Southern Colonies

•Who were the Calverts?•A wealthy Catholic family who founded the Maryland colony. They wanted to start a colony that would be a refuge for Catholics.

•What was the main cash crop for Maryland and Virginia?

•Tobacco

Maryland and Virginia

•How were the governments of Maryland and Virginia similar and different?

•They both had governments and elected assemblies. The king controlled Virginia while the Calverts controlled Maryland.

•What was the Toleration Act?•A law in Maryland that gave religious

freedom to all Christians.

Carolinas and Georgia• In 1663, King Charles II established Carolina as a

colony owned by eight Lords Proprietors. It was later divided into North and South Carolina.

• Who was James Oglethorpe?• He had the idea to have a colony where all

debtors would settle and he was granted the charter for Georgia.

• Who were the first settlers in Georgia?• English debtors• What happened in Georgia once slavery was

allowed?• Georgia’s economy grew to depend on plantations

and the labor of enslaved Africans.

Heading West

•How did settlements affect Native Americans?

•Many were killed or captured and others were pushed off their lands.

Slavery in the Colonies •What is an indentured servant?•Workers that had to be freed after they

worked a number of years. •As the need for more workers increased,

the colonies made slavery legal. •How did enslaved Africans resist slavery?•They broke tools, pretended to be sick,

worked slowly and when possible escaped.

•How did some Africans become free?•Some bought their freedom, others

escaped.

Life in the South

•Where did most colonists live and work in the Southern colonies?

•On small farms•Who was Eliza Lucas Pinckney?•She was a young girl from South Carolina

who developed the indigo plant. • Indigo was the main cash crop for South

Carolina. •What were other industries besides

farming in Southern Colonies?•Producing forest goods and shipbuilding.