/80 1 93 9

WEAPONS

122-mm SP Howitzer 2S1 18 1

SAM, SA-9/GASKIN TEL orSA-13/GOPHER TELAR 44

SPAA Gun, ZSU-23-4 or 2S6 44

SAM, SA-7/GRAIL orSA-14/GREMLIN or SA-16 33

ATGL, RPG-7V 6 18 4 4 43

5.45-mm LMG, RPK-74 18 3 2

AC V/A IC V/A PC/ASC/ACR V

ACV, BMP/BRDM/BTR 6 3 - 32

ACV, BRM-1* 1

AICV, BMP-1/BMP-2 33

APC, BTR-50/60/70/80 1 34

APC, BTR-60 PA (FAC) 1

MRP, PRP-3 (BMP M1975)-* 1

ASC, BRDM-2 44

ACRV, 1V12 Series 88

GENERAL PURPOSE TRUCKS

Truck, UAZ-69/469 3 1 1 5 2 11

Truck, GAZ-66 7 2 3 41 1

Truck, ZIL-130/131/151/157 21 4 45 1 2 7

Truck, Ural-375 1 20 12

Truck. KrAZ/ZIL/Ural 99

VAN TRUCKS

Truck, Van, GAZ 31 4

Truck, Van, ZIL (Command) 3 2Truck. Van, ZIL (Signal)

2 2cn i u d

*This vehicle includes the TALL MIKE radar, whic~h appears separately in this list."This vehicle includes the SMALL FRED radar, which appears separately in this list.

4-47

FM 100-2-3

Personnel and Equipment Recapitulation (continued)

TANK REGIMENT(T-64/72/80), MRD

- <v4 Z ,v v

'7Ao AZ'

AA 'b k ° o I $ -~ .%

Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance) _ __ 3 2 1 1 12 19

Truck, Van, Kitchen, PAC-170/200 _ __ 3 - - - - - - - - -3

P01 TRUCKS

Truck. POL, ZIL/Ural/KrAZ 9 2 - - - - - 15 _ __ __ 26

DECONTAMINATION TRUCKS

Truck, Decontamination 4 1 5

CHEMICAL RECONNAISSANCEVEHICLES

Chemical Reconnaissance VehicleBRDM-2rkh/RKhM _____3 - - - 3

MISC SPECIAL PURPOSEVEHICLES- -

Truck, Water Tank - 4

Truck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452 _ __ 3 1 _ __ - - - ___ - - 4 8

Truck. Crane. K-61 _____1 1

Truck, Crane Shovel, E-350V 2 2

Truck, Dump. MMZ-555 2 2

Sedan, GAZ-24 1 - - - - - -- - -1

Motorcycle 3 _ __ 3 _____6

Armored Recovery Vehicle 5 _ _ 5

ENGINEER EQUIPMENT - - - ___- - - - - - -___

Bridge. Tank-aunched. MTU/MT-55 3 _____3

Bridge. Truck-Launched, TMM _____4 4

Ditching Machine, BM/MDK 1 1

Dozer, BAT/BATM/PKT - - -- 1 - - - - -1

Bucket Excavator, PZM33

Minectearing Plow, KMT4/6 27 27

Mine Roller-Plow, KMT-5M -9 ____ - ___ __ 9

Minelaver. Towed, PMR-3 -3 3

Water Filtration Set, MAFS _ ___1 1

TRAILERS

Trailer. P0L 2 15 17

(continued)

4-48

FM 100-2-3

Personnel and Equipment Recapitulation (continued)

cA,

TANK REGIMENT4y . Qu z(T-64/72/80), MRD ~VQ ioz P O Q , Qa

A, q. 1,0$,C j ,

Trailer, Cargo, 1-Axle 3 3

Trailer. Cargo, 2-Axle 18 10 2 30 6 66

Trailer, Generator, 1-Axle 3 1 2 6

Trailer, Generator, 2-Axle 2 1 1 4

Trailer, Water 3 1 1 1 6

Trailer, Field Kitchen 3 2 1 6

ARTILLERY ASSOCIATEDEQUIPMENT

Rangefinder 4 4

RADARS

Battlefield Surveillance, TALL MIKE 1 1

Battlefield Surveillance, SMALL FRED 1 1

RADIOS

HF or VHF, Manpack, Low-Power,R-104M or R-107 4 4

HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M 6 1 2 1 10

HF, Vehicle-Mount, Medium-Power,R-130 1 15 1 2 19

HF, Van-Mount, High-Power, R-118 1 1

HF/VHF, Vehicle-Mount, Medium-Power 2 2

HF/VHF, Vehicle-Mount, High-Power 2 2

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 2 3 10 2 3 7 1 1 1 30

VHF, Vehicle-Mount. Medium-Power,R-123 2 99 28 11 7 7 2 4 5 165

Warning Receiver, R-311 3 2 3 1 3 12

Radio Relay, VHF/UHF, R-401/405 2 2

4-49

FM 100-2-3

Artillery Regiment, MRD and TD

The artillery regiment of an MRD normallyconsists of three battalions of 152-mm SP howitzers(2S3) and one battalion of 122-mm rocket launchers(BM-21). In a TD, it normally has only two bat-talions of 2S3s and one battalion of BM-21s. How-

page 4-53

ARTILLERYRECONNAISSANCE

BATTERY

100

page 4-59

MOTORTRANSPORT COMPANY

60

page 4-61

ever, some divisions may not yet conform to thisstandard; such divisions may still have one ormore battalions with older weapon systems suchas the 122-mm towed howitzer D-30.

page 4-54**

MAINTENANCECOMPANY

40

page 4-60

REGIMENTALMEDICAL POINT

34

page 4-25

page 4-23 page 4-61

FOOTNOTES: *Motorized rifle/tank division.

**See p. 4-16 for the organization of a D-30-equipped 122-mm howitzer

battalion that may still exist in some divisions in place of a 152-mm SP

howitzer battalion.

4-50

FM 100-2-3

Personnel and Equipment Recapitulation

ARTILLERY REGIMENT,MRD AND TD

J

A% A%

m oQ o s o oQ' oZ

.j!i A, AZ 'r

't V

4tj AV 4:V

0 i44 q4

AZ 4t. .4 4

corn ry , tih °mQ Q" yoy , A A:

PERSONNEL 75 460 / 690 255 100 60 40 34 18 20 1,062/1,292

WEAPONS

152-mm SP Howitzer, 2S3 * 36 / 54365

122-mm Rocket Launcher, BM-21 ______ 18 1

ATGL, RPG-7V 4 __36_/_54 44/6

5.45-mm LMG, RPK-74 36 / 54 ___ 2 38/56

AC V/APC/ACR V_____

ACRV, M1979 (1/2/3) 8 8

ACRV, 1V12 Series 16 / 24 _____16/24

ACV, BTR-60/70/80 3 _______ 1 2 6

APC, MT-LB M1975** ______1 -

MRP, PRP-3 (BMP M1975)*** 2 / 3 1 3/4

GENERAL PURPOSE TRUCKS_____

Truck, UAZ-69/469 6 2 / 3 5 6 1 1 21/22

Truck, GAZ-66 2 14 / 21 6 7 1 1 _____31/38

Truck, ZIL/Ural 1 4 / 6 36 3 2 3 49/51

Truck, ZIL-130/131/151/157 8 8

Truck, Ural-375 36 / 54 36 _____72/90

VAN TRUCKS

Truck, Van, GAZ 2 4 2 1 9

Truck, Van, ZIL/Ural 1 4 / 6 2 6 _____13/15

Truck, Van, GAZ (Command) _______ 1 _____1

Truck, Van, GAZ (Signal) ______ 2 _____2

Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance) _______ 3 3

(continued)

FOOTNOTES. *Some artillery regiments may have one battalion of eighteen 122-mm towedhowitzers D-30 instead of one of the 2S3 battalions. Some 2S3 battalionsmay have 24 tubes rather than the 18 shown here.

"This vehicle includes the BIG FRED radar, which appears separately in thislist.

*This vehicle includes the SMALL FRED radar, which appears separately inthis list.

4-51

FM 100-2-3

Personnel and Equipment Recapitulation (continued)

ARTILLERY REGIMENT,MRD AND TD

POL TRUCKS

Truck, POL, ZIL/Ural

SPECIAL PURPOSE VEHICLES

Armored Recovery Vehicle

Truck, Decontamination

Chemical Reconnaissance Vehicle,BRDM-2rkh/RKhM 1

Truck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452

Truck, ZIL-130/131 (Water)

Truck, Van, UAZ-452 (Computer)

TRAILERS

Trailer, POL

Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle

Trailer. Generator, 1-Axle

Trailer, Generator. 2-Axle

Trailer, Water

Trailer, Field Kitchen

ARTILLERY-ASSOCIATEDEQUIPMENT

Rangefinder, Laser, SAGE GLOSS

Sound Ranging Set

Radar Direction Finder

RADARS

Radar, Meteorological., END TRAY

Radar, .Battlefield Surveillance.BIG FRED

Radar, Battlefield Surveillance.SMALL FRED

Radar. Countermortar/Counterbattery

RADIOS

HF. Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M 1

(continued)

4-52

FM 100-2-3

Personnel and Equipment Recapitulation (continued)

ARTILLERY REGIMENT, A. A_Quo 0 0 01

MRD AND TD

,~ I 9"q $~ig ~ A Q2 VP . ~

HF, Vehicle-Mount, Medium-Power,R-130 5 5

HF/VHF, Vehicle-Mount, Medium-Power 3 2 5_______

HF/VHF, Vehicle-Mount, High-Power 1 1

VHF, Portable, Low-Power. R-148or Very-Low-Power, R-126 1 1

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 6 20 / 30 18 13 1 1 1 60/70

VHF, Vehicle-Mount, Medium-Power,R-123 3 56 / 84 4 1 64/92

Warning Receiver, R-311 1 4 / 6 1 1 7/9

Radio Relay, VHF/UHF. R-401/405 1 1

Command and Control Battery, Artillery Regiment, MRD and TD

COMMAND

AND CONTROL

BATTERY

75

REGIMENTAL HEADQUARTERS

HEADQUARTERS BATTERY

20 55

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment Total Equipment Total

ATGL, RPG-7V ..................................... 4 Radios:

ACV, BTR-50/60 ................................. 2 HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M........... 1

Truck, UAZ-69/469.................... " ... " .. 6 HF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-130 .... 5

Truck, GAZ-66............................. 2 HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power....... 3

Truck, ZIL/Ural ............................... 1 HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, High-Power ......... 1

Chemical Recon Vehicle, BRDM-2rkh/RKhM ..... 1 VHF, Portable, Low-Power, R-148 or

Truck, Van, GAZ .................................. 2 Very-Low-Power, R-126 ................... 1

Truck, Van, ZIL ................................ 1 VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107............6

Trailer, Cargo.................................. 1 VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-123 ... 3

Rangefinder, Laser, SAGE GLOSS ................ 1 Warning Receiver, R-311 ................... 1Radio Relay, VHF/UHF, R-401/405 ........... 1

4-53

FM 100-2-3

152-mm SP Howitzer Battalion.Artillery Regiment, MRD and TD

SP HOWITZERBATTALION(152-mm)

230

SUPPLY ANDMAINTENANCE PLATOON

20

BATTERY

Page 4-55

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment Total152-mm SP Howitzer, 2S3* .................. 18ATGL, RPG-7V............................ 185.45-mm LMG, RPK-74 ..................... 18Mobile Reconnaissance Post, PRP-3

(BMP M1975)** ................ 1ACRV, 1V13............................... 3ACRV, 1V14 ............................... 3ACRV, 1V15 ............................... 1ACRV, 1V16............................... 1Truck, UAZ-69/469......................... 1Truck, GAZ-66............................. 7Truck, ZIL/Ural ............................ 20Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance).................2

Equipment TotalTruck, POL................................ 2Truck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452 ............. 1Trailer, Cargo............................. 10Trailer, Water.............................. 1Trailer, Field Kitchen........................ 3Trailer, POL ................................ 2Rangefinder, Laser, SAGE GLOSS.............. 4Radar, Battlefield Surveillance, SMALL FRED .... 1Radios:

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 .......... 10VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power,

Warning Receiver, R-311 1...................2

FOOTNOTES. *Some 2S3 battalions may have 24 tubes rather than the 18 shown here."This vehicle includes the SMALL FRED radar, which appears separately inthis list.

4-54

BATTALIONHEADQUARTERS

10

HEADQUARTERSPLATOON

20

FM 100-2-3

152-mm SP Howitzer Battery, 152-mm SPBattalion, Artillery Regiment, MRD and TD

PLATON GUNhI HEADQUARTERS SECTION'

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment152-mm SP Howitzer, 2S3' .......ATGL, RPG-7V...................5.45-mm LMG, RPK-74 ...........ACRV, M1974 (1) ................ACRV, 1V14.....................Truck, GAZ-66...................

Total... .6

6.... .6

Equipment TotalTruck, Ural-375................................6Trailer, Cargo.................................1Rangefinder, Laser, SAGE GLOSS................1Radios:

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107.............2VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-123 ... 8

FOOTNOTE. 'Some 2S3 battalions may have expanded from 6-tube to 8-tube batteries, addinga fourth gun section to each firing platoon.

4-55

FM 100-2-3

Rocket Launcher Battalion,Artillery Regiment, MRD and TD

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment122-mm Rocket Launcher (40-Round) BM-21ACV, BTR-60/70/80...........ACRVACRVACRVTruck,Truck,Truck,Truck,Truck,Truck,Truck,

M1979 (1).............M1979 (2).............M1979 (3).............UAZ-69/469..........GAZ-66...............ZIL-130/131 /151l/157 .Ural-375..............Van, GAZ (Command) ...

Van, GAZ (Signal) ...ZIL (Maintenance) ...

Total

1

... 3

EquipmentTruck, POL ............................Truck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452.........Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle...................Trailer, Generator, 2-Axle ...............Trailer, Water ..........................Trailer, POL, 2-Axle .....................Trailer, Kitchen ........................Radios:

HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power .VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107........Warning Receiver, R-311 1.............

4-56

Total

... 36

.. 18

FM 100-2-3

Headquarters and Headquarters Platoon, Rocket LauncherBattalion, Artillery Regiment, MRD and TD

HEADQUARTERS& HEADQUARTERS

PLATOON25

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Total

1

.. 1... 1... 1... 1... 1... 2

EquipmentACV, BTR-60/70/80 ............ACRV, M1979 (2) ..............ACRV, M1979 (3) .............Truck, UAZ-69/469 .............

Truck, ZIL-130/131/151/157 ....

Truck, Van, GAZ (Command) .....

Truck, Van, GAZ (Signal) ..........

Equipment Total

Truck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452 ............. 1

Trailer, Generator, 2-Axle ..................... 1

Radios:HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power ...... 2

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 ........... 5

W arning Receiver, R-311 ................... 1

Firing Battery, Rocket Launcher Battalion,Artillery Regiment, MRD and TD

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment Total

122-mm Rocket Launcher (40-Round) BM-21 .... 6

ACRV, M1979 (1) ............................ 1

ACRV, M1979 (2) ............................ 1

Truck, UAZ-69/469 .......................... 1

Truck, GAZ-66 ..... ................... 2

Equipment Total

Truck, Ural-375 ................. ........... 6

Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle ........................ 6

Radio:VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 ........... 4

4-57

FM 100-2-3

Service Battery, Rocket Launcher Battalion,Artillery Regiment, MRD and TD

BATTERY MOTOR TRANSPORT MAINTENANCE SUPPLY AND

HEADQUARTERS PLATOON PLATOON SERVICE SECTION

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentTruck, UAZ-69/469............Truck, ZIL-130/131/151/157 ....Truck, Ural-375...............Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance) ....Truck, POL...................Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle...........

Total

....... 7

...... 18...... 3

...... 18

Equipment TotalTrailer, Generator, 2-Axle ..................... 1Trailer, Water.............................. 1Trailer, POL, 2-Axle .......................... 2Trailer, Kitchen .............................. 3Radio:

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 ........... 1

4-58

FM 100-2-3

Artillery Reconnaissance Battery,Artillery Regiment, MRD and TD

ARTILLERYRECONNAISSANCE

BATTERY100

BATTERY COMMUNICATIONSHEADQUARTERS PLATOON

SOUND RANGING SURVEILLANCEPLATOON RADAR SECTION

RECONNAISSANCE TOPOGRAPHIC I I METEOROLOGICAL I I RADARPLATOON SURVEY PLATOON SURVEY PLATOON SECTION

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentACV, BTR-60/70/80 ............APC, Radar, MT-LB M1975*......Mobile Recon Post, PRP-3**

(BMP M1975)................Truck, UAZ-69/469.............Truck, GAZ-66.................Truck, Van, GAZ................Truck, Van, UAZ-452 (Computer)..Trailer. Generator, 1-Axle........Rangefinder, Laser, SAGE GLOSS

Total Equipment Total

"" 2 Sound Ranging Set........................... 1" 1 Radar, Direction Finder........................ 3

Radar, Meteorological. END TRAY .............. 11 Radar, Battlefield Surveillance, BIG FRED........ 16 Radar, Battlefield Surveillance, SMALL FRED .... 17 Radar, Countermortar/Counterbattery............ 1

" 4 Radios:1 VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107............132 VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-123 ... 4

... 2 Warning Receiver, R-311 .................... 1

FOOTNOTES. *This vehicle includes the BIG FRED radar, which appears separately in thislist.

**This vehicle includes the SMALL FRED radar, which appears separately inthis list.

4-59

_ ___ __ _ _

FM 100-2-3

Maintenance Company,Artillery Regiment, MRD and TD

MAINTENANCECOMPANY

40

_____ m

COMPANY VEHICLEHEADQUARTERS MAINTENANCE

PLATOON

HOWITZER WEAPONS/OPTICALMAINTENANCE EQUIPMENT

PLATOON PLATOON

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentATGL, RPG-7V .................5.45-mm LMG, RPK-74 ..........Truck, UAZ-69/469 .............Truck, ZIL/Ural .................Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance) ....

Truck, Van, GAZ ...............

Total............. 4.. ... ........ 2..... ... ... .. 1

........ ..... 3

............. 6

.. .......... 2

Equipment Total

Armored Recovery Vehicle .................... 1

Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle ........................ 3

Trailer, Generator, 2-Axle ..................... 2

Radio:VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 ............ 1

4-60

I

II

FM 100-2-3

Motor Transport Company,Artillery Regiment, MRD and TD

COMP+N W]Y TRANSPORT P& 7 SERVICE ANDI HEADQUARTERS I PLATOON IIPLATOON MAINTENANCE

,j SECTION

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentTruck, UAZ-69/469................Truck, GAZ-66..........Truck, ZIL/Ural....................Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance)..Truck, ZIL-130/131 (Water).........

Total

36

Equipment

Truck, POL . . . . . . . . . . .Trailer, POL ......................Trailer, Cargo.....................Radio:

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107

Total

... .. . . 8

... .. . .8

... . . .30

... .. . . 1

Supply and Service Platoon,Artillery Regiment, MRD and TD

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment TotalTruck, ZIL/ Ural................................3Trailer, Cargo..................................1

Equipment TotalTrailer, Water.................................1Trailer, Field Kitchen...........................2

4-61

FM 100-2-3

SAM Regiment (SA-6), MRD and TD

The SAM regiment makes up an important partof an extensive air defense envelope over the bat-tlefield. This chapter depicts the SA-6 SAM regi-ment as standard at division level. However, manydivisional SAM regiments have the SA-8 as an al-ternative to the SA-6. Antiaircraft artillery (AAA)

regiments equipped with the 57-mm towed antiair-craft gun S-60 still exist in some divisions in rearareas. Although the SA-6 SAM regiment appearshere, this chapter also provides organization chartsand equipment tables for the SA-8 SAM regiment(p. 4-101) and the S-60 AAA regiment (p. 4-104).

REGIMENTAL ARTILLERY MISSILE TECHNICAL MISSILE FIRING

HEADQUARTERS RECONNAISSANCE BATTERY BATTERY(TARGET ACQUISITION/

60 EARLY WARNING) BATTERY 85 3055

page 4-65 page 4 66 page 4-67

page 4-68

MOTOR TRANSPORT MAINTENANCE CHEMICAL PROTECTIONCOMPANY COMPANY PLATOON

80 50 24

page 4 69 page 4-69 page 4 23

NOTE. Since 1979, a very limited number of SAM regiments have deployed the new SA-6bSAM alongside the SA-6a.

4-62

FM 100-2-3

Personnel and Equipment Recapitulation

SAM REGIMENT (SA-6),MRD AND TD

% / A Clj 2 0

0Z oA yv

PERSONNEL 60 5 85 150 80 50 24 504

WEAPONS

SAM, SA-6a/GAINFUJL TEL or SA-6b/GAINFUL TELAR ____20 __ 20

SAM, SA-/GRAIL or SA-14/GREMLINor SA-16 3 15 21

ACV

ACV, BRDM-2 - - - 5 __ - - 5

ACV, BTR-GOPA - - - __

GENERAL PURPOSE TRUCKS

Truck. UAZ-69/469 j. j___ 1 1 _____ 7

Truck, GAZ-66 3 1 6 5 1 3 19

Truck. ZI-5/1 7 3

Truck, KrAZ/ZIL/Ural 5 __ 33 _____ 38

VAN TRUCKS

Truck. Van. Ural/ZIL 2... 6 4~i. -b...Truck, Van (Signal) - - - - -4

Truck. Van, UZ45 (Comouter) -- - - - -

POL TRUCKS

Truck, P01, ZIL/Ural 15 15

SPECIAL PURPOSE TRUCKS

Truck, Tractor. Canister Transport ____ -

Truck. Missile Transloader, ZIL-131 _ __5 10 15

Truck. Crane, Ural-375 2 2

Truck. Decontamination _____4 4

CHEMICAL RECONNAISSANCEVEHICLES

Chemical Reconnaissance Vehicle,BRDM-2rkh/RKhM ____3 3

(continued)

4-63

FM 100-2-3

Personnel and Equipment Recapitulation (continued)

SAM REGIMENT (SA-6),MRD AND TD

c, ° 'o o

4i C'

TRAILERS

Semitrailer, Canister Transporter 15 15Trailer. POL. 2-Axle 7 7Trailer. Van, 2-Axle 4 1 1 5 2 13Trailer. Cargo, 2-Axle 1 1 5 5 3 15Trailer, Generator, 1-Axle 2 1 3 7 -

Trailer. Water 3 1 4Trailer, Kitchen 1 1 2 5 1 1 11RADARS

Radar, Aerial Surv/Target Acq.,LONG TRACK 2 2

Radar, Height-Finding, THIN SKIN 1

Radar. Fire Control. STRAIGHT FLUSH 5

RADIOS

HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M 2 1 3HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-

Power 4 4HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, High-

Power 2

VHF. Portable, Low-Power, R-148 3

VHF. Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 1 2 1 5 i 1 1VHF. Vehicle Mount. Medium-PowerR-123 1 3 30 3

Warning Receiver. R-311 2 5 7Radio Relay, VHF/UHF. R-401/405 1 1

V.

4-64

Regimental Headquarters,SAM Regiment (SA-6), MRD and TD

FM 100-2-3

COMMOON PLATOON SERVICE SECTION

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentSAM, SA-7/GRAIL or SA-14/GREMLINor SA-16..........................

ACV, BTR-60 PA....................Truck, UAZ-69/469..................Truck, GAZ-66......................Truck, Van, Ural-375.................Truck, Van, Ural-375 (Signal) .. .... .Truck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452 ....

Trailer, Van, 2-Axle..................

Total Equipment TotalTrailer, Generator, 1 -Axle.......................2

3 Trailer, Kitchen............................... 11 Radios:1 HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power........43 HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, High-Power...........2

.2 VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107.............14 VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-123 .. 12 Warning Receiver, R-31 1.....................24 Radio Relay, VHF/UHF, R-401/405 ............. 1

4-65

FM 100-2-3

Artillery Reconnaissance (Target Acquisition/Early Warning) Battery,SAM Regiment (SA-6), MRD and TD

ARTILLERYRECONNAISSANCE

(TARGETACQUISITION/

EARLY WARNING)BATTERY

55

BATTERY TARGET ACQUISITION RECONNAISSANCE MAINTENANCE ANDHEADQUARTERS PLATOON PLATOON SERVICE SECTION

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentTruck, UAZ-69/469 .............Truck, GAZ-66 .................Truck, Van, Ural-375 (Maintenance)Truck, Van, UAZ-452 (Computer) ..Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle ...........Trailer, Van, 2-Axle .............Trailer, Kitchen .................

Total.. 3

.. 1

.. 1

.. 1

.. 1

.. 1

.. 1

Equipment TotalRadios:

HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M ........... 2

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 ........... 2

VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-123 ... 3

Radars:Radar, Aerial Surveillance/Target Acq.,

LONG TRACK .......................... 2

Radar, Height Finding, THIN SKIN ............ 1

4-66

FM 100-2-3

Missile Technical Battery,SAM Regiment (SA-6), MRD and TD

!IMISSILE

ATTERY PREPARATIONHEADQUARTERS PLATOON

MISSILE TESTING MISSILE TRANSPORT/PLATOON RESUPPLY PLATOON

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentSAM, SA-7/GRAIL or SA-14/GREMLINor SA-16 ................................

Truck, UAZ-69/469 ........................Truck, GAZ-66 ............................Truck, ZIL/Ural ............................Truck, Crane, Ural-375 .....................Truck, Van, Ural (Missile Testing) ............Truck-Tractor, SA-6 Canister Transporter,

ZIL-157/131V .........................Truck, SA-6 Missile Transloader, ZIL-131 .....

Total EquipmentTrailer, Cargo, 2-Axle ..............

.. 3 Trailer, Generator, 1-Axle ..........

.. 1 Trailer, Van, 2-Axle ................

.. 6 Trailer, Kitchen ....................

.. 5 Semitrailer, SA-6 Canister Transporter

.. 2 Radios:

.. 6 VHF, Portable, Low-Power, R-148 ..VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107

Total

. . ..... .. 1

...... .... 1

.......... 1

.......... 2

......... 15

. ..... .. 3

. ....... . 1

4-67

FM 100-2-3

Missile Firing Battery,SAM Regiment (SA-6), MRD and TD

MISSILE FIRINGBATTERY

30

U

BATTERYHEADQUARTERS

MISSILE FIRINGPLATOON

LI

FIRE CONTROLSECTION

SERVICE SECTION

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentSAM, SA-6a/GAINFUL TEL or SA-6b/GAINFULTELAR .................................

SAM, SA-7/GRAIL or SA-14/GREMLIN orSA-16 ..................................

ACV, BRDM-2 ..............................Truck, GAZ-66 ................ ..........

Truck, Van, Ural/ZIL .......................Truck, Missile Transloader, ZIL-131 ..........

Total EquipmentTrailer, Cargo, 2-Axle ..............

4 Trailer, Van, 2-Axle ............ ...

Trailer, Kitchen ...................... 3 Radar, Fire Control, STRAIGHT FLUSH

1 Radios:1 VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-1071 VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power,2 Warning Receiver, R-311 .........

4-68

AIR DEFENSESQUAD

Total. . .. .. .. .. 1

.......... 1

.......... 1

. .... ..... 1

.......... 1

R-123 ... 6

.......... 1

FM 100-2-3

Motor Transport Company,SAM Regiment (SA-6), MRD and TD

MOTORTRANSPORTCOMPANY

80

CARGO TRANSPORT POL TRANSPORPLATOON PLATOON

SUPPORT SECTION

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentTruck, UAZ-69/469 ......Truck, GAZ-66 ..........Truck, ZIL/Ural/KrAZ .....Truck, POL, ZIL/Ural .....Truck, Van, Ural/ZIL .....Truck, Van (Maintenance) .Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle ....

Total

.,. 1

.. 3315

... 4

.. 3

, 5

T MAINTENANCE ANDSERVICE PLATOON

EquipmentTrailer, POL, 2-Axle ................Trailer, Generator, 1-Axle ...........Trailer, Water, 1-Axle ..............Trailer, Kitchen ................ ...Trailer, Van, 2-Axle ............ ..Radio:

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107

Total.......... 7

... ....... 3

.......... 3

.......... 1

.......... 2

. . . . .. . . . . 1

Maintenance Company,SAM Regiment (SA-6), MRD and TD

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment TotalTruck, UAZ-69/469 .......................... 1Truck, GAZ-66 .............................. 1Truck, ZIL-151/157 .......................... 3Truck, Van, Ural or ZIL (Maintenance) .......... 8Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle ........................ 3

Equipment TotalTrailer, Generator, 1-Axle ..................... 7Trailer, Water ............................. 1Trailer, Kitchen .............................. 1Radio:

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 ........... 1

4-69

COMPANYHEADQUARTERS

I

FM 100-2-3

SSM Battalion, MRD and TD

The SSM battalion consists of two firing bat-teries of two launchers each. The SS-21 hasreplaced the FROG in divisions opposite NATO.The SS-21 has greater range and accuracy than

the FROG. Armies in WGF are consolidatingdivision-level SS-21 battalions into army-level SSMbrigades.

page 4-71

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentFROG/SSM TEL, FROG-7/7B or SS-21/

SCARAB ................... .......

Truck, UAZ-69/469 .................Truck, GAZ-66 ......................Truck, ZIL/Ural .....................Truck, Van, GAZ .....................Truck, Van, ZIL ......................Truck, Van, UAZ-452 .................Truck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452 .....Truck, POL .........................Truck, Crane, Ural-375 ...............FROG/SSM Transport Vehicle .........

Total Equipment Total

Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle ........................ 2Trailer, Generator, 2-Axle .................... 4Trailer, Water .............................. 1Trailer, Kitchen ............................. 1Radar, Meteorological, END TRAY .............. 2Radios:

HF/VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M ....... 2HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power ...... 4

HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, High-Power ......... 1

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 .......... 17

W arning Receiver, R-311 ................... 1Radio Relay, VHF/UHF, R-401/405 ........... 1

4-70

FM 100-2-3

SSM Firing Battery, SSM Battalion, MRD and TD

BATTERYHEADQUARTERS

METEOROLOGICAL SURVEY SECTION LAUNHESCTOSECTION

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment TotalFROG/SSM TEL, FROG-7/7B3 or SS-21/

SCARAB ................................. 2Truck, UAZ-69/469......................... 1Truck, GAZ-66............................. 1Truck, ZIL/ Ural ............................. 1Truck, Van, GAZ ............................ 1

Equipment TotalTruck, Van, ZIL............................. 1Truck, Van, UAZ-452 ........................ 2Trailer, Generator........................... 1Radar, Meteorological, END TRAY .............. 1Radio:

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107............ 6

4-71

FM 100-2-3

Antitank Battalion, MRD

The division antitank battalion exists only inthe MRD. The standard structure is now two 6-gunbatteries of 100-mm antitank guns (T-12/MT-12)and one 9-vehicle battery of mounted ATGM sys-tems. The latter may consist of the AT-3/SAGGERor the newer AT-5/SPANDREL mounted on the

BRDM-2 chassis. The prime mover for the T-12/MT-12 antitank gun is normally the MT-LB.

Some MRDs may not yet have vehicle-mountedATGMs in the antitank battalion. In such cases,the battalion consists of three 6-gun batteries ofT-12/MT-12.

I x ACV, BTR60PU/BRDM-2

2 Truck, UAZ-69/469IxHF, Vehicle Mount,

Medium-Power, R1302 x HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount,

Medium Power1 x VHF, Manpack, Low-

Power, R-1071 x VHF, Vehicle Mount,

Medium-Power, R-123I xWarning Receiver, R-311

(Each Battery) 9 x ATGM Launcher Vehicle 1 x Truck, UAZ-69/4696 x100-mm Antitank

Gun, T-12/MT-127 x Prime Mover, MT-LB/AT-P1 x Truck, ZIL-131/1571 x Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle1 x Rangefinder1 x Radar, Battlefield

Surveillance, Man-Portable PSNR-1

1 x VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107

7 x VHF, Vehicle Mount,Medium-Power, R-123

(BRDM-2), AT-3/59 x ATGL, RPG-7V4 x ACV, BRDM-23 x Truck, ZIL-131/1571 x Truck, Van, IlL

ATGM Simulator1 x Rangetinder1 x Radar, Battlefield

Surveillance, Man-Portable PSNR-1

4 VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107

13 x VHF, Vehicle Mount,Medium-Power, R-123

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment TotalATGM Launcher Vehicle (BRDM-2), AT-3/5 ..... 9100-mm Antitank Gun, T-12/MT-12........... 12

ATGL, RPG-7V.............................. 9ACV, BTR-6OPU/BRDM-2 ..................... 5Prime Mover, MT-LB/AT-P ................... 14

Truck, UAZ-69/469 .......................... 3Truck, GAZ-66 .............................. 4Truck, ZIL-131/157........................ 11Truck, Ural-375............................. 1

Truck, Van, GAZ............................ 2Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance)................. 2Truck, POL................................ 2

Truck. Van, ZIL, ATGM Simulator ........... 1

Truck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452............. 1

Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle.......................10

4 x Truck, GAZ-666 x Truck, ZIL-131/1571 x Truck, Ural-3752 x Truck, Van, GAZ2 x Truck, Van, ZIL

(Maintenance)2 x Truck, POL1xTruck, Ambulance,

UAZ-450A/4528 x Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle1 x Trailer, POL, 2-Axle1 x Trailer, Generator, 2-Axle1 x Trailer, Water2 x Trailer, Kitchen1 HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount,

Medium-Power3 x VHF, Manpack,

Low-Power, R-1071 x Radio Relay, VHF/UHF

EquipmentTrailer, POL, 2-Axle ......................Trailer, Generator, 2-AxleTrailer, Water.........................Trailer, Kitchen.......................Rangefinder...........................Radar, Battlefield Surveillance,

Man-Portable PSNR-1.................Radios:

HF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-130HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-PowerVHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107.......VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power,

R-123...........................Warning Receiver R-311..............Radio Relay VHF/UHF, R-401/405.......

Total

.. 1

1

23

.... 3

... 10

,.. 28

.. ,

..

4-72

FM 100-2-3

Reconnaissance Battalion, MRD and TD

HEADQUARTERS ANDSERVICES COMPANY

70

page 4-74

RECONNAISSANCE RECONNAISSANCE'*

(TRACKED) ASSAULT COMPANY

55 80

page 4-75 page 4-76

RADIO/RADARRECONNAISSANCE

COMPANY80

page 4-77

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentATGL, RPG-7V ......................5.45-mm LMG, RPK-74 ................ACV, BRDM-2U .....................ACV, BTR-6OPA .............. ....ACV, Recon, BRM-1** ................AICV, BMP-1/BMP-2 .................Medium Tank, T-64/72/80 ...........ASC, BRDM-2 or APC, BTR-60/70/80 ..

Truck, UAZ-69/469 ..................Truck, GAZ-66 ............... .....Truck, ZIL Series .............. ....Truck, Ural-375 .............. .....

Truck, Van, GAZ (Command) ..........Truck, Van, GAZ (Radio/Radar Recon) ..

Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance) .........Truck, Van, ZIL ......................Truck, POL, ZIL/Ural/KrAZ .............

Truck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452 .....

Trailer, Generator ...................Trailer, Water .......................

Total1325. 1.. 2. 312

.. 6

12. 5

.. 2

. 5

.. 4.. 4

13

S2

.6

.. 2. 1. 2

. 1

FOOTNOTES. *Also called the long-range reconnaissancenaissance company.

"This vehicle includes the TALL MIKE radar,list.

Equipment Total

Trailer, Kitchen ............................... 4Trailer, PO L ................................. 2Chemical Reconnaissance Vehicle,

BRDM-2rkh/RKhM ......................... 4Radar, Battlefield Surveillance, TALL MIKE ...... 3Radar Direction Finder ......................... 3Radio Direction Finder, HF/VHF/UHF ............ 3

Intercept Receiver, VHF/UHF ................. . 9Radios:

HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M ........... 6HF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-130 .... 4

HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power ...... 6HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, High-Power ......... 2VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 .......... 12VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power,

R-123 ................................. 40Radio Relay, VHF/UHF, R-401/405 ........... 1W arning Receiver, R-311 ................... 5Radio Telegraph ........................... 6

company or the airborne recon-

which appears separately in this

4-73

FM 100-2-3

Headquarters and Services Company,Reconnaissance Battalion, MRD and TD

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment TotalACV, Reconnaissance, BRM-1* ................ 1ACV, BTR-60PA ............................. 2

Truck, UAZ-69/469 .......................... 4

Truck, ZIL Series ........... ;................ 5Truck, Ural-375 ............................ 4

Truck, Van, GAZ (Command) .................. 2

Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance) ................. 1

Truck, POL, ZIL/Ural/KrAZ .................... 2

Truck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452 ............. 1

Trailer, POL ................................ 2Trailer, Generator ........................... 2

Trailer, Water .............................. 1

Trailer, Kitchen ............................. 4

Equipment Total

Radar, Battlefield Surveillance, TALL MIKE ...... 1Intercept Receiver, VHF/UHF .................. 1Radios:

HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M ........... 2HF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-130 .... 1HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power ...... 2HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, High-Power ......... 1VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 ........... 2VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-123 ... 3Radio Relay, VHF/UHF, R-401/405 ........... 1Warning Receiver, R-311 ................... 2Radio Telegraph .......................... 6

FOOTNOTE. *This vehicle includes the TALL MIKE radar, which appears separately in thislist.

4-74

FM 100-2-3

Reconnaissance Company (Tracked),Reconnaissance Battalion, MRD and TD

3 x T-64/72/801 x BRM-1each: 3 x BMP-1/2

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment5.45-mm LMG, RPK-74 ........ACV, Reconnaissance, BRM-1* ..

AICV, BMP-1/2...............Medium Tank, T-64/72/80 .....

Truck, GAZ-66 ................

Chemical Reconnaissance Vehicle,or RKhM ...................

Total.............. 6

. ... . . .... 1

.............. 6

... ........... 3

.............. 1

BRDM-2rkh.............. 2

Equipment TotalRadar, Battlefield Surveillance, TALL MIKE ...... 1

Radios:HF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-130 .... 1

VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power,R-123 ................................. 12

Warning Receiver, R-311 .................. 1

FOOTNOTE. *This vehicle includes the TALL MIKE radar, which appears separately in thislist.

4-75

FM 100-2-3

ReconnaissanceReconnaissance

Assault Company,Battalion, MRD and TD

1 x ACV, BRDM-2U 6 x ASC, BRDM-2 6 x ASC, BRDM-2 or6 x APC, BTR-60/70/80

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment TotalATGL, RPG-7V...............................135.45-mm LMG, RPK-74 ...................... 13ACV, BRDM-2U.............................. 1ASC, BRDM-2 or APC, BTR-60/70/80 .......... 12Radios:

HF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-130 .... 1

Equipment TotalVHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107............ 3VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power,

R-123 ................................. 13Warning Receiver, R-311 ................... 1

NOTE. Personnel in the reconnaissance assault company (also called the long-range recon-naissance company) have parachute training. Small teams of five to six men can enterthe enemy rear area by parachute, helicopter, and vehicle, or on foot. They can alsoland by transport helicopter (Mi-6A/HQOK or Mi-26/HALO A) along with their combatvehicles.

4-76

FM 100-2-3

Radio/Radar Reconnaissance Company,Reconnaissance Battalion, MRD and TD

RADIO/RADARRECONNAISSANCE

COMPANY80

RADIO INTERCEPTAND DF PLATOON

RADAR INTERCEPTAND DF PLATOON

AIR/AIR GROUNDINTERCEPT AND DF

PLATOON

MAINTENANCEPLATOON

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment TotalTruck, UAZ-69/469 .......................... 1Truck, Van, GAZ (Command) .................. 2Truck, Van, GAZ (Radio/Radar

Reconnaissance) .......................... 13Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance) ................. 1Truck, Van, ZIL .............................. 6Intercept Receiver, VHF/UHF .................. 8Radio Direction Finder, HF/VHF/UHF ........... 3

EquipmentRadar Direction Finder ...................Radios:

HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M .......HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power ..HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, High-Power .....VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 .......W arning Receiver, R-311 ...............

COMPANYHEADQUARTERS

Total4- 3

... 4

... 4

.o. 1

... 7

... 1

4-77

FM 100-2-3

Engineer Battalion, MRD and TD

BATTALION COMBAT ENGINEERHEADQUARTERS (SAPPER) COMPANY

15 65

page 4-81 page 4-81

ENGINEERRECONNAISSANCE

PLATOON

page 4-84

ASSAULT TECHNICALCROSSING COMPANY COMPANY

55 55

page 4-82 page 4 82

COMMUNICATIONS MAINTENANCEPLATOON PLATOON SERVICE PLATOON

page 4-84 page 4-84 page 4-84

4-78

FM 100-2-3

Personnel and Equipment Recapitulation

ENGINEER BATTALION, oc* , " ro yy P zMRD AND T 5 P)

vJ v . 04Z 2 Z '' J 4' <v

PERSONNEL 15 65 55 55 65 65 75 395WEAPONS

ATGL. RPG-7V 2 6 8

ACV/APC

ACV. BRDM-2 1 .

ACV, BTR-50/60 1 1

APC. BTR-50/60 3 3

GENERAL PURPOSE TRUCKS

Truck, UAZ-69/469 2 1 1 1 2 1 8

Truck, ZIL-130/131/151/157 1 3 2 3 2 I 1 1 8 22

Truck, Ural-375 2 10 4 16

Truck, KrAZ-214/255 1 1

VAN TRUCKS

Truck, Van, GAZ (Signal) 1 1 2

Truck, Van. ZIL (Maintenance) 4 4

POL TRUCKS

Truck, P01 3 3

SPECIAL PURPOSE TRUCKS

Truck, Crane, K-61 1 1

Truck, Crane, Ural-375 2 2

Truck. Crane. Shovel, E-305V 1 1 2

Truck, Dump, MMZ-555 1 2 3

Truck, Saw Mill. Ural-375 (LRV Saw) 1 1

Truck, Ambulance. UAZ-450A/452 1 1

Truck, Water Purification 1 1

Truck, UAZ-69 DIM Mine Detector 2 1 3

ENGINEER EQUIPMENT

Armored Engineer Tractor, IMR 2 2

Bridge. TMM on KrAZ-214/255 8 8

Tracked Ferry, GSP 6 6

PMP Center on KrAZ-214 16 16

(continued)

4-79

FM 100-2-3

Personnel and Equipment Recapitulation (continued)

ENGINEER BATTALION,MRD AND TD

PMP Ramp on KrAZ-214

PMP Service on KrAZ-214

Tracked Amphibian, K-61/PTS

Ditching Machine. BTM/MDK

Dozer, BAT/BAT-M

Mineclearer, MTK/MTK-2

Grader. 0-144

Pile Driver Set. KMS (on 3 ZILTrucks)

Powerboat, BMK-90/150 (on ZIL)

Minelayer, Armored SP, GMZ

Tractor. K-700

Assault Boat, NDL-10

Concrete Mixer

TRAILERS

Trailer, Amphibious. PKP

Trailer, Lowboy

Trailer, Cargo, i-Axle

Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle

Trailer. Generator. 1-Axle

Trailer. Generator. 2-Axle

Trailer, POL

Trailer. Water

Trailer. Kitchen

Trailer. Compressor

Trailer. Saw. 2-Axle

RADIOS

HF, Manpack. Low-Power. R-104M

HF/VHF. Vehicle-Mount, Medium-Power

HF/VHF. Vehicle-Mount. High-Power

VHF, Vehicle-Mount, Medium-Power.R-123

Warning Receiver. R-311

4-80

FM 100-2-3

Battalion Headquarters, Engineer Battalion, MRD and TD

BATTALIONHEADQUARTERS

15

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment TotalTruck, UAZ-69/469 .......................... 2Truck, ZIL-130/131/151/157................. 1Truck, Van, GAZ (Signal) ..................... 1Trailer, Cargo, 1-Axle........................ 1

Combat Engineer (Sapper) Company,MRD and TD

EquipmentRadios:

HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M........HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-PowerHF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, High-Power.

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentATGL, RPG-7V................ACV, BTR-50/60..............Truck, ZIL-130/131/151/157Truck, Ural-375...............Truck, UAZ-69, DIM Mine DetectorArmored Engineer Tractor, IMR ...

Total.. 2.. 1

.. 32

.. 2

.. 2

Equipment TotalMineclearer, MTK/MTK-2 ....................... 2Minelayer, Armored, SP, GMZ................. 3Trailer, Cargo, 1-Axle........................ 2Radios:

HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M........... 1VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-123 ... 4

4-81

Total

Engineer Battalion,

FM 100-2-3

Assault Crossing Company, Engineer Battalion,MRD and TD

COMPANY AMPHIBIOUS HEAVY AMPHIBIOUSHEADQUARTERS PLATOON (K-61/PTS) PLATOON (GSP)

RECONNAISSANCEDIVING PLATOON

EquipmentACV, BRDM-2 ..............Truck, ZIL-130/131/151/157Truck, Crane, K-61 ..........Tracked Amphibian, K-61/PTSTracked Ferry, GSP .........Assault Boat, NDL-10 .......

PRINCIPAL ITEMS

Total. . . . .. . . . . . . 1

.... ........ 2

............. 1

. 12•............ 6

........... 10

OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentTrailer, Amphibious, PKP ...........Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle ..............Trailer, Compressor ................Radios:

HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104MVHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power,

NOTE. Two GSP heavy amphibious ferry vehicles make up one ferry; the twelve right-and-left half-ferries in MRD and TD engineer battalions form six ferries.

Technical Company, Engineer Battalion, MRD and TD

COMPANY BUNKE

HEADQUARTERS

EquipmentTruck, UAZ-69/469 ..............

Truck, ZIL-130/131/151/157 .....

Truck, Ural-375 ................Truck, Crane, Ural-375 ...........

Truck, Crane Shovel, E-305V ......

Truck, Dump, MMZ-555 ..........

Truck, Water Purification .........

Ditching Machine, BTM/MDK-2 ...

!ER CONSTRUCTION HEAVY EQUIPMENT SPECIAL TASKS

PLATOON PLATOON PLATOON

FIELD WATERSUPPLY SECTION

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Total Equipment Total............ 1 Dozer, BAT/BAT-M .......................... 6............ 3 Piledriver Set, KMS (on 3 ZIL Trucks) ........... 1........... 10 Tractor, K-700 .............................. 2............ 2 Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle ........................ 1............ 1 Trailer, Generator, 2-Axle ..................... 1............ 1 Radios:............ 1 HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M ........... 1............ 4 VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-123 ... 3

4-82

Total.......... 3.......... 1

.......... 1

. . . . .. . .. . 1

R-123 ... 8

I 1

FM 100-2-3

Road/Bridge Construction Company, Engineer Battalion,MRD and TD

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentTruck, UAZ-69/469 ..............

Truck, ZIL-130/131/151/157 .....

Truck, Crane Shovel, E-305V ......

Truck, Dump, MMZ-555 ..........

Truck, Sawmill, Ural-375 .........

Bridge, TMM on KrAZ-214/255 ...

Dozer, BAT/BAT-M ..............

G rader, D114 ...................

Total Equipment........ 1 Concrete M ixer ....................

........ 2 Trailer, Cargo, 1-Axle ........... ..

........ 1 Trailer, Generator, 1-Axle ...........

........ 2 Trailer, Saw, 2-Axle ...............

........ 1 Radios:

........ 8 HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M .

........ 2 VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power,

........ 2

NOTE. The eight TMM spans make up two TMM bridge sets.

Ponton Bridge Company, Engineer Battalion, MRD and TD

PONTON BRIDGECOMPANY

65I

COMPANYHEADQUARTERS

PONTON BRIDGEPLATOON POWERBOAT PLATOON SUPPOT SECTIONSUPPORT SECTION

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentTruck, UAZ-69/469 ......

PMP Center on KrAZ-214 .

PMP Ramp on KrAZ-214PMP Service on KrAZ-214

Total. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 1

.................. 16

..... ............. . 2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . 1

Equipment TotalPowerboat, BMK-90/150 ..................... 6

Radios:HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M ........... 1

VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-123 ... 4

NOTE. A full bridge set consists of 32 center and 4 ramp sections. The half-set held by theengineer battalion can make up a bridge or several rafts.

4-83

Total.......... 1.......... 1

.......... 1

.......... 1

.......... 1R-123 ... 3

FM 100-2-3

Combat and Combat Service Support Structure,Engineer Battalion, MRD and TD

ENGINEERRECONNAISSANCE

PLATOONCOMMUNICATIONS

PLATOON

6 x ATGL, RPG-7V3 x BTR-50/602 x UAZ Truck1 ZIL Truck1 x DIM Mine Detector3 x HF, Manpack, Low-

Power, R-104M3 x VHF, Vehicle Mount

Medium Power,R-123

1 x UAZ Truck1 x ZIL Truck1 x GAZ Van1 x Generator Trailer1 x HF/VHF, Vehicle

Mount, MediumPower

1 x HF/VHF, VehicleMount, High-Power

1 x Warning Receiver,R-311

MAINTENANCEPLATOON

ZIL TruckZIL VanCargo TrailerGenerator Trailer

SERVICE PLATOON

8 x ZIL Truck4 x Ural Truck1 x KrAZ Truck3 x POL Truck1 x Ambulance1 Lowboy Trailer2 x POL Trailer3 x Cargo Trailer3 x Water Trailer5 x Kitchen Trailer

4-84

FM 100-2-3

Signal Battalion, MRD and TD

BATTALION RADIO TELEPHONE SUPPLY ANDHEADQUARTERS RADIO COMPANY AND TELEGRAPH MAINTENANCE PLATOON

17 110 COMPANY115 30

page 4-86 page 4-86 page 4-87 page 4 87

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment TotalACV, BTR-50/60 ............................ 8Truck, UAZ-69/469 ........................ 12Truck, GAZ-66 .............................. 7Truck, ZlL/Ural .............................. 9Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance) ................. 4Truck, Van, GAZ (Signal) ..................... 21

Truck, Van, ZIL (Signal) ...................... 12Truck, POL, ZIL/Ural ........................ 1Truck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452 ............. 1

Truck, Van, UAZ-452 (Bus) ................... 1Motorcycle, K-750V/Ural-3 .................. 13Trailer, Cargo, 1-Axle ....................... 10Trailer, POL, 2-Axle .......................... 1

Equipment TotalTrailer, Generator ......... ............ 10Trailer, W ater ........... ................... 1

Trailer, Kitchen .............................. 2Radios:

HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M ........... 5HF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-130 .... 8HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power ...... 7HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, High-Power ......... 8VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 .......... 20VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-123 ... 6W arning Receiver, R-311 ................... 3Radio Relay, VHF/UHF, R-401/405/409 ...... 6Communications Center ..................... 2

4-85

FM 100-2-3

Battalion Headquarters, Signal Battalion, MRD and TD

BATTALIONHEADQUARTERS

17

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EOUIPMENT

Equipment TotalTruck, UAZ-69/469 ......................... 4

Equipment Total

Radio:HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M ........... 1

Radio Company, Signal Battalion, MRD and TD

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentACV, BTR-50/60 .........

Truck, UAZ-69/469 .......

Truck, ZIL/Ural ...........Truck, Van, GAZ-66 (Signal)Truck, Van, ZIL-157 (Signal)Trailer, Cargo, 1-Axle .....Trailer, Generator .........Radios:

HF, Manpack, Low-Power,

Total.... 8

.... 4

.... 1

.... 7

.... 5

.... 1

.... 3

Equipment Total

HF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-130 .... 8HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power ...... 6HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, High-Power ......... 8VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 ........... 7

VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-123 ... 6Warning Receiver, R-311 ................... 1

R-104M ........... 1

4-86

II

FM 100-2-3

Radio Telephone and Telegraph Company,Signal Battalion, MRD and TD

RADIOTELEPHONE AND

TELEGRAPH COMPANY115

WIRE PLATOON RADIO RPLATO(

COURIER PLATOON

OPERATIONS PLATOON

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentTruck, UAZ-69/469 .......Truck, GAZ-63/66 ........Truck, ZIL/Ural ...........Truck, Van, GAZ-66 (Signal)Truck, Van, ZIL-157 (Signal)Motorcycle, K-750V/Ural-3 .Trailer, Cargo, 1-Axle .Trailer, Generator ..........

Supply and MaintenanceMRD and TD

Total3

14

7.13

... 4

5

EquipmentRadios:

HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M ........HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium Power ...VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 ........Warning Receiver, R-311 ................Radio Relay, VHF/UHF, R-401/405/409 ...

Communications Center ...................

Platoon, Signal Battalion,

SUPPLY ANDMAINTENANCE

PLATOON30

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment TotalTruck, UAZ-69/469 ......................... 1Truck, GAZ-63/66 ............. ............. 3Truck, ZIL/Ural ............................. 6Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance) ................. 4Truck, POL, ZIL/Ural ........................ 1Truck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452 ............. 1Bus, UAZ-452 ............................... 1

EquipmentTrailer, Cargo, 1-Axle ..............

Trailer, POL, 2-Axle ................Trailer, Generator ..................Trailer, W ater ...................

Trailer, Kitchen ..................

Radio:HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M .

COMPANYHEADQUARTERS

Total

... 2... 1

. 13

2

6

2

Total.......... 5

... ..... .. 1

.......... 2

.......... 1

.......... 2

.. ...... .. 1

4-87

I I I i

NN

FM 100-2-3

Materiel Support Battalion, MRD and TD

MATERIELSUPPORT

BATTALION510+

BATTALIONHEADQUARTERS

20

page 4-89

AMMUNITIONTRANSPORT COMPANY

70

page 4-89

I PLATOON SERVICE PLATOON

page 4-90 page 4-90

page 4-90MEICL ECIO

p

POL TRANSPORTCOMPANY

90

page 4-89

CARGO TRANSPORTCOMPANY

75

page 4-90

page 4-99

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentATGL, RPG-7V ............... ...Truck, UAZ-69/469 ................

Truck, GAZ-66 .............. ....

Truck, ZIL-130/131/151/157 .......Truck, Ural-375 .................

Truck, Van, GAZ ...................Truck, Van, ZIL ....................Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance) .......Truck, Van, UAZ-452 ...............Truck, POL, Ural-375 (5,200-Liter) ...Truck, Crane, K-61 ................

Truck, Water Tank .................

Total......... 19......... 7

......... 33

......... 38

........ 120

... ... . . .. 1

.......... 2

.......... 9

.......... 1

........ 160

.......... 6

.......... 6

Equipment TotalTruck, Field Kitchen, PAC-170/200 .......... 2Truck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452 ............. 1Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle ...................... 122Trailer, Cargo, 1-Axle ........................ 2Trailer, POL, 2-Axle ........................ 160Trailer, Generator ............................ 6Trailer, Water ................................ 7Radios:

HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M ........... 1HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power ...... 1VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 ........... 5Warning Receiver, R-311 .................... 1

Truck, Van, Mobile Field Bakery ............... 4

4-88

FM 100-2-3

Battalion Headquarters, Materiel Support Battalion,MRD and TD

BATTALIONHEADQUARTERS

20

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentTruck, UAZ-69/469 .....................

Truck, Van, GAZ ........................Truck, Van, ZIL .........................Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle ...................

Radios:HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M ......

HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-PowerW arning Receiver, R-311 ..............

Ammunition Transport Company, Materiel SupportBattalion, MRD and TD

EquipmentATGL, RPG-7V .................

Truck, UAZ-69/469 .............

Truck, Ural-375 ................

Truck, Crane, K-61 ..............

PRINCIPAL ITEMSTotal

............. 3

............ 1

............ 60

.... 1

OF EQUIPMENTEquipmentTrailer, Cargo, 2-Axle ....................

Radio:VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 ........

Petroleum, Oil, and Lubricants (POL) Transport Company,Materiel Support Battalion, MRD and TD

EquipmentATGL, RPG-7V ................

Truck, UAZ-69/469 ............Truck, POL, Ural-375 (5,200 Liter)

Truck, Crane, K-61 .............

PRINCIPAL ITEMSTotal

.............. 4

.............. 1

............ 80... ..... .... 1

OF EQUIPMENTEquipment TotalTrailer, POL, 2-Axle ......................... 80

Radio:VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 ........... 1

4-89

Total.... 2

. ... 1

.... 1

.... 2

.... 1

.... 1

.... 1

Total.. 60

FM 100-2-3

Cargo Transport Company, Materiel Support Battalion,MRD and TD

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment TotalATGL, RPG-7V....................3Truck, UAZ-69/469...............1Truck, GAZ-66...............................30Truck, ZIL-151/157...........................30

Service Support Structure, MaterielMRD and TD

Equipment Total

Truck, Crane, K-61...............1Radio:

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107.............1

Support Battalion,

1 xATGL, RPG-7V9 x ZI Van1 xCrane Truck, K-616 xGenerator Trailer

AND SERVICEPLATOON

1 xATGL, RPG-7V3 x GAZ-661 xZIL Van1 UAZ Van2 xKitchen Truck6 x Water Truck2 xCargo Trailer, 1-Axle2 xCargo Trailer, 2-Axle3 xWater Trailer

MEDICAL

SECTION

I Ambulance

4-90

FM 100-2-3

Maintenance Battalion, MRD and TD

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment MRD*ATGL, RPG-7V ..................... 11..

Truck, UAZ-69/469 ................... 5..Truck, GAZ-66 ....................... 4..Truck, ZIL Series .................... 14..Truck, Ural-375 ...................... 6..Truck, ZIL-555 ...................... 1..Truck, Van, GAZ ..................... 3..Truck, Van, Ural .................. 1..Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance) ......... 40..Truck, POL ......................... 4..Truck, Tractor, KrAZ-214/255 .......... 2..Truck, Crane, Ural-375 ................ 3..Truck, Recovery, ZIL-157 .............. 2..Truck, W ater Tank .................... 1..Truck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452 ...... 1..Tracked Amphibian, K-61/PTS ......... 1..Tractor, Artillery, AT-S ................ 1..

Motorcycle, M-72/K-750/Ural-3 ........ 3..

TD**

.. 12

... 5

.. 4

. 16

.. 1

. 1

.. 42.. 4

... 2

... 3

... 2

... 1

... 1

... 1

. . 1

... 3

Equipment MRD* TD"

Armored Recovery Vehicle ............. 5..... 5

Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle ................ 13.... 14

Trailer, Generator, 2-Axle .............. 1 ..... 1

Trailer, Generator, 1-Axle .............. 6..... 6

Trailer, POL, 2-Axle ................... 4 ..... 4

Trailer, Lowboy ..................... 2..... 2

Trailer, W ater ........................ 1 ..... 1

Trailer, Field Kitchen .................. 3 ..... 3

Radios:HF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power,

R-130 ........................... 1 ..... 1

HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power ........................ .. ... .. 1

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 .... 5..... 5

VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power,R-123 ........................... 4 ..... 4

W arning Receiver, R-311 .............. 1..... 1

NOTE. Page 4-92 outlines differences in personnel and equipment levels.

FOOTNOTES. *Personnel and equipment levels for the maintenance battalion, MRD."Personnel and equipment levels for the maintenance battalion, TD.

4-91

FM 100-2-3

Battalion Headquarters, Maintenance Battalion,MRD and TD

BATTALIONHEADQUARTERS

15

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment TotalTruck, UAZ-69/469 ......................... 2Truck, Van, Ural ................. ............ 1Motorcycle, M-72/K-750/Ural-3 ................. 3Radios:

HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power ...... 1

Tank/Tracked Vehicle Maintenance Company,Maintenance Battalion, MRD and TD

Equipment Total

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 ........... 1

W arning Receiver, R-311 ................... 1

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment MRD* TD**ATGL, RPG-7V ....................... 3...... 4

Truck, UAZ-69/469 ....... .......... 1...... 1

Truck, ZiL Series .......... ........... 4...... 6

Truck, Van, GAZ ....................... 1...... 1

Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance) ........... 12..... 14

NOTE. This company comprises two platoons when organic towhen organic to a TD.

Equipment MRD* TD**

Truck, Crane, Ural-375 ................ 1...... 1

Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle .................. 3...... 4Trailer, Generator, 1-Axle ................ 2...... 2Radio:

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 ..... 1...... 1

an MRD, but three platoons

FOOTNOTES. *Personnel and equipment levels for the tank/tracked vehicle maintenance com-pany. maintenance battalion, MRD.

"**Personnel and equipment levels for the tank/tracked vehicle maintenance com-pany, maintenance battalion, TD.

4-92

FM 100-2-3

Motor Vehicle Maintenance Company,Maintenance Battalion, MRD and TD

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentATGL, RPG-7V ...................Truck, UAZ-69/469 ..............Truck, ZIL Series .................Truck, Van, GAZ ...................Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance) .......

Ordnance Maintenance Company,MRD and TD

Total4

6........ 14

14

Equipment TotalTruck, Crane, Ural-375 ....................... 1Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle ....................... 4Trailer, Generator, 1-Axle ..................... 2Radio:

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 ........... 1

Maintenance Battalion,

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentATGL, RPG-7V .................Truck, UAZ-69/469 .............Truck, Van, GAZ ................Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance) .....Truck, Crane, Ural-375 ...........

Total............ 3

.. . . . .. . . . .. 1

............ 1

............ 8

... . . .. . .... 1

Equipment TotalTrailer, Cargo, 2-Axle ........................ 2Trailer, Generator, 1-Axle .................... 2Radio:

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 ........... 1

4-93

__

FM 100-2-3

Supply and Service Platoon, Maintenance Battalion,MRD and TD

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

SUPPLY ANDSERVICE

PLATOON25~

EquipmentATGL, RPG-7V...................Truck, GAZ-66...................Truck, ZIL Series..................Truck, Ural-375...................Truck, ZIL-555....................Truck, POL......................Truck, Water Tank................Truck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452 ...

Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle.............Trailer, POL. 2-Axle ................Trailer, Water....................Trailer, Field Kitchen...............

Total...........................................1...........................................4...........................................4...........................................6...........................................1...........................................4...........................................1...........................................1...........................................4

........................................4...........................................1...........................................3

Radio:VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107............ 1

Recovery Platoon, Maintenance Battalion, MRD and TD

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

RECOVERYPLATOON

Equipment TotalTruck, Tractor, KrAZ-214/255.................2Truck, Recovery, ZIL-157 ..................... 2Tracked Amphibian, K-61 /PTS ................. 1Tractor, Artillery, AT-S.......................1Armored Recovery Vehicle....................5Trailer, Lowboy ............................. 2Radios:

HF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-130 .... 1VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-123 ... 4

Special Maintenance Platoon, Maintenance Battalion.MRD and TD

SPECIALMAINTENANCE

PLATOON[20

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment TotalTruck, Van. ZIL (Maintenance).................6Trailer, Generator, 2-Axle ..................... 1

4-94

FM 100-2-3

Chemical Protection Company, MRD and TD

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment TotalTruck, UAZ-69/469............................2Truck, GAZ Series.......................... 3Truck, ZIL Series........................... 5Truck, Ural-375............................ 1Chemical Reconnaissance Vehicle,

BRDM-2rkh/RKhM ........................ 4Truck, POL................................ 2Truck, Decontamination, ARS-12U/14

or other................................ 12

Equipment TotalTruck, Decontamination, TMS-65 ............... 2Trailer, Water, 2-Axle........................2Trailer, Water, 1 -Axle........................2Radios:

HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M ........... 2VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-123 ... 4

4-95

FM 100-2-3

Medical Battalion, MRD and TD

MEDICALBATTALION

175

MEDICAL COMPANY50

page 4-97

COLLECTION ANDEVACUATION PLATOON

45

page 4-97

DISINFECTION ANDDECONTAMINATION

PLATOON15

page 4-98

page 4

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment TotalTruck, UAZ-69/469 .......................... 4Truck, GAZ-66 .............................. 1Truck, ZIL Series ............................. 21Truck, Van, GAZ ............................. 1Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance) ................... 2Truck, Van, ZIL .............................. 1Truck, Van, Generator ........................ 1Truck. Van, Hospital ............ ..... ........ 9Truck, POL (5,200-Liter) ....................... 2Truck, Decontamination, DDA-53/66 ............ 1Truck, Decontamination, ARS-12U/14 ........... 3Truck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452 ............ 20

Equipment TotalTruck, Water Tank ......................... 3Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle ....................... 10Trailer, Generator, 2-Axle ...................... 2Trailer, PO L ................................. 2Trailer, Decontamination, DDP ................. 3Trailer, Kitchen .............................. 4Trailer, Water ............................... 1Radios:

HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M ........... 1HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power ...... 1VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 ............. 3Warning Receiver, R-311 ................... 1

Battalion Headquarters, Medical Battalion, MRD and TD

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

BATTALIONHEADQUARTERS

10

Equipment TotalTruck, UAZ-69/469 .......................... 1Truck, Van, GAZ ........................... 1Radios:

HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M ........... 1HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power ...... 1W arning Receiver, R-311 ................... 1

BATTALIONHEADQUARTERS

10

(See below)

page 4-98

4-96

i

FM 100-2-3

Medical Company, Medical Battalion, MRD and TD

COMPAN

U

INTNALMEDICINE1SURICA

RECVIN ANEVAATION PLAOON,

RESCITATIONSETOj

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentTruck, UAZ-69/469..........Truck, ZIL Series............Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle ...

Collection and EvacuationMRD and TD

Total Equipment Total

.. . . . . . . . 1 Radio:

......... 7 VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107.............17

Platoon, Medical Battalion,

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentTruck, UAZ-69/469..............Truck, Van, ZIL .................Truck, Van, Generator ...........

Total

... . .. . . 1

... . .. . . 1

Equipment Total

Truck, Van, Hospital........................... 9

Radio:VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, 8-107.............1

4-97

FM 100-2-3

Disinfection and Decontamination Platoon,Medical Battalion, MRD and TD

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

DISINFECTIONAND

DECONTAMINA-TION PLATOON

15

EquipmentTruck, GAZ-66....................Truck, Decontamination, DDA-53/66Truck, Decontamination, ARS- 12U/1 4Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle..............Trailer, Decontamination, DDP..Trailer, Water.....................

Total

............................................

............................................

Transport Section, Medical Battalion, MRD and TD

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

TRANSPORT

SECTION

L3i

EquipmentTruck, UAZ-69/469.................Truck, ZIL Series...................Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance)........Truck, POL (5,200-Liter).............Truck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452..Trailer, Generator ..................Trailer, POL .......................Radio:

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107

Total................................................1................................................8................................................2................................................2...............................................20................................................2................................................2

................................................1

Supply and Service Platoon, Medical Battalion,MRD and TD

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

SUPPLY ANDSERVICE

PLATOON

Equipment TotalTruck, ZIL Series...............................6Truck, Water Tank.............................3Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle...........................2Trailer, Kitchen............................... 4

4-98

FM 100-2-3

Artillery Command Battery. MRD and TD

ARTILLERYCOMMAND

BATTERY702

BATTERY]HEDUAR TERS

I RECONNAISSANCEPLATOON

U

COMNICTIOSPLAON

METOROOGPLOON

ESEVC TION

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Total

4

4

2

.. 2

5

2

.. 1

2

EquipmentATGL, RPG-7V.........5.45-mm LMG, RPK-74.ACV, BTR-6OPA........Truck, UAZ-69/469 ....

Truck, GAZ-66.........Truck, ZIL-157.........Truck, Van, GAZ .......Truck, Van, Ural .......

EquipmentTrailer, Cargo........................Trailer, Generator .....................Rangefinder .........................Radar, Meteorological, END TRAY.......Radios:

HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M ..HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-PowerVHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 ..

Mobile Field Bakery, Materiel Support Battalion,MRD and TD

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentTruck, ZIL-130/131 /151 /157 .Truck, Van, Mobile Field Bakery

Total... . .. . . . 8... . .. . . . 4

Equipment Total

Trailer, Water.............................. 4

4-99

Total

. 2

2

2

. 2

.. 2

4

.. 6

FM 100-2-3

Helicopter Squadron, MRD and TD

Some MRDs and TDs have an organic helicoptersquadron, which is also known as a fire supportsquadron. The squadron has 18 helicopters whichmay be armed with various combinations ofweapons, including antitank guided missiles andair-to-surface rocket pods.

Even in the forward area, not all divisionshave a helicopter squadron. Instead, they may

SQUADRONHEADQUARTERS HOPLITE FLIGHT

,, ,

have a helicopter detachment that performs mostlyadministrative/liaison roles. The detachment has6 HOPLITEs, 2 HIP airborne command postvariants, and approximately 100 personnel. Thedetachment does not have significant fire supportor troop-carrying capabilities.

HIP FLIGHT HIND FLIGHT

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment TotalLight Helicopter, Mi-2/HOPLITE ................ 6Medium Helicopter, Mi-8T/HIP C or

Mi-17/HIP H .............................. 4

EquipmentAirborne Command Post, Mi-8T/HIP D/G ...Attack Helicopter, Mi-24/HIND D/E/F ......

NOTES. 1. Squadron structure and the totals of 18 aircraft (3 per flight) and 200 personnelare estimates only.

2. In some squadrons, the number of HIND attack helicopters has increased.

4-100

Total

. . 2

__ _

FM 100-2-3

SAM Regiment (SA-8), MRD and TD

MOTOR TRANSPORT CHEMICAL MAINTENANCECOMPANY PROTECTION COMPANY

PLATOON80 250

4-101

FM 100-2-3

Personnel and Equipment Recapitulation

SAM REGIMENT (SA-8),MRD AND TD "4

Q~ ~ ~ 4, Ay w v Z

PERSONNEL 65 55 75 125 80 50 24 474

WEAPONS

SAM, SA-8/GECKO TELAR" 20 20

SAM. SA-7/GRAIL or SA-14/GREMLINor SA-16 3 3 15 21

ACV

ACV, BTR-6OPA 257

GENERAL PURPOSE TRUCKS __

Truck. UAZ-69/469 1 3 1 1 1 7

Truck. GAZ-66 3 1 6 5 1 3 19

Truck, ZIL-131/157 3 3Truck. KrAZ/ZIL/Ural 5 24 29

Truck. Ural-375 9 9

VAN TRUCKS

Truck, Van. Ural 2 1 6 4 13

Truck. Van (Signal) 4 4

Truck, Van (Maintenance) 3 7 10

Truck. Van. UAZ-452 (Computer) 1 1

POL TRUCKS

Truck. POI. ZIL/Ural 15 15

SPECIAL PURPOSE TRUCKS

Missile Transloader(TELAR Chassis) 10 10

Radar Calibration Vehicle(TELAR Chassis) 2 2

Truck, Crane, Ural-375 2 2

Truck. Ambulance. UAZ-450A/452 2 2

Truck. Decontamination 4 4

CHEMICAL RECONNAISSANCEVEHICLES

Chemical Reconnaissance Vehicle,BRDM-2rkh/RKhM 3 3

(continued)

FOOTNOTE. 'The TELAR includes the LAND ROLL fire control/target acquisition radar, whichappears separately in this list.

4-102

FM 100-2-3

Personnel and Equipment Recapitulation (continued)

SAM REGIMENT (SA-8),MRD AND TD

° kA_9

~to )v, 4i I% 1\ 2 A

4 4' /A~Z .0 O~+~ o~~J

TRAILERS

Trailer, POL, 2-Axle - 7

Trailer, Van, 2-Axle 4

Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle 1 1 5 5 3 15

Trailer, Generator, 1-Axle 2 - 7 13

Trailer, Water 3 - 4

Trailer, Kitchen 1 1 2 5 1 1 11

RADARS

Radar, Aerial Surveillance/TargetAcquisition LONG TRACK!FLAT FACE 2 2

Radar, Height-Finding, THIN SKIN 1 1

Radar, Fire Control/TargetAcquisition, LAND ROLL 20 2

RADIOS

HF, Manpack, Low-Power. R-104M 2 1 3

HF/VHF. Vehicle-Mount, Medium-Power 4 4

HF/VHF, Vehicle-Mount, High-Power 1 1

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 1 2 1 5 1 1 11

VHF, Vehicle-Mount, Medium-Power,R-123 1 3 25 3 32

Warning Receiver, R-311 2 5 7

Radio Relay, VHF/UHF R-401/405 1 1

4-103

- --

j

FM 100-2-3

Antiaircraft Artillery Regiment (S-60), MRD and TD

ANTIAIRCRARTILLERREGIMEN

(S-60)420!

COMMAND ANDCONTROL BATTERY

60

GUN SECTION

FIRING BATTERY

65

SERVICE BATTERY

80

FIRE CONTROLSECTION

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment Total57-mm AA Gun S-60 ...................... 24SAM, SA-7/GRAIL or SA-14/GREMLIN

or SA-16 ............................... 15ACV, BTR-60PA .................Truck, UAZ-69/469 ................Truck, ZIL-131/157 ...............Truck, Ural-375 ...................Truck, GAZ-66 ....................Truck, Van, GAZ ..................Truck, Van, Ural (Radar) ............Truck, Van, ZIL (Radar) .............Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance) .......Truck, POL, KrAZ/Ural/ZIL ..........Truck, Crane, K-61 .................Truck, Water Tank .................

Truck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452 ...Truck, Chemical Reconnaissance, UAZ-(Trailer, POL .......................

.9rkh .....

.o.......o°

....... ,...

Equipment TotalTrailer, Cargo, 2-Axle ........................ 4Trailer, Cargo, 1-Axle ........................ 1Trailer, Generator, 2-Axle ..................... 4Trailer, Generator, 1-Axle ..................... 4Trailer, Field Kitchen ........................ 8Trailer, W ater ...................... .. ...... 7Radars:

Radar, Fire Control, FLAP WHEEL ............ 4Radar, Aerial Surveillance/Target Acquisition,

FLAT FACE .............................. 2Radios:

HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M ........... 1HF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-130 .... 2HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, High-Power ......... 2VHF, Portable, Very-Low-Power, R-126 ....... 15VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 .......... 24VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-123 ... 2Warning Receiver, R-311 ................... 5

4-104

REGIMENTALHEADQUARTERS

20

FM 100-2-3

Independent Tank Battalion, MRD

Some MRDs have an independent tank battalion(ITB) in addition to the tank assets previouslydiscussed. The ITB normally has 51 tanks. Sincethe ITB is frequently present in forward-deployed

MRDs, this chapter includes an organization chartand an equipment table of the ITB as an alter-native structure. However, the ITB is not always

part of the typical MRD. For that reason, itspersonnel and equipment do not appear in theMRD totals.

INDEPENDENTTANK

BATTALION227

BATTALION TANK COMPANY ENGINEER SECTION COMMUNICATIONS MAINTENANCE SUPPORT PLATOON MEDICAL SECTIONHEADQUARTERS (10x Medium Tank)+ SECTION SECTION

(1 'Medium Tank) 32 10 10 15 15 512

1 x Medium Tank, page 4-106 1 x Bridge, Tank- 1 x ASC, BRDM-2 1x Truck, Van, ZIL 1 x Truck, GAZ-66 1 x Tuck, Ambulance,T-64/72/80

1 x ACV, BTR-50/601 Truck, UAZ-69/4693 x ATGL, RPG-7V1 HF, Manpack, Low-

Power, R-104M1x VHF, Manpack,

Low-Power, R-1072x HF, Vehicle Mount,

Medium-Power, R-1302 VHF, Vehicle Mount,

Medium-Power, R-1232 x Radio Relay,

VHF/UHF, R-401/4051x Warning Receiver,

R-311

Launched, MTU/MT-55I xDitching Machine

BTM/MDK-21xDozer, BAT!

BAT-M

1 x Truck, UAZ-69/4691 x Truck, Van, GAZ

(Signal)I HF, Manpack, Low-

Power, R-104M1 x HF, Vehicle Mount,

Medium-Power, R-1301 x VHF, Vehicle Mount,

Medium-Power, R-123

(Maintenance)1 x Truck, Crane, K-612 x Armored Recovery

Vehicle1 x Trailer, Generator,

1-Axle

4 x Truck, ZIL-131/1574 x Truck, Ural-3752 x Truck, POL1 x Truck, Kitchen,

PAC-170/2002 x Trailer, Cargo,

2-Axle2 x Trailer, POL,

2-Axle1 Trailer, Water

GAZ-450A/452

NOTES. 1. The ITB exists only in some MRDs.

2. If the ITB has T-54/55/62 tanks, its strength will increase by 31 or 51 enlistedpersonnel.

3. In the late 1980s, ITBs began to adopt a 31-tank structure similar to othertank battalions. (See p. 4-108.)

EquipmentMedium Tank, T-64/72/80ATGL, RPG-7V..............ACV, BTR-50/60 ..........ASC, BRDM-2..............Truck, UAZ-69/469..........Truck, GAZ-66..............Truck, ZIL-131/157..........Truck, Ural-375.............Truck, Van, GAZ (Signal).......Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance)Truck, POL.................

Total

... 51

.... 3

.. .

.. ,

.... 8

.... 4

1

1

..

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment

Truck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452 .......Truck, Crane, K-61....................Truck, Kitchen, PAC-170/200..........Armored Recovery Vehicle.............Bridge, Tank-Launched, MTU/MT-55.Ditching Machine, BTM/MDK-2.........Mine Clearer, KMT-4/5M/6.............Dozer, BAT/BAT-M...................Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle.................Trailer, Generator, 1-Axle..............

Total111211

12.. 1.12

.. .

Equipment

Trailer, POL, 2-Axle .....................Trailer, Water ..........................Radios:

HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M ......HF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-130VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107.VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power,

R-123...........................Warning Receiver, R-311 ..... .......Radio Relay, VHF/UHF, R-401/405 ......

Total

..... 21

..... 2

1

.... 53

1..... 2

4-105

FM 100-2-3

Tank Company, Independent Tank Battalion, MRD

Company Commander .. PMDriver/Mechanic ...... PMGunner............ PMSenior Technician ..... PMTruck Driver ...... AKS-74

Platoon Leader! Tank Commander .. AKS-74Tank Commander ..... PM Driver/Mechanic ...... PMDriver/Mechanic ...... PM Gunner............ PMGunner............ PM

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment TotalMedium Tank, T-64/72/80..................109-mni Pistol, PM ........................... 255.45-mm Assault Rifle, AKS-74 ............... 7Mineclearing Plow/Roller, KMT-4/5M/6 ........ 3Truck, ZIL-131/157 ......................... 1

Equipment TotalRadios:

HF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-130 .... 1VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power,

R-123 ................................. 10

NOTE. If the ITB has T-54/55/62 tanks, company strength will increase by ten enlistedpersonnel.

4-106

FM 100-2-3

TANK REGIMENT STRUCTURE

Tank Company, Tank Battalion,Tank Regiment, MRD and TD

Company Commander .. PMDriver/Mechanic ...... PMGunner ............. PM

Platoon Leader/ Tank Commander .. AKS-74Tank Commander ..... PM Driver/Mechanic ...... PMDriver/Mechanic ...... PM Gunner ............. PMGunner ............. PM

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentMedium Tank, T-64/72/80 ...9-mm Pistol, PM ............5.45-mm Assault Rifle, AKS-74

Total.............. 10.............. 24

.... . ....... . 6

Equipment Total

Radios:HF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-130 .... 1

VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power,R-123 ............................... 10

NOTE. Tank companies equipped with T-54/55/62 tanks have 10 additional enlisted personnel.

4-107

FM 100-2-3

Tank Battalion,Tank Regiment, MRD and TD

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment TotalMedium Tank, T-64/72/80..................31ATGL, RPG-7V............................. 2ACV, BTR-50/60/152/BRDM..................2Truck, ZIL-157 ............................. 7Truck, POL................................ 3Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance).................1Truck, Van, Kitchen, PAC-170/200 ............. 1Trailer, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452............1Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle........................6Trailer, Cargo, 1 -Axle........................1

Equipment TotalTrailer, Generator ........................... 1Trailer, Water.............................. 1Radios:

HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M...........2HF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-130 .... 5VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107............ 1VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power,

R-123 ................................ 33Warning Receiver, R-311 1...................1

NOTE. TBs equipped with T-54/55/62 tanks will have 31 additional enlisted personnel.

4-108

FM 100-2-3

Tank Regiment (T-64/72/80), TD

The TR of the TD consists of five combat andCS battalions: three TBs, each of which has 31tanks; one MRB; and, one battalion of 18 2S1122-mm SP howitzers. The MRB is identical tothose found in BMP-equipped MRRs of both the

MRD and the TD. The TR retains all other CSand CSS subunits common to all MRRs and TRs.The one major exception is that this TR, likethat of the MRD, does not have an antitankmissile battery.

TANK REGIMENT

1,640

REGIMENTALHEADQUARTERS

65page 4-14

AIR DEFENSEMISSILE AND

ARTILLERY BTRY60

page 4-18

CHEMICALPROTECTION

PLATOON

page 4-23

TANK BATTALION

135page 4.108

RECONNAISSANCECOMPANY

55

page 4-19

MATERIEL SUPPORT

COMPANY90

page 4-23

MOTORIZED RIFLEBATTALION (BMP)

497page 4-28

__

ENGINEER COMPANY

70page 4-21

U

MAINTENANCECOMPANY

70page 4-24

SP HOWITZERBATTALION t

(122-mm)220

page 4-36

SIGNAL COMPANY

50page 4-22

REGIMENTALMEDICAL POINT

34page 4-25

NOTES. 1. If the TR. TD, has T-54/55/62 tanks, personnelenlisted personnel.

2. Approximately 180 personnel are officers.

strength will increase by 94

FOOTNOTE. *In some TRs. the howitzer battalion may still have the 122-mm towed howitzerD-30. (See p. 4-16 for the organization and equipment of a 0-30 howitzerbattalion.)

4-109

-m MMw

TANK REGIMENT(T-64/72/80), TD

Or y~

At'

Cr 4 2 I#ZV " /PERSONNEL 65 405 497 220 60 55 70 50 24 90 70 34 1,640

TANKS

Medium Tank, T-64/72/80 1 93 9

WEAPONS___-

122-mm SP Howitzer 2S1 18 18

120-mm Mortar, M1943/M-120 or82-mm Automatic Mortar, 2B9 8 8

SAM, SA-9/GASKIN TEL orSA-13/GOPHER TELAR 4 4

SPAA Gun, ZSU-23-4 or 2S6 4 4

SAM, SA-7/GRAIL or SA-14/GREMLINor SA-16 3 9 12

ATGL, RPG-7V 6 35 18 4 4 4 71

Automatic Grenade Launcher, AGS-17 6 6

5.45-mm LMG, RPK-74 27 18 3 48

7.62-mm GPMG, PKM 18 18

ACV/AICV/APC/ASC/ACRV

ACV, BRDM/BTR/BMP 6 3 3 3 15

ACV. BRM1 * 1 1

AICV, BMP-1/BMP-2 4 334

APC, BTR-50/60/70/80 1 3 4

ACV, BTR-6OPA (FAC) 1 1

MRP, PRP-3 (BMP M1975)-- 1 1

ASC, BRDM-2 44

ACRV 1V12 Series 8 8

GENERAL PURPOSE TRUCKS

Truck, UAZ-69/469 3 3 1 1 5 1 2 1 17

Truck, GAZ-66 15 7 2 3 1 4 1 33

Truck, ZIL-130/131/151/157 21 4 45 1 2 73

Truck, Ural-375 1 20 1 22

Truck, KrAZ/ZIL/Ural 4 9 13

VAN TRUCKS

Truck, Van, GAZ 3 1 4

Truck, Van, ZIL (Command) 3 3

Truck, Van, ZIL (Signal) 2 2

Truck, Van, ZL (Maintenance) 3 1 2 1 1 12 20

Truck. Van. Kitchen. PAC-170/200 3 14

POL TRUCKS

Truck, P01, Zit/UraI/KrAZ 9 2 2 15 28

DECONTAMINATION TRUCKS

Truck, Decontamination 4 1 5

CHEMICAL RECONNAISSANCEVEHICLES

Chemical Reconnaissance VehicleBRDM-2rkh/RKhM 3 3

MISCELLANEOUS SPECIALPURPOSE VEHICLES

Truck. Water Tank 44

Truck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452 3 1 1 4 9

Truck, Crane, K-61 ____ 1 1

Truck, Crane, Shovel, E-305V 2 2

(continued)

FOOTNOTES. This vehicle includes the TALL MIKE radar, which appears separately in thislist,

~This vehicle includes the SMALL FRED radar, which appears separately inthis list.

F

m

o

"4

-N

0

TANK REGIMENT(T-64/72/80), TD

0 v 1 Ari 2

;I /-~0 v02' Cr v yyV yJ aVQv

rm ' V v y YQQ V y ?vim

Truck, Dump, MMZ-555 2 2Sedan, GAZ-24 1 1

Motorcycle 3 3 6

Armored Recovery Vehicle 5 5ENGINEER EQUIPMENT

Bridge, Tank-Launched, MTU/MT-55 3 3

Bridge, Truck-Launched, TMM 4 4

Ditching Machine, BTM/MDK 1 1Dozer, BAT/BAT-M/PKT 1 1

Bucket Excavator, PZM 3 3

Mineclearing Plow, KMT-4/6 27 27

Mine Roller-Plow, KMT-5M 9 9

Minelayer, Towed, PMR-3 3 3

Water Purification Set, MAFS 1 1

TRAILERS

Trailer, POL 1 2 15 18

Trailer, Cargo. 1-Axle 2 -5

Trailer, Cargo, 2-Axle 18 10 2 2 30 6 68

Trailer, Generator, 1-Axle 3 1 2 6

Trailer, Generator, 2-Axle 2 1 1 4

Trailer, Water 3 1 1 1 6

Trailer, Field Kitchen- 3 2 1 9

ARTILLERY-ASSOCIATEDEQUIPMENT

Rangefinder 1 4 5

RADARS

Battlefield Surveillance, TALL MIKE 1 1

Battlefield Surveillance, SMALL FRED 1 1

RADIOS

HF or VHF, Manpack, Low-Power 4 4

HF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M 6 1 2 1 10

HF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power,R-130 1 15 2 1 2 21

HF, Van-Mount, High-Power 1 1

HF/VHF, Vehicle-Mount, Medium-Power 2 2

HF/VHF, Vehicle-Mount, High-Power 2 2

VHF, Portable, Low-Power, R-148 20 20

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 2 3 14 10 2 3 7 1 1 1 44

VHF, Vehicle-Mount, Medium-Power,R-123 2 99 45 28 11 7 7 2 4 5 210

Warning Receiver, R-311 3 1 2 3 1 3 13

VHF/UHF Radio Relay, R-401/405 2 2

Radio Transceiver, Portable,Very-Low-Power, R-147 4 4

r' f ' i! r

7

i

FM 100-2-3

TANK DIVISION

Tank Division (T-64/72/80)

In the reorganization that began in the late1970s, the Soviet TD gained more combat equip-ment and personnel than the MRD. It is now amore balanced combined arms formation. The TD,like the MRD, comprises six regiments: three TRs,one MRR, one artillery regiment, and one SAMregiment.

All other elements of the TD are virtually iden-tical to those of the MRD, except that there is noantitank battalion in the TD. The MRR is BMP-equipped and is identical to the BMP regiment of

the MRD. Likewise, the SAM regiment, SSM bat-talions, and helicopter squadron have similarstructures, whether they are organic to an MRDor to a TD. The same variations in equipment arepossible. Some differences also exist in the con-figuration of the artillery regiment, the engineerbattalion, and the maintenance battalion. The userof this document should consult the organizationcharts and the personnel and equipment tablespresented under the MRD for a more completeexplanation of such differences.

page 4-100

NOTES. 1. The TD may have a SAM regiment equipped with the SA-8 SAM (p. 4-101) oran AAA regiment equipped with the S-60 AA Gun (p. 4-104) instead of the SA-6SAM regiment.

2. Armies in WGF are consolidating division-level SSM battalions into army-levelSSM brigades.

3. Starting in 1989, the Soviets are converting one of the TRs of the TD into asecond MRR.

4. Not all divisions have a helicopter squadron.

4-112

TANK DIVISION(T-64/72/80)

q2 O 4

li

0 0

PERSONNEL 245 4,920 2424 1062 504 170 340 395 272 510+ 250 83 175 70 200 11620+

TANKS

Medium Tank, T-64/72/80 282 401 6 328

WEAPONS

FROG/SSM TEL FROG-7/78 orSS-21/SCARAB 4 4

152-mm SP Howitzer, 2S3 36 36

122-mm SP Howitzer. 2S1 54 18 72

122-mm Rocket Launcher, BM-21 18 18

120-mm Mortar, M1943/M-120 or82-mm Automatic Mortar, 289 24 24 48

SAM, SA-6a/GAINFUL TEL or SA-6b/GAINFUL TELAR 20 20

SAM, SA-9/GASKIN TEL orSA-13/GOPHER TELAR 12 4 16

SAM, SA-7/GRAIL or SA-14/GREMLINor SA-16 6 36 30 21 93

SPAA Gun, ZSU-23-4 or 2S6 12 4 16

ATGM Launcher Vehicle (BRDM-2),AT-3/5 9 9

ATGL, RPG-7V 3 213 146 44 13 8 15 12 4 458

30-mm Automatic Grenade Launcher,AGS-17 18 18 36

545-mm 1MG, RPK-74 3 144 102 36 25 4 314

762-mm GPMG, PKM 54 54 ____108

HELICOPTERS

Mi-2/HOPLITE 6 6

Mi-8T/HI1P C or Mi-17/HIP H____ 4 4

Mi-8T/HIP D/G 2 2

Mi-24/HIND D/E/F 6 6

ACV/ACRV/AICV/APC/ASC

ACV, BMP/BROM/BTR __ 45 21 6 6 3 2 8 __ 2 93

ACV, Recon, BRM-1 " 3 1 3 7

AICV, BMP-1/BMP-2 135 129 12 276

APC, BTR-50/6/70/80 3 12 4 0-6 3 22-28

APC, BTR-60PA (FAC) 3 1 4

MRP, PRP-3 (BMP M1975) 3 1 3 ____7

APC, MT-LB M1975"" 1 1

ASC, BRDM-2 12 4 6-12 22-28

ACRY, 1V12 Series 24 8 16 ____48

ACRV, M1979 (1/2/3) 8 8

GENERAL PURPOSE TRUCKS

Truck, UAZ-69/469 12 51 23 21 7 1 5 8 12 6 5 2 4 2 159

Truck, GAZ-66 9 99 62 31 19 6 2 7 33 4 3 1 5 281

Truck, ZIL-130/131/151/157 219 14 8 3 5 22 38 16 5 21 2 353

Truck, Ura-375 81 67 72 4 16 120 6 1 367

Truck, KrAZ/ZIL/UraI 4 39 23 49 38 8 9 1 171

Truck, KrAZ-214/255 1 1

VAN TRUCKS

Truck Van, GAZ 12 4 9 6 17 2 21 1 1 1 74

Truck, Van ZIL/Ural (Command) 12 9 3 14 18 5 6 2 1 2 72

Truck, Van, ZIL (Signal) 6 2 2 4 12 26

Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance) 1 60 21 3 11 2 4 4 9 42 2 159

Truck, Van, UAZ-452 2 1 1 4 1 1 10

Truck, Van. Kitchen, PAC-170/200 15 5 2 22

Truck, Van, ZIL (AT-3/5 Simulator) 1I

Truck, Van, Hospital 9 9

Truck, Van, Mobile Field Bakery 4 4

Truck, Van, Generator 1 1

POL TRUCKS

'Dm

0.

m

3

/.

m0v

.

C,0r.

C)0.

-Ir

TANK DIVISION(T-64/72/80)

4Q 4V0 4r .40,

Oil 44040' OVI~ot m w

'b ' r N4a.~y , p t 4 V v V

v v v .j p v 4 4W C V '

CHEMICAL RECONNAISSANCEVEHICLES

Chemical Reconnaissance Vehicle,BRDM-2rkh/RKhM 9 3 4 3 4 4 27

SPECIAL PURPOSE VEHICLESTruck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452 1 27 9 7 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 20 72Truck, Water Tank 12 4 3 6 1 3 29Truck, Tractor, KrAZ-214/255 2 2Truck, Crane, K-61 3 1 1 5 10Truck, Crane, Ural-375 2 1 2 3 8Truck, Crane Shovel, E-305y 6 2 2 10Truck, Dump, MMZ-555 6 2 3 11Truck, Recovery, ZIL-157 2 2Truck, Sawmill, Ural-375 (LRV Saw) 1 1Truck, Water Purification 1 1Truck, Mine Detector, DIM 3 3Truck-Tractor, SA-6 Canister

Transporter 15 15Semitrailer, SA-6 Canister Transporter 15 15Truck, SA-6 Missile Transloader

ZIL-131 15 15Sedan, GAZ-24 2 3 1 6FROG/SSM Transport Vehicle 4 4Motorcycle, M-72/K-750V/Ural-3 18 6 13 3 40Armored Recovery Vehicle 15 3 1 5 24Armored Maintenance Vehicle, MTP 3Tractor, Artillery, AT-S I 1ENGINEER EQUIPMENTArmored Engineer Tractor, IMR 2 2Bridge, Tank-Launched, MTU/MT-55 9 1 10Bridge, Truck-Launched, TMM 12 - 8 -24

Tracked Ferry, GSP 6 6PMP Center Section on KrAZ-214 16 16PMP Ramp Section on KrAZ-214 2 2PMP Service Truck, KrAZ-214 1 1Tracked Amphibian, K-61/PTS 12 1 13Ditching Machine, BTM/MDK 3 1 4 8Dozer, BAT/BAT-M/PKT 3 1 8 12Grader, D-144 2 2Bucket Excavator, PZM 9 3 12Mineclearer, MTK/MTK-2 2 2Mineclearing Plow, KMT-4/6 81 9 90Pile Driver Set, KMS (on 3 ZIL

Trucks) 1 1Powerboat, BMK-90/150 (on ZIL

Truck) 6 6Minelayer, SP Armored, GMZ 3 3Minelayer, Towed PMR-3 9 3 12Tractor, K-700 2 2Water Purification Set, MAFS 3 1 4Assault Boat, Inflatable, NDL-10 10 10Concrete Mixer 1 1TRAILERSTrailer, Lowboy 1 2 3Trailer, POL 1 54 20 14 7 2 2 1 80 4 2 187Trailer, Cargo, 1-Axle 15 7 4 10 2 38Trailer, Cargo. 2-Axle 4 204 56 91 15 2 - 122 14 10 2 526Trailer, Generator, 1-Axle 1 18 7 2 13 2 6 49Trailer, Generator, 2-Axle 2 12 4 4 4 2 2 10 6 1 2 2 51Trailer, Water 1 18 7 5 4 1 1 3 1 7 1 4 1 54Trailer, Field Kitchen 3 27 15 H1 H1 1 5 2 - 3 4 - - 86Trailer, Decontamination, DKV/DDP

(Continued)

mO

m

a

m

'II

dV3

Cm.

O.

O

.4

7

Cma

TANK DIVISION(T-64/72/80)

Q y P~

O tv

/t ' 2 '

2 oy! ! J o l(I i0. .

! Gp l v- .-."4 V lvr ! ~p .< ! / 414 !

yy v0 r ! ! r~c <V! ! y4V V ^ ! ' y V y - - % <

Trailer, Van, 2-Axle 13 13

Trailer, Amphibious. PKP- 3

Trailer, Compressor 1 1

Trailer, Saw. 2-Axle I 1

ARTILLERY-ASSOCIATEDEQUIPMENT

Rangefinder 15 8 11 2 36

Sound Ranging Set 1 1

RADARS

Radar, Battlefield SurveillanceBIG FRED 1 I

Radar. Battefield Surveillance, SMALLFRED 3 1 3 7

Radar. Battlefield Surveillance, TALLMIKE 3 1 3 7

Radar. Counter-Mortar/Counter-Battery I

Radar, Aerial Surveillance, Target 2 2Acquisition, LONG TRACK

Radar, Height Finding. THIN SKIN 1 1

Radar, Fire Control STRAIGHT FLUSH 5 5

Radar, Meteorological, END TRAY12 2 5

SIGINT EQUIPMENT

Intercept Receiver, VHF/UHF 9 9

Radio DF HF/VFH/UHF 3 3

Radar DF 3 3 6

RADIOS

HF or VHF, Manpack. Low-Power 12 4 16

HF. Manpack, Low-Power, R-104M 30 6 1 2 2 6 9 5 1 2 1 2 67

HF, Vehicle-Mount, Medium-Power,R-130 63 14 5 4 8 1 95

HF, Van-Mount, High-Power, R-118 3 i 4

HF/VHF, Vehicle-Mount, Medium-Power 6 2 5 4 4 6 2 7 1 1 1 4 43

HF/VHF. Vehicle-Mount, High-Power 6 2 1 2 1 2 2 8 24

VHF, Portable, Low-Power, R-148 60 60 1 3 124

VHf, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 132 75 60 11 17 12 20 4 5 3 6 345

VHF, Vehicle-Mount, Medium-PowerR-123 3 630 252 64 37 40 25 6 4 4 1065

Warning Receiver, R-311 39 13 7 7 1 5 1 3 1 1 1 79

Radio Relay, VHF/UHF, R-401/405/409 _ 6 2 1 1 1 1 6 18

Radio Telegraph 6Communications Center, Signal Distri

bution Van 2 2

Radio Transceiver, Portable. Very-Low-Power, R-147 12 12 24

_ __

i

FM 100-2-3

COMBINED ARMS ARMY

Combined Arms Army

A typical CAA consists primarily of two to threeMRDs and up to two TDs. Based on army struc-tures identified in WGF in recent years, the ratioof MRDs to TDs in a CAA can vary from a pure3:0 to a perhaps more typical 3:1 or a more

balanced 2:2. However, other combinations may bepossible. Therefore, the organizational charts belowdepict a variable number of divisions and all thedifferent nondivisional CS and CSS elements whichcould be part of any given CAA.

MAINTENANCE MATERIAL SUPPORT HEAVY LIFTREGIMENT BRIGADE REGIMENT

page 4-127

(continued)

FOOTNOTES. In 1989. the Soviets began converting independent tank regiments (TRs) toindependent motorized rifle regiments (IMRRs), presumably organized likeother MRRs. (See p. 4-30.)

"Also known as a mobile computation and analysis station.*4*Also known as a radio intercept and direction-finding battalion.

***Also known as a radio and radar intercept and direction-finding battalion.

NOTE: Armies in WGF are consolidating division-level SS-21 battalions intoarmy-level SSM brigades.

4-116

FM 100-2-3

Combined Arms Army (continued)

ARMORED VEHICLE DRONEREPAIR SQUADRON

BATTALION (ESTIMATED)

I ICHEMICAL I RADIOLOGICAL

PROTECTION AND CHEMICALTTION RECONNAISSANCE

BATTALION BATTALION

page 4-123

I IMOBILE ANALYTICAL

SMOKE PLOTTING STATION**BATTALION (RAST)(RAST)

I I'MEDICAL RAILROADTRANSPORT CONSTRUCTIONBATTALION BRIGADE

I IINDEPENDENT

SIGNAL RADIO RELAYREGIMENT IBATTALIONpage 4-126

I IRADIO RADIOTECHNICAL

RECONNAISSANCE RECONNAISSANCE

BATTALION*** BATTALION **'**

page 4-126

MOBILE ROCKETTECHNICAL BASE

(PRTB)

TRAFFICCONTROL

BATTALION

AIR

SIGNALSCOMPANY

REARSERVICES

4-117

AIR DEFENSE ROCKET

TECHNICAL BASE(ZRTB)

FLAMETHROWERBATTALION

MEDICALBRIGADE

ISPECIAL

PROPAGANDADETACHMENT

EARLY

WARNINGBATTALION

AIRFIELDTECHNICALCOMPANY/BATTALION

FM 100-2-3

TANK ARMY

Tank Army

A typical TA consists primarily of three to fourTDs and perhaps one MRD. Based on army struc-tures identified in WGF in recent years, the ratioof TDs to MRDs in a TA can vary from a pure4:0 to more balanced 4:1, 3:1, or 2:1 structures.

ARTILLERY COMMANDROCKET LAUNCHER ARTILLERY COMMAND

REGIMENT AND CONTROLBATTALION

page 4-120

INDEPENDENT SPETSNAZAIR ASSAULT COMPANY/

BATTALION BATTALION

page 4-128 page 4-129

I IPONTON

ENGINEER BRIDGE

BRIGADE REGIMENT

page 4-124 page 4-125

However, other combinations may be possible.Therefore, the organizational charts below depicta variable number of divisions and all the differentnondivisional CS and CSS elements which couldbe part of any given TA.

(continued)

NOTE: Armies in WGF are consolidating division-level SS-21 battalions into army-level SSMbrigades.

4-118

FM 100-2-3

Tank Army (continued)

ARMORED VEHICLE DRONEREPAIR SQUADRON

BATTALION (ESTIMATED)

I ICHEMICAL RADIOLOGICAL

POETOAND CHEMICALPROTECTION j RECONNAISSANCEBATTALION BATTALION

page 4-123

I ISMOKE MOBILE ANALYTICAL

BATTALION PLOTTING STATION(RAST)

I IMEDICAL RAILROAD

TRANSPORT CONSTRUCTIONBATTALION BRIGADE

I ISIGNAL INDEPENDENT

REGIMENT RADIO RELAYBATTALION

page 4.126

MOBILE ROCKETTECHNICAL BASE

(PRTB)

NUCLEAR BURSTDIRECTION FINDING(NBDF) BATTALION

TRAFFICCONTROL

BATTALION

AIR

SIGNALSCOMPANY

AIR DEFENSE ROCKET

TECHNICAL BASE

(ZRTB)

FLAMETHROWER

BATTALION

MEDICALBRIGADE

SPECIALPROPAGANDA

DETACHMENT

EARLYWARNINGBATTALION

RADIO REAR AIRFIELD TECHNICALRECONNAISSANCE SERVICES COMPANY/

BATTALION **SERVICES BATTALION

FOOTNOTES. *Also known as a mobile computation and analysis station.**Also known as a radio intercept and direction-finding battalion.

4-119

FM 100-2-3

Artillery Brigade, Army

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment Total5 x 18-Tube Battalion 4 x 24-Tube Battalion

152-mm Field Gun 2A36 or152-mm SP Gun 2S5 or130-mm Field Gun M-46.................... 36.......................48

152-mm Gun-Howitzer D-20 orML-20 or M1987 ........................... 54 ....................... 48

NOTES 1. While some armies, particularly those in the forward area, have an artillery brigadewith four 24-tube battalions, most armies have an artillery brigade consisting oftwo gun battalions and three gun-howitzer battalions, with only 18 tubes perbattalion.

2. Some battalions still have the older 130-mm field gun M-46 or 152-mm gun-howitzer ML-20.

Rocket Launcher Regiment, Army

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment122-mm Rocket Launcher (40-Round) BM-21

Total.. 54

4-120

FM 100-2-3

Antitank Regiment, Army

(See page 4-72)

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment Total100-mm Antitank Gun T-12/MT-12.............36ATGM Launcher Vehicle (BRDM-2), AT-3/5 . ... 27

4-121

FM 100-2-3

SSM Brigade (SCUD), Army or Front

2 TELS per battery

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Total EquipmentSSM, SS-lc/SCUD B TEL ............. 12 or 18*

TotalMeteorological Radar, END TRAY............... 3

NOTE. The 1987 INF Treaty calls for elimination of the SS-23 from the Soviet inventory.

FOOTNOTE. An SSM battalion may consist of either two or three firing batteries; therefore,a battalion may have 4 or 6 TELs, and a brigade may have 12 or 18 TELs.There is at least one reload missile per TEL.

4-122

Equipment

FM 100-2-3

SAM Brigade (SA-4), Army or Front

3 launchers per battery

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentSAM, SA-4/GANEFRadar, Fire Control,

Total (estimated)TEL ..................... 27PAT HAND................ 9

Equipment Total (estimated)

Radar, Target Acquisition, LONG TRACK......... 5Radar, Height Finding, THIN SKIN .............. 1

NOTES: 1. This chart depicts the key subunits of an SA-4 brigade; thus, not all of thebrigade's subunits are shown.

2. The SA-11 is replacing the SA-4 in army-level SAM brigades, but under a dif-ferent organization. The SA-12a/GLADIATOR and the SA-12b/GIANT are replac-ing the SA-4 in nondivisional SAM units, but under an organization differentfrom that of the SA-4 or the SA-11.

Chemical Protection Battalion, Army

4-123

FM 100-2-3

Engineer Brigade, Army or Front

HEADQUARTERSAND SERVICES

COMBAT ENGINEER(SAPPER)-

BATTALION

- U -

OBSTACLECLEARINGBATTALION

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentACV, BRDM-2 ....................APC, BTR-60 ....................Truck, UAZ-469..................Truck, ZIL-131 /151 /157 ............Truck, KrAZ-255 ..................Armored Recovery Vehicle..........Bridge, TMM on KrAZ-255 ..........Bridge. Tank-Launched, MTU/MT-55.Bridge, Section, PMP on KrAZ-255 ...

Total

19.... 82

... 25

..2012-14

... 32

Equipment TotalBridge Ramp, PMP on KrAZ-255 ............... 4Tracked Ferry, GSP........................ 24Tracked Amphibian, K-61 /PTS ................ 28Ditching Machine, BTM/MDK-2..............12Dozer, BAT/BAT-M/PKT ..................... 15Powerboat, BMK-150 ....................... 15Minelayer, PMR-3/GMZ.....................13Armored Engineer Tractor, IMR ................ 6Mineclearer, MTK/MTK-2 ..................... 3

NOTE: Structure and number/type of equipment vary.

4-124

ROAD ANDBRIDGE

BATTALION

OBSTACLEBATTALION

PONTONBRIDGE

BATTALION

FM 100-2-3

Assault Crossing Battalion, Army or Front

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentACV, BRDM-2 ..........Truck, UAZ-469.........Truck, ZIL-131/151/157.Armored Engineer Tractor,Armored Recovery Vehicle

IMR

Total... . . . . . . 4... . . . . . . 2... . .. . . . 10... . . . . . . 3... . . . . . . 3

EquipmentTracked Ferry, GSP...........Tracked Amphibian, K-61 /PTS .Ditching Machine, BTM/MDK-2Dozer, BAT/BAT-M/PKT.......

Total... . . . . .40... . . . . .36... . .. . . . 3... . .. . . . 3

Ponton Bridge Regiment, Army or Front

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

EquipmentACV, BRDM-2 ....................Truck, UAZ-469..................Truck, ZIL-131 /151 /157 ............Truck, KrAZ-255 ..................Armored Recovery Vehicle..........Bridge, TMM on KrAZ-255 ..........

Total.. .10

....5.... 60

....5

....3

....4

EquipmentBridge Section, PMP on KrAZ-255..........Bridge Ramp, PMP on KrAZ-255 ...........Tracked Amphibian, K-61 /PTS .............Ditching Machine, BTM/MDK-2............Dozer, BAT/BAT-M/PKT .................Powerboat, BMK-150/BMK-T ..............

Total.. 96..12

.. 36

4-125

FM 100-2-3

Signal Regiment, Army

HEADQUARTERSAND SERVICES

RADIO BATTALION WIRE BATTALION RADIO RELAYBATTALION

Radiotechnical Reconnaissance Battalion, Army

RADIOTECHNICA1RECONNAISSANCE

BATTALION

HEADQUARTERSAND SERVICES

RADIO INTERCEPTCOMPANY

RADIODIRECTION-FINDING

COMPANY

RADAR INTERCEPTAND DIRECTION-FINDING

COMPANY

NOTE: This battalion is also known as a radio and radar intercept and direction-findingbattalion.

4-126

FM 100-2-3

Materiel Support Brigade, Army

HEADQUARTERSAND SERVICES

MOTOR TRANSPORT11 POL TRANSPORTBATTALION BATTALION

I TANK TRANSPORT! II HEAVY LIFT BATTALION"I IL-------------

FOOTNOTE *A tank transport/heavy lift battalion, equipped with MAZ-537 heavy tank trans-porters, may be attached to the brigade when the mission dictates.

Attack Helicopter Regiment, Army

HIND SQUADRON HIP SQUADRON MAINTENANCE FLIGHT SERVICES

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment TotalAttack Helicopter, Mi-24/HIND D/E/F...........40

Equipment TotalMedium Helicopter, Mi-8T/HIP C/E or

Mi-17/HIP H...............................20

4-127

__

FM 100-2-3

Independent Air Assault Battalion, Army

INDEPENDENTAIR ASSAULT

BATTALION500

RECONNAISSANCEPLATOON

PARACHUTECOMPANY

page 4-142

p

SIGNALPLATOON

MORTARBATTERY

AUTOMATICGRENADE LAUNCHER

PLATOON

MEDICALPLATOON

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment Total120-mm Mortar, M1943 or M-120 ............. 8SAM, SA-7/GRAIL or SA-14/GREMLIN or

SA -16 .................................... 930-mm Automatic Grenade Launcher, AGS-17 ... 6

Equipment TotalATGL, RPG-16D ............................ 27AAICV, BMD-1 ............................. 13APC, BMD M 1979/1 ......................... 3ACV, BMD-1KSh ............................ 1

NOTES. 1. This represents a provisional assessment of the strength, organization, and equip-ment of the independent air assault battalion, based on fragmentary informationfrom several sources.

2. An army may have more than one of these battalions.3. The battalion has no organic lift capability.

4-128

ASSAULTCOMPANY

(BMD)

page 4-141

BATTALIONHEADQUARTERS

AIR DEFENSEPLATOON

FM 100-2-3

SPETSNAZ Company or Battalion, Army

SPETSNAZCOMPANY/BATTALION

97-232_, _ " / ,

COMPANY/BATTALION

HEADQUARTERS6

SPETSNAZ SIGNAL(PARACHUTE) PLATOON/COMPANY

PLATOON/COMPANY 18 117-62

I=

SUPPLY ANDSERVICEPLATOON

16

3-5 Teams

(see below)

NOTES. 1. The structure of army-level SPETSNAZ units is not fixed. Some armies may havea SPETSNAZ battalion, while others may have only a company. The chart aboverepresents a provisional assessment of army-level SPETSNAZ strength and organi-zation, based on fragmentary information from several sources.

2. The total number of teams which an army-level SPETSNAZ organization can deployvaries from 10 to 15.

SPETSNAZ Team, SPETSNAZ Company, Army or Front

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Personnel

Team Leader (Officer) .............................. AKS-74 or

Assistant Team Leader

SPETSNAZ (Warrant Officer or Sergeant) ..................... AKS-74 orTEAM 1-2 x Radio Operator ...................... R-350M, AKS-74 or

1 4-11 1-2 x W eapons Specialist ........................ ............

1-2 x Demolition Specialist ......................... AKS-74 or

0-4 x Reconnaissance Specialist ..................... AKS-74 or

NOTES. 1. Team composition is not fixed. The organization above shows the variations whichmay exist within what may be a typical SPETSNAZ team.

2. in keeping with its behind-the-lines missions, the SPETSNAZ team is lightlyequipped. Each soldier normally has an assault rifle, a silenced pistol, a knife,and up to eight hand grenades of various types. In addition, the team's equipmentnormally includes an R-350M burst-transmission radio, an SVD sniper rifle, anRPG-16D antitank grenade launcher, directional mines, and explosives. The teamcan also receive SA-7/14/16 shoulder-fired SAMs or man-portable ATGMs.

EquipmentAKSU-74, PM

AKSU-74,AKSU-74,RPG-16D,AKSU-74,AKSU-74,

4-129

FM 100-2-3

FRONT

Front

The front is the highest Soviet operational com-mand in wartime. It is both an administrative andan operational entity, incorporating the air andground forces required for operations in a givenarea. No fronts exist in peacetime, although thebasic elements of a wartime front (that is, thecombat and CS units and the rudimentary frame-work of the CSS units) are present in the peacetimestructures of the military districts in the USSRand Soviet groups of forces in Eastern Europe. Inwartime, Soviet force developers will activate fronts.They will organize each front for a specific stra-tegic operation within a TVD, based on theiranalysis of the objectives, enemy, and terrain. Thus,there is no fixed front organization. Historically,fronts have varied greatly in size, consisting ofas few as two and as many as nine armies. Today,however, a typical front may have three to fiveSoviet/non-Soviet CAAs or TAs.

Most fronts which could be formed throughoutthe Soviet Army would have three to four CAAsand perhaps one TA. This may not be the casein the Western TVD, where there is a greaterpercentage of TDs versus MRDs and, consequently,a greater percentage of TAs versus CAAs. Forexample, the WGF, which could form the nucleus

of a front in wartime, currently has three TAs andonly two CAAs.

In addition to these ground armies, a typicalfront may have air forces of the front, one or twoartillery divisions, SSM brigades, a SAM brigade,an air assault brigade, and a SPETSNAZ brigade.If required, the front may receive support fromairborne and amphibious forces. The TVD mayreceive additional assets from the Reserve of theSupreme High Command (RVGK), which it, inturn, may allocate to the front. The front may alsoreceive support from assets of the Strategic RocketForces (SRF), strategic aviation, naval forces, rail-road troops, and Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD)and KGB units.

Due to the wide variety in types and numbersof units which may make up a given front, con-struction of a sample front structure is impossible.Instead, the following charts depict all of the dif-ferent units that could be allocated to any givenfront, depending on its mission within the contextof the overall strategic operation. Not all frontswould have all these units present. Many of theunits may be modified to suit the particular needsof the front. More than one of some types of unitswill probably be present; for example, SSM brigadesor ponton bridge regiments.

4-130

FM 100-2-3

Front

FRONT

AIR FORCESII OF THE FRONT

i!page 4-133

ARTILLERY

II

page 4-135

AIR ASSAULTBRIGADE

page 4-139

I AIRMOBILE !I II ASSAULT II BRIGADE II IL -----------

page 4-140

MAINTENANCEREGIMEN T

MISSILETRANSPORTBATTALION

HIGH-POWERED II II ARTILLERYI BRIGADE II IL. -- . -------. J

page 4-136

ISPETSNAZBRIGADE

page 4-143

I AIRBORNE II DIVISION * II II I

page 4-149

ARMORED VEHICLEREPAIR

BATTALION

MISSILEFUEL

BATTALION

U

U

SSM BRIGADE I(SCUD) I

page 4- 122page 4.122

SAM BRIGADE(SA-4)

page 4-123

PONTON 1BRIDGE

REGIMENT I

page 4-125

p-

MATERIELSUPPORTBRIGADE

page 4-127

p

MOBILE ROCKETTECHNICAL BASE

(PRTB)

ENGINEERBRIGADE

page 4-124

ASSAULT iCROSSING IBATTALION I1:

".-- 'JJ

page 4-125

I I

I HEAVY LIFT II REGIMENT* II II IL.---------J

AIR DEFENSEROCKET

TECHNICAL BASE(ZRTB)

(continued)

4-131

iaFRO T I COMBIl

FM 100-2-3

Front (continued)

CHEMICALPROTECTION

BRIGADE

page 4 137

SMOKEBATTALION

MEDICALTRANSPORTBATTALION

RAILROADCONSTRUCTION

BRIGADE

SIGNALBRIGADE

page 4 137

RADIORECONNAISSANCE

REGIMENT***

AIR DEFENSEJAMMINGREGIMENT

CHEMICAL

BATTALIONOF THE REAR

RADIOLOGICALAND CHEMICAL

RECONNAISSANCEBATTALION

_______________________________m

MOBILE ANALYTICALPLOTTING STATION**

(RAST)

EPIDEMIC CONTROLDETACHMENT/

BATTALION

TOPOGEODETICBATTALION

NUCLEAR BURSTDIRECTION FINDING(NBDF) BATTALION

-- U

MOBILEHOSPITALBASE

U

TRAFFICCONTROL

BRIGADE

U

RVGK SIGNALBRIGADE*

F~TECHNICAF1 U

RADIOTECHNICALRECONNAISSANCEREGIMENT ""

page 4-138

INDEPENDENTRADIO RELAY

BATTALION

RADIOTECHNICALRECONNAISSANCE

BRIGADE****"

U

EARLY WARNINGREGIMENT/

BRIGADE

PIPELINEBRIGADE

FOOTNOTES. *RVGK assets allocated through TVD to front.

IU

AIRFIELD

TECHNICALCOMPANY/BATTALION

REARSERVICES

"*Also known as a mobile computation and analysis station.*"Also known as a radio intercept and direction-finding regiment.

""Also known as a radio and radar intercept and direction-finding regiment(brigade).

4-132

PERSONNEL

AND EQUIPMENTDECONTAMINATION

BATTALION

MEDICALDETACHMENT

(OMO)

REARHOSPITAL

BASE

SPECIALPROPAGANDA

COMPANY

AIR

SIGNALSCOMPANY

RADIOJAMMINGREGIMENT

SECURITY ANDSERVICES

DETACHMENT

FM 100-2-3

Air Forces of the Front

page 4-134

NOTES. 1. The Air Forces of the Front have no fixed organization and may tailor their struc-ture to meet specific needs. A typical Air Forces of the Front would include twoor three divisions of fighters and fighter-bombers and one or more independentregiments of reconnasissance aircraft, in addition to helicopter units of the typesshown above.

2. The Air Forces of the WGF, which comprise the largest concentration of air forcesin peacetime, include more than 700 combat aircraft, over 350 attack helicopters,and about 300 other aircraft and helicopters. These assets are organized intofive air divisions (one fighter division, two fighter/fighter-bomber divisions, andtwo fighter-bomber divisions) and at least ten independent regiments (three airreconnaissance regiments, two transport helicopter regiments, and five attackhelicopter regiments). While the five attack helicopter regiments belong organi-zationally to the Air Forces of the WGF, they are under the operational controlof the five CAAs and TAs of the WGF.

FOOTNOTES. *Fighter and fighter-bomber divisions have the same basic structure, asshown on p. 4-134.

"A fighter/fighter-bomber division has a mix of the aircraft types shown forthe fighter division and the fighter-bomber division.

*'"The general-purpose helicopter squadron normally has 20 to 30 helicopters.

4-133

__

FM 100-2-3

Fighter or Fighter-Bomber Division,Air Force of the Front

NOTE. Each fighter or fighter-bomber regiment has 45 aircraft (in three squadrons of 15aircraft each). This total includes up to 5 trainer aircraft per regiment that can serveas combat aircraft.

Transport Helicopter Regiment,Air Forces of the Front

HEAVY-LIFT MEDIUM-LIFTSQUADRON SQUADRON MAINTENANCE FLIGHT SERVICESI I I 1

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment TotalHeavy-Lift Helicopter, Mi-6A/HOOK

or Mi-26/HALO A ........................ 24

Equipment Total

Medium Helicopter. Mi-8T/HIP Cor Mi-17/HIP H ............................ 32

4-134

FM 100-2-3

Artillery Division, Front

SIGNAL ENGINEER CHEMICAL MEDICALCOMPANY COMPANY PROTECTION COMPANY

COMPANY

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment Total122-mm Howitzer D-30 or M-30 .............. 72152-mm Gun-Howitzer D-20 or ML-20 or

M1987 or 152-mm SP Howitzer 2S3 ....... 144152-mm Field Gun 2A36 or 203-mm

SP Gun 2S7 ............................... 72

Equipment Total220-mm Rocket Launcher (16-Round)

BM-22 or 122-mm Rocket Launcher(40-Round) BM -21 .......................... 72

100-mm Antitank Gun T-12/MT-12 ............ 48

ATGM Launcher Vehicle (BRDM-2), AT-3/5 .... 36

NOTE: In some artillery divisions, howitzer, gun-howitzer, and gun brigades consist of four18-tube battalions, while in other artillery divisions, these brigades consist of three24-tube battalions.

FOOTNOTES. *Some gun brigades (for example, one in WGF) may have the 203-mm SPgun 2S7. In some artillery divisions, gun brigades may still have the older130-mm field gun M-46.

"*Most artillery divisions have a mixture of 122-mm howitzer and 152-mmgun-howitzer brigades; others (for example, in WGF) employ only 152-mmhowitzers or gun-howitzers.

*The rocket launcher brigade normally consists of four battalions, each with18 BM-22 rocket launchers. Some brigades may still have the 122-mmrocket launcher (40-round) BM-21, which the BM-22 is replacing in theforward area.

""Equipment totals given are for an antitank brigade with four antitank bat-talions of the type shown on p. 4-72, although some artillery divisions, suchas those in WGF, may have no antitank unit.

4-135

FM 100-2-3

High-Powered Artillery Brigade, Front

2 tubes each 2 tubes each

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment203-mm SP Gun, 2S7 or 203-mm Howitzer

M1931 (B-4M) ........................

Total Equipment

..... 24

Total

240-mm SP Mortar, 2S4 or 240-mm MortarM-240 ..................................... 24

NOTE. A high-powered artillery brigade from the Reserve of the Supreme High Command(RVGK) will probably be allocated to a front. This nuclear-capable brigade is not partof the front's artillery division.

4-136

FM 100-2-3

Chemical Protection Brigade, Front

HEADQUARTERSAND SERVICES

COMPANY

SIGNALCHEMICALSIGNALCOMPANY I PROTECTION

BATTALION

CHEMICALRECONNAISSANCE

BATTALION

Signal Brigade, Front

SIGNALBRIGADE

HEADQUARTERS COMMAND POSTAND SERVICES

m

RADIO RELAYBATTALION

j

MESSENGER UNIT

4-137

WIRE REGIMENT

FM 100-2-3

Radiotechnical Reconnaissance Regiment, Front

RADIOTECHNICALRECONNAISSANCE

REGIMENT

RADIO INTERCEPTBATTALION

RADIODIRECTION-FINDING

BATTALION

RADAR INTERCEPTAND DIRECTION-

FINDING BATTALION

NOTE. This regiment is also known as a radio and radar intercept and direction-finding regi-ment.

Materiel Support Brigade. Front

MATERIELSUPPORTBRIGADE

MOTOR TRANSPORTREGIMENT

POL TRANSPORTREGIMENT

TANK TRANSPORT!HEAVY LIT BATTALION

HEADQUARTERSAND SERVICES

HEADQUARTERSAND SERVICES

4-138

FM 100-2-3

Air Assault Brigade, Front

BRIGADEHEADQUARTERS

COMPOSITEARTILLERYBATTALION

page 4-143

PARACHUTERIGGING AND

RESUPPLY COMPANY

ASSAULTBATTALION

(BMD)

page 4-141

PARACHUTEBATTALION

page 4-142U

AIR DEFENSEARTILLERY

BATTERY

ENGINEERCOMPANY

U

TRANSPORT ANDMAINTENANCE

COMPANY

CHEMICALPROTECTION

PLATOON

SUPPLYCOMPANY

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

RECONNAISSANCECOMPANY

SIGNALCOMPANY

MEDICALPLATOON

Equipment Total120-mm Mortar, M1943 or M-120 ............ 32

122-mm Howitzer, D-30 ................... 12-18

122-mm Rocket Launcher (12-Round) BM-21V ... 6

SAM, SA-7/GRAIL or SA-14/GREMLINor SA-16 ............................. ..... 45

23-mm AA Gun, ZU-23 ........................ 6

Equipment TotalATGM Manpack Console, AT-4/SPIGOT ........ 1273-mm Recoilless AT Gun, SPG-9 ............... 6ATGL, RPG-16D ............................. 150

30-mm Automatic Grenade Launcher,AG S-17 .................... ............... 24

AAICV, BMD-1 and variants ................... 68

NOTES. 1.This represents a provisional assessment of the strength, organization, and equip-ment of the air assault brigade, based on fragmentary information from severalsources.

2. Air transport support units required for deployment may be allocated to the brigadefrom Military Transport Aviation (VTA) assets. Either transport aircraft or heavy-lifthelicopters could air-land the BMD-equipped battalions or insert the parachute bat-talions by parachute. Helicopters could also air-land the parachute battalions.

FOOTNOTE. *Some air assault brigades may have a different mix, consisting of one BMD-equipped assault battalion and three parachute battalions.

4-139

FM 100-2-3

Airmobile Assault Brigade, Front

PARACHUTEBATTALION'

page 4-142

SIGNAL TRANSPORTCOMPANY COMPANY

SUPPLY ANDMAINTENANCE

COMPANY

HOWITZERBATTERY

CHEMICALPROTECTION

PLATOON

I TRANSPORT II HELICOPTER II REGIMENT II II (AF OF THE FRONT) IL ...I,,,~

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment Total120-mm Mortar, M1943 or M-120 ............ 24122-mm Howitzer, D-30 ......................... 6SAM, SA-7/GRAIL or SA-14/GREMLIN

or SA-16 .................................. 36ATGM Launcher Vehicle (BRDM-2),

AT-3/SAGGER or AT-5/SPANDREL ............ 9

Equipment TotalATGM Manpack Console, AT-4/SPIGOT ........ 1873-mm Recoilless AT Gun, SPG-9 .............. 9ATGL, RPG-16D ............................ 11430-mm Auto Grenade Launcher, AGS-17 ...... 18ACV, BRDM-2 ......... ........................ 4

NOTES. 1. This represents a provisional assessment of the strength, organization, and equip-ment of the airmobile assault brigade, based on fragmentary information fromseveral sources.

2. The helicopter is the primary mode of transportation for the airmobile assaultbrigade. Helicopters organic to the Air Forces of the Front may come under theoperational control of the brigade headquarters. However, Military TransportAviation (VTA) assets may also lift the brigade.

FOOTNOTE. *The parachute battalions in the airmobile assault brigade are sometimes calledairmobile assault battalions.

4-140

BRIGADEHEADQUARERS

_

MEDICAL

PLATOON

FM 100-2-3

Assault Battalion (BMD), Air Assault Brigade, Front

ASSAULBATTALIK

(BMD)

U

BATTALION

HEADQUARTERS

1 xACV, BMD-1KSh

ASSAULT MORTARCOMPANY BATTERY

(BMD)

Each: 8 x120-mm Mortar,10 xAAICV, BMD-1 M1943 OR M-1209 x ATGL, RPG-16D

AUTOMATICGRENADE LAUNCHER

PLATOON

6 x30-mm AutomaticGrenade Launcher,AGS- 17

3 x APC, BMD M 1979/ 1

AIR DEFENSEPLATOON

9 xSAM, SA-7/ GRAIL orSA- 14/GREMLINor SA-16

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment TotalATGL, RPG-16D ........................... 27

SAM, SA-7/GRAIL or SA-14/GREMLIN orSA-16 .................................... 9

30-mm Automatic Grenade Launcher, AGS-17 ... 6

Equipment120-mm Mortar, M1943 or M-120 ..........AAICV, BMD-1 ..........................APC, BMD M1979/1 .....................ACV, BMD-1KSh........................

Total

.30

4-141

FM 100-2-3

Parachute Battalion, Air Assault Brigadeand Airmobile Assault Brigade, Front

PARACHUTE

U

PAR4HUTT

Each:9 xATGL, RPG-1SD

FANANKPLATOON

6 x ATGM, ManpackConsole, ATA4/SPIGOT

MORTARBATTERY

8 x120-mmMortar, M1943or M-120

AIR DEFENSEPLATOON

9 xSAM, SA-7/GRAIL or SA-14/GREMLIN or SA-16

AUTOMATICGRENADE LAUNCHER

PLATOON

6 x 30-mm AutomaticGrenade Launcher.AGS- 17

3 x 73-mm RecoillessAT Gun, SPG-9

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment TotalATGL, RPG-160..............................27SAM, SA-7/GRAIL or SA-14/GREMLIN

or SA-'16...................................9

ATGM, Manpack Console, AT-4/SPIGOT..........630-mm Automatic Grenade Launcher, AGS-17 ... 6

NOTE. In the airmobile assault brigade, the parachute battalionassault battalion.

Equipment Total73-mm Recoilless AT Gun, SPG-9...............3120-mm Mortar, M1943 or M-120.............. 8

may be called an airmobile

4-142

BATTALIONHEADQUARTERS

FM 100-2-3

Composite Artillery Battalion, Air Assault Brigade, Front

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment122-mm Howitzer D-30 ...

Total.............. 12-18

Equipment122-mm Rocket Launcher (12-Round) BM-21V

SPETSNAZ Brigade, Front

page 4-129

NOTES. 1. Brigade structure is not fixed. This chart represents a provisional assessment ofwhat may be a typical SPETSNAZ brigade's strength and organization, based onfragmentary information from several sources.

2. A brigade may deploy about 80 to 100 SPETSNAZ teams.

4-143

Total

... 6

_ ___ __

FM 100-2-3

Airborne Forces

Soviet airborne forces are directly subordinateto the VGK or the wartime Stavka VGK, withoperational control exercised by the Chief of theGeneral Staff. In wartime, some airborne units

would be allocated to TVDs and possibly, in turn,to fronts or armies for specific missions. Otherairborne units would remain under VGK control.

AIRBORNE REGIMENT STRUCTURE (BMD)BMD Squad

BMD SQUAD

0 7

Personnel EquipmentSquad Leader/BMD Commander ......... AKS-74BMD Driver/Mechanic ..................... PMBM D Gunner ............................. PMMachine Gunner ..................... RPKS-74

Grenadier ....................... RPG-16D, PM

Assistant Squad Leader/SeniorRifleman ............................ AKS-74

Rifleman/Assistant Grenadier ........... AKS-74

Airborne Battalion, Airborne Regiment,

Company Commander .. PMDeputy Commander/

Political Officer ..... PM

Senior Technician ..... PMFirst Sergeant ..... AKS-74BMD Gunner ......... PMBMD Driver/

Mechanic .......... PM

1 1 0Platoon Leader ....... PMAssistant Platoon (See above)

Leader ......... AKS-74

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment Total9-mm Pistol, PM ......................... ... 355.45-mm Assault Rifle, AKS-74 ............... 31

5.45-mm Light Machine Gun, RPKS-74 ......... 9Antitank Grenade Launcher, RPG-16D .......... 9AAICV, BMD-1 ............................. 10

Equipment Total

Radios:VHF, Portable, Low-Power, R-148 ............ 4VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 ............ 1VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power,

R-123 ................................. 10

NOTE. The company commander's RTO comes from the battalion signal platoon and is notpart of the BMD company personnel total.

4-144

Airborne Company,Airborne Division

FM 100-2-3

Airborne Battalion, Airborne Regiment, Airborne Division

AIRBORNEBATTALION

(BMD)316

BATLION~HEADQUARTERSjL 14i

1 xACV, BMD-1KSh1 xVHF, Manpack,

Low-Power, R-1071 xVHF, Vehicle Mount,

Medium-Power, R-1231 x Warning Receiver, R-311

AUTOMATICGRENADE LAUNCHER

PLATOON

6 x30-mm AutomaticGrenade Launcher,AGS-17

3 xAPC, BMD 1979/1

AIRBONE~COMPANYBMD)II

page 4-144

SIGNALPLATOON

18

PLATOON1-2-9 xSAM, SA-7/GRAIL or

SA- 14/GREMLINor SA-16

3 xAPC, BMD M1979/1

U

MEDICAL

AID

STATION

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

REPAIRWORKSHOP

7

SUPPLY ANDSERVICEPLATOON

16

EquipmentATGL, RPG-16D.....................SAM, SA-7/GRAIL or SA-14/GREMLIN

or SA-16 .........................30-mm Automatic Grenade Launcher,

AGS-17 ..........................5,45-mm LMG, RPKS-74.............AAICV, BMD-1......................APC, BMD M1979/1.................ACV, BMD-1 KSh....................Truck, UAZ-69/469 ..................Truck, GAZ-66A.....................Truck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452..

Total Equipment....30 Truck, Van. ZIL (Maintenance)...........

Trailer, Cargo, 1-Axle........................9 Trailer, Field Kitchen...................

Trailer, Water ..............................6 Radios:....27 HF/VHF. Vehicle Mount, Medium Power....30 VHF, Portable, Low-Power, R-148..........." .6 VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107.......1 VHF, Vehicle-Mount. Medium-Power,.....1 R-123.............................

....10 Ground-to-Air Radio Set....................1 Warning Receiver, R-311 1..............

Total

.1.3

12

...7

.... 35

....2

.... 1

4-145

FM 100-2-3

Airborne Regiment (BMD)

The airborne regiment has a nucleus of threeairborne battalions and three fire support subunits.These fire support subunits include one mortarbattery, one ATGM battery, and one AA battery.There are other elements that support the combatelements.

Each regiment now has over 100 BMDs in threedifferent configurations. The basic BMD-1 is thestandard squad vehicle. Air defense and automatic

REGIMENTAL AIRBORNE BATTALIONHEADQUARTERS (BMD)

60 316

page 4-145

I IANTIAIRCRAFT BATTERY ENGINEER COMPANY

45 60

grenade launcher platoons within battalions usethe BMD M1979/1. The BMD-1 KSh serves as acommand vehicle at battalion and regimentalheadquarters.

By adding the BMD to such an extent, theSoviets have upgraded troop protection, mobility,and firepower while retaining air-droppability.Only a few items within airborne regiments arenot air-droppable (for example, several trucks).

I

MORTAR BATTERY ATGM BATTERY

60 45

I i

SIGNAL COMPANY PARACHUTE RIGGINGAND RESUPPLY

50 COMPANY85

I I * I ITRANSPORT AND CHEMICALMEDICAL PLATOON SUPPLY AND

MAINTENANCE COMPANY PROTECTION MEDICAL PLATOONPLATOON 15 25

65 15 15 25

NOTE Approximately 150 personnel are officers.

4-146

(continued)

HF, Vehicle-Mount, Medium-Power, R-130

HF/VHF, Vehicle-Mount, Medium-Power

HF/VHF, Vehicle-Mount, High-Power

VHF, Portable, Low-Power, R-148

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107

VHF, Vehicle-Mount, Medium-Power, R-123

Ground-to-Air Radio Set

Warning Receiver, R-311

FM 100-2-3

AIRBORNE DIVISION

Airborne Division

The Soviet airborne division is now almost fullyequipped with motorized equipment. This signifi-cantly increases its combat power and mobilitywhile retaining an airdrop capability for most ofits equipment. The airborne division now has theBMD AAICV in all three of its airborne (infantry)regiments. An artillery regiment, an assault gun

(ASU-85) battalion, and an antiaircraft battalionprovide essential CS. The introduction of the 2S9SP howitzer as a replacement for towed artillerywill increase mobility. Also, the airborne divisionhas other CS and CSS units that provide limitedbackup for combat operations.

DIVISION AIRBORNE REGIMENT ARTILLERY REGIMENT ASSAULT GUNHEADQUARTERS (BMD) BATTALION

160 1,473 620 180

page 4146 page 4-153 page 4-154page 4-146

ANTIAIRCRAFT ENGINEER BATTALIONBATTALION

155 220

TRANSPORT AND MEDICAL BATTALIONMAINTENANCE

BATTALION 95165

SIGNAL BATTALION PARACHUTE RIGGING& RESUPPLY BATTALION

180 220

RECONNAISSANCE CHEMICALCOMPANY PROTECTION

75 COMPANY65

4-149

AIRBORNE DIVISION p VA p !.

y~y Pv 4 '04

AP,

4A y v /

PERSONNEL 160 4,419 620 180 155 220 180 220 165 95 75 65 6,554

WEAPONS

122-mm Howitzer, D-30 30 30

122-mm Rocket Launcher, BM-21V 66

120-mm Mortar, M1943/M-120 18 -18..

85-mm SP Assault Gun, ASU-85 31 31

SAM, SA-7/GRAIL orSA-14/GREMLIN OR SA-16 6 108 21 12 12 6 6 6 6 183

23-mm AA Gun, ZU-23 18 18 36

ATGM Launcher Vehicle(BRDM-2), AT-3-5 27 27

ATGL, RPG-16D 6 333 40 2 12 11 8 9 421

30-mm Automatic Grenade Launcher,AGS-17 54 54

5.45-mm LMG, RPKS-74 - 24 -6 -4 ____ 8 301

AAIC V/AC V/ASC/APC

AAICV, BMD-1 270 270

APC, BMD M1979/1 54 54

ACV, BMD-1KSh 3 21 24ACV, BRDM/BRDM-2 2 12 1 15

ASC, BRDM/8RDM-2 8

GENERAL PURPOSE TRUCKS

Truck, UAZ-69/469 16 57 30 2 1 10 7 10 6 4 6 149

Truck, GAZ-66 A/B 6 258 75 25 20 2 60 15 461

Truck, ZIL-130/131 1 9 2 6 3 6 50 50 301

Truck, Ural-375D 6 6 12

(continued)

(continued)

AIRBORNE DIVISION

Ww <'c gj4 I y

2'! r 't 4 °Dv0 0 rJyOd ° V Z< V

4/ V V v V yt t < GJ

1 b~Q !IC t

Dozer, BAT/BAT-M 2 2

Grader 2 2

TRAILERS

Trailer. Cargo, 1-Axle 4 51 23 3 3 84

Trailer, Generator, 1-Axle 2 3 2 7

Trailer, Water 1 27 4 1 1 2 1 37

Trailer, Field Kitchen 2 57 10 3 3 1 2 78

RADARS

Counter-Battery/Counter-Mortar 2 2

Battlefield Surveillance, Man-Portable 2 2

SIGINT EQUIPMENT

Radio DF, HF/VHF/UHF 3 3

Intercept Receiver, VHF/UHF 6 3 9

RADIOS

HF, Vehicle-Mount, Medium-Power,R-130 10 30 1 4 1 46

HF, Vehicle-Mount, High-Power 1 1

HF/VHF. Vehicle-Mount,Medium-Power 12 5 1 1 19

HF/VHF, Vehicle-Mount, High-Power 3 1 1 5

VHF, Portable, Low-Power, R-148 108 5 113

VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107 3 132 45 2 10 8 1 2 2 2 2 209

VHF, Vehicle-Mount, Medium-Power,R-123 366 31 9 406

Ground-to-Air Radio Set 2 27 4 33

Warning Receiver, R-311 1 15 3 1 1 1 1 1 24

Radio Relay, VHF/UHF,R-401/405/409 1 1 2

FM 100-2-3

Artillery Regiment, Airborne Division

The airborne division's artillery regimentconsists primarily of two firing battalions. Thefirst is a 122-mm towed howitzer (D-30) battalionwith 18 tubes. The other is a composite battalion

with twelve D-30s and six 122-mm rocket launchers(BM-21V). The artillery regiment also has limitedorganic support elements.

18 x 122-mm TowedHowitzer (D-30)

12 x 122-mm TowedHowitzer (D-30)

6 x 122-mm RocketLauncher (12-Round)BM-21V

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment122-mm Rocket Launcher (12-Round) BM-21V

Total.. 6

122-mm Towed Howitzer, D-30 ............... 30ATGL, RPG-16D ........................... 40SAM, SA-7/GRAIL or SA-14/GREMLIN

or SA-16 ................................ 215.45-mm LMG, RPKS-74....................36Truck, UAZ-69/469 ......................... 30Truck, GAZ-66A/B ......................... 75Truck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452 ............. 3Truck, Van, GAZ (Signal)..................... 6Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance)................. 5Truck, POL, GAZ-66 ........................ 4

Equipment TotalTruck, Chemical Reconnaissance, UAZ-69rkh .... 1

Trailer, Cargo, 1-Axle ....................... 23Trailer, Water ............................... 4Trailer, Field Kitchen ........................ 10Radar, Counter-Mortar/Counter-Battery.......... 2Radios:

HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power....... 5HF/VHF, Vehicle Mount, High-Power.......... 1VHF, Portable, Low-Power, R-148............ 5VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107........... 45Warning Receiver, R-311 .................. 3Radio Relay, VHF/UHF, R-401/405........... 1

4-153

FM 100-2-3

Assault Gun Battalion, Airborne Division

The assault gun battalion has 31 85-mm SPassault guns (ASU-85s). The battalion has three

companies with 10 ASU-85s each; there is 1 ASU-85at battalion headquarters.

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment Total

85-mm Assault Gun, ASU-85................31SAM, SA-7/GRAIL or SA-14/GREMLIN

or SA-16............................... 12

ATGL, RPG-16D ............................ 2

Truck, UAZ-69/469.......................... 2Truck, ZIL-130/131 .......................... 6

Truck, Ambulance, UAZ-450A/452 ............. 1

Truck, Van, ZIL (Maintenance)................. 1

Truck, POL, GAZ-66 .......................... 1

Equipment TotalTrailer, Cargo, 1-Axle ........................ 3Trailer, Water ............................... 1Trailer, Field Kitchen ......................... 3Radios:

HF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power, R-130 .... 1VHF, Manpack, Low-Power, R-107............ 2VHF, Vehicle Mount, Medium-Power,

R-123............................... 31Warning Receiver, R-311 ................... 1

Amphibious Forces

The Soviet Naval Infantry (SNI) is a branchof the Soviet Navy. The SNI units are opera-tionally subordinate to fleet commanders. Theymay conduct landings in support of a front or

TVD as part of the combined arms operations.The organization of a naval infantry battalion is

similar to that of an MRB in the ground forces.

These SNI battalions, along with a TB and otherunits, form either regiments or brigades. Whilebrigades operate separately, regiments are part of

a naval infantry division.

4-154

FM 100-2-3

NAVAL INFANTRY REGIMENT/ BRIGADE STRUCTURE

Naval Infantry Battalion, Naval Infantry Regiment or Brigade

1 xBTR-60/80

10 xBTR-60/80 1 BTR-60/80 2 xBTR-60/803 xSA-7/GRAIL 3 x82/120-mm. 3 xAT-3 (Manpack)9 xRPG-7 Mortar 3 xSPG-99 xRPG-7V

PRINCIPAL ITEMSEquipment TotalAPC, BTR-60/80 (including command

variants................................ 3482/120-mm Mortar ......................... 3SAM, SA-7/GRAIL .......................... 9ATGL, RPG-7V ............................. 27

OF EQUIPMENTEquipment TotalATGM Manpack Console, AT-3................373-mm Recoilless Gun, SPG-9.................37.62-mm Sniper Rifle, SVD...................95.45-mm LMG, RPK-74 ..................... 275.45-mm Assault Rifle, AK-74 ............... 282

Naval Infantry Company

1 x BTR-60/803 x SA-7/GRAIL5 x AK-74

3 xBTR-60/803 xRPG-7V1 xSVD3 xRPK-74

21 xAK-74

PRINCIPAL ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment TotalAPC, BTR-60/80.......................... 10SAM, SA-7/GRAIL .......................... 3ATGL, RPG-7.............................. 97.62-mm Sniper Rifle, SVD...................35.45-mm LMG, RPK-74 ...................... 95.45-mm Assault Rifle, AK-74 ................ 68

4-155

FM 100-2-3

Naval Infantry Regiment, Naval Infantry Division

34 x BTR60/803 x 82/120-mm

Mortar27 xRPG-7V

9 x SA-7/GRAIL3 x SPG-93 xAT-3 (Manpack)

41 xPT-76/T-54/553 x BTR60/80

4 xZSU-23.44 xSA-9/GASKIN

or SA-13/GOPHER

Equipment TotalMedium Tank, T-54/55 or

Light Amphibious Tank, PT-76............... 44APC, BTR-60/80 (including command

variants) .................................. 111ASC, BRDM-2................................. 9ATGM Launcher Vehicle (BRDM-2), AT-3 ........ 6Chemical Reconnaissance Vehicle, BRDM-2rkh ... 3122-mm Rocket Launcher, BM-21 .............. 6SPAA Gun, ZSU-23-4.......................... 4SAM, SA-9/GASKIN TEL or

SA-13/GOPHER TELAR ............. 4

3 xPT-769 x BRDM-2

6 xAT-3 (BRDM.2)

3 x BRDM-2rkh3 x ARS-12U

Equipment Total

Tracked Amphibian, K-61....................... 3Truck, Decontamination, ARS-12U .............. 382/120-mm Mortar............................ 9ATGL, RPG-7V................................ 90SAM, SA-7/GRAIL ........................... 2773-mm Recoilless Gun, SPG-9 ................. 9ATGM Manpack Console, AT-3 ................. 95.45-mm LMG, RPK-74 ....................... 905.45-mm Assault Rifle, AK-74.............. 1,5217.62-mm Sniper Rifle, SVD.................... 27

4-156

FM 100-2-3

NAVAL INFANTRY DIVISION

Naval Infantry Brigade

There are three SNI brigades. The Northern,Baltic, and Black Sea Fleets each have one.

4-157

FM 100-2-3

Naval Infantry Division

There is only one SNI division. It is in thePacific Fleet.

NAVALINFANTRYDIVISION

8,000+

NAVALDIVISION INFANTRY TANK SP HOWITZER

HEADQUARTERS REGIMENT REGIMENT REGIMENT2,000+

page 4-156

SAM ENGINEER SIGNAL ROCKET LAUNCHER

REGIMENT BATTALION BATTALION BATTALION

20 x SA-8

4-158