Sound Terminology - FutureLearn · Soundtrack Location sound ... Sound Terminology. ... instruments...
Transcript of Sound Terminology - FutureLearn · Soundtrack Location sound ... Sound Terminology. ... instruments...
www.intofilm.org Teaching Literacy Through Film
Soundtrack
Location sound (also known as production sound or direct sound)
Dialogue
Silence
Sound FX
Foley sound
Musical score
Diegetic sound
Non-diegetic sound
Contrapuntal sound
All the different layers of sound used within a film, including location sound, dialogue, sound effects (FX), Foley sound, and musical score.
Sound recorded during production (filming).
Sound produced by characters speaking.
A lack of audible sound or presence of sounds of very low intensity, often used in film for dramatic effect or to give the audience a breather after climactic scenes.
Recorded sound added to the location sound in post-production (editing).
Sound recorded live to add to the track to enhance aspects of the sound, eg a door creaking, footsteps.
Music added to the soundtrack.
Sound that comes from the film world; those sounds that you would hear if you were a character in the film world.
Sounds from outside the film world, that characters within the film world would not be able to hear.
Sound that contrasts strongly with the image that you see on screen.
Sound Terminology
Teaching literacy through film
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Worksheet
Storyboard Template
See, think, make. Imagine
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Our resources are designed to be used with selected film titles, which are available free for clubs at www.filmclub.org
Guide to Garageband
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Our resources are designed to be used with selected film titles, which are available free for clubs at www.intofilm.org
Guide to Garageband
Garageband is a pretty easy way of recording your own music on an iPad. You can build up your soundtrack by layering separately recorded pieces of music.
This guide has been designed to provide a basic overview of the process of creating a soundtrack in Garageband. For more detailed support with using Garageband, check out the Garageband Help page on the Apple website at apple.com/uk/support/mac-apps/garageband
Here’s the Garageband app icon on your home screen.
A list of any songs you’ve made before will appear. Click
on the plus sign in the top left to start a new project.
This will be the first screen that pops up, swipe across to
choose your instrument.
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Guide to Garageband
It can be tricky to replicate a drum beat with your fingers
on the kit. Tap this button to switch to classic drum machine.
You also have the option of keyboard, guitar, and some
'smart' instruments, which can create a 'groove' at the
touch of a button. The current version offers 'smart'
strings, guitar, drums and keyboard. These are all good
for coming up with something quick and full-sounding.
The Undo button is very useful if you make a mistake.
Tap the Red button to record and the Stop button to
stop (this will only flash when you’re recording).
Metronome is very handy to if you need a count-in,
click to keep your recording in time.
When you tap the Mixing icon you’ll bring up a number
of options that are quite self-explanatory. The main one
you’ll use is track volume as you can use this to balance
the volume of individual tracks to balance your piece.
There are other effects like echo and reverb here. Echo
will create an echo on that track to the level you choose
and reverb adds a ‘sustain’ to the individual sounds. Both
of these can add to the atmosphere of the piece.
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Guide to Garageband
Amplifier setting (jack icon) is good for getting crunchy,
echoey edges to your sound effects, as they use the
styles of old-school rock guitar amplifiers, a great cheat
for giving more colour and depth to your soundtrack.
Tap this to record any diegetic sounds you’d like to
include (it uses the onboard internal iPad microphone).
Maybe you’ve got a really creaky door at home and
you’d like to build it as a sound effect into the mix-
record this here and add effects to make your piece
richer.
The mixing desk icon lights up blue when you’re in this
screen with all your tracks laid out (our drum machine
track is highlighted).
As this is a quick guide we’re not going to explore all the
instruments on offer but it’s worth a look at Guitar Amp
(swipe to the right of drums).
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Our resources are designed to be used with selected film titles, which are available free for clubs at www.intofilm.org
Guide to Garageband
When you’re ready to drop your piece into your film in
iMovie, tap and hold down on your chosen song in MY
SONGS.
A blue box will appear and your tune will start jiggling.
Tap this box to open up your song in another app.
Click share and your
film will then export to
iMovie.
Then open in iMovie
by tapping here on
the iMovie icon.
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Guide to Garageband
Open your film in iMovie by tapping on the title in your
film projects list.
Tap the pencil /clapperboard icon to open your chosen
film project.
On the top right tap Audio.
Choose your piece from Imported, you can press
play to make sure it’s the correct clip. Then tap the
downward arrow to drop the clip onto your film.
The audio track will then show up underneath the
individual shots on your iMovie timeline and you can edit
this in the same way you edit pre-programmed themes
and audio sound effects in iMovie.
In this example the audio clip was too short for the film
so we’ve slowed it down by a half to fit.
Do this this by tapping on the audio track to highlight (it
will go be highlighted yellow). Then tapping the dial icon
drag the marker away towards the rabbit icon to speed
the music up and towards the tortoise icon to slow it
down, until the music track is matched to the length of
the shot timeline.
The film timeline will appear.
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Guide to Garageband
Remember you can undo any operation in the same way
as in Garageband by using the undo icon (top right).
Another handy tool is fade to fade in with the music at
the beginning or maybe to fade out at the end of the
film to create a smooth transition. To do this tab on the
soundtrack (it goes yellow) then tap the speaker icon,
you’ll see Fade at bottom right.
Tap this and a yellow triangle will appear at the end of
the soundtrack bar. Moving this to the left creates a fade shadow so you can adjust the height and depth of the
fade, listening as you go.
TOP TIPS!
• Garageband automatically saves your work,
so you don’t need to save as you go.
• It’s best to get the sounds you want before you
drop your piece to iMovie, as you have more
editing options in Garageband.
• Don’t worry too much about writing a whole
piece from start to finish in one go. Concentrate
on keeping your individual tracks and sounds to
smaller chunks, it will be a lot easier if you have got
the film running while you’re laying tracks together.
• The Garageband guitar sounds that come with
the app are really good for chords (ie multiple
strings played together- lots of notes combined to
sound like one satisfying sound) as these are more
difficult for inexperienced musicians to play.
You can also hit Trim as you go, and when you adjust
the length of the piece the fade will adjust accordingly.
Into Film has a simple Guide to using iMovie available
at www.intofilm.org/filmmaking, click on the Resources
section.