Colonial Life New England Colonies Middle Colonies Southern Colonies Colonial Culture.
Southern Colonial Economies
-
Upload
jaime-bryant -
Category
Documents
-
view
42 -
download
1
description
Transcript of Southern Colonial Economies
Standard Indicator 8-1.4: Explain the significance of enslaved and free Africans in the developing culture and economy of the South and South Carolina, including the growth of the slave trade and resulting population imbalance between African and European settlers; African contributions to agricultural development; and resistance to slavery, including Stono Rebellion & subsequent laws to control slaves
SOUTHERN COLONIAL ECONOMIES
Based on plantation system
Grew labor intensive crops Virginia used indentured
servants at first By 1670’s few people
willing to sign indenture contracts
Slavery developed slowly in Virginia
Slavery used from beginning in Carolina
Carolina planters tried to use Natives as workers Natives could escape too easily &
males not used to farming
CAROLINA ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Barbadians brought African slaves to Carolina
Slaves imported from Africa and West Indies
Steps to Slavery: “Middle Passage” Seasoning in West Indies Quarantining on Sullivan's
Island Auctioning in Charles Town Living & working on
plantations
CAROLINA ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Carolina Economic Activities using African slaves Cattle herding (West
Africans brought knowledge)
Rice Cultivation (West Africans brought this too)
Harvesting naval stores (pitch & tar) and lumber from pine forests
Contributed to trade with Barbados & Britain
SLAVE TRADE INCREASES
Reasons: Development of cash
crops growth of plantation
system Large-scale
importation through Charleston Began in 1690’s
thousands imported Worked on rice &
indigo plantations
WEST AFRICAN CULTURE BROUGHT BY SLAVES:
Language Dance Music Woodcarving Folk medicine Basket weaving: Sweet Grass
Baskets
WEST AFRICAN CULTURE BROUGHT BY SLAVES:
Culture found in: Call & response songs for work &
spirit (morale) Drums kept beat of field work & used
to communicate with other plantations
Drums banned after Stono Rebellion (fear)
AFRICAN CULTURAL CONTRIBUTIONS:
Foods: yams staple of southern diet
Gullah: spoken language & culture of Africans on Sea Islands of SC; Geechee in GA.
Gullah unique to coast due to area’s limited access & large concentration of Africans
IMPACT OF GROWTH OF SLAVERY IN CAROLINA
By 1698 Assembly worried there were too many slaves in colony
Assembly did not want to limit number of slaves imported to colony
Slaves were vital to economic success of Carolina
Demand for slaves led to increase in slave trade
Increase in slaves led to population imbalance
Slaves outnumbered whites in many areas
Whites concerned about controlling slave population
Stono-Rebellion increased concern & fear
STONO REBELLION & IMPACT
Started on Stono River near Charles Town
Cause: Spanish promise offering freedom to slaves who reached St. Augustine in Florida
Small group of slaves broke into store & killed 2 settlers
Used Drums to summon more slaves to join
Many slaves & settlers killed
Result: increased fear led to stronger slave codes
NEGRO ACT OF 1740:
Prohibited slaves from gathering without white supervision
Slaves could not be taught to read & write
Slaves could not carry guns Slaves were not allowed to dress “above
the condition of a slave” Created harsher punishments for
disobeying the law Fined slave owners who were cruel to
slaves Most important to colonists it
established tighter control of their slaves
But slave trade was still not limited after Stono Rebellion
SOUTH CAROLINA FREE AFRICAN-AMERICANS
Fewer free African-Americans than other colonies
State legislature gave owners right to manumit slaves for good cause in early 1700’s
Methods of freeing slaves: last will & testament, faithful service, freeing mistresses & children, buying freedom
Slaves with special talents or skills could be hired out & earn money to purchase freedom
Manumission occurred rarely due to value of slaves
Law required freed blacks to leave SC within 6 months or be re-enslaved & sold at auction
Only 4% of free blacks lived in the South, most likely in urban areas using trades to earn living
After American Revolution new laws restricting freeing slaves were enacted
SLAVERY IN COLONIAL AMERICA
SLAVERY IN COLONIAL AMERICA
SLAVERY IN COLONIAL AMERICA
SLAVERY IN COLONIAL AMERICA
SLAVERY IN COLONIAL AMERICA