Sources of Light Presentation 10.1 - Ms. Henriques'...

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Sources of Light

Transcript of Sources of Light Presentation 10.1 - Ms. Henriques'...

Page 1: Sources of Light Presentation 10.1 - Ms. Henriques' Classesmshenriques.weebly.com/.../sources_of_light_presentation_10.1.pdfenergy((UV(Rays(thatare(invisible(to(the(human(eye)(and(rapidly(releases(them(as(visible(light

Sources  of  Light  

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Light  from  Incandescence  

•  light  given  off  by  an  object  because  it  is  very  hot  -­‐  Ex.  A  Conven@onal  light  bulb:  an    electrical  current  runs  through  

         a  @ny  metal  filament,  making  it  hot      -­‐  Ex.  The  Sun    

 Over  90%  of  electrical  energy  from  incandescent  light  bulbs  is  given  off    as  heat!  

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Light  from  Luminescence  

•  Is  the  emission  of  light  by  a  substance  not  resul@ng  from  heat  

•  It  is  a  form  of  cold  body  radia@on.  It  can  be  caused  by  chemical  or  biochemical  reac@ons,  ac@vity  of  subatomic  par@cles,  radia@on  or  stress  on  a  crystal.      

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Types  of  Luminescence  

1.  Electrical  Discharge  (Electroluminescence)  2.  Fluorescence  3.  Phosphorescence  4.  Chemiluminescence  5.  Bioluminescence  

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Light  from  Electric  Discharge  (Electroluminescence)  

•  Energy  Sources:  light  given  off  by  an  electrical  current  passing  through  a  material  (typically  gases)  

•  Ex.  Lightening  and    •  Neon  Signs    Note:  Different  gases  emit  different  colours  

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L.E.D.  (Light  EmiXng  Diode)  

•  Electric  charge  in  one  direc@on  through  a  ‘semi-­‐conductor’  

•  Recently  -­‐  different  colours            (including  white)  

•  Far  more  efficient  than            Incandescent  or              Fluorescent  

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Fluorescence  •  A  type  of  photoluminescence  •  Energy  Source:  objects  absorb  ultraviolet  light  energy  (UV  Rays  that  are  invisible  to  the  human  eye)  and  rapidly  releases  them  as  visible  light  (known  as  photons)  -­‐  Ex.  used  on  “black  light”    posters,  t-­‐shirts,  body  paint,  etc.    Blue  Man  Group    -­‐  Ex.  Fluorescent  coa@ng      on  the  outside  of  fluorescent  bulbs    emit  visible  light    

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Phosphorescence  •  A  type  of  photoluminescence  related  to  fluorescence  •  Unlike  fluorescence,  a  phosphorescent  doesn’t  immediately  re-­‐emit  the  radia@on  it  absorbs  

•  It  is  the  delayed  emission  of  photons  that  have  been  trapped  in  a  ‘forbidden’  state  

•  Ex.  Glow  in  the  dark  toys,  paint,  and  clock  dials  that  glow  for  some  @me  aeer  being  charged  with  a  bright  light  (such  as  in  a  normal  room  light).  

•   Typically  the  glowing  slowly  fades  out  within  minutes  or  up  to  a  few  hours  in  a  dark  room.  

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Chemiluminescence  •  Energy  Source:  results  from  chemical  reac@ons  

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Bioluminescence  

•  Is  a  type  of  chemiluminescence  •  Involves  biochemical  reac@ons  in  living  organisms    

•  Ex.  Fireflies,  angler  fish,  types  of  mushrooms,  and  more  

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Efficiency  of  light  bulbs    

L.E.D    >>                    C.F.L.    >>                  Incandescent  

   Light  EmiXng    Compact  Fluorescent            Diode  Lightbulb