soul mates forlife - Purdue University · MEDICINAL MUSHROOMS AND FUNGI Key Properties, Mechanisms...
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6/14/2019 1 soul mates for life partnering with fungi for medicine and mycoremediation Tradd Cotter Mushroom Mountain “If we gaze deep, deep into nature, we will find the solutions for everything…”
Transcript of soul mates forlife - Purdue University · MEDICINAL MUSHROOMS AND FUNGI Key Properties, Mechanisms...
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soul mates for lifepartnering with fungi for
medicine and mycoremediation
Tradd CotterMushroom Mountain
“If we gaze deep, deep into nature, we will find the solutions for everything…”
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“If we gaze deep, deep into nature, we will find the solutions for everything…”
- Albert Einstein
www.dinosaurisle.com/images/Timelin
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Loglife.com
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DEVONIAN LANDSCAPE
350-420 MILLION YEARS AGO...
Dawson, 1888
20 Feet
Cooksonia – 3ft
Prototaxites
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INTERACTIONSKINGDOM
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Plant – Fungus - VirusThree-Way Symbiosis
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Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae
Cedar Apple Rust
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Ustilago maydis
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Significant Increase in Metabolite Production at Competitor Sites
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Metabolite Production at Competitor Sites
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Jack o’lanternOmphalotus illudens
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Total Maximum Daily Loads(TMDLs)
• Sediment• Pathogens• Nutrients• Metals• Dissolved Oxygen• Temperature• pH• Pesticides• Mercury• Organics
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BUILDING FUNGALBIOMASS
RecyclingAids
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Pestalotiopsis microspora
Polyurethane Degrading Fungus
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Cultivating on Ag waste and Weeds
• Spent Coffee• Cereal Straw (oat, wheat, rye)• Cotton Waste• Corn Waste• Kudzu• Water Hyacinth
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Vegetable Foliage Recycled and Used for Mushroom Cultivation Media
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Octanol – “Mushroom Alcohol”
www.celebratebig.com
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4. COMPOST AND VERMICULTURE FOR
SOIL AND WORM PRODUCTION
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SOIL REMEDIATION
IN SITU
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Lentinus lepideus
Chromated copper arsenate (CCA)
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SCREENING FUNGI
CHEMICAL
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Pleurotus ostreatus
ATRAZINE HERBICIDE AGAR
3X LABELED USE RATE
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DAY 10
DAY 12
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SCREENING FUNGI
BIOLOGICAL
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9-22-11
9-22-11
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http://chessman.com/pics/Bonnie%20feeding%20cows.jpg
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SCREENING FUNGI
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Turkey Tails and other “Brackets”
HEMLOCK REISHI
Ganoderma tsugae
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RATE OF GROWTH
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King StrophariaStropharia rugoso-annulata
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MYCOPESTICIDESCollecting and Cultivating Entomopathogens
The picture can't be displayed.
Copyright – Tradd Cotter
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www.lancs.ac.uk/staff/grahamr/
http://www.ars.usda.gov/is/graphics/photos/oct04/k11145-17i.jpg
Metarhizium feeding on Varroa Mites
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Daniel Winkler
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MUSHROOM MOUNTAINMYCOPESTICIDES
TARGET-SPECIFIC, Biologicalalternative to chemicals
Chemical
Pesticide
Large Target Window
MYCOPESTICIDALNarrow Target
Window
Broad Range Acephate Toxicity
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CHLORPYRIFOS
7.5 BILLION POUNDS OF PRODUCT USE
PER YEAR in U.S.
ACTIVE
INGREDIENT
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Medicinal MushroomsHistory and Future of Immune System Reinforcement
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MEDICINAL MUSHROOMS AND FUNGIKey Properties, Mechanisms and Targeted Treatments
• IMMUNE MODULATION• ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND SUGAR
REGULATION• NERVE DEGENERATION AND DISORDERS• ANTIFUNGAL• ANTIBACTERIAL• CANCER REPLICATION AND APOPTOSIS• VIRUS INHIBITION
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Beta Glucans
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Cap Cuticle Pigmentation and Optimizing Wavelength Parameters
Red, light emission 580-660 nm, maximum at 631 nm; yellow, light emission 550-630 nm, maximum at 597 nm; Blue, light emission 420-550 nm, maximum at 463 nm;
Green, light emission 470-600 nm, maximum at 517 nm
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Figure 1. Effect of UV irradiation sources on the efficacy of vitamin D2 synthesis in oyster mushrooms.
Wu W-J, Ahn B-Y (2014) Statistical Optimization of Ultraviolet Irradiate Conditions for Vitamin D2 Synthesis in Oyster Mushrooms(Pleurotus ostreatus) Using Response Surface Methodology. PLoS ONE 9(4): e95359. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0095359
http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0095359
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Wood Ear
Auricularia auricula
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Cordyceps
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Biochemical Characteristics of Cordyceps
Origin of Cyclosporin –Immune suppressant used to prevent human organ
transplant rejection
Cordycepssubsessilis
Images: botit.botany.wisc.edu/toms_fungi/jun2006.html
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Cordyceps militarisAttacks Lepidoptera and other Insect Pupae
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Common Cordyceps of the Carolinas
Cordyceps militarisAttacks Lepidoptera and other Insect Pupae
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Cordyceps ophioglossoides• Attacks Elaphomyces (false truffles)
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CordycepsElaphocordyceps ophioglossoides
Lion’s Mane or Pom Pom
Hericium erinaceus
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Maitake
Grifola frondosa
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TURKEY TAILTrametes versicolor
Almond Portabella
Agaricus blazei / Agaricusbrasiliensis
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Enoki or Velvet Foot
Flammulina velutipes
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AGARIKONLaricifomes officinale
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Lentinus strigosus
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Psilocybe cubensis
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The “Magic”
Mushrooms
silocybin
silocin
aeocystin
Gymnopilus spectabilis
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ColorsRed – Heart
Purple – JointsGreen – Liver
White – Lungs / SkinYellow – Spleen
Black – Kidneys / Brain
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CHAGA
Inonotus obliquus
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KING TUBERPleurotus tuber-reggium
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Pancreatic Cancer
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BIRD’SNEST
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Extracts and Preservation
LIVEDosage: 1 grams/kg body weight
Alcohol (ethanol) 90% - 2 weeks of living tissue blendedDilute to 20-23% alcohol for long term storage to avoid denaturing.
Store cold
DRIEDDosage: 2-5 grams/kg body weight
Store whole and powder just before use to limit oxidation.Encapsulate for ease consuming directly.
Boil Powder in water/alcohol bath until alcohol evaporates.Squeeze extract through filter. Repeat with fresh hot water. (sparging)
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MYCOINFUSION
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SCREENING FUNGI
BIOLOGICAL
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9-22-11
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MYCOTEXTILES – PRODUCT INFUSION
WHAT WE HAVE ACCOMPLISHED
Isolation of Pure Culture
Beta
Testing
Discovery Prototype Construction
Antimicrobial Testing
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Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)
Chicken of the WoodsLaetiporus sulphureus
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Average Time from Pre-discovery to FDA approved Drug12.75 Years
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WATER RESERVOIR
PATHOGEN RESERVOIR
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METABOLITE RESERVOIR
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SUSCEPTIBILITY TESTINGMINIMUM INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION (MIC)
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