Signifying Names and Other Ominous Accidental Utterances ...
SOUNDS OMINOUS WARNING ALFONSO EIVDIPvG€¦ · SOUNDS OMINOUS WARNING f President Ripley of the...
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fe THE WASHIK6TOH HERALD SUNDAY roiLY 3 ISIQ c f 2 SOUNDS OMINOUS WARNING f President Ripley of the Santa Fe Fears Nation Is in Grave Danger Owing to Attitude Toward Railroads By JAMES B MORROW The Washington Herald July 2 Incidental to the bus- iness of hauling merchandise and sell- ing for skilled managers an4 expert financiers the railroads have developed their own diplomatists strat- egists and fighting men Also they have their own orators likely enough they were brakemen teleg- raphers or clerks years their own poets only their poets do not write books or put their visions into rhyme Railroad lawyers as a rule are merely engineers seeking a right of way through statutes made and provided by other lawyers In legislatures sometimes un- necessarily assembled They tunnel and bridge according to the topographical ec- centricities of tho situation and ordi- narily are dry and technical persons The railroad diplomatist strategist or warrior needs to be more than a lawyer- or an engineer Broadly he must be a philosopher SpecltlcallY he must under- stand the temper of the people and the inherent principles of human nature Few Blunders God said George F Baer in effect gave the coal mines to the coal barons Baer is a lawyer Brown of the New York Central a section hand In his youth will never fall into such a blunder of thought or statement nor will Yoakura the former driver of a scraper nor will Marvin Hughltt tho oldtime telegraph operator nor will James J 11111 once a roustabout on the docks of St Paul nor will Edward Payson Rip ley president of the Atchison Topeka and Santa Fe system who years ago was a shipping clerk for a firm of whole- salers in Boston Realizing the gravity of the action re- cently taken by President Taft in the matter of rates the railroads of Chi- cago twenty and more in number came tcgether in a l aguo of defense and some of their wisest men to rep- resent their cause In Washington The Instinct and judgment of the conference made Mr Rlpley chief of the ambassa- dors An attorney might have split hairs and In the exhilaration of legal contro- versy muddled the case before the Pres- ident So Ripley a freight monger and an executive placid sagacious terse forceful and profoundly informed about his own business spoke for the railroads that gridiron tho great map of tho West front Chicago to the shores of tho Pacific Like im Armored Knight Moreover Rlpler is physically As I talk to him now in his of nee many stories up with Lake Mlch- Jgan moving and glowing in the sunlight under the windows I see a large man structurally and Intellectually massive man in head and features tall broad angular flat at the abdomen aa an ath- lete huge of chin nose and mouth and gray of eyes symmetrical and leon- ine such a man In short as one would picture on a tremendous black horse armorclad and carrying a heavy sword and a long lance a terror to his foes and a ure bulwark to his friends I notice that his clothing Is not new that he occasionally lifts his shoulders and spreads his hands like a Frenchman or Jew ind that he Is short of vision but that he does not use spectacles The old man he is called In affection up and down the 10000 miles of main track that constitutes the Santa Fa system A mighty getter of freight tire- less and taciturn but violating ana con tradicting the stern aspect of his appear ance kindly thoughtful and just He has training schools reading rooms and a beautiful free magazine for his men Those who know him say he would have made great judge Formerly he was an officer on the C B Q The traffic manager of that road had an obstinate dispute not long ago with the traffic manager of the Santa arbitrate the case said the Santa Fe rather eagerly All right replied tho C B Q 1 am willing to leave It to Mr RIpley your own president Go to thunder Santa Fe hastened to say as he turned and walked away I sought no verification of the story from Mr Ripley but I It is true Gloomy Regarding Future While he talked with the measure of habitual selfcontrol It was plain that this man who employs 60000 wageearners and governs the business of a railroad that covers the country from Chicago- to San Francisco and from Denver to Galveston was gloomy concerning the future and almost reconciled to what he terms the Ingratitude of the public I had asked him about the problems of transportation not as seen by agitators and politicians but by the men who are on the inside of the railroads themselves There are several very serious prob lems Mr Ripley said rather slowly First are we to be permitted to live My experience goes back to the days of rough and crude conditions Everybody wanted railroads then Everybody who hasnt them wants railroads now Men come here from sparselysettled and Iso- lated regions begging for branch lines and conneotlons pledging to help and in some instances promising to pay one fourth of the cost They are willing to mortgage all they have that their lands may be doubled or quadrupled In value and their crops sent to market and sold at good prices for ready money They feel as all the people felt when railroad building was started in this country Beginning of Greet Line Work on what is now known as the Fe system began at the then frontier village of Topeka in 186S Coun ties through which the road was to be laid voted bonds for Its building When tho track was completed to Wakarusa thirteen miles from Topeka the achieve ment was duly celebrated by an to that settlement In a borrowed passenger car drawn by a borrowed The first citizens of Kansas em- phasized tho occasion by their presence They were enthusiastic but visibly skep- tical when Col Cyrus K Holllday pro jector of the enterprise proclaimed in a speech that the crooked little road would one day touch the shores of the Cy Warman the locomotive and poet I said stated that one In- credulous Individual threw himself upon the grass when Holllday gave utterance to his grotesque prophecy and shouted in Oh the damned old heard Mr Ripley replied quite soberly The unbeliever on the was afterward the general passen of the road he added In 1SG9 the year I entered the service of the Pennsylvania Railroad as a clerk in the city of Boston he went on to say the rolling stock of the Atchison To peka and Santa Fe Company consisted of one secondhand locomotive twelve flat cars each of ten tons capacity a pas- senger coach that had be tween Cincinnati and a handcar The running time of trains from North Topeka to Burlingame a distance of less than twentyseven miles was 2 hours and 35 minutes There were live stations between it Is true and the carried local freight as well as On the best roads of that period the grades were easy and the tracks modern twentyfive cars each 8p cfllc rrespondenco chIcago bondswork agoand i a a Fe- rn knowthat Santa excur- sion en- gine PacIfic merrIment too sass beE operate tins Make chose Impres- sive ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ < ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ loaded with ten tons of freight were all that the strongest of locomotives could pull Now there aje from thirty to sev- enty cars of fifty tons to a train The contrast between as I saw it and the present is striking Indeed if one stops and reflects upon the facts of the case Transportation by rail has been revolutionized The property of rail- roads has been rebuilt from the ground up We have new tracks new bridges new cars and new locomotives Even the grass and weeds along the right of way are now trimmed or cut The change has cost a sum of money Men have gone into their own pockets with remarkable daring and liberality to meet the expense They ex- pected profit of course but while they were rebuilding their railroads they were practically rebuilding the country and while they were ready to make money for themselves they were con- verting villages into cities and touching I apiece down a ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ implication shall have his share of the property now unjustly denied him It was such grotesque and impossible prom- ises that fooled the people of Rome Politicians Interested solely in them selves mark you have agitated and leg islated and railroad building has been stopped That means that the purchase- of Iron Umber and labor has ceased The now work under way will ba that money already spent may but no more will be under- taken in my opinion until the people Bilence the politicians who are Jeopard- izing both capital and labor or turn out of office Meanwhile many of have quit making Im- provements and others are running down in equipment and are neglecting to keep their tracks and bridges up to the needed standard of efficiency The country in due time will surely feel the effects of the demagogical war on rail road investments There ba a period complete the will ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ OPPOSES GOVERNMENT OWNERSHIP EDWABD PAYSON BIPLEY President of the Fe system biG dormant or inaccessible into hap- py life and prosperous activity Yet most of the railroads in the United States Improved as they have been need greater Improvements still Compara- tively few have been doubletracked Most of them need better bridges and all roadbeds should be fortified with rock ballast Mr James J Hill says we should spend 600000000 In preparing ade- quately to do the countrys business when the crops are large and labor is em ployed to the limit In my judgment Mr estimate should be multiplied times Tfce age demands- an immense expenditure of new money The people really desire that It be ex- pended However the railways are so Incessantly harassed by fortysix States and the national government that men Interested in the development of our transportation facilities have become weary and discouraged Business Needs Protection Now the regulation of a business by a State or by the government In Washing ton the protection of that business morals and common justice Legitimate business should be protected by law It Is protected with the single exception of the business of carrying the freight of the nation of Insuring the prosperity of the country as a whole and of enriching hosts of people individually farmers merchants manufacturers and others I shall pause long enough to say that the railways and only the railways make the wide exchange of the of labor I wish the isis and men of the United States would take the sentence I have just spoken into their minds for serious and coherent reflection Nevertheless as I have said the railway business Is the only property interest In America that Is denied prolectional legislation by our lawmakers Such laws as arc passed with respect to railroads oro regulatory and restrictive Absolutely nothing is done to help us Moreover the statements we make from time to time are rejected on the ground that they are untrue or disin genuous We ore treated as persons out- side the common code and courtesies of business life as outlaws against the truth and as tricksters who juggle with figures that we may cheat tho public Railroads capital less than mines mills or factories If we say as we do say In our report to our shareholders that the gross earnings of the Santa Fe System amounted to 34000 000 last year and that we paid out 60 500000 for labor material and taxes no one stops long enough to con- fess that we are of to the We get no only cob and clubs A Benefit to the Nation What we do In the city of Topeka Is being done In hundreds of other places by the different railroads of the United States Our taxes In Topeka amount to 33000 a year In Shawnee County to 21 000 a year and in the State of Kansas to nearly 1100000 a year Four thousand- of our men live In Topeka and they draw 245000 each in wages The money Is spent is earned and our employes sober and industrious men are buying homes for themselves and contributing to the community in char- acter and citizenship we are doing can for and comfort of our men We have schools for our apprentices and when an employe can no longer work we give him a responsible I Interrupted for the hostile feeling toward rail- roads The politicians Mr Rlpley calmly answered clasping his hands behind his head and stretching his long legs across- a corner of his desk American poli- ticians are like the politicians of ancient Rome rhey go to the people and say Give us office and we shall abolish your taxes and every man they assert by His make product possible honesty count bouquet mont goo LIkewIse pension gions ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ of stagnation and disintegration and tho government wilt then take the rail- roads Sees Downfall of the Republic And what will happen T I asked We shall see the downfall of the re- public Mr Ripley replied without any show of feeling You know It he said turning to me and speaking emphatically thoughtful and Intelligent man he added Government own ership of our railroads In the present state of our politics and with our present kind of public men would cause the downfall of the nation I have carefully gone over the matter In my own and I am expressing my deliberate mentYes Mr Rlpley went on to say I have lived through changes of methods- In the operation of railroads and through of public sentiment toward the Some one has said that man Is only grateful for what he expects and not for what he has already obtained To the lonely farmer with only a wagon and a yoke of oxan or a team of horses for his freight and a drive of many weary miles to market the coming of a railroad was a blessing longed for and Joyfully accepted Corn and wheat by the magic of quick cheap and easy transportation could be exchanged for shoes cloth and the common essen tials of human existence Land that was useless was put to the plow The value of property was multiplied many timesManagers of railroads understood that they needed loads for their empty cars They were business men and not philan- thropists but their work was highly beneficial to mankind Just the same constructive blow they struck for helped those who lived or owned land or were engaged In business along their lines The Santa Fe com- pany typical of large railroad corpora in has colonization agents Into new communi- ties and to turn barren stretches into orchards gardens and blooming fields Dryfarming is being taught by scientific agriculturists and occasionally money Is loaned for the purchase of seed and Implements We also have an Industrial department that capital and opportunity may be combined to build factories open mines and give remunerative employ- ment to willing men Helps Develop Industries Wo helped to develop the manufacture of cement in the eastern tier of counties In Kansas There were limestone and gas In of the country cheap material and fuel and when the gas gave out there was plenty of oil More cement Is being produced In Kansas than is being produced anywhere else so I am told It has been the same with sugar In tho great Arkansas Valley east of Pueblo In Colorado were hundreds of thousands of rich acres dead however for the want of rain We encouraged Irrigation projects at a time when every one knew much less about digging ditches than Is the case at present Waste land became productive and five modern are manufacturing sugar In that today Farmers are making money on the of tho factories a profit on their sugar and the Santa Fe Railroad is haul- ing the And owners and managers of our transportation been busy In developing the agriculture and the Industries of the na politicians in our State legislatures in Congress have been hectoring us with Injurious legislation and enacting it into law at times and Inflaming the passions of the people against us and the we When we say stand the perse- cution of the politicians we are accused of lying even though the government sends agents into our offices and knows all the facts from an examination of our books Everything we have about the increase of our expenses Ever mid change Ever tons genera that art plant bet ors freight system ton Interest represent sad e de- c r c i 1 ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ < = > > create of our profits can be proved by our records and by tho agents of the government who as I said have nccess to all the and Information con- cerning our business Can you doubt that the men with money invested in our railroads and the men charged with the responsibility of managing our railroads take a pretty gloomy view of tho fu tura Denies Giving Rebates 1t is said in Washington that rebates ore now being given to some shippers- in the form of money paid for alleged or delays to goods in I We are not doing anything of the kind Mr Rlploy answered Nor do I believe other roads are guilty of the practice Rebating began when It seemed logical and Just from the shippers viewpoint that the wholesale purchasers- of transportation should be given a dis aa was the rule In all lines of bus A anon who bought a carload of salt got a reduction in price as agalnit the man who bought but a single barrel of salt There were plenty of railroad man agers however who never accepted the principle In its application to transpor- tation They could look and see- the time when big manufacturers and merchants enjoying the advantages of rebates would drive the little manu- facturers and merchants out of business But the big shipper was a vigorous and resourceful individual After compelling the impecunious roads to accept his terms ho found little difficulty in making satisfactory bargains with the Rebating was always an evil opinion of railway men and I do not be- lieve that it la being revived by another method It was on abuse we ajl wanted abolished Not Presbyterian Your given name Edward Payson would Indicate that your parents were good Presbyterians I said getting away from to matters that are My mother was a Payson and there were Edwards in the family Besides my parents were not Presbyterians Mr Rlpley answered Were you like most of the men who have distinguished themselves in business and the professions a poor boy My father was a small merchant In Massachusetts His Income I say never exceeded 600 a year but well and I attended the Dorchester High School until I was seventeen years old when I went to work Where In Boston going as an apprentice as- wan the custom then into a wholesale establishment My wages were 50 a year and I boarded at home I worked along until I was made shipping clerk at 400 a year which was more money I thought than could be conveniently man aged by a young man By and by I was offered a better place In the Boston office of the Pennsylvania Railroad That was In 1S6S and I was twentyone years old In 1S70 I went with the Chicago Burlington and Quincy Railroad becom- ing general Eastern agent in 1872 then general freight agent then traffic man ager and finally general manager I was third vice president of the Chicago Mil- waukee and Bt Paul Railway from liE to 1S96 Since the latter year I have oc- cupied my present position You are one of the great railroad men of the country I wild By what methods have you success- I have never plans or methods Mr Ripley answered look- Ing at me in some puzzlement and because of the character of the question I just took what came to hand and worked as hard as I could Neither Influence nor pull as It Is called was ever employed in my behalf Do you fish or hunt or M No I play golf Copyright 19M by James B Morrow A MOONSHINER An Odd Character Up in the Ozark Mountains The temperance wave In the Ozark re iglon of Missouri has deprived many of the old mountaineers of their customary dram and caused a social drought al most equal to that of a long dry summer A large majority of the best citizens in Southern Missouri counties favored the local option law and many voted for It in order that the numerous distilleries in the hill country might bo put out of busfness When these establishments closed it was difficult for the man who lives far from the railroad station to ship In a supply of liquor There Is one thing In particular for which a native of the Ozarks Is and that Is his resourcefulness Chicago Inter Ocean Those who had been accustomed to going to the distillery and buying liquor by the jug awoke to the realization that the custom was at an end Something had to be done to relieve the situation At Hammond In Ozark County sixty five miles from tho nearest railroad sta- tion lives Stoney Williams In his fer- tile brain he figured out plan which he believed would end the social drought and at the same time revolutionize the local option law that is In force In al- most county In the Ozark region of The Hammond Distilling1 Company was organized by Williams with a capital stock of 5000 and a charter obtained from the secretary of state The shares were valued at 10 each and only one share was sold to any person No trouble was experienced in selling the stock The owner of a share of stock was a privileged character at the distillery He was permitted to bring his corn and have it converted into meal or flour as the case might be the liquor was distilled it was charge by the government gauger and in duo time the tax was paid and the stockholder got his whisky less the amount token as toll for converting the corn Into spirits The distiller for the Hammond Distill- ing Company was Jim Loftus Every- one In the Ozark region from Creek to White River knows heard of Uncle Jim For almost fifty years he has made whisky and to use hls own expression there was many a gallon that never had any revenue paid on It In his younger days Jim Loftus had a moonshine still It was a transportable affair and could easily be moved when the revenues as Jim called the gov- ernment agents came around In one conflict Marshal Langston was shot and temporarily gave up the A short time Ser- vice agent arrested Jim Loftus and took him to Jefferson City where the United States Court for this district was then held Jim was found guilty of wild- catting as the revenues termed the Illicit distilling of whisky and given a sentence of one year In jail He served out his time In the Cole County jail at Jefferson City and was a model prisoner While a prisoner In the Jail Jim composed a song each line or which referred to some character in his home county and the song became the anthem of the settlement where Jim bas resided for than fifty years Kindly Assistance FVran Pele Mel- eMotoristCan you tell me the way to r Cripple Yes sir just follow me Tnv going there ama count others thing dar achIeve amuse- ment note a ever We- n Bran fight was more C i 1 transit alead a Fleury aux Choux ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ < > ALFONSO REIGN Church Garnets Republicans and Illness EMst X ence of Spains Ruler t I J EIVDIPvG Threat ri f Y Sy THE EXATTACHE At no time since the restoration in 1874 has the Spanish Crown ben by so grave a crisis as at the present moment Not even in the disas- trous year of 1858 which witnessed the defeat of the nation both on land and at sea as well as its loss of the Antilles and of the Philippines was the outlook the war with the United States was in progress conservatives liberals and even republicans laid aside for the nonce their quarrels in order to present- a united front to the foreign foe and to avoid of a nature to em barrass the government in its efforts to retain possession of the The clergy and tho religious loyalty to the throne and even the Car lists were impelled by motives of pa- triotism to intimate to the Queen Regent Christina that she had nothing to fear from them while the struggle was in progress Now the situation is entirely changed There Is no longer any foreign war to unite the Spaniards against a common enemy But they are on the verge of one of those civil wars which have con tributed more than anything else In the history of the kingdom to blight Its prosperity and to Impede Its and progress The church and by that I mean not only the episcopacy and the clergy but also the enormously wealthy and in- fluential religious orders are against the government and against Alfonso XIII For he has definitely thrown in his lot with tho cabinet and according to Premier Canalejas he is a thoroughly convinced liberal and a monarch of modern Ideas I have laid before him my entire programme without any con- cealment of the difficulties in the way of its realization yet he has given me his full confidence and cooperation Until the overthrow of the conservative administration of Senor Maura last year the clergy and the religious orders con- stituted the chief bulwark of the throne Alfonso XIII and the latters secretary of state Cardinal Rarapolla was papal nuncio at Madrid at the time of the young soverlgns posthumous birth there The Interest of the late Pope and of the Cardinal in the King was therefore of an almost parental character and it led them to hold in check the Carllsts throughout his long minority by means of threats of the penalties of the church to the pretender If he even so much as countenanced any rising of his In Spain and of more drastic punishment to any bishop priest or monk guilty of lending support to the Carllst cause B Leo XIII died and Rampolla the made way for Merry del Val the Spaniards at the Vatican Alfonso lost two of his best friends who possessed of a large measure of statesmanship had always been willing to make allowances for the necessities of political exigency and who wore able to appreciate the fact that certain concessions to liberal- ism and to the spirit of twentieth cen- tury modernism and progress were in dispensable to the preservation of his throne Pius X has shown himself less indul gent and tho place of Rampolla as of state has been taken by Merry del Vat who in spite of his English education Is a Spaniard of the mpst ultraconservative traditions prejudices and affiliations and to whom in any shape or form is with Spain have been characterized by so much intransigeance- as to interfere with the administration of the and to block every The revision of the concordat that is to say of the treaty by means of which the relations be- tween the papacy and the state are gov ernod has been long recognized as a of urgency by liberal and con cabinets alike For it dates from 1S51 and life even in Spain has moved forward to such an ex- tent during tho past sixty years that It is no longer suitable to the conditions- of the present day It Is a subject for regret that owing to the Spanish national characteristic namely procrastination the revision was put off and put off during the lifetime of Leo XIH with whom It would have been relatively facile to reach a com- promise The latter has become Impos- sible since Plus X has been occupying the chair of St and he has shown himself unwilling to yield on any or to meet the government in the est way In fact the Vatican has given it plain ly to understand that If there are any concessions In connection with the revis con- fronted so ominous for the mnarchy as It Is today colonies We- n secret anathema government mater Peter point a- 5a5 develop- ment ar- rayed follow- er liberalism ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ion of the concordat they will have to be made by Spain in such a fashion as to remove tho restrictions imposed by the treaty of 1861 upon the church and to in- crease rather than diminish the latters authority Senor Canalejaa is the first Spanish premier to grapple with the revision of the concordat question with energy and vigor Moat of his in office had the had been afraid to put their promises Into execution and the rank and file of the Liberal party had become so discouraged by what they regarded as a betrayal of their that they were drifting away into the republican camp It was to arrest this wholesale desertion and in the of retaining Liberals a party the dynasty that Canale jas set to work In real earnest to revise the the pretensions of the Vatican from the very outset of the negotiations and with the object of bring- ing pressure to bear upon the papacy the Spanish premier announced his Intention of enforcing to the letter the provisions of the concordat of 1851 Those imposed- a number of restrictions upon the which have been far more honored in the breach than in tho observance Thus the concordat limits the number of religious orders In the kingdom to less than 100 whereas today there are nearly 4000 most of them owning property exemption from as well as other privileges that speaking should belong only to the orders provided for by the treaty of 18S1 It is not merely that these unau- thorized religious orders are large own ers of landed property but they are also engaged all over Spain In industry and commerce some of them even owning steamship lines and the very fact that they have been permitted to go untaxed has given them enormous advantages over their lay rivals in business and has been a source of constant bitterness to the latter With the approval of the King Canale jas issued orders to the receivers general- of revenue in the fortynine of Spain directing them to religious congregations religious orders and communities not explicitly author- ized by the concordat that they would have in the first place to seek charters in accordance with the terms and re- quirements of the law governing the for- mation and existence of corporations and societies of one kind and another that if they declined to conform to this de- cree their order would be dispersed and their property confiscated to the state He also caused It to be intimated that if thoy obtained the neces charters they would thenceforth be subjected to the same real estate taxes income tax municipal and indus trial imposts succession taxes and trans- fer tares as any other corporation or so- ciety The premier further instructed the minister of the treasury to obtain his officers statistics of the in and trade on by the re- ligious orders with to their being subjected to the same fiscal burdens as ordinary industry and commerce Pius X instead of being moved by this departure of Premier Canalejas to en deavor to seek a compromise on the sub ject of the revision of the concordat preferred to see therein a declaration of hostilities He protested violently against the decrees concerning the unauthorized religious orders declaring that the pre mier had no right to Inaugurate any such policy while the negotiations revision of the concordat were in Moreover he has chosen to interpret the action of the Spanish cabinet as the beginning of a war such as that which tho French government lisa been wag- ing against the Church ever since the re peal of the concordat and the cessaUon of all official intercourse with the papacy a few years ago The dispersal by the French government of all the religious orders that declined to submit to the laws governing associations and corpo- rations and the confiscation of the vast property belonging to the church and to the religious orders in France was a great blow to the papacy and moreover constituted an enormous loss of revenue besides a heavy drain on Its exchequer The Vatican will not allow anything of the kind to take place in which- it has always regarded as pe culiar preserve without a severe strug- gle Finding that King Alfonso has thrown in his lot with Senor Canalejas and is determined to loyally support the Liberal administration on the ground that it is only by so doing that he can keep abreast of the tide of republicanism that Is arising all over the Iberian peninsula- in Spain as well as in Portugal the pa e predecessors pledge Interest hop the concordat y church order ton province t- ote trough cried to- rte Span S S S S S S ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ AMERICAN GIRL A BRIDE i VICOUNTESS ACHES01T3- 110s1 Mildred Carter was married io Vlsconnt Acheson June S3 at Si Georges Hanover Square In London The American Ambassador and Mrs Whlelaw Reid lent Dorchester House for the reception Had It not bees for the court befog in mourning for the late King Edward there would have beea many royal at the Mrs Carter raoikcr of the bride decided to keep possible the peat wedding s c r > > = < pacy has turned against the Klngfanfi practically was upon him It is war defense of the ious orders and of their property In Spain a war for the protection of what the papacy regards as the rights and the church In the kingdom Catholic Majesty The epis- copacy the clergy and the religious orders In Spain have been relieved by the holy see of the prohibition Imposed upon them by Leo XIH to retrain from countenancing In any way the Carllst cause This is of course equivalent to an encouragement of them from Rome to throw In their lot from henceforth with Don Jaime the Carllst pretender and their devotion to him will be all the more emphatic and vigorous since his success means not only the preservation of their present property and prerogatives but the acquisition of additional rights and power for himself has been given to he would be free from henceforth as tar as the Vatican Is con- cerned to take any steps that he saw fit with a view to the enforcement of claims to the throne and when he reap- pears In Spain to head a Carllst rising it will be as the champion of the church and itSTicfender from the policy of spolia- tion and oppression to which King Al focso and Premier Canalejas are com- mitted In the eyes of Pius X and of his secretary of state Cardinal Merry del Val That Spain is on the eve of another great insurrection no close ob server affairs can doubt for one moment Within the last fortnight Don Jaime has been presented by the Carllst leaders with a goldembroidered uniform of Carllst generalissimo such as that worn by his father In the Carllst wars of the seventh decade of the last century with saber spurs and ready for soldiers of fortune these stormy petrels of International politics are flocking from all parts of tho world to his chateau at Frensdorf and to tho Carlist centers In the south of France and In London Don Jaime unlike his father is a sol dier by profession has taken part as an officer of Russian cavalry In several Central Asian campaigns and in the two Russian wars in Manchuria being deco- rated for conspicuous gallantry at the taking of Mukden Moreover he Is very rich and very ambitious and wholly lack- Ing In that Indolence which characterized Don Carlos throughout his life and which Interfered so greatly with the success of everything that he Whether Don In his contemplated rising is a of He will have arrayed clergy the religious orders the peasant fitly rate of the northern provinces to a certain extent the provincial aristocracy who have always had a lean ing toward legitimacy Moreover all the great Spanish nobil- ity which Is still loyal to King Alfonso might be relied upon in the event of the latters disappearance to transfer their allegiance to Don lame rather than to confront the alternative of another re- public at Madrid For the first time In the history of the wars there will be no lack not only Don own large fortune but the religious orders will be available It is understood that there are certain financial houses both in London and In Paris that have expresses readi- ness to contribute extensively to any Insurrection I have referred above to the possibility of the disappearance of Don Alfonso The latter Is In an exceedingly critical state of health Those who saw him in London at the time of Edward VHs funeral a few weeks ago were shocked by his appearance and the eminent aurlst of Bordeaux whom Alfonso visits so frequently Is greatly alarmed about him owing to the fact that the operation of year has proved unavailing and that malady from which he Js suffering has made such progress as to render a further application of the knife in a much more drastic and dangerous form urgent There Is indeed a very general Impres sion both In Spain and In foreign cap itals that Alfonso not outlive the year and that his jrelga Is nearing its premature end while the unpopularity of his English consort and her failure to secure any hold on the affection of the people of the land of her adoption render the succession of her little boy under her regency to the last degree Improbable- It Is necessary to mention this In order to explain the present attitude of the papacy Of course the latter feels bit- terly toward Don Alfonso for Indorsing the anticlerical policy of Canalejas ac- cusing him of ingratitude In forgetting all that the holy see did to protect and safeguard his throne during his Infancy and boyhood But It also considers Itself obliged to contemplate the possibility of a republic at Madrid where at the last legislative elections the entire capital went republican as did also Barcelona which is the Liverpool of Spain and that other great city Valencia Although the present Liberal administration Is pre pared to leave to the church most of the property and the possessions guaranteed by the concordat of 1851 a republic would do away with the concordat altogether and deprive the church of everything It owned as well as all its rights privileges- It has nothing but loss to expect from the present regime but worse from a republic and having no confidence In the stability of Don Alfonsos throne or in the preservation of his life fears that the close of his reign either by revolu- tion or death will result lit tho procla- mation of a republic That Is why as the only alternative within 4its reach It has allied Itself with the cause of Don Saline and has severed the leashes which since 1876 have served to keep in check the Carltsts Copyright 910 rt the Brtntirood Onapoaj Johnnys Pear What are you thinking about John ny asked the teacher You seem to be greatly worried I was reading an article In one of the magazines last night about the danger of all our forests being destroyed unless something is done to stop the people cuttm down the trees Forest denudation is a thing ought to be But I let It were In your place- I cant help thlnkln how sad It would be It I grew up and got run over by Jhe and the forests were all denuded there d be no chance for me to get a wooden leg Transmigration From Christian Work sad Entngellst One morning Jenkins looked over his garden wall and to his Hey what burying in that holeOh he said Im Just replanting some of my seeds thats all Seeds shouted Jenkins angrily It like one of my hens v all right The seeds 7 ore In- side Honsekeeper Reaaoa Frost the Birmingham AgHerakL What Is your chief objection to pictures The dust that has accumulated behind them declare possession JaIme his 1 CrUst I saddler equIpment t undertook mater doubt rat I may CrUst James hUe their l Cr- Ust I lat f tat I t wh- oa es that prevented cars lad neIgh look c I mov- Ing SSaS will 5 S ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬
Transcript of SOUNDS OMINOUS WARNING ALFONSO EIVDIPvG€¦ · SOUNDS OMINOUS WARNING f President Ripley of the...
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THE WASHIK6TOH HERALD SUNDAY roiLY 3 ISIQ
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SOUNDS OMINOUS WARNINGf
President Ripley of the Santa Fe Fears Nation Is in GraveDanger Owing to Attitude Toward Railroads
By JAMES B MORROWThe Washington Herald
July 2 Incidental to the bus-iness of hauling merchandise and sell-
ing for skilled managersan4 expert financiers the railroads havedeveloped their own diplomatists strat-egists and fighting men
Also they have their own oratorslikely enough they were brakemen teleg-raphers or clerks years theirown poets only their poets do not writebooks or put their visions into rhyme
Railroad lawyers as a rule are merelyengineers seeking a right of way throughstatutes made and provided by otherlawyers In legislatures sometimes un-necessarily assembled They tunnel andbridge according to the topographical ec-
centricities of tho situation and ordi-narily are dry and technical persons
The railroad diplomatist strategist orwarrior needs to be more than a lawyer-or an engineer Broadly he must be aphilosopher SpecltlcallY he must under-stand the temper of the people and theinherent principles of human nature
Few BlundersGod said George F Baer in effect
gave the coal mines to the coal baronsBaer is a lawyer Brown of the NewYork Central a section hand In hisyouth will never fall into such a blunderof thought or statement nor willYoakura the former driver of a scrapernor will Marvin Hughltt tho oldtimetelegraph operator nor will James J11111 once a roustabout on the docks ofSt Paul nor will Edward Payson Ripley president of the Atchison Topekaand Santa Fe system who years agowas a shipping clerk for a firm of whole-salers in Boston
Realizing the gravity of the action re-cently taken by President Taft in thematter of rates the railroads of Chi-cago twenty and more in number cametcgether in a l aguo of defense and
some of their wisest men to rep-resent their cause In Washington TheInstinct and judgment of the conferencemade Mr Rlpley chief of the ambassa-dors An attorney might have split hairsand In the exhilaration of legal contro-versy muddled the case before the Pres-ident So Ripley a freight monger andan executive placid sagacious terseforceful and profoundly informed abouthis own business spoke for the railroadsthat gridiron tho great map of thoWest front Chicago to the shores of thoPacific
Like im Armored KnightMoreover Rlpler is physically
As I talk to him now in his ofnee many stories up with Lake Mlch-Jgan moving and glowing in the sunlightunder the windows I see a large manstructurally and Intellectually massiveman in head and features tall broadangular flat at the abdomen aa an ath-lete huge of chin nose and mouthand gray of eyes symmetrical and leon-ine such a man In short as one wouldpicture on a tremendous black horsearmorclad and carrying a heavy swordand a long lance a terror to his foesand a ure bulwark to his friends Inotice that his clothing Is not new thathe occasionally lifts his shoulders andspreads his hands like a Frenchman or
Jew ind that he Is short of visionbut that he does not use spectacles
The old man he is called In affectionup and down the 10000 miles of maintrack that constitutes the Santa Fasystem A mighty getter of freight tire-less and taciturn but violating ana contradicting the stern aspect of his appearance kindly thoughtful and just Hehas training schools reading rooms anda beautiful free magazine for his menThose who know him say he would havemade great judge Formerly he wasan officer on the C B Q The trafficmanager of that road had an obstinatedispute not long ago with the trafficmanager of the Santa
arbitrate the case said the SantaFe rather eagerly
All right replied tho C B Q1 am willing to leave It to Mr RIpley
your own presidentGo to thunder Santa Fe hastened to
say as he turned and walked away Isought no verification of the story fromMr Ripley but I It is true
Gloomy Regarding FutureWhile he talked with the measure of
habitual selfcontrol It was plain thatthis man who employs 60000 wageearnersand governs the business of a railroadthat covers the country from Chicago-to San Francisco and from Denver toGalveston was gloomy concerning thefuture and almost reconciled to what heterms the Ingratitude of the public Ihad asked him about the problems oftransportation not as seen by agitatorsand politicians but by the men who areon the inside of the railroads themselves
There are several very serious problems Mr Ripley said rather slowly
First are we to be permitted to liveMy experience goes back to the days ofrough and crude conditions Everybodywanted railroads then Everybody whohasnt them wants railroads now Mencome here from sparselysettled and Iso-lated regions begging for branch linesand conneotlons pledging to help and insome instances promising to pay onefourth of the cost They are willing tomortgage all they have that their landsmay be doubled or quadrupled In valueand their crops sent to market and soldat good prices for ready money Theyfeel as all the people felt when railroadbuilding was started in this country
Beginning of Greet LineWork on what is now known as the
Fe system began at the thenfrontier village of Topeka in 186S Counties through which the road was to belaid voted bonds for Its building Whentho track was completed to Wakarusathirteen miles from Topeka the achievement was duly celebrated by an
to that settlement In a borrowedpassenger car drawn by a borrowed
The first citizens of Kansas em-
phasized tho occasion by their presenceThey were enthusiastic but visibly skep-tical when Col Cyrus K Holllday projector of the enterprise proclaimed in aspeech that the crooked little road wouldone day touch the shores of the
Cy Warman the locomotiveand poet I said stated that one In-
credulous Individual threw himself uponthe grass when Holllday gave utteranceto his grotesque prophecy and shouted in
Oh the damned oldheard Mr Ripley replied
quite soberly The unbeliever on thewas afterward the general passen
of the road he added In1SG9 the year I entered the service ofthe Pennsylvania Railroad as a clerk inthe city of Boston he went on to say
the rolling stock of the Atchison Topeka and Santa Fe Company consistedof one secondhand locomotive twelve flatcars each of ten tons capacity a pas-senger coach that had between Cincinnati and ahandcar The running time of trainsfrom North Topeka to Burlingame adistance of less than twentyseven mileswas 2 hours and 35 minutes There werelive stations between it Is true and the
carried local freight as well as
On the best roads of that periodthe grades were easy and the
tracks modern twentyfive cars each
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loaded with ten tons of freight were allthat the strongest of locomotives couldpull Now there aje from thirty to sev-enty cars of fifty tons to a trainThe contrast between as I sawit and the present is striking Indeed ifone stops and reflects upon the factsof the case Transportation by rail hasbeen revolutionized The property of rail-roads has been rebuilt from the groundup We have new tracks new bridgesnew cars and new locomotives Eventhe grass and weeds along the right ofway are now trimmed or cut
The change has cost asum of money Men have gone into theirown pockets with remarkable daring andliberality to meet the expense They ex-pected profit of course but while theywere rebuilding their railroads they werepractically rebuilding the country andwhile they were ready to makemoney for themselves they were con-verting villages into cities and touching
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implication shall have his share of theproperty now unjustly denied him Itwas such grotesque and impossible prom-ises that fooled the people of RomePoliticians Interested solely in themselves mark you have agitated and legislated and railroad building has beenstopped That means that the purchase-of Iron Umber and labor has ceased
The now work under way will bathat money already spent may
but no more will be under-taken in my opinion until the peopleBilence the politicians who are Jeopard-izing both capital and labor or turn
out of office Meanwhile many ofhave quit making Im-
provements and others are runningdown in equipment and are neglectingto keep their tracks and bridges up tothe needed standard of efficiency Thecountry in due time will surely feel theeffects of the demagogical war on railroad investments There ba a period
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OPPOSES GOVERNMENT OWNERSHIP
EDWABD PAYSON BIPLEYPresident of the Fe systembiG
dormant or inaccessible into hap-py life and prosperous activity
Yet most of the railroads in the UnitedStates Improved as they have been needgreater Improvements still Compara-tively few have been doubletrackedMost of them need better bridges and allroadbeds should be fortified with rockballast Mr James J Hill says weshould spend 600000000 In preparing ade-quately to do the countrys businesswhen the crops are large and labor is employed to the limit In my judgmentMr estimate should be multiplied
times Tfce age demands-an immense expenditure of new moneyThe people really desire that It be ex-pended However the railways are soIncessantly harassed by fortysix Statesand the national government that menInterested in the development of ourtransportation facilities have becomeweary and discouraged
Business Needs ProtectionNow the regulation of a business by a
State or by the government In Washington the protection of that business
morals and common justiceLegitimate business should be protectedby law It Is protected with the singleexception of the business of carryingthe freight of the nation of Insuring theprosperity of the country as a whole andof enriching hosts of people individually
farmers merchants manufacturers andothers
I shall pause long enough to say thatthe railways and only the railwaysmake the wide exchange of theof labor I wish theisis and men of the UnitedStates would take the sentence I havejust spoken into their minds for seriousand coherent reflection Nevertheless asI have said the railway business Is theonly property interest In America that Isdenied prolectional legislation by ourlawmakers Such laws as arc passedwith respect to railroads oro regulatoryand restrictive Absolutely nothing isdone to help us
Moreover the statements we makefrom time to time are rejected on theground that they are untrue or disingenuous We ore treated as persons out-side the common code and courtesies ofbusiness life as outlaws against thetruth and as tricksters who juggle withfigures that we may cheat tho publicRailroads capital lessthan mines mills or factories If wesay as we do say In our report to ourshareholders that the gross earnings ofthe Santa Fe System amounted to 34000000 last year and that we paid out 60500000 for labor material and taxes noone stops long enough to con-
fess that we are of to theWe get no only coband clubs
A Benefit to the NationWhat we do In the city of Topeka Is
being done In hundreds of other placesby the different railroads of the UnitedStates Our taxes In Topeka amount to
33000 a year In Shawnee County to 21
000 a year and in the State of Kansasto nearly 1100000 a year Four thousand-of our men live In Topeka and theydraw 245000 each in wages Themoney Is spent is earned andour employes sober and industrious menare buying homes for themselves andcontributing to the community in char-acter and citizenship weare doing can forand comfort of our men We haveschools for our apprentices and when anemploye can no longer work we give hima
responsible I Interruptedfor the hostile feeling toward rail-
roadsThe politicians Mr Rlpley calmly
answered clasping his hands behind hishead and stretching his long legs across-a corner of his desk American poli-ticians are like the politicians of ancientRome rhey go to the people and sayGive us office and we shall abolish yourtaxes and every man they assert by
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of stagnation and disintegration andtho government wilt then take the rail-roads
Sees Downfall of the RepublicAnd what will happen T I askedWe shall see the downfall of the re-
public Mr Ripley replied without anyshow of feeling You know It he saidturning to me and speaking emphatically
thoughtful and Intelligent manhe added Government own
ership of our railroads In the presentstate of our politics and with our presentkind of public men would cause thedownfall of the nation I have carefullygone over the matter In my ownand I am expressing my deliberatementYes
Mr Rlpley went on to say Ihave lived through changes of methods-In the operation of railroads and through
of public sentiment toward theSome one has said that man
Is only grateful for what he expects andnot for what he has already obtainedTo the lonely farmer with only a wagonand a yoke of oxan or a team of horsesfor his freight and a drive of manyweary miles to market the coming of arailroad was a blessing longed for andJoyfully accepted Corn and wheat bythe magic of quick cheap and easytransportation could be exchanged forshoes cloth and the common essentials of human existence Land thatwas useless was put to the plow Thevalue of property was multiplied manytimesManagers
of railroads understood thatthey needed loads for their empty carsThey were business men and not philan-thropists but their work was highlybeneficial to mankind Just the same
constructive blow they struck forhelped those who lived or
owned land or were engaged In businessalong their lines The Santa Fe com-pany typical of large railroad corpora
in has colonization agentsInto new communi-
ties and to turn barren stretches intoorchards gardens and blooming fieldsDryfarming is being taught by scientificagriculturists and occasionally moneyIs loaned for the purchase of seed andImplements We also have an Industrialdepartment that capital and opportunitymay be combined to build factories openmines and give remunerative employ-ment to willing men
Helps Develop IndustriesWo helped to develop the manufacture
of cement in the eastern tier of countiesIn Kansas There were limestone andgas In of the country cheapmaterial and fuel and when the gas gaveout there was plenty of oil More cementIs being produced In Kansas than isbeing produced anywhere else so I amtold It has been the same with sugarIn tho great Arkansas Valley east ofPueblo In Colorado were hundreds ofthousands of rich acres dead howeverfor the want of rain We encouragedIrrigation projects at a time when everyone knew much less about digging ditchesthan Is the case at present Waste landbecame productive and five modern
are manufacturing sugar In thattoday Farmers are making
money on the of thofactories a profit on theirsugar and the Santa Fe Railroad is haul-ing the
And owners and managersof our transportation beenbusy In developing theagriculture and the Industries of the na
politicians in our State legislaturesin Congress have been hectoring us
with Injurious legislation and enacting itinto law at times and Inflaming thepassions of the people against us and the
we When we saystand the perse-
cution of the politicians we are accusedof lying even though the governmentsends agents into our offices and knowsall the facts from an examination of ourbooks Everything we have aboutthe increase of our expenses
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create of our profits can be proved byour records and by tho agents of thegovernment who as I said have nccessto all the and Information con-
cerning our business Can you doubtthat the men with money invested in ourrailroads and the men charged with theresponsibility of managing our railroadstake a pretty gloomy view of tho futura
Denies Giving Rebates1t is said in Washington that rebates
ore now being given to some shippers-in the form of money paid for alleged
or delays to goods inI
We are not doing anything of thekind Mr Rlploy answered Nor do Ibelieve other roads are guilty of thepractice Rebating began when It seemedlogical and Just from the shippersviewpoint that the wholesale purchasers-of transportation should be given a dis
aa was the rule In all lines of busA anon who bought a carload of
salt got a reduction in price as agalnitthe man who bought but a single barrelof salt
There were plenty of railroad managers however who never accepted theprinciple In its application to transpor-tation They could look and see-the time when big manufacturers andmerchants enjoying the advantages ofrebates would drive the little manu-facturers and merchants out of businessBut the big shipper was a vigorous andresourceful individual After compellingthe impecunious roads to accept histerms ho found little difficulty in makingsatisfactory bargains with theRebating was always an evilopinion of railway men and I do not be-
lieve that it la being revived by anothermethod It was on abuse we ajl wantedabolished
Not PresbyterianYour given name Edward Payson
would Indicate that your parents weregood Presbyterians I said getting awayfrom to matters that are
My mother was a Payson and therewere Edwards in the family Besidesmy parents were not Presbyterians MrRlpley answered
Were you like most of the men whohave distinguished themselves in businessand the professions a poor boy
My father was a small merchant InMassachusetts His Income I saynever exceeded 600 a year butwell and I attended the Dorchester HighSchool until I was seventeen years oldwhen I went to work
WhereIn Boston going as an apprentice as-
wan the custom then into a wholesaleestablishment My wages were 50 ayear and I boarded at home I workedalong until I was made shipping clerkat 400 a year which was more money Ithought than could be conveniently managed by a young man By and by Iwas offered a better place In the Bostonoffice of the Pennsylvania Railroad Thatwas In 1S6S and I was twentyone yearsold In 1S70 I went with the ChicagoBurlington and Quincy Railroad becom-ing general Eastern agent in 1872 thengeneral freight agent then traffic manager and finally general manager I wasthird vice president of the Chicago Mil-waukee and Bt Paul Railway from liEto 1S96 Since the latter year I have oc-
cupied my present positionYou are one of the great railroad men
of the country I wild By whatmethods have you success-
I have never plansor methods Mr Ripley answered look-Ing at me in some puzzlement and
because of the character of thequestion I just took what came tohand and worked as hard as I couldNeither Influence nor pull as It Is calledwas ever employed in my behalf
Do you fish or hunt or M
No I play golfCopyright 19M by James B Morrow
A MOONSHINER
An Odd Character Up in the OzarkMountains
The temperance wave In the Ozark reiglon of Missouri has deprived many ofthe old mountaineers of their customary
dram and caused a social drought almost equal to that of a long dry summerA large majority of the best citizens inSouthern Missouri counties favored thelocal option law and many voted for It inorder that the numerous distilleries in thehill country might bo put out of busfnessWhen these establishments closed it wasdifficult for the man who lives far fromthe railroad station to ship In a supply ofliquor
There Is one thing In particular forwhich a native of the Ozarks Isand that Is his resourcefulnessChicago Inter Ocean Those who hadbeen accustomed to going to the distilleryand buying liquor by the jug awoke tothe realization that the custom was atan end Something had to be done torelieve the situation
At Hammond In Ozark County sixtyfive miles from tho nearest railroad sta-tion lives Stoney Williams In his fer-tile brain he figured out plan which hebelieved would end the social droughtand at the same time revolutionize thelocal option law that is In force In al-
most county In the Ozark regionof
The Hammond Distilling1 Company wasorganized by Williams with a capitalstock of 5000 and a charter obtained fromthe secretary of state The shares werevalued at 10 each and only one sharewas sold to any person No trouble wasexperienced in selling the stock
The owner of a share of stock was aprivileged character at the distillery
He was permitted to bring his corn andhave it converted into meal or flour asthe case might be the liquor wasdistilled it was charge by thegovernment gauger and in duo time thetax was paid and the stockholder got hiswhisky less the amount token as tollfor converting the corn Into spirits
The distiller for the Hammond Distill-ing Company was Jim Loftus Every-one In the Ozark region fromCreek to White River knowsheard of Uncle Jim For almost fiftyyears he has made whisky and to usehls own expression there was many agallon that never had any revenue paidon It
In his younger days Jim Loftus had amoonshine still It was a transportableaffair and could easily be moved whenthe revenues as Jim called the gov-
ernment agents came around In oneconflict Marshal Langston was shot andtemporarily gave up the
A short time Ser-vice agent arrested Jim Loftus and tookhim to Jefferson City where the UnitedStates Court for this district was thenheld Jim was found guilty of wild-
catting as the revenues termed theIllicit distilling of whisky andgiven a sentence of one year In jail Heserved out his time In the Cole Countyjail at Jefferson City and was a modelprisoner While a prisoner In the JailJim composed a song each line or whichreferred to some character in his homecounty and the song became the anthemof the settlement where Jim bas residedfor than fifty years
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ALFONSO REIGNChurch Garnets Republicans and Illness EMst
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ence of Spains Ruler
t I J
EIVDIPvGThreat ri
f YSy THE EXATTACHE
At no time since the restoration in1874 has the Spanish Crown ben
by so grave a crisis as at thepresent moment Not even in the disas-trous year of 1858 which witnessed thedefeat of the nation both on land and atsea as well as its loss of the Antillesand of the Philippines was the outlook
the war with the United Stateswas in progress conservatives liberalsand even republicans laid aside for thenonce their quarrels in order to present-a united front to the foreign foe andto avoid of a nature to embarrass the government in its efforts toretain possession of the Theclergy and tho religiousloyalty to the throne and even the Carlists were impelled by motives of pa-
triotism to intimate to the Queen RegentChristina that she had nothing to fearfrom them while the struggle was inprogress
Now the situation is entirely changedThere Is no longer any foreign war tounite the Spaniards against a commonenemy But they are on the verge of oneof those civil wars which have contributed more than anything else In thehistory of the kingdom to blight Itsprosperity and to Impede Its
and progressThe church and by that I mean not
only the episcopacy and the clergy butalso the enormously wealthy and in-
fluential religious orders areagainst the government and
against Alfonso XIIIFor he has definitely thrown in his lot
with tho cabinet and according toPremier Canalejas he is a thoroughlyconvinced liberal and a monarch ofmodern Ideas I have laid before himmy entire programme without any con-
cealment of the difficulties in the wayof its realization yet he has given mehis full confidence and cooperation
Until the overthrow of the conservativeadministration of Senor Maura last yearthe clergy and the religious orders con-
stituted the chief bulwark of the throneAlfonso XIII and the latters secretary
of state Cardinal Rarapolla was papalnuncio at Madrid at the time of theyoung soverlgns posthumous birth thereThe Interest of the late Pope and of theCardinal in the King was therefore ofan almost parental character and it ledthem to hold in check the Carllststhroughout his long minority by meansof threats of the penalties of the churchto the pretender If he even so much ascountenanced any rising of his
In Spain and of more drasticpunishment to any bishop priest ormonk guilty of lending support to theCarllst cause
B
Leo XIII died and Rampolla themade way for Merry del Val the
Spaniards at the Vatican Alfonso losttwo of his best friends who possessedof a large measure of statesmanship hadalways been willing to make allowancesfor the necessities of political exigencyand who wore able to appreciate thefact that certain concessions to liberal-ism and to the spirit of twentieth cen-tury modernism and progress were indispensable to the preservation of histhrone
Pius X has shown himself less indulgent and tho place of Rampolla as
of state has been taken byMerry del Vat who in spite
of his English education Is a Spaniardof the mpst ultraconservative traditionsprejudices and affiliations and to whom
in any shape or form is
with Spain have beencharacterized by so much intransigeance-as to interfere with the administrationof the and to block every
The revision of theconcordat that is to say of the treatyby means of which the relations be-tween the papacy and the state are governod has been long recognized as a
of urgency by liberal and concabinets alike
For it dates from 1S51 and life even inSpain has moved forward to such an ex-tent during tho past sixty years that Itis no longer suitable to the conditions-of the present dayIt Is a subject for regret that owing
to the Spanish national characteristicnamely procrastination the revision wasput off and put off during the lifetimeof Leo XIH with whom It would havebeen relatively facile to reach a com-promise The latter has become Impos-sible since Plus X has been occupyingthe chair of St and he has shownhimself unwilling to yield on anyor to meet the government in theest way
In fact the Vatican has given it plainly to understand that If there are anyconcessions In connection with the revis
con-
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today
colonies
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anathema
government
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ion of the concordat they will have to bemade by Spain in such a fashion as toremove tho restrictions imposed by thetreaty of 1861 upon the church and to in-
crease rather than diminish the lattersauthority
Senor Canalejaa is the first Spanishpremier to grapple with the revision ofthe concordat question with energy andvigor Moat of his in officehad the
had been afraid to put theirpromises Into execution and the rankand file of the Liberal party had becomeso discouraged by what they regarded asa betrayal of their that theywere drifting away into therepublican camp It was to arrest thiswholesale desertion and in the ofretaining Liberals aparty the dynasty that Canalejas set to work In real earnest to revisethe
the pretensions of theVatican from the very outset of thenegotiations and with the object of bring-ing pressure to bear upon the papacy theSpanish premier announced his Intentionof enforcing to the letter the provisionsof the concordat of 1851 Those imposed-a number of restrictions upon thewhich have been far more honored in thebreach than in tho observance
Thus the concordat limits the numberof religious orders In the kingdom toless than 100 whereas today there arenearly 4000 most of them owningproperty exemption from
as well as other privileges thatspeaking should belong only to
the orders provided for by the treaty of18S1 It is not merely that these unau-thorized religious orders are large owners of landed property but they are alsoengaged all over Spain In industry andcommerce some of them even owningsteamship lines and the very fact thatthey have been permitted to go untaxedhas given them enormous advantagesover their lay rivals in business and hasbeen a source of constant bitterness tothe latter
With the approval of the King Canalejas issued orders to the receivers general-of revenue in the fortynine ofSpain directing them toreligious congregations religious ordersand communities not explicitly author-ized by the concordat that they wouldhave in the first place to seek chartersin accordance with the terms and re-
quirements of the law governing the for-mation and existence of corporations andsocieties of one kind and another thatif they declined to conform to this de-cree their order would be dispersed andtheir property confiscated to the state
He also caused It to be intimatedthat if thoy obtained the necescharters they would thenceforth
be subjected to the same real estatetaxes income tax municipal and industrial imposts succession taxes and trans-fer tares as any other corporation or so-
ciety The premier further instructedthe minister of the treasury to obtain
his officers statistics of the inand trade on by the re-
ligious orders with to their beingsubjected to the same fiscal burdens asordinary industry and commerce
Pius X instead of being moved by thisdeparture of Premier Canalejas to endeavor to seek a compromise on the subject of the revision of the concordatpreferred to see therein a declaration ofhostilities He protested violently againstthe decrees concerning the unauthorizedreligious orders declaring that the premier had no right to Inaugurate anysuch policy while the negotiations
revision of the concordat were in
Moreover he has chosen to interpretthe action of the Spanish cabinet as thebeginning of a war such as that whichtho French government lisa been wag-ing against the Church ever since the repeal of the concordat and the cessaUonof all official intercourse with the papacya few years ago The dispersal by theFrench government of all the religiousorders that declined to submit to thelaws governing associations and corpo-rations and the confiscation of the vastproperty belonging to the church and tothe religious orders in France was agreat blow to the papacy and moreoverconstituted an enormous loss of revenuebesides a heavy drain on Its exchequer
The Vatican will not allow anything ofthe kind to take place in which-it has always regarded as peculiar preserve without a severe strug-gle Finding that King Alfonso hasthrown in his lot with Senor Canalejasand is determined to loyally support theLiberal administration on the ground thatit is only by so doing that he can keepabreast of the tide of republicanism thatIs arising all over the Iberian peninsula-in Spain as well as in Portugal the pa
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AMERICAN GIRL A BRIDEi
VICOUNTESS ACHES01T3-
110s1 Mildred Carter was married io Vlsconnt Acheson June S3 at SiGeorges Hanover Square In London The American Ambassador and MrsWhlelaw Reid lent Dorchester House for the reception Had It not beesfor the court befog in mourning for the late King Edward there wouldhave beea many royal at the Mrs Carter raoikcr of thebride decided to keep possible
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pacy has turned against the Klngfanfipractically was upon him
It is war defense of theious orders and of their property InSpain a war for the protection of whatthe papacy regards as the rights and
the church In the kingdomCatholic Majesty The epis-
copacy the clergy and the religiousorders In Spain have been relieved bythe holy see of the prohibition Imposedupon them by Leo XIH to retrain fromcountenancing In any way the Carllstcause This is of course equivalent toan encouragement of them from Rome tothrow In their lot from henceforth withDon Jaime the Carllst pretender andtheir devotion to him will be all the moreemphatic and vigorous since his successmeans not only the preservation of theirpresent property and prerogatives butthe acquisition of additional rights andpowerfor himself has been given to
he would be free fromhenceforth as tar as the Vatican Is con-cerned to take any steps that he sawfit with a view to the enforcement ofclaims to the throne and when he reap-pears In Spain to head a Carllst risingit will be as the champion of the churchand itSTicfender from the policy of spolia-tion and oppression to which King Alfocso and Premier Canalejas are com-mitted In the eyes of Pius X and of hissecretary of state Cardinal Merry delVal
That Spain is on the eve of anothergreat insurrection no close observer affairs can doubt forone moment Within the last fortnightDon Jaime has been presented by theCarllst leaders with a goldembroidereduniform of Carllst generalissimo suchas that worn by his father In the Carllstwars of the seventh decade of the lastcentury with saber spurs and
ready forsoldiers of fortune these
stormy petrels of International politicsare flocking from all parts of tho worldto his chateau at Frensdorf and to thoCarlist centers In the south of Franceand In London
Don Jaime unlike his father is a soldier by profession has taken part asan officer of Russian cavalry In severalCentral Asian campaigns and in the twoRussian wars in Manchuria being deco-rated for conspicuous gallantry at thetaking of Mukden Moreover he Is veryrich and very ambitious and wholly lack-Ing In that Indolence which characterizedDon Carlos throughout his life and whichInterfered so greatly with the success ofeverything that he
Whether Don In hiscontemplated rising is a ofHe will have arrayedclergy the religious orders the peasant
fitly rate of the northern provincesto a certain extent the provincial
aristocracy who have always had a leaning toward legitimacy
Moreover all the great Spanish nobil-ity which Is still loyal to King Alfonsomight be relied upon in the event of thelatters disappearance to transfer theirallegiance to Don lame rather than toconfront the alternative of another re-public at Madrid
For the first time In the history of thewars there will be no lack
not only Donown large fortune but thereligious orders will be availableIt is understood that there are certainfinancial houses both in London and InParis that have expresses readi-ness to contribute extensively to any
Insurrection
I have referred above to the possibilityof the disappearance of Don AlfonsoThe latter Is In an exceedingly criticalstate of health Those who saw him inLondon at the time of Edward VHsfuneral a few weeks ago were shockedby his appearance and the eminent aurlstof Bordeaux whom Alfonso visits sofrequently Is greatly alarmed about himowing to the fact that the operation of
year has proved unavailing and thatmalady from which he Js suffering
has made such progress as to render afurther application of the knife in amuch more drastic and dangerous formurgent
There Is indeed a very general Impression both In Spain and In foreign capitals that Alfonso not outlive theyear and that his jrelga Is nearing itspremature end while the unpopularity ofhis English consort and her failure tosecure any hold on the affection of thepeople of the land of her adoption renderthe succession of her little boy under herregency to the last degree Improbable-
It Is necessary to mention this In orderto explain the present attitude of thepapacy Of course the latter feels bit-terly toward Don Alfonso for Indorsingthe anticlerical policy of Canalejas ac-cusing him of ingratitude In forgettingall that the holy see did to protect andsafeguard his throne during his Infancyand boyhood But It also considers Itselfobliged to contemplate the possibility ofa republic at Madrid where at the lastlegislative elections the entire capitalwent republican as did also Barcelonawhich is the Liverpool of Spain and thatother great city Valencia Although thepresent Liberal administration Is prepared to leave to the church most of theproperty and the possessions guaranteedby the concordat of 1851 a republic woulddo away with the concordat altogetherand deprive the church of everythingIt owned as well as all its rightsprivileges-
It has nothing but loss to expect fromthe present regime but worse from arepublic and having no confidence Inthe stability of Don Alfonsos throne orin the preservation of his life fears thatthe close of his reign either by revolu-tion or death will result lit tho procla-mation of a republic That Is why asthe only alternative within 4its reach Ithas allied Itself with the cause of DonSaline and has severed the leashes whichsince 1876 have served to keep in checkthe Carltsts
Copyright 910 rt the Brtntirood Onapoaj
Johnnys PearWhat are you thinking about John
ny asked the teacher You seem tobe greatly worried
I was reading an article In one of themagazines last night about the dangerof all our forests being destroyed unlesssomething is done to stop the people
cuttm down the treesForest denudation is a thing
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your place-I cant help thlnkln how sad It would
be It I grew up and got run over by Jheand the forests were all denuded
there d be no chance for me to get awooden leg
TransmigrationFrom Christian Work sad Entngellst
One morning Jenkins looked over hisgarden wall and to his
Hey what burying in thatholeOh he said Im Just replantingsome of my seeds thats all
Seeds shouted Jenkins angrily Itlike one of my hens v
all right The seeds 7 ore In-side
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What Is your chief objection topictures
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