Sophistication of Construction with ICT Precise Management ...
Transcript of Sophistication of Construction with ICT Precise Management ...
Ritsumeikan University
Kazuyoshi Tateyama
Japan-DK-seminar, CopenhagenSeptember 13, 2019
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Theme 4. i-Construction and new technology
Sophistication of Construction with ICTPrecise Management in ConstructionIntroduction of Construction Robots
Growth of infrastructures in Japan (white paper on Japanese construction)
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Systematizing designSettling criteriaCompleting manuals
Efficient system to construct structures with a level of quality within a short period
Excess dependence on the specified rules or manners
Construction of infrastructure in Japan which has pursued efficiency
Unavoidable excess input of labors, materials, etc.
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1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2020
Leve
l of c
onst
ruct
ion
(%)
railwaywaterworks
expressway
urban parklevee
sewerage
Cons
truct
ion
Cond
ition
sEn
viron
men
t
Time
Planning with margins
Real Conditions
Construction jobs generally have to include some unexpected factor.
Flexible change of the original plan corresponding to the real conditions
Optimization: Saving labors and materials, etc.
Precise management in construction sites
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Bad
Good
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DGPS
Site office
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Japan Coast Guard beacon station
GPS antenna
DGPS
Precise Management in Earthwork
Mining site
Hauling road
CCD camera
CCD camera
DGPS
Stockyard
CCD cameraCrusherLAN (optical cable)
Belt-conveyor
Ship loading
LAN (optical cable)
Soil hopperCrusher
Feedback to construction
Beacon receiver
Information for correcting location
Radio control terminal
Information on construction
Support systemfor engineers’
decision making
Monitors for CCD camerasDatabase for mining managementDatabase for machine operation
DGPSGPS satellite
Site office
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Example: Precise management in a large size earthwork
Effects of Precise Management in Earthwork
Conventionalmethod
PrecisionConstruction
(%)120100806040200
100126
(%)100
74Explosives
Fuel
Electricity
Production volume per day CO2 emission volume per cubic meter of production volumeConventional method : 100%
Increase of Productivity Reduction of Environmental Impact
120100806040200
Conventionalmethod
PrecisionConstruction
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Go together through Precise Management
Introduction of Construction Robots- Comparison with Factory Automation (FA) -
• Materials are soil and rocks and thus their properties are variable
• Outdoor working conditions are much affected by weather
• Machines must arrive at working objects in a huge field.
Construction
• Form and materials are clearly specified in design.
• Working environment is stable because of indoor jobs.
• Working objects come to robots by themselves on a conveyer.
Manufacturing
Construction robot should have a function to determine its own action flexibly according to the situation of each construction site. 6
Robots in Recovery from Natural Disaster
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Drain pipe inspection
Robots in Maintenance
Unmanned ConstructionChecking the bridge slabs
UAV
ConstructionMachines
ConstructionRobots
Awareness of position
Practical usePartially automatic machine
Manipulatorcontrol
Guidance Groupcontrol
Safety control
Estimation of objects
Practical usePartially automatic machine
Awareness of objects
Evolution of Construction Robots
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Construction Machines
Unmanned Construction
Advanced control function
Autonomous Robot
Judgement function
Gradual Evolution of Construction RobotsMachines evaluate conditions, environments
and determine the way of controlling machineMachines control itself automatically
Operators evaluate conditions, environments and determine the way of controlling machine
Operators control machines on vehicles9
Operators evaluate conditions, environments and determine the way of controlling machine
Operators control machines remotely from separated place
System consisting with plural different machines which do their jobs corroborating each other.Each machine can do its own jobs, while grasping the information on surrounding circumstance, the working object, the move of other machines and determining the optimum control way of itself.
Autonomous Construction Robot (Kajima Co. Ltd.)
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By Kajima Co. Ltd.
Achievement of Autonomous Construction Robots
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Next Generation Production System in Construction by Autonomous Machines
Development of A4CSEL System