source of light
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Transcript of source of light
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Light source
Pranav ram.RMech
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What is light ??• Light is an electro magnetic radiation
that produces visual sensation.• The visible light has the wavelength
range of 4000 Ä to 8000Ä.• Light is nothing but the photons, having
energy E=hv
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Source of light
1. Sun.2. High pressure mercury lamp.3. Low pressure mercury lamp.4. Medium pressure mercury lamp.5. Low pressure sodium lamp.6. High pressure sodium lamp.7. Laser.8. Light emitting diode.
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Sun
• In the early experiments (and in everyday life), sunlight was used as a light source.
• Sun light consist of wide range of radiation and in the visible region, it comprises the violet, blue , green, yellow, orange and red components.
• According to early investigators observation when the photochemical sample is expose to sun light, after some period of time few changed.
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High pressure Mercury lamp
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High pressure mercury lamp
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High pressure mercury lamp
• A high mercury-vapor lamp is a gas discharge lamp that uses an electric arc through vaporized mercury to produce light.
• This lamp operate in high ( 100 atm).
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High pressure mercury lampDisadvantage :• It easily damage because it operate at very high
temperature so that quartz or glass envelope and nitrogen gas for cooling purpose is necessary.
• It has short life time due to high temperature and pressure.
• High pressure lamp are not commonly used in commercial photochemical apparatus.
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low pressure mercury lamp
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low pressure mercury lamp
Advantage
• It operate at very less temperature and low pressure.
• Low pressure mercury lamps are highly efficient in providing short wavelength ultraviolet energy.
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The Low Pressure Sodium Lamp
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The Low Pressure Sodium Lamp
• Low pressure sodium lamps only give monochromatic yellow light and so inhibit color vision at night.
• When the lamp is turned on it emits a dim red/pink light to warm the sodium metal and within a few minutes it turns into the common bright yellow as the sodium metal vaporizes.
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Low pressure sodium lamp
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Low Pressure Sodium Lamp
Advantage
• It have a lowpressure, low–intensity discharge source and a linear lamp shape.
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High Pressure Sodium Lamp
• A sodium-vapor lamp is a gas-discharge lamp that uses sodium in an excited state to produce light.
• The sodium D-line is the main source of light from the High-pressure sodium lamp.
• High-pressure sodium lamps are smaller and contain additional elements such as mercury.
• It produce a dark pink glow when first struck, and an intense pinkish orange light when sodium is warmed.
• Some bulbs also briefly produce a pure to bluish white light in between if the mercury achieves its high pressure arc discharge characteristic before the sodium is completely warmed.
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LASERS
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Laser
• Laser is a light source ,stands for Light Amplification by Stimulation Emission of Radiation.
• It produces light in a narrow frequency and to focus it in an extremely small area.
• Laser light is directional coherent and monochromatic.
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Advantage Lasers are extensively used in various fields such as :DrillingCuttingWeldingMedical field
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Light emitting diode • In photochemistry Light emitting diode is used as
a light source.
• A light-emitting diode is a semiconductor device that emits visible light when an electric current passes through it.
• The output from an light-emitting diode can range from red (at a wavelength of approximately 700 nanometers) to blue-violet (about 400 nanometers).
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Blue LED
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Light emitting diode
Advantage• It produces light at a single
wavelength, without the need for a monochromator.
• Lamp life is almost infinite and Light emitting diode sources are stable with little variation in bandwidth making them an attractive, low cost solution for simple applications.
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Thank you
by Pranav ram