SOP for Safe and Judicious Use of Pesticides Specific to ...

SOP for Safe and Judicious Use of

Pesticides Specific to Tricyclazole and

Buprofezin

Government of India

Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare

Directorate of Plant Protection, Quarantine & Storage

N.H.IV., Faridabad-121001 (May-2021)

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CONTENTS

Sl. No. Topic Page No.

1. Introduction 2

2. Background 2

3. Role and Responsibilities of Stakeholders 3

3.1 DAC&FW 3

3.2 State Department of Agriculture 3

3.3 ICAR/State Agriculture Universities/ Krishi Vigyan Kendra 4

3.4 APEDA 5

3.5 Export Inspection Council (EIC) 5

3.6 Central Integrated Pest Management Centre (CIPMC) 6

3.7 All India Rice Exporters Association(AIREA)/Exporters 6

3.8 Farmers 7

4. Pests occurrence with Paddy growth stages and recommended control measures

7

5. Use of Tricyclazole and Buprofezin in Agriculture 12

6. Strategies for safe and judicious use of pesticide 13

6.1 Implementation of IPM Practices (from seed to harvest) 13

6.1.1 Cultural practices 13

6.1.2 Mechanical practices 14

6.1.3 Biological practices 14

6.1.4 Weed management practices 14

6.1.5 Nematode management practices 15

6.2 Chemical control measures 15

7. Implementation of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) 15

8. Selection of correct pesticide based on field situation 15

9. Selection of alternate pesticides including combination pesticides 16

10. Awareness among pesticide dealers and farmers 16

11. Harmonizing the Package of Practices by all concerned stake holders specifically w.r.t. application/use of pesticide

16

12. Need of pesticide Residue Testing 17

13. Guidelines for safe use of pesticides 17

Annexure-I: List of Members of Sub-Committee 20

Annexure-II A: Disease-wise approved fungicides on rice 21

Annexure-II B: Pest-wise approved Insecticides on rice 29

Annexure-III: Economic Threshold Level (ETL) of major pests of rice crop stage-wise

40

Annexure-IV: Approved uses of Tricyclazole and its combinations as per Major Uses of Pesticides

41

Annexure-V: Approved uses of Buprofezin and its combinations as per Major Uses of Pesticides

42

Annexure-VI: Major parasites and predators of insect pests of rice 44

Glossary 46

References 47

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1. Introduction

Pesticides are essential agricultural inputs for protecting crop plants and

increasing agricultural production. The average pesticide consumption in India is

around 0.381 kg a.i./ha as compared to world average of 0.5 kg a.i./ha. Indiscriminate

use of pesticides poses risk to human health in the form of pesticide residues in food

produce and also hampers the export of agri-commodities. Therefore, there is need of

safe and judicious use of pesticides. Need based and judicious use of pesticides would

result in residue free produce and also improve and expand export potential of

agricultural produce.

2. Background

A Draft Notification (S.O.531(E) was published on 03.02.2020 proposing

prohibition of Tricyclazole and Buprofezin and inviting objections/suggestions from

all stakeholders. It was mentioned in draft notification that use of Tricyclazole and

Buprofezin involves health hazards to human beings, animals and the environment. A

large number of objections/ suggestions were received from Industry, Associations

and farmers etc. The objections/suggestions were examined by a sub-committee

constituted by Registration Committee (RC) under the Chairmanship of Dr. S.K.

Khurana, Consultant (Toxicology) CIB&RC, Faridabad.

The sub-committee observed that Buprofezin is approved in various Asian

Countries including China, Japan and other developed countries like U.S., Australia

and EU countries. Basmati Rice is grown and exported from Pakistan also where both

the molecules are registered. Tricyclazole is registered in 14 Asian countries,

however, the current status in EU is “Not Approved” which is due to insufficient data

on safety. The sub-committee could not find any issue related to safety of these

molecules except for change in the value of MRL by European Union.

The issue was further deliberated in the DAC&FW whereupon it was decided

that due to non-availability of scientific data to revisit the usefulness, efficacy and

safety of the Tricyclazole and Buprofezin and before taking a final view on draft

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Notification, a SOP /Advisory may be developed on safe and judicious use of

pesticides specific to use of Tricyclazole and Buprofezin, which may be implemented

effectively so that issue of residue on crops may be addressed.

In view of the above, DAC&FW has directed DPPQS to constitute a sub-

committee for preparing a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) on safe and judicious

use of pesticides specific to use of Tricyclazole and Buprofezin and suggest course of

action for effective implementation of the said SOP to minimize the residues on the

recommended crops.

Accordingly, a sub-committee was constituted as per the details given in

Annexure-I under the chairmanship of Plant Protection Adviser, DPPQS, Faridabad.

Tricyclazole and Buprofezin are mainly used in rice crop and their

residue in exportable rice consignments is an issue of concern. Accordingly, this

SOP has been targeted to minimize pesticide residue in rice crop.

3. Roles and Responsibilities of stakeholders

3.1 Department of Agriculture, Cooperation & Farmers Welfare (DAC&FW)

1. To coordinate and monitor with all stake holders for the effective implementation of

this SOP.

2. To advise and assist concerned authorities on the availability of the quality pesticides

and bio-pesticides.

3. To provide guidance to all stakeholders on safe and judicious use of pesticides as and

when required.

3.2 State Department of Agriculture

1. To create awareness among the farmers regarding implementation of IPM and safe

and judicious use of pesticides through extension functionaries of the state.

2. To organize training/demonstration for the farmers on production of residue free

crops.

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3. Promotion of line transplanting with maintaining the gaps after 2 to 3 meters and

green manuring.

4. To monitor occurrence of pests and diseases in the state.

5. To advise appropriate plant protection measures for control of pests and diseases

ensuring non-use of Tricyclazole and Buprofezin in Basmati rice.

6. To maintain and monitor the records on the management practices of the crop from

sowing to harvesting.

7. To ensure availability of certified seeds and IPM/GAP inputs (eg.

light/sticky/pheromone traps, tricho cards, bio-pesticides, etc.) to the farmers.

8. To ensure registration of farmers under Basmati.net for receiving latest information

and traceability.

9. To prepare and distribute crop wise package of practices in local languages for the

benefit of the farmers.

10. To monitor the pesticide dealers for the sale of approved pesticides and to ensure that

all the pesticides are being sold with label and leaflets.

11. To ensure the display of crop wise recommended pesticides by the pesticide dealers to

avoid the usages of non-label claim pesticides by the farmers.

12. To ensure that banned pesticides are not in circulation.

3.3 ICAR/State Agriculture Universities/ Krishi Vigyan Kendra

1. To create awareness among the farmers regarding implementation of IPM and safe

and judicious use of pesticides.

2. To organize training/demonstration for the state extension workers and farmers on

production of residue free crops.

3. To monitor occurrence of pests and diseases in the fields.

4. To advise appropriate plant protection measures for control of pests and diseases as

per the approved label claims.

5. To assist State Department of Agriculture for harmonizing the package of practice

w.r.t. application/safe and judicious use of pesticide.

6. Preparation of literature on identification & management of pests and diseases and

also on importance of natural enemies.

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7. Issue advisories to the extension functionaries and farmers.

8. As a long term measure, ICAR/SAU may lay emphasis on developing rice varieties

resistant to blast disease.

3.4 Agricultural & Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA)

1. To create awareness among all stakeholders.

2. Organization of workshops for all stakeholders with coordination of respective State

Agriculture Department and SAUs.

3. Facilitate exporters for pesticide residue testing at Basmati Export Development

Foundation (BEDF) lab.

4. To coordinate between all rice growing states and SAUs including Basmati.

5. To encourage the State Department of Agriculture for implementing the registration

of farmers under Basmati.net for facilitating dissemination of information to all

stakeholders.

6. To liaise with State Governments and All India Rice Exporters Association (AIREA)

for registration of farmers/ farms intended to export rice.

7. To support capacity building programmes for exporters, farmers and other stake

holders towards production of residue free crop.

8. To promote/encourage establishment/recognition of pesticide testing laboratories in

the main rice growing areas.

9. To assist/support the researchers for development of modules/ technology to resolve

the concern issues.

3.5 Export Inspection Council (EIC)

The Export Inspection Council (EIC) is the official export –certification body of India

which ensures quality and safety of products exported from India. EIC was set up by the

Government of India under Section 3 of the Export (Quality Control and Inspection) Act,

1963 to ensure sound development of export trade of India through quality control and

inspection and matters connected therewith. The role of EIC is to ensure that products

notified under the Export (Quality Control and Inspection) Act 1963 are meeting the

requirements of the importing countries in respect of their quality and safety.

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“Basmati Rice is a notified commodity and subject to quality control and inspection

prior to export in accordance with Export of Basmati Rice (Quality Control and Inspection)

Rules, 2003”. Recently Department of Commerce has entrusted EIC to carry out Quality

control for Non-basmati rice exports to EU.

1. To ensures residue free export through pre-shipment testing.

2. To create awareness among the exporters regarding country specific maximum

residue limits (MRLs) of pesticides.

3. To ensure that products intended for export are meeting the requirements of the

importing countries in respect of their quality and safety.

3.6 Central Integrated Pest Management Centre (CIPMC)

1. To create awareness among the farmers regarding implementation of IPM, safe and

judicious use of pesticides through organizing Farmers Field Schools (FFS).

2. To organize training/demonstration for the state extension functionaries and farmers

on production of residue free crops.

3. To monitor occurrence of pests and diseases in the fields.

4. To advise appropriate plant protection measures for control of pests and diseases as

per the approved label claims.

5. To organize trainings on production of bio-pesticides at village/ district level by the

farmers/ FPOs etc.

3.7 All India Rice Exporters Association (AIREA)/ Exporters

1. AIREA should create awareness among rice exporters regarding residue free export.

2. AIREA may coordinate to conduct the training programs on safe and judicious use of

pesticides with farmers in conjunction with other agencies like Basmati Export

Development Foundation (BEDF), State Department of Agriculture, SAUs/KVKs and

CIPMCs etc.

3. Exporters may be encouraged to procure the rice for export from the farmers

registered under Basmati.net

4. To provide technical support to the registered farmers so as to ensure pest and residue

free produce for export.

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5. Exporters may employ agriculture graduates for extension services with the guidance

of KVK / SAU/ BEDF to train farmers for judicious use of pesticides and fertilizers.

6. Rice producers, traders and exporters may give enough time for rice ageing (1-2

years) and export of such rice to ensure sufficient degradation of the pesticides

including Tricyclazole residue during storage.

7. The encouragement to the progressive farmers in terms of bonus for residue free

production.

3.8 Farmers

1. To approach State Department of Agriculture for registration of their farms under

Basmati.net

2. To maintain status of pests and diseases in the registered farms on fortnightly basis

along with the record of the control measures/ plant protection measures undertaken

from sowing to harvesting.

3. To follow the advice from State Department of Agriculture, SAUs/KVKs, CIPMCs

or technical support from exporter on pest management practices, approved pesticides

along with waiting period etc.

4. To adopt integrated pest management practices and use only recommended pesticides

when necessary.

5. Farmers should purchase the pesticides from Licensed Pesticide dealers after the

advice from extension functionaries and insist for cash memo with details of batch

No. of the pesticide.

4. Pests occurrence with Paddy growth stages and recommended

control measures

Pest IPM practices

Nursery stage

Gall midge Ploughing under the ratoon of previous crops can reduce infestation.

Control of grassy weeds and wild rice (alternate hosts) from

surrounding areas can reduce gall midge incidence.

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Draining of rice fields for 5-7 days reduces midge populations.

Planting of early and using early maturing varieties may help to avoid

high infestations.

Use moderate amounts of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers and adopt

split applications to reduce population growth rates.

Avoiding staggered planting (complete planting in an area within 3

weeks) to reduce infestation.

Use of recommended pesticide if needed, as per the details given in

Annexure-II.

Stem Borer Clipping the tips of seedlings before transplanting greatly reduces the

carryover of eggs from the seedbed to the transplanted fields

Rice varieties with short stature and shorter growth duration periods

suffer less damage than long growth duration varieties.

Community-wide destruction of diapausing larvae (in stubble) through

tillage after harvest, followed by flooding, reduces stem borer

populations resulting in low incidence in the next crop.

Blast Use certified seed and follow seed treatment.

Bacterial leaf

blight (BLB)

Use certified seed and follow seed treatment. Avoid early transplanting.

Avoid excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizer. Avoid passage of water

from diseased to healthy field and select resistant varieties for sowing.


Annexure-II.

Vegetative stage

Stem borer Mass trapping of male moth by installing pheromone traps @20

traps/ha at 10 days after transplanting (Lures should be replaced 3

times after 20 days interval).

Augmentative release of eggs parasitoid Trichogramma

japonicum@50,000-100,000/ha/week for 5-6 times starting from 30

days after transplanting.


Annexure-II.

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Leaf folder Early planting may help to avoid greater degrees of leaf damage.

Wider spacing (22.5 x 20 cm and 30 x 20 cm) and low usage of

nitrogenous fertilizers decreases leaf damage.

Highly fertilized plots seem to attract females for oviposition.

Therefore, it is advisable to avoid over-fertilization.

Higher damages will occur in shaded areas. Therefore, remove the

causes of shading within the field.

Use of rope for dislodging the larvae of leaf folder before panicle

initiation stage


Annexure-II.

Brown Plant

Hopper

(BPH) and

White

Backed Plant

Hopper

(WBPH)

High dosages of nitrogenous fertilizers close spacing, and high relative

humidity increases plant hopper populations.

Balanced use of fertilizer by splitting nitrogen applications can also

reduce chances of plant hopper outbreaks.

Draining rice fields can be effective in reducing initial infestation

levels. The field should be drained for 3 - 4 days when heavy

infestations occur.

Synchronous planting (planting neighboring fields within 3 weeks) and

maintaining a rice-free period may be effective.


Annexure-II.

Gall midge Control of grassy weeds and wild rice (alternate hosts) from

surrounding area can reduce gall midge incidence.

Draining of rice fields for 5-7 days affects midge populations.

Planting of early and using early maturing varieties may help to avoid

high infestations.

Use moderate amounts of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers and adopt

split applications to reduce population growth rates.


Annexure-II.

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Hispa Clipping and destruction of the top three-fourths of the leaves of highly

infested crops with eggs and grubs at the early vegetative stage can

suppress populations.

Regular collection of adults by sweep net and destruction suppresses

population and reduces damage.

The removal of rice ratoons and volunteer rice during the crop-free

season affects the rice hispa’s survival and multiplication of over-

wintering populations.


Annexure-II.

Caseworm Rice fields with wider hill spacing (30 x 20 cm) usually suffer less

damage from caseworm.

Draining of fields for 5-7 days’ kills caseworm larvae.

Nitrogen fertilizer use at optimal dosages and split applications reduce

the rice caseworm’s population.

Foot rot and

Bakane

Clean seeds should be used to minimize the occurrence of the diseases.

Salt water can be used to separate light weight, infected seeds from seed

lots and thereby reduce seed borne inoculums.

Seed treatment using recommended fungicides or bio fungicide

(Annexure-II).

Diseased plants should be uprooted and burnt.

Blast In case of Basmati, sowing should be completed in the first fortnight of

July.

Avoid excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizers as it increases the intensity

of the disease.

Destruction of collateral host around the field

Proper moisture should be maintained during flowering period.


Annexure-II.

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Bacterial leaf

blight

Follow the management practices given above for BLB.


Annexure-II.

Sheath blight For management keep the bunds weed free. Avoid excessive use of

nitrogenous fertilizers.


Annexure-II.

Panicle initiation to booting

Stem borer,

Leaf folder,

BPH/WBPH

As mentioned above

Blast Follow the management practices given above for blast


Annexure-II.

Bacterial leaf

blight

Reduce nitrogen application and apply if needed only small dose of N in

more split doses.


Annexure-II.

Sheath blight Follow the management practices given above for sheath blight.


Annexure-II.

Flowering

BPH/WBPH As mentioned above

Blast Use of recommended pesticide if needed, as per the details given in

Annexure-II.

Use alternate of Tricyclazole at this stage.

False smut Select disease free seed for sowing.

Avoid excessive dose of nitrogen fertilizer and its late application.

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Annexure-II.

Sheath blight Follow the management practices given above for sheath blight.


Annexure-II.

Brown leaf

spot

As disease is seed borne, Use disease free seeds.

Removal of alternate & collateral hosts.

Growing resistant varieties

Providing proper nutrition for optimum plant growth and prevention of

water stress seem to be the most important factors in controlling brown

spot.


Annexure-II.

Economic Threshold Level (ETL) of major pests of Rice: The use of chemical pesticide

must be avoided until the pest/disease is above ETL. The ETL of major pests of rice crop is

given in Annexure-III.

5. Use of Tricyclazole and Buprofezin in Agriculture

Tricyclazole fungicide is cost effective and widely used in several rice growing countries

including India for control of rice blast (Pyricularia oryzea). It has been observed that

sometimes farmers use this fungicide very late (after the grain formation stage) in the rice

crop. It leads to the residues of pesticide beyond the permissible Maximum Residue Limit

(MRL) in the grains after harvesting of the crop. The harvesting of early varieties of Basmati

and non-Basmati crops starts in late September and early October, respectively. The farmers

are required to stop spraying this pesticide at least 40 days before the harvesting to

avoid its residue. Approved uses of Tricyclazole is given at Annexure-IV.

Buprofezin is an Insect Growth Regulator (IGR) registered for the control of pests of rice,

cotton, and other crops/edible commodities in India and several other countries. Buprofezin

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acts by inhibiting chitin synthesis, suppressing oviposition of adults, and reducing egg-laying,

egg hatching, and inhibits insect growth & development during larval moulting, and

suppresses the population density of hoppers even in the progeny of the treated generation in

the paddy field. Approved uses of Buprofezin are given at Annexure-V.

6. Strategies for safe and judicious use of pesticide

6.1 Implementation of IPM Practices (from seed to harvest)

6.1.1 Cultural practices

Pre-Sowing

1. Field selection

2. Soil testing

3. Deep summer ploughing

4. Destruction of crop residues, weeds and trimming of bunds

5. Seed-bed preparation

6. Selection of healthy, resistant/tolerant, short duration and high yielding variety seeds

7. Seed/Seedling treatment: Brine solution (15%) by mixing 1.5 kg salt (NaCl) in 10

litres of water for soaking and treatment of seeds. Seed treatment (for diseases) with

Carbendazim 50% WP @ 2 g/kg seed or Trichoderma/Pseudomonas @ 5-10 g/kg of

seed and seedling treatment for seed or soil borne diseases.

8. Timely and synchronous sowing/transplanting operation.

9. Raising of healthy nursery.

10. Optimum plant spacing (20cm x 10cm with 2-3 seedlings per hill)

11. In BPH prone area follow skip row method of transplantation.

12. Leave 40 centimeter space after each 10 rows.

Post sowing

1. Balanced use of fertilizers

2. Proper water management

3. Timely weed control

4. Pest scouting/monitoring

5. Harvest close to ground level

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6.1.2 Mechanical practices

1. Collection and destruction of eggs, egg masses, larvae and pupae of insect pests. Stem

borer egg masses to be placed in the bamboo cage-cum-percher for trapping the

young un-parasitized caterpillars and for encouraging egg parasites.

2. Mass trapping of pest adults through light/Sex pheromone traps

3. Removal and destruction of leaf portion infested with insect pest/diseases.

4. Use of rope for dislodging leaf feeders (Larvae of leaf folders, caseworm etc).

6.1.3 Biological practices

1. Conservation of egg, larval, nymphal and pupal parasites and predators in the

field.

2. Release of laboratory/commercially produced parasites and predators.

3. Transfer of natural enemies of pests from high population fields to infested fields.

4. Pest-defender ratio of (2:1) may be useful to avoid application of pesticides.

5. List of parasite and predators is available at Annexure-VI.

6.1.4 Weeds management practices

1. Apply cyhalofop-butyl 10% EC @ 0.75-0.80 l/ha @ 18-20 days after sowing in

grassy weeds in direct seeded rice followed by one hand weeding given after 4-6

weeks.

2. Apply butachlor 50% EC @ 2.5-4 l/ha or pretilachlor 50% EC @ 1.0-1.5 l/ha or

oxadiargyl 80% WP @ 0.125 kg/ha or chlorimuron ethyl 25% WP @ 24 g a.i./ha

or metsufluron methyl 20% WG @ 20 gm/l or anilophos 2% G @ 20-25 kg/ha or

ethoxysulfuron 15% WDG @ 83.3-100 g/ha or Cinmethylin 10% EC @ 0.75-1.0

l/ha as pre-emergence within 4-6 days after transplanting.

3. Apply metsulfuron methyl 10% + chlorimuron ethyl 10% WP @ 20 g/ha or

anilophos 24% + 2, 4-D- ethyl ester 32% EC @ 1-1.5 l/ha at 3-10 days after

transplanting.

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6.1.5 Nematode management practices

A. White tip nematode (Aphalenchoides besseyi)

1. Sun drying of seeds for 6 hours for 4 days.

2. Pre-sowing of nursery bed treatment with carbofuran 3% CG @ 50000 g/ha, if

nematode population is above ETL.

B. Root knot nematode (Meloidogyne graminicola)

1. Rotation with the crops like sweet potato, sunflower, cowpea, sesamum and onion.

2. Soil application of carbofuran 3% CG @ 50000 g/ha, if nematode population is

above ETL.

6.2 Chemical control measures

Need based, judicious and safe application of pesticides are the most vital segments of

chemical control measures under the ambit of IPM. It involves developing IPM skills to play

safe with environment by proper crop health monitoring, observing ETL and conserving

natural bio-control potential before deciding in favour of use of chemical pesticides as a last

resort. The pesticides recommended for control of insect pests and diseases are given in the

Annexure II.

7. Implementation of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP)

All stakeholders specifically the extension functionaries have to ensure implementation of

GAP with special reference to cultivation of rice including IPM, integrated crop management,

awareness among farmers on safe use of Tricyclazole and Buprofezin and alternatives.

8. Selection of correct pesticide based on field situation

Before application of any pesticide, ensure that the damage to the crop is done by insect-

pests, diseases or by other abiotic factors. Damage can also be the result of other factors such

as incorrect irrigation, nutrient deficiency, poor drainage, herbicide toxicity or physical

disorder. Identify the pest and its level of infestation to select the correct control measures.

Integrated pest management practices should be used to keep the pest population below

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Economic Threshold Level (ETL). Use of pesticide should be recommended only if the pest

population is above ETL. It should be ensured that only recommended/ label claim pesticides

are used in rice in correct dose and time. Farmers must be encouraged to take expert advice

for selection of recommended pesticide.

9. Selection of alternate pesticides including combination pesticides

The farmers may be advised to use pesticides available as an alternate to Tricyclazole and

Buprofezin specifically in the later stage of rice cultivation. The details of all approved

pesticides including combination products on rice crop against various pests and diseases are

given at Annexure -II.

10. Awareness among pesticide dealers and farmers

The pesticide dealers play major role in judicious use of pesticides by the farmers, as the

farmers at times receive guidance from pesticide dealers. Therefore, the pesticide dealers and

farmers may be advised to use pesticides as per label claim (recommended dose/dilutions,

crop stage, spray intervals, maximum no. of sprays and waiting period/Pre Harvest

Interval).The recommended waiting period/pre harvest interval as mentioned in pesticide

label/leaflets should be strictly followed to minimize the pesticide residue.

11. Harmonizing the Package of Practices by all concerned stake holders

specifically w.r.t. application/use of pesticides

Rice is cultivated across various agro-climatic zones/states in India. As a result, various State

Govt./SAUs have developed their own Package of Practices for rice in their states. This has

been observed that different pesticides are recommended by different authorities depending

upon major pests and diseases in their area. However, it is important to ensure that the

pesticides recommended must have been approved by CIB&RC. The Package of Practices

should have recommended pesticides, their dose/dilutions, crop stage, spray intervals and Pre

Harvest Interval (waiting period). Hence, there is a need to use harmonized package of

practice by all concerned stakeholders.

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12. Need of Pesticide Residue Testing

Worldwide, people are exposed to pesticide residues through food intake. With a view to safe

guard the consumer from such residues, pesticide maximum residues in food are approved as

legal Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) by the Codex Alimentarius Commission (Codex).

Besides, a country can have their own MRL w.r.t. different food commodities, if technically

justified. The pesticide residue is a matter of concern and important factor affecting export of

agri commodities including rice. Various countries have identified pesticides to be tested for

their residues and consignments having pesticide residue within the MRL are permitted for

import. The residue testing for specified pesticides w.r.t. different countries are mandatory

requirement for export. There is a need to strengthen the awareness among the farmers to

grow residue free crop and also a mechanism wherein the exporters can get the rice tested for

residues just before or immediately after harvest. Such mechanism will be beneficial for both,

the farmers (for better remuneration) and exporters (assurance for residue free consignment).

Paddy samples from different mandies/ areas may be collected for residue testing to identify

the use trend of pesticides/ residue in respective areas. This database can be used to procure

the paddy for export from safe/ low risk areas by the exporters. It will also be helpful for

planning of area specific strategies.

13. Guidelines for safe use of pesticides

There is a need to train all stakeholders such as farmers, traders, field workers for strictly

adhering to the label claim of pesticides and to educate them for safe and judicious use of

pesticides. The issue of spurious pesticides also needs to be looked into so that unwanted

chemicals do not enter rice fields.In order that the residues remain within the permissible

level, farmers must be educated and trained to adopt GAP (Good Agriculture Practices) and

use right dose, at the right time using right equipment and give enough time (PHI) allowing

pesticide to dissipate by the time of harvest.

While purchasing

1. Purchase pesticides only from registered pesticide dealers having valid License.

2. Purchase only required quantity of pesticides for single operation in a specified area.

3. See approved labels on the containers/packets of pesticides.

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4. See Batch No., Registration Number, Date of Manufacture/Expiry on the labels.

5. Purchase pesticides well packed in containers.

6. Do not purchase pesticide in bulk for whole season.

7. Never purchase expired pesticide.

8. Do not purchase pesticides whose containers are leaking/loose/ unsealed.

Storage

1. Avoid storage of pesticides in the house premises and store under lock and key.

2. Keep only in original container with intact seal.

3. Do not transfer pesticides to other container.

4. Never keep them together with food or feed/fodder.

5. Keep away from the reach of children and livestock.

6. Do not expose to sun-light or rain water.

Handling

1. Never carry/transport pesticides along with food materials. Keep pesticides separate

during transportation.

2. Avoid carrying bulk - pesticides (dusts / granules) on head, shoulders or on the back.

3. Bulk pesticides should be carried carefully to the site of application.

Precautions for Preparing Spray Solution

1. Always use clean water.

2. Use protective clothing viz., hand gloves, face masks, cap, apron, full trouser, shoes

etc. to cover whole body.

3. Always protect your nose, eyes, ears, hands, etc. from spill of spray solution.

4. Read instructions on pesticide container label carefully before use and follow the

instructions.

5. Prepare the solution as per requirement.

6. Granular pesticides should be used as such.

7. Avoid spilling of pesticides solutions while filling the spray tank.

8. Always use recommended dosage of pesticide.

9. Do not allow the pesticide/its solution to fall on any body parts.

10. Do not smell the spray tank.

11. Do not use overdose which may affect plant health and environment.

12. Do not eat, drink, smoke or chew during whole operation of pesticides.

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Selection of equipment

1. Select right kind of equipment.

2. Select right sized nozzles.

3. Use separate sprayer for insecticides and weedicides.

4. Do not use leaky or defective equipment.

5. Do not blow/clean clogged nozzles with mouth. Instead use tooth brush tied with

sprayer.

Precautions for applying pesticides

1. Never apply over-dose and high concentrations than recommended.

2. Spray operation should not be conducted on hot sunny days or strong windy

condition.

3. Spray operation should be conducted in the wind direction.

4. After spray operation, sprayer and buckets should be washed with clean water using

detergent/soap.

5. Avoid the entry of animals/workers in the field immediately after spray.

6. Do not spray just before rains and immediately after the rains.

7. Emulsifiable concentrate (EC) formulations should not be used for spraying with

battery operated ULV sprayer.

8. Containers and buckets used for mixing pesticides should never be used for domestic

purpose even after thorough washing.

After Spray Operation

1. Left over spray solutions should be disposed of at safer place viz. barren isolated area.

2. Empty containers of pesticides should not be re-used and must be crushed and be

disposed off as per guidelines.

3. Wash hands and face with clean water and soap before eating/smoking.

4. On observing poisoning symptoms give the first aid and show the patient to doctor.

Also show the empty container to doctor.

5. Left over spray solution should not be drained in or near ponds or water lines etc.

*****

20 | P a g e

Annexure-I

List of Members of Sub-Committee to Prepare SOP for Safe and Judicious Use of

Pesticides Specific to Use of Tricyclazole and Buprofezin.

S.

No.

Name, Designation &

Organization

Role in Sub-

committee

Email & Contact Number

1. Dr. Ravi Prakash,

Plant Protection Adviser,

Directorate of Plant Protection

Quarantine & Storage

(DPPQ&S), Faridabad

Chairman [email protected]

98102 50206

2. Dr. Jasvir Singh,

Joint Director,

Regional Central Integrated

Pest Management Centre

(RCIPMC), Faridabad

Member-

Secretary

[email protected]

90135 71032

3. Sh. Sukhdev Singh,

Director,

Directorate of Agriculture &

Farmers Welfare, Near Dara

Studio, Phase-6, SAS Nagar

(Mohali), Punjab

Member [email protected]

98558 04444

4. Sh. R.P. Sihag,

Joint Director (PP),

Agriculture & Farmers

Welfare Department,

Panchkula, Haryana


94163 07523

5. Dr. N.A. Shakil,

Principal Scientist, Div. of

Agri-Chemicals, IARI,

New Delhi


98181 96164

6. Dr. D.D.K. Sharma,

Director (BEDF),

APEDA, New Delhi


9999769677

7. Mrs. Vinita Sudhanshu, DGM

APEDA, New Delhi


9167887633

8. Sh. Kiran W. Deshkar

Dy Director (Ent.)

CIB&RC, DPPQS, Faridabad


99991 29820

9. Sh. Vijay Setia

All India Rice Exporters

Association, New Delhi


8295977665

10. Sh. Anoop A. Krishnan,

Assistant Director (Technical)

Export Inspection Council

Kochi


9920914669

mailto:[email protected]










21 | P a g e

Annexure-II A

Disease wise Approved Fungicides on Rice

S.

No.

Name of

disease/pathogen

Name of registered

fungicide

Dosage/ha

Waiting

period (in

days) a.i. (g) Formulation

(g/ml/%)

Dilution in

water (L)

1. Brown Leaf Spot

(Helminthosporium

oryzae)

Ediphenphos 50% EC 250-300 500-600 750-1000 21

Aureofungin 46.15% w/v

SP

0.005% 500 30

Propineb70%WP 1050to 1400 g 1500to2000 g 500 Litre/

hectare

-

Hexaconzole 4% + Zineb

68% WP

720-900 1000-1250 500 34

Captan 75% WP 750gm 1000gm 750 -

Carbendazim 5% GR 0.62kg 12.5 kg - -

Carbendazim 25%+

Mancozeb 50% WS

(7.5+15) to

(8.75+17.5)

30-35 0.1

-

Azoxystrobin 16.7% +

Tricyclazole 33.30% SC

83.5 + 166.5 500 500 24

2. Blast

(Magnaporthe

oryzae)

Carpropamid27.8%SC 0.03% 0.1% 300-500

depending

upon crop

stage

-

Aureofungin 46.15% w/v

SP

0.005% 500 30

Ediphenphos 50% EC 250-300 500-600 750-1000 21

Kasugamycin 3% SL 30-50 gm 1000-1500 ml 750-1000 30

Kitazin 48% EC 0.10% or100

gram in 100ltr. Of

water

0.20% or

200ml in

200lit.of

water

As required

depending

upon crop

stage and

plant

protection

equipment

used

15

Hexaconazole 5% EC 50gm 1000 m l 500 40

Kresoxim-methyl 44.3%

SC

250gm 500 ml 500 30

Mancozeb 75% WP 1.125-1.5 kg 1.5-2kg 750Ltr. -

Picoxystrobin 22.52%

w/w SC

150 600 500 12

Pyraclostrobin 100g/l CS 100 1000 500 18

Zineb 75% WP 1.125- 1.5KG 1.5-2KG 750-1000 Lt



83.5 + 166.5 500 500 24

22 | P a g e

Azoxystrobin 18.2% w/w

+ Difenoconazole 11.4%

w/w SC

0.03% or 0.3 g/l 0.1% or 1 ml

/ Litre water

500 31

Hexaconazole 5.00% +

Validamycin 2.50% SC

50+25 1000 500 22

Hexaconazole 4% +

Zineb 68% WP

720-900 1000-1250 500 34

Flubendiamide 7.5% +

Kresoxim-Methyl 37.5%

SC

50 + 250 667 500 30

Kasugamycin 5% +

copper oxychloride 45%

WP

350 700 375 26

Kresoxim-methyl 40% +

Hexaconazole 8% WG

Kresoxim-methyl

200 &

Hexaconazole -

40

500 500 22

Carbendazim 50%WP 125-250 gm 250-500gm 750 (wet

slurry

treatment)

Carbendazim 1.92% +

Mancozeb 10.08% GR

240+1260 12.5 Broadcasting 46

Carbendazim12%+

Mancozeb63%WP

563gm 750gm 750lt. 57

Carbendazim 25%+

Mancozeb 50% WS

(7.5+15) to

(8.75+17.5)

30-35 0.1

-

Hexaconazole 4% +

Carbendazim 16% SC

(30+120) 750 400 - 500 40

Iprodione25%+

Carbendazim25%WP

250gm 500gm 500lt. 30

Isoprothiolane 40% EC 300 750 500- 1000 60

Propiconazole 10.7%+

Tricyclazole 34.2% SE

262.5 to 393.75 500-700 500 46

Tebuconazole25.9%m/m

EC

0.1875 kg 0.750 lit 500 10

Tebuconazole25% WG 0.1875 750 500 10

Tricyclazole 18.0% w/w

+ Tebuconazole 14.4%

w/w SC

360 (200+160) 1000 ml/ha -- 44

Tricyclazole 45% +

Hexaconazole 10% WG

225+50 500 500 23


+ Azoxystrobin 6.8%

w/w SC

300 (225+75) 1000 500 10

Picoxystrobin 6.78% +

Tricyclazole 20.33

%w/w SC

300 1000 500 29

Tricyclazole 75% WP 225- 300 gm 300- 400gm 500 30

Tebuconazole 50% +

Trifloxystrobin 25% WG

100 + 50 200 375-500 21

23 | P a g e

3. Sheath Blight

(Rhizoctonia

solani)

Carbendazim 50%WP

Aerial phase

1gm/ kg seed 2 gm/ kg seed 1Lit./10 kg

seed

(wet

slurry

treatment)

125-250 gm 250-500gm 750 (wet

slurry

treatment)

Difenoconazole25% EC 0.0125%

or12.5g/100 L

water

0.05%or50

ml/100 L

water

500 25

Flusilazole 40% EC 120g a.i./ha 300ml/ha 500 24

Hexaconazole 5% EC 50gm 1000 ml 500 40

Hexaconazole 5 % SC 0.01% (10 g/100

L water )

0.2% or

(200ml/100

L water)

As required

depending on

size of tree

and plant

protection

equipment

used

40

Pencycuron 22.9% SC 150-187.5gm 600-750ml 500 69

Thifluzamide24%SC 90gm 375 gm 500 28

Validamycin3%L 60gm 2000gm 750 There

should be

no

residues

on grains

and straw

of paddy

14 days

before

harvest

Fluxapyroxad 62.5g/l

FS + Epoxiconazole 62.5

g/L EC

78.12-93.75 625-750 500 33

Kitazin 48% EC 0.10% or100

gram in 100ltr. Of

water

0.20% or

200ml in

200lit.of

water

As required

depending

upon crop

stage and

plant

protection

equipment

used

15

Iprodione 50% WP 1.125kg 2.25kg 750 35

Propiconazole 25% EC 125gm 500gm 750 30

Tebuconazole25.9%m/m

EC

0.1875 kg 0.750 lit 500 10

Azoxystrobin 18.2% w/w

+ Difenoconazole 11.4%

w/w SC

0.03% or 0.3 g/l 0.1% or 1 ml

/ Litre water

500 31

24 | P a g e

Azoxystrobin 7.1% +

Propiconazole 11.9%

w/w SE

37.5+62.5 500 500 43

Azoxystrobin 11% +

Tebuconazole 18.3%

w/w SC

82.5+137.25 750 800 -



83.5 + 166.5 500 500 24

Hexaconazole 5.00% +

Validamycin 2.50% SC

50+25 1000 500 22

Hexaconazole 75 % WG 50 66.7 500 30

Kresoxim-methyl 44.3%

SC

250gm 500 ml 500 30

Iprodione25%+

Carbendazim25%WP

250gm 500gm 500lt. 30

Hexaconazole 4% +

Zineb 68% WP

720-900 1000-1250 500 34

Hexaconazole 4% +

Carbendazim 16% SC

(30+120) 750 400 - 500 40


Hexaconazole 5% WG

Flubendiamide35

&

Hexaconazole50

1000 500 30


Kresoxim-Methyl 37.5%

SC

50 + 250 667 500 30

Kresoxim-methyl 40% +

Hexaconazole 8% WG

Kresoxim-methyl

200 &

Hexaconazole -

40

500 500 22


Propiconazole 11.7% SC

200 1000 500 24

Propiconazole 13.9% +

Difenoconazole 13.9%

EC

0.02% - 0.03% (0.07-0.1%)

0.7-1.0ml/L

500 46

Tebuconazole 50% +


100 + 50 200 375-500 21

Carbendazim 1.92% +

Mancozeb 10.08% GR

240+1260 12.5 Broadcasting 46

Propiconazole 10.7%+

Tricyclazole 34.2% SE

262.5 to 393.75 500-700 500 46

Carbendazim 25%+

Mancozeb 50% WS

(7.5+15) to

(8.75+17.5)

30-35 0.1

-


+ Azoxystrobin 6.8%

w/w SC

300 (225+75) 1000 500 10

Tricyclazole 45% +

Hexaconazole 10% WG

225+50 500 500 23



w/w SC

360 (200+160) 1000 ml/ha -- 44

25 | P a g e

Carbendazim 25 %+

Flusilazole 12.5% SE

300-360 800- 960 500 54

4. False Smut

(Ustilaginoidea

virens)

Copper Hydroxide

53.8% DF

525 1500 500 10

Copper Hydroxide 77%

WP

1000gm 2000gm 750

Fluopyram 17.7% w/w +

Tebuconazole 17.7%

w/w SC

Fluopyram110

+Tebconazole110

550 g/ha 500 22


+ Azoxystrobin 6.8%

w/w SC

300 (225+75) 1000 500 10



w/w SC

360 (200+160) 1000 ml/ha -- 44



200 1000 500 24

5. Dirty Panicle

(Curvularia sp.)

Hexaconzole 4% + Zineb

68% WP

720-900 1000-1250 500 34

Propiconazole 13.9% +

Difenoconazole 13.9%

EC

0.02% - 0.03% (0.07-0.1%)

0.7-1.0ml/L

500 46

Fluopyram 17.7% w/w +

Tebuconazole 17.7%

w/w SC

Fluopyram110

+Tebconazole110

550 g/ha 500 22

Tebuconazole 50% +


100 + 50 200 375-500 21


+ Azoxystrobin 6.8%

w/w SC

300 (225+75) 1000 500 10



w/w SC

360 (200+160) 1000 ml/ha -- 44



200 1000 500 24

6.

Bacterial Leaf

Blight

(Xanthomonas

oryzae )

Streptomycin Sulphate

90% + Tetracylin

Hydrocloride 10% SP

Copper Hydroxide

53.8% DF

525 1500 500 10

Source: CIB&RC

Note: Fungicides registered other than Tricyclazole and its combination may be considered as

alternatives against blast, false smut, sheath blight, brown spot and grain discoloration (Dirty

Panicle) diseases of rice.

26 | P a g e

Disease wise Approved Bio-Fungicides on Rice

S. No. Name of

disease/pathogens

Name of

registered bio-

fungicide

Dose/

Formulation

Dilution Waiting

period

(in days)

1. Brown Leaf Spot

(Helminthosporium

oryzae)

Trichoderma

viride 5.0%

Liquid

Formulation

(Accession no.

NAIMCC-F-

03034)

500 liter/ha Foliar spray -

Pseudomonas

fluorescens

1.5% WP (BIL-

331 Accession

No.

MTCC5866)

5 gm/kg of seed Seed Treatment: Make a thin paste

of required quantity of

Pseudomonas fluorescens 1.5% WP

with min. volume of water and coat

the seed uniformly, shades dry the

seeds just before showing.

2.5 kg /ha Soil Treatment: Mix 2.5 kg of


with 50 kg FYM or and broadcast

uniformly over hectare of land

30days after planting.

2. Blast

(Magnaporthe

oryzae)

Pseudomonas

fluorescens

0.5% WP

(TNAU Strain

Accession No.

ITCC BE 0005)

10 g/kg seed Seed Treatment: Mix the required

quantity of seeds with the required

quantity of Pseudomonas

fluorescens 0.5% WP.

-

1 kg/ha Soil Treatment: Broadcast1 kg of


by mixing with 2.5 kg organic

manure in one ha area.

1 kg/ha Foliar spray: Spray 0.5% WP @ 1

kg/ha.

Pseudomonas

fluorescens

1.5% WP (BIL-

331 Accession

No.

MTCC5866)





the seed uniformly, shades dry the







Pseudomonas

fluorescens1.5

% LF (MTCC

no. 5671, Strain

4.5 ml per kg

seed

Seed Treatment: Mix the required

quantity of seeds with the required

of Pseudomonas fluorescens 1.5%

Liquid formulation ensure uniform

27 | P a g e

designation Pf-

1)

coating, shade dry and sow.

6.0 litre per ha Foliar spray: Spray Pseudomonas

fluorescens 1.5% Liquid formulation

uniformly on the crop.

3. Sheath Blight

(Rhizoctonia solani)

Trichoderma

viride 1.0% WP

(Strain T-14 in

house isolate of

M/s Indore

Biotech Inputs

& Research (P)

Ltd., Indore)

5-10 gm/litre of

water

Foliar spray: Mix 2.5 kg of

Trichoderma viride 1.0% WP in 500

litres of water. Spray three times at

15 days interval uniformly over one

hectare land 30 days after planting

-

4. Bacterial Leaf Blight

(Xanthomonas

oryzae )

Pseudomonas

fluorescens

2.0% AS

(Strain No.

IPL/PS-01,

Accession No.

MTCC 5727)

10 ml/litre of

water

Seedling Root Dip Treatment: Mix 10 ml of Pseudomonas

fluorescens 2.0% AS in one litre of

water and dip the paddy seedling

root for 30 minutes before

transplanting followed by foliar

application after 40- 45 days of

transplantation

-

1.87-2.50

litre/ha

Foliar Spray: Suspend 1.87 to 2.50

litre of Pseudomonas

fluorescens2.0% AS in 500 litre of

water and spray uniformly after 40-

45 days of transplantation over one

hectare land. 2-3 spray are required

depending upon the disease

incidence at interval of 10-12 days

using a hand operated Knapsack

sprayer or power sprayer fitted with

a hollow cone nozzle.

Pseudomonas

fluorescens

1.5% WP (BIL-

331 Accession

No.

MTCC5866)



Pseudomonas fluorescens1.5% WP


the seed uniformly; shades dry the







Bacillus subtilis

2.0% AS

(Strain No.

IPL/BS-09,

Accession No.

MTCC 5728)

10 ml/litre of

water

Seedling Root Dip Treatment: mix

10ml of Bacillus subtilis 2.0% AS in

one litre of water and dip the paddy

seedling root for 30 minutes before

transplanting followed by foliar

application.

28 | P a g e

1.87-2.50

litre/ha

Foliar Spray: Suspend 1.87 to 2.50

litre of Bacillus subtilis 2.0% AS in

500 litre of water and spray

uniformly after 40-45 days of

transplantation over one hectare land

2-3 spray are required depending

upon the disease incidence at

interval of 10-12 days using a hand

operated Knapsack sprayer or power

sprayer fitted with a hollow cone

nozzle.

5. Bakane /Foot rot

(Fusarium

moniliforme)

Trichoderma

harzianum

2.0% AS

(Strain No.

IPL/VT/102,

Accession No.

ITCC 6893)

30 ml/litre of

water

Seedling Root Dip Treatment: Mix

30 ml of Trichoderma harzianum

2.0% AS in one litre of water and

dip the paddy seedling root for 30

minutes before transplanting

followed by Soil treatment

2.5 litre/ha Soil Treatment: Mix 2.5 litre of

Trichoderma harzianum2.0% AS

with 100 kg of properly decomposed

FYM and broadcast uniformly over

a hectare of land prior to

transplanting. Source: CIB&RC

29 | P a g e

Annexure-II B

Pest wise Approved Insecticides on Rice

Sr.

No.

Name of

pest

Name of insecticide

registered

Dose Dilution

(Litres)

Waiting

Period (in

days) a.i.(g) Formulatio

n (g/ml)/ha

01 Stem borer Acephate 75% SP 500.0-750.0 666 - 1000 300-500 15

Acephate 97% DF 727.5 750 500 21

Acephate 95% SG 562.5 592 500 30

Benfuracarb 3% GR 1000 33000 - 20

Bifenthrin 8.8% CS 44 500 500 21

Bifenthrin 10% EC 50 500 500 21

Carbofuran 3% CG 750 25000 - -

Carbosulfan 6% GR 1000 16700 - 37

Carbosulfan 25% EC 200 – 250 800 – 1000 500 – 1000 14

Cartap hydrochloride

4% GR

750 18750 - -


50% SP

500 1000 500 - 1000 -


75% SG

318.75 - 375 425 - 500 250 - 500 35 - 89

Chlorantraniliprole

18.5% SC

30 150 500 47

Chlorantraniliprole

0.4% GR

40 10000 - 53

Chlorpyrifos 10% GR 1000 10000 - 30

Chlorpyriphos 75%

WG

375 - 400 500 - 533 500 - 1000 15

Chlorpyrifos 20% EC 250 1250 500 - 1000 -

Chlorpyrifos 50% EC 375 - 400 750 - 800 500 - 1000 15

Chlorpyrifos 1.5% DP 375 25000 - 07

Chromafenozide 80%

WP

75 - 100 94 - 125 500 32

Deltamethrin 11% EC 15 150 500 13

Deltamethrin 1.8% EC 10 – 12.5 625 - 780 500 07

Ethofenoprox 10% EC 50 - 75 500 - 750 500 15

Fenpropathrin 30% EC 100 333 500 30

Fipronil 5% SC 50 - 75 1000 - 1500 500 32

Fipronil 0.3% GR 50 - 75 16670 -

25000

- 32

Fipronil 0.6% GR 60 10 65 -

Fipronil 80% WG 40 - 50 50 – 62.50 375 - 500 19

Flubendiamide 20%

WG

25 125 500 30

30 | P a g e

Flubendiamide 39.35%

SC

24 50 375 - 500 40

Flubendiamide 0.7%

GR

85 - 100 12.14 –

14.28

- 25

Imidacloprid 0.3% GR 0.045 15.0 kg - 26

Lambda-cyhalothrin

4.9% CS

12.5 250 500 15

Lambda-cyhalothrin

2.5% EC

12.5 500 400 - 600 15

Lambda-cyhalothrin

5% EC

12.5 250 400 - 600 15

Monocrotophos 36%

SL

500 1250 500 - 1000 -

Quinalphos 25% Gel 250 1000 500 - 1000 -

Quinalphos 5% GR 250 5000 - -

Quinalphos 20% AF 250 - 300 1250 - 1500 750 - 1000 40

Quinalphos 25% EC 325 1300 500 - 1000 40

Thiacloprid 21.7% SC 120 500 500 30

Thiacyclam Hydrogen

Oxylate

500 1000 500 30

Thiamethoxam 25%

WG

25 100 500 - 750 14

Acephate 50% +

Imidacloprid 1.8% SP

518 1000 500 -

Acetamiprid 0.4% +

Chlorpyriphos 20% EC

10 + 500 2.5 500 - 800 10

Bifenthrin 3% +


24 + 240 –

30 + 300

800 – 1000 500 21

Bufrofezin 20% +

Acephate 50% WP

200 + 500 1000 500 20

Cartap Hydrochloride

50% + Buprofezin

10% WP

480 800 500 20


4% + Fipronil 0.5%

CG

675 - 900 15 - 20 - 27

Chlorpyriphos 50% +

Cypermethrin 5% EC

312 + 32 –

375 + 38

625 - 750 500 - 700 15

Flubendiamide 4% +

Buprofezin 20% SC

35 + 175 175 + 750 500 30


Hexaconazole 5% WG

35 + 50 1000 500 20


Kresoxim methyl

37.5% SC

50 + 250 667 500 30

Imidacloprid 6% + 18 + 12 300 500 10

31 | P a g e

Lambda-cyhalothrin

4% SL

Chlorantraniliprole

0.5% + Thiamethoxam

1% GR

30 + 60 6Kg/ha. - 60

02 Leaf folder Acephate 75% SP 500.0-750.0 666 - 1000 300-500 15

Acephate 97% DF 727.5 750 500 21

Acephate 95% SG 562.5 592 500 30

Benfuracarb 3% GR 1000 33000 - 20

Bifenthrin 8.8% CS 44 500 500 21

Bifenthrin 10% EC 50 500 500 21

Carbosulfan 6% GR 1000 16700 - 37


4% GR

750-1000 18750-

25000

- -


50% SP

500 1000 500 - 1000 -


75% SG

318.75 - 375 425 - 500 250 - 500 35 - 89

Chlorantraniliprole

18.5% SC

30 150 500 47

Chlorantraniliprole

0.4% GR

40 10000 - 53


Chlorpyrifos 20% EC 375 1875 500 - 1000 -

Chlorpyrifos 50% EC 375 - 400 750 - 800 500 - 1000 15


Chromafenozide 80%

WP

75 - 100 94 - 125 500 32

Deltamethrin 11% EC 15 – 18.75 150 – 187.5 500 13

Deltamethrin 1.8% EC 10 – 12.5 625 - 780 500 07

Emamectin

benzoate1.90% EC

8.08 425 500 48

Ethofenoprox 10% EC 50 - 75 500 - 750 500 15

Fenpropathrin 30% EC 100 333 500 30

Fipronil 0.6% GR 60 10 65 -

Fipronil 80% WG 40 - 50 50 – 62.50 375 - 500 19

Flubendiamide 20%

WG

25 125 500 30

Flubendiamide 39.35%

SC

24 50 375 - 500 40

Indoxacarb 15.8% EC 30 200 500 14

Lambda-cyhalothrin

4.9% CS

12.5 250 500 15

Lambda-cyhalothrin

2.5% EC

12.5 500 400 - 600 15

Lambda-cyhalothrin 12.5 250 400 - 600 15

32 | P a g e

5% EC

Monocrotophos 36%

SL

250 625 500 - 100 -

Quinalphos 25% Gel 250 1000 500 - 1000 -

Quinalphos 20% AF 250 - 300 1250 - 1500 750 - 1000 40

Quinalphos 25% EC 250 1000 500 - 1000 40

Thiocyclam hydrogen

Oxalate

500 1000 500 30

Thiamethoxam 25%

WG

25 100 500 - 750 14

Acephate 50% +


518 1000 500 -

Bifenthrin 3% +


24 + 240 –

30 + 300

800 – 1000 500 21

Bufrofezin 20% +

Acephate 50% WP

200 + 500 1000 500 20


50% + Buprofezin

10% WP

480 800 500 20


4% + Fipronil 0.5%

CG

675 - 900 15 - 20 - 27

Chlorpyriphos 50% +

Cypermethrin 5% EC

312 + 32 –

375 + 38

625 - 750 500 - 700 15

Deltamethrin 0.72% +

Buprofezin 5.65% EC

0.78 + 62.5 –

0.94 + 75

1250 + 1500 500 30

Flubendiamide 4% +

Buprofezin 20% SC

35 + 175 175 + 700 500 30


Hexaconazole 5% WG

35 + 50 1000 500 20


Kresoxim methyl

37.5% SC

50 + 250 667 500 30

Novaluron 5.25 +

Indoxacarb 4.5% SC

22.97 +

19.69

437.5 500 40

Chlorantraniliprole

0.5% + Thiamethoxam

1% GR

30 + 60 6Kg/ha. - 60

03 Plant

hoppers

Acephate 75% SP 500.0-750.0 666 - 1000 300-500 15

Acephate 97% DF 727.5 750 500 21

Imidacloprid 6% +

Lambda-cyhalothrin

4% SL

18 + 12 300 500 10

04 Green leaf

hoppers

Acephate 75% SP 500.0-750.0 666 - 1000 300-500 15

Acephate 97% DF 727.5 750 500 21

Bifenthrin 10% EC 50 500 500 21

33 | P a g e

Buprofezin 25% SC 200 800 400-500 05


Carbosulfan 6% GR 1000 16700 - 37

Carbosulfan 25% EC 200 – 250 800 – 1000 500 – 1000 14



Ethofenoprox 10% EC 50 - 75 500 - 750 500 15

Fenobucarb (BPMC)

50% EC

250 - 750 500 - 1500 500 30

Fipronil 5% SC 50 - 75 1000 - 1500 500 32

Fipronil 0.3% GR 50 - 75 16670 -

25000

- 32

Flonicamid 50% WG 75 150 500 36

Imidacloprid 17.8% SL 20 - 25 100 - 125 500 - 700 40

Lambda-cyhalothrin

2.5% EC

12.5 500 400 - 600 15

Lambda-cyhalothrin

5% EC

12.5 250 400 - 600 15

Monocrotophos 36%

SL

250 625 500 - 100 -

Quinalphos 20% AF 250-300 1250-1500 750-1000 40

Thiamethoxam 70%

WS

105 150 Seed

dresser at

the time of

sowing

Thiamethoxam 75%

SG

113 150 Dissolve in

500 ml

water and

mix with

20 Kg.

sand/ha.

60

Thiamethoxam 25%

WG

25 100 500 - 750 14

Thiamethoxam 25%

WG

(for nursery level – soil

drenching)

500 2000 250

ml/sq.mts.

86

Acephate 50% +


518 1000 500 -


50% + Buprofezin

10% WP

480 800 500

20

Fenobucarb 20% +

Buprofezin 5% SE

400 + 100 2000 500 30

Fipronil 4% +

Thiamethoxam 4% SC

44 + 44 1100 500 45

34 | P a g e

Chlorantraniliprole

0.5% + Thiamethoxam

1% GR

30 + 60 6Kg/ha. - 60

05 Brown

Plant

Hopper

(BPH)

Acephate 95% SG 562.5 592 500 30

Acetamiprid 20% SP 10 – 20 50 – 100 500 – 600 07

Benfuracarb 3% GR 1000 33000 - 20

Buprofezin 25% SC 200 800 400-500 20

Buprofezin 70% DF 175 250 500 24


Carbosulfan 25% EC 200 – 250 800 – 1000 500 – 1000 14


Clothianidin 50%

WDG

10 - 12 20 - 24 500 12

Dinotefuran 20% SG 30 - 40 150 - 200 500 21

Ethofenoprox 10% EC 50 - 75 500 - 750 500 15

Fenobucarb (BPMC)

50% EC

250 - 750 500 - 1500 500 30

Fipronil 5% SC 50 - 75 1000 - 1500 500 32

Fipronil 0.3% GR 50 - 75 16670 -

25000

- 32

Flonicamid 50% WG 75 150 500 36

Imidacloprid 70% WG 21 – 24.5 30 - 35 300 - 375 07

Imidacloprid 30.5%

SC

21 – 26.25 60 - 75 500 - 750 37

Imidacloprid 17.8% SL 20 - 25 100 - 125 500 - 700 40

Monocrotophos 36%

SL

500 1250 500 - 1000 -

Pymetrozine 50% WG 150 300 500 19

Quinalphos 25% Gel 250 1000 500 - 1000 -

Quinalphos 20% AF 250 - 300 1250 - 1500 750 - 1000 40

Quinalphos 25% EC 375 1500 500 - 1000 40

Quinalphos 1.5% DP 300 20000 - 40

Thiamethoxam 75%

SG

113 150 Dissolve in

500 ml

water and

mix with

20 Kg.

sand/ha.

60

Thiamethoxam 25%

WG

25 100 500 - 750 14

Acephate 50% +


518 1000 500 -

Acetamiprid 0.4% +


10 + 500 2.5 500 - 800 10

Buprofezin 9% +

Acephate 24% WP

54 + 144 600 500 20

35 | P a g e

Buprofezin 15% +

Acephate 35% WP

187.5 +

437.5

1250 500 20

Buprofezin 20% +

Acephate 50% WP

200 + 500 1000 500 20

Buprofezin 22% +

Fipronil 3% SC

110 + 15 500 400 - 500 32

Buprofezin 23.1% +

Fipronil 3.85% SC

173.25 +

28.88

750 500 30


50% + Buprofezin

10% WP

480 800 500 20

Deltamethrin 0.72% +

Buprofezin 5.65% EC

0.78 + 62.5 –

0.94 + 75

1250 + 1500 500 30

Ethiprol 40% +

Imidacloprid 40% WG

37.5 + 37.5 93.75 375 15

Fenobucarb 20% +

Buprofezin 5% SE

400 + 100 2000 500 30

Flubendiamide 4% +

Buprofezin 20% SC

35 + 175 175 + 750 500 30

Fipronil 4% +

Thiamethoxam 4% SC

44 + 44 1100 500 45

Chlorantraniliprole

0.5% + Thiamethoxam

1% GR

30 + 60 6Kg/ha. - 60

06 White

Backed

Plant

Hopper

(WBPH)

Buprofezin 25% SC 200 800 400-500 20

Carbosulfan 25% EC 200 – 250 800 – 1000 500 – 1000 14

Ethofenoprox 10% EC 50 - 75 500 - 750 500 15

Fipronil 5% SC 50 - 75 1000 - 1500 500 32

Fipronil 0.3% GR 50 - 75 16670 -

25000

- 32

Flonicamid 50% WG 75 150 500 36

Imidacloprid 70% WG 21 – 24.5 30 - 35 300 - 375 07

Imidacloprid 30.5%

SC

21 – 26.25 60 - 75 500 - 750 37

Imidacloprid 17.8% SL 20 - 25 100 - 125 500 - 700 40

Thiamethoxam 25%

WG

25 100 500 - 750 14

Acetamiprid 0.4% +


10 + 500 2.5 500 - 800 10

Bufrofezin 15% +

Acephate 35% WP

187.5 +

437.5

1250 500 20


50% + Buprofezin

10% WP

480 800 500 20

Ethiprol 40% +

Imidacloprid 40% WG

50 + 50 125 375 15

36 | P a g e

Fipronil 4% +

Thiamethoxam 4% SC

44 + 44 1100 500 45

07 Field Rat,

Large

Bandicota

Indian

house rat,

Indian

field mouse

Bromadiolone 0.25%

CB

0.005 - - -

Bromadiolone 0.005%

RB

0.005 - - -

08 Gall midge Carbofuran 3% CG 750 25000 - -

Carbosulfan 6% GR 1000 16700 - 37

Carbosulfan 25% EC 200 – 250 800 – 1000 500 – 1000 14


Chlorpyrifos 20% EC 250 1250 500 - 1000 -


Ethofenoprox 10% EC 50 - 75 500 - 750 500 15

Fipronil 5% SC 50 - 75 1000 - 1500 500 32

Fipronil 0.3% GR 50 - 75 16670 -

25000

- 32

Lambda-cyhalothrin

2.5% EC

12.5 500 400 - 600 15

Lambda-cyhalothrin

5% EC

12.5 250 400 - 600 15

Quinalphos 5% GR 250 5000 - -

Thiamethoxam 25%

WG

25 100 500 - 750 14

09 Hispa Carbofuran 3% CG 750 25000 - -

Chlorpyrifos 20% EC 250 1250 500 - 1000 -

Emamectin benzoate

1.90% EC

8.08 425 500 48

Lambda-cyhalothrin

2.5% EC

12.5 500 400 - 600 15

Lambda-cyhalothrin

5% EC

12.5 250 400 - 600 15

Malathion 5% DP 1250 25000 - -

Malathion 50% EC 575 1150 500 - 1000 -

Quinalphos 25% Gel 250 1000 500 - 1000 -

Quinalphos 25% EC 500 2000 500 - 1000 40

Imidacloprid 6% +

Lambda-cyhalothrin

4% SL

18 + 12 300 500 10

10 Whorl

maggot


4% GR

750-1000 18750-

25000

- -

Chlorpyrifos 20% EC 250 1250 500 - 1000 -


Ethofenoprox 10% EC 50 - 75 500 - 750 500 15

37 | P a g e

Fipronil 5% SC 50 - 75 1000 - 1500 500 32

Fipronil 0.3% GR 50 - 75 16670 -

25000

- 32

Thiamethoxam 25%

WG


drenching)

500 2000 250

ml/sq.mts.

86

11 Thrips Imidacloprid 48% FS 0.15 0.25 - -

Lambda-cyhalothrin

2.5% EC

12.5 500 400 - 600 15

Lambda-cyhalothrin

5% EC

12.5 250 400 - 600 15

Thiamethoxam 70%

WS

105 150 - Seed

dresser at

the time of

sowing

Thiamethoxam 25%

WG

25 100 500 - 750 14

Thiamethoxam 25%

WG


drenching)

500 2000 250

ml/sq.mts.

86

12 Nematode Carbofuran 3% CG 1500 50000 - -

13 Grasshopper Chlorpyrifos 1.5% DP 375 25000 - 07

14 Green

semilooper

Indoxacarb 15.8% EC 30 200 500 14

15 Blue leaf

hopper

Oxydemeton methyl

25% EC

125 500 500 - 1000 -

16 White leaf

hopper

Oxydemeton methyl

25% EC

250 1000 500 - 1000 -

17 Rice case

worm

Phenthoate 50% EC 500 1000 500 - 1000 -

18 Gundhi

bug

Imidacloprid 6% +

Lambda-cyhalothrin

4% SL

18 + 12 300 500 10

Source: CIB&RC

Note: Insecticides registered other than Buprofezin and its combination may be

considered as alternatives against Brown plant hopper, Green leaf hopper, White Back

Plant Hopper pests of rice.

38 | P a g e

Pest wise Approved Bio-pesticides on Rice

S.

No.

Name of

pest

Name of insecticide

registered

Dose Dilution

(lts/ha)

Waiting

Period (in

days) a.i.

(g)

Formulatio

n (g/ml) %

01 Stem

borer

Azadirachtin 0.15% EC

w/w Min. Neem Seed

Kernel Based

- 1500 - 2500 500 05


Min. Neem Oil Based

- 2000 1000 05

Azadirachtin 05.00%

w/w Min. Neem Extract

Concentrates

- 200 400 05

Bacillus thuringiensis

var. kurstaki, serotype H-

39, 3B, Strain Z-52

1.5 500 - 750 - -


var. kurstaki 2.5% AS

(Spicbio-BTK AS)

- 1.5 kg 500 - 750 -

02 Leaf

folder


w/w Min. Neem Seed

Kernel Based

- 1500 - 2500 500 05

Azadirachtin 05.00%


Concentrates

- 200 400 05


var. galleriae 1593 M

sero type H 59 5b, 1.3%

flowable concentrate

Potency 1500

IU/mg

- 1 - 3 1000 -


var. kurstaki, serotype H-

39, 3B, Strain Z-52

1.5 500 - 750 - -


var. kurstaki 2.5% AS

(Spicbio-BTK AS)

- 1.5 kg 500 - 750 -

Beauveria bassiana

01.15% WP

- 2.5kg/ha. 750 - 850 -

Beauveria bassiana

1.15% WP. (1x108 /gm

min) Strain BB-ICAR-

RJP, Accession No –

MCC 1022

- 2.5kg 750 - 850 -

Beauveria bassiana

1.15% WP (Strain : BB –

- 2.5kg 600 - 750 -

39 | P a g e

5372, own R & D

Isolate)

Beauveria bassiana

1.15% WP (1x108 /gm

min) Strain ICAR,

Research Complex,

Umiam, Meghalaya,

Accession No –

NAIMCC-F-03045

- 2.5kg 750 - 850 -

Beauveria bassiana

1.15% WP (1x108 /gm

min) Accession No –

NAIMCC-F-03045,

Strain No. NBAIM,

MAU.

- 2.5kg 750

03 BPH Azadirachtin 0.15% EC

w/w Min. Neem Seed

Kernel Based

- 1500 - 2500 500 05


Min. Neem Oil Based

- 2000 1000 05

Azadirachtin 05.00%


Concentrates

- 200 400 05

Metarhizium anisopliae

1.15% WP (1x108

CFU/gm min) Accession

No. MTCC – 5173

- 2.5kg 500 -

04 WBPH Verticillium lecanii 5.0%

SC, (1x108 CFU/gm

Min.) Strain – Own Red

Isolate, Strain No. VI-

17874,

MTCC No.5716

- 3.125kg 600 -

05 Thrips Azadirachtin 0.15% EC

w/w Min. Neem Seed

Kernel Based

- 1500 - 2500 500 05

06 Leaf

roller


Min. Neem Oil Based

- 2000 1000 05

Source: CIB&RC

40 | P a g e

Annexure-III

Economic Threshold Level (ETL) of Major Pests of Rice Crop Stage Wise

Crop stage Pest/Disease Economic Threshold Level (ETLs)

Nursery

Yellow stem borer 1 egg-mass/m2

Root-knot nematode 1 nematode/g soil

BLB: Kresek Phase 2-3 plants/m2

Early to late

tillering

Leaf-folder 2 Fully damaged leaves (FDL) with larva/hill

Stem borer 2 egg-mass/m2

or 10% dead heart or 1

moth/m2 or 25 moths/ trap/week

Gall midge 1 gall/m2 or 10% Silver shoot

Brown plant hopper/

WBPH

10-15 hoppers/hill

Rice hispa 2 adults or 2 dead leaf /hill

Rice caseworm 2 FDL/hill

Swarming caterpillar 1 damaged tiller/hill or 2 larvae/ m2

Foliar blast 3-5 lesions/leaf

Brown spot 2-3 spots/leaf & 2-3 infected plants/ m2

Sheath blight Lesions of 5-6 mm in length & 2-3 infected

plants/m2

Sheath-rot Lesion length 2-3 mm on sheath & 3-5

infected plants/ m2

BLB 2-3 infected leaves/m2

Tungro 1 Tungro infected plants/m2& 2 GLH/hill (in

fungus endemic areas)

Panicle initiation to

booting

Stem borers 2 egg-mass/m2 or 1 moth/m2 or 25 moths /

trap / week

Leaf-folders 2 FDL/hill

BPH/WBPH 15-20 hoppers/hill

Swarming

caterpillar/cut worm

1 damaged tiller/hill or 2 larvae/ m2

Neck blast 2-5 neck infected plants/m2

Sheath-rot 5 infected plants/m2

Flowering to milky

grain

Gundhi bug 2 bugs/hill

Source: Integrated Pest Management Package for Rice, DPPQ&S, Faridabad-2014

41 | P a g e

Annexure-IV

Approved Uses of Tricyclazole and its Combinations as per Major Uses of Pesticides

Source: CIB&RC

Crop Common name of

the disease

Dosage per ha Waiting period

from last

application to

harvest(in days)

a. i. (g) Formulation

(g/ml)

Dilution

in

water(L)

Tricyclazole 75% WP

Paddy

(Rice)

Blast 225-300

gm

300- 400gm 500 30

Azoxystrobin 16.7% + Tricyclazole 33.30% SC

Rice Sheath blight and

Blast, and brown

spot

83.5 +

166.5

500 500 24

Propiconazole 10.7% w/w + Tricyclazole 34.2% w/w SE

Paddy

(Rice)

Sheath blight, Blast 262.5 to

393.75

500-700 500 46

Tricyclazole 20.4% w/w + Azoxystrobin 6.8% w/w SC

Rice

(Paddy)

Blast, False smut,

Sheath blight and

Grain discoloration

(Dirty Panicle)

300

(225+75)

1000 500 10

Tricyclazole 45% + Hexaconazole 10% WG

Paddy

(Rice)

Blast and Sheath

blight

225+50 500 500 23

Tricyclazole 18.0% w/w + Tebuconazole 14.4% w/w SC

Rice

(Paddy)

Sheath blight, Blast,

false smut and grain

Discoloration

360

(200+160)

1000 ml/ha -- 44

Picoxystrobin 6.78% + Tricyclazole 20.33 %w/w SC

Paddy

(Rice)

Leaf Blast & Neck

Blast

300 1000 500 29

Chilli Anthracnose, Wet

rot, Powdery

mildew

300 1000 500 3

42 | P a g e

Annexure-V

Approved Uses of Buprofezin and its Combinations as per Major Uses of Pesticides

Crop Common name

of the pest

Dosage per ha Waiting period

from last

application to

harvest(in

days)

a. i. (g) Formulation

(g/ml)

Dilution

in

water(L)

Buprofezin 25.00% SC

Cotton Whitefly Aphids,

Jassids, Thrips

250.0 1000 500-750 20

Chilies Yellow Mite 75.0-150.0 300-600 500-750 05

Mango Hoppers 0.025%-

0.05%

1-2 ml/liter of

water

5-15 liter

per tree

20

Grapes Mealy bugs 250.0-375.0 1000-1500 500-1000 07

Rice Brown plant

hopper, Green

leaf hopper,

White Back Plant

Hopper

200.0 800 400-500

20

Buprofezin 70.00% DF

Okra

(Bhindi)

Jassids 200.0 286 500 05

Cotton Jassids, Whitefly 250-300 357-429 500 20

Rice Brown plant

hopper

175 250 500 24

Buprofezin 09.00%+Acephate 24.00% w/w WP

Paddy

(Rice)

Brown plant

hopper

54.0+144.0 600 500 20


Cotton Jassids, Thrips&

White fly

187.5 + 437.5 1250 500 --

Okra Jassids & White

fly

112.5 + 262.5 750 500 07

Paddy

(Rice)

Brown plant

hopper, White

backed plant

hopper

187.5 + 437.5 1250 500 20


Paddy

(Rice)

Stem Borer, Leaf

folder, Brown

plant hopper

200.0+500.0 1000 500 20

43 | P a g e

Cotton Thrips, Jassids,

Mealy bug

250+625 1250 500 15

Buprofezin 22.00%+Fipronil 3.00% SC

Rice

(Paddy)

Brown plant

hopper

110.0+15.0 500 400 – 500 32

Buprofezin 23.10%+Fipronil 03.85% w/w SC

Paddy

(Rice)

Brown plant

hopper

173.25+28.88 750 500 30

Cartap Hydrochloride 50.00%+Buprofezin 10.00% w/w WP

Rice Yellow stem

borer, Brown

plant hopper,

Leaf folder,

Green leaf

hopper, White

backed plant

hopper

480.0 800 500

20

Deltamethrin 00.72%+Buprofezin 05.65% w/w EC

Rice

(Paddy)

Brown plant

hopper, Leaf

folder

0.78+62.50-

0.94+75.00

1250+1500 500 30

Fenobucarb 20.00%+Buprofezin 05.00% w/w SE

Paddy

(Rice)

Brown plant

hopper, Green

leaf hopper

400.0+100.0 2000 500 30

Flubendiamide 04.00%+Buprofezin 20.00% w/w SC

Paddy

(Rice)

Yellow stem

borer, Leaf

folder, Brown

plant hopper

35.0+175.0 175+700 500 30

Source: CIB&RC

44 | P a g e

Annexure-VI

Major Parasites and Predators of Insect Pests of Rice

Natural enemy

category

Natural enemy Pest attacked and feeding potential

I. Parasitoids

1. Egg

parasitoids

Trichogramma

japonicum Egg parasitoid of yellow stem

borer (YSB)

Trichogramma chilonis Egg parasitoid of leaf folder, Case

worm, YSB etc.

Tetrastichus schoenobii Egg parasitoid of yellow and white

stem borer.

At least 3 stem borer eggs are

needed for development of each

wasp.

Telenomus rowani Egg parasitoid of yellow and white

stem borer.

A female parasitizes 20-40 eggs

and lives 2-4 days or longer if

nectar or sugar solution is

provided.

Both Tetrastichus and Telenomus

may parasitize the same egg mass

but not the same egg.

Gonatocerus spp. Egg parasitoid of leaf and plant

hoppers.

Parasitize on an average 8 eggs per

day.

Anagrus spp.

Egg parasitoids of leaf and plant

hoppers.

Parasitizes 15 to 30 eggs/day.

Oligosita spp.

Egg parasitoid of leaf and plant

hoppers.

Consume 2 to 8 eggs per day.

Copidosomopsis

nacoleiae Egg parasitoid of leaf folder.

200-300 wasps are produced from

a few eggs.

2. Larval

parasitoids

Amauromorpha accepta Larval parasitoid of yellow and

white stem borer.

Stenobracon nicevillei Larval parasitoid of leaf folder.

Cotesia flavipes Larval parasitoid of leaf folder.

Elasmus sp. Larval parasite of leaf folder.

Wasp emerges from larva or pupa.

45 | P a g e

Haplogonatopus sp

Pseudogonatopus spp. Larval parasite of leaf folder.


Bracon sp. Larval parasite of leaf folder.


3. Larval and

pupal parasitoids

Xanthopimpla

flavolineata Larval, pupal parasitoid of stem

borer

Brachymeria lasus, B.

excarinata Larval and pupal parasitoid of

Rice skipper, leaf folder and green

horned caterpillar.

Opius sp. Larval pupal parasitoid of whorl

maggot

II. Predators

4. Coccinellid

beetles

Micraspis hirashimai Preying on small hoppers, small

larvae and exposed eggs

Harmonia octamaculata Preying on small hoppers, small

larvae and exposed eggs

5. Carabid beetle Ophionea nigrofasciata Preying leaf folder larvae and

plant hoppers

6. Rove beetle Paederus fuscipes Preying leaf and plant hoppers,

eggs, and small moths

7. Spiders Pardosa

psuedoannulata,

Wolf spider

Prey stem borer and leaf folder

moths, leaf-and plant hoppers, and

whorl maggot flies.

Oxyopes javanus,

Lynx spider Prey moths of rice pests, adults of

whorl maggots, leafhoppers and

plant hoppers

Tetragnatha maxillosa,

Long-jawed spider Prey stem borer and leaf folder

moths, leaf-and plant hoppers

Argiope catenulata,

Orb spider Prey moths/adults of rice pests viz.

grasshoppers Source: Integrated Pest Management Package for Rice, DPPQ&S, Faridabad-2014

46 | P a g e

Glossary

1. AIREA: The All India Rice Exporters’ Association (AIREA) is the Apex body of Indian

Rice Exporters established in 1989.

2. APEDA: Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority.

3. BEDF: Basmati Export Development Foundation. BEDF has been founded by Agricultural

and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA).

4. CIB&RC: Central Insecticides Board & Registration Committee (CIBRC) under the

Directorate of Plant Protection, Quarantine & Storage, Department of Agriculture,

Cooperation& Farmers Welfare.

5. CIPMC: Central Integrated Pest Management Center.

6. Codex: Codex Alimentarius collection of food standards.

7. EIC: Export Inspection Council (EIC) is the official export –certification body of India

which ensures quality and safety of products exported from India.

8. ETL: The pest density at which some control should be exerted to prevent a pest population

from increasing further and causing economic loss.

9. Farmers Field School (FFS): FFS is a season long programme which is organized in

farmer’s field by conducting IPM field exercise once in a week. It is an effective tool to

transfer IPM technology to farmers.

10. FPO: Farmers Producer Organization.

11. GAP: Good Agricultural Practices-According to FAO GAP is defined as “collection of

principles to apply for on- farm production and post production processes resulting in safe

and healthy food and non-food agricultural products while taking into account economic,

social and environmental sustainability”

12. ICAR: The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) is the apex body for

coordinating, guiding, and managing research and education in agriculture in the entire

country.

13. IPM: Integrated Pest Management (IPM) combines the use of biological, cultural and

chemical practices to control insect pests in agricultural production. IPM aims to suppress

pest populations below the Economic Injury Level (EIL).

14. KVK: Krishi Vigyan Kendra

15. MRL: Maximum Residues Limits

16. Pre-Harvest Interval (PHI)/Waiting period: Waiting period refers to the time gap to

observe between the last application of pesticide and the harvesting for consumption. It may

be varying from pesticide to pesticide, crop to crop and place to place dependingupon the

residual toxicity of pesticide and environmental conditions. The leaflets supplied along with

pesticides normally contain this information about different crops.

17. SAU: State Agricultural University

18. SOP:Standard Operating Procedure

47 | P a g e

References

1. Integrated Pest Management Package for Rice: DPPQ&S, Faridabad-2014

2. Basmati Dhan Utpadan ki vaigyanik taknique- Basmati Export Development

Foundation, APEDA

3. Crop Protection-TNAU Agritech Portal:

https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/crop_protection/crop_prot_crop%20diseases_cereals_rice_

main.html

4. Rice Knowledge Bank: IRRI- http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/step-by-step-

production/growth/pests-and-diseases/diseases

5. Major uses of pesticides, CIB&RC, DPPQ&S Faridabad-

http://ppqs.gov.in/divisions/cib-rc/major-uses-of-pesticides

*****

https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/crop_protection/crop_prot_crop%20diseases_cereals_rice_main.html

https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/crop_protection/crop_prot_crop%20diseases_cereals_rice_main.html

http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/step-by-step-production/growth/pests-and-diseases/diseases

http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/step-by-step-production/growth/pests-and-diseases/diseases

http://ppqs.gov.in/divisions/cib-rc/major-uses-of-pesticides

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