Sonny Ramaswamy - Computing Research AssociationCombine next-generaon sequencing & new sensor...
Transcript of Sonny Ramaswamy - Computing Research AssociationCombine next-generaon sequencing & new sensor...
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SmartSystemsFor21stCenturyFoodSystems
SonnyRamaswamy
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Nutri6onalSecurityAnExisten6alThreat
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Food,Shelter,Fiber,Fuel>9billion
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PathForward• Transforma6vediscoveries
– SmartSystems– BigData
• 21stCenturyExtension• Farmingsystems
– 21stCenturyFarms• Educa6on• Policies,regula6on,marke6ng• Humandimensions• Communica6ons
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SmarterAgriculturalProduc6on?Goal–Developneworimprovedengineereddevices,products,or
systemsthat:
Preciselysense,“reason,”andrespond
Improvetheprofitability,produc5vity,and/orefficiencyofag-relatedopera6onsofall
sizes
Benefitconsumersandsociety
SustainableAgSystems
Produc6vityNeeds
EnvironmentalQuality
EconomicallyViable
QualityofLife
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Robusttechnologiesthatcanbeappliedtoawidevarietyofcropsandopera6ons:e.g.,varyingfruitsize,plantsizeandarrangement,andculturalprac6ces
Scale-neutraltechnologies:viableforbothlargeandsmallproducers
Crisis-drivenindustries:weather,regula6on,insectsanddiseases
TechnologyChallenges
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CyberphysicalSystems,Robo6cs,AgricultureTechnology
Usingrobo6cstoeliminateunskilled,unsafe,andlow-wagejobswillcreatenewbusinessopportuni5es,withhigher-wage,technicallydemandingjobs,thatcanleadtomoreviable
andresilientruraleconomies.
Robo5cscanhelpagriculturebemoreproduc5veandefficient,andreduceitsfootprintinconsumingresourcesandgenera6ngwaste.
AvailabilityandcostoffarmlaborhascreatedaneconomicdisadvantageformanyagriculturalindustriesintheU.S.astheytrytocompeteintheglobalmarketplace.
Whileproducingsafe,nutri5ous,andaffordablefoodtoserveagrowingglobalpopula6on—aswellasfeed,fiber,andfuel—theagriculturalenterpriseconsumeslargeamountsofland,
water,andpetro-chemicals.
Sustainability
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Combinenext-genera5onsequencing&newsensortechnologiestoacquiregenotype,phenotype,
andenvironmentaldatatoiden5fyrela5onshipbetweengenotypeandphenotype
Long-termgoal:acceleratebreedingviamarker-assistedselec6onand
genomicselec6ontoaidrapidseedlingscreening
1)Assistintheproduc6onprocess2)Measureplantperformance
3)Trackenvironmentalcondi6ons4)Informreal-6medecisionmaking
SmartSystemsForFoodProduc6onSystems
DESIGNINGSMARTSYSTEMSFORPRODUCTIVITYANDMANAGINGBIOTIC&ABIOTICSTRESSORS
Newtechnologies,sta6s6caltools,andexperimentaldesignstrategiesaredecreasing
thecostsofmarker-assistedbreeding
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GenomestoFieldIni6a6ve
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#BigData
Storingcollectedrawdata
Usingalgorithmstogenerateresultsfromtherawdata
Modelingtodevelop
understandingofthedata,informbreedingselec6ons
andfieldtrials
SmartSystemsGenerateData
DESIGNINGSMARTSYSTEMSFORMANAGINGANDANALYZINGDATA
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BigData:Opportuni6esOpenDataisapowerful,evidence-basedtoolforlong-termsustainabledevelopmentbyimprovingeconomicopportuni6esforfarmersandhealthofconsumers.Openaccesstoresearch,meta-analysis,andopenpublica6onofdataarevitalresourcesfornutri6onalsecurity.
IainChalmers:CochraneCollabora6on
hhp://www.cochrane.org
Transparent,Collabora6ve,Par6cipatory
ArchibaldCochrane
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BigData:Challenges• Ownership
– OpenAgTechnologySystems• DecisionSupportTools
– OpenAgToolkit–NIFAfunded– FarmBot
• Cost• Bandwith• Quality• Cura6on• Disambigua6on• Connec6vity• Cybersecurity• Storage
Courtesy:DennisBuckmaster;hhps://engineering.purdue.edu/oatsgroup/
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SmartSystemsFromFarmtoTable
DESIGNINGSMARTSYSTEMSFROMFARMTOTABLE
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SupplyChain
• On Farm Production • Soil Health, Water, Nutrients • Pests/Control • Energy • Traceability and Tracking • Supply Chain Management • Processing • Inspection • Transportation • Storage
• Retailers • Inventory • Access • Smart Refrigerators • Food Safety • Ripeness • Shrink Wrap • Waste • Smart Services • Etc.
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SmartSystemsRobo6cs
Applica5ontoCaneberries:
PhotoscourtesyofDr.BernadineStrik,OregonStateUniversity
State-of-the-artmachineharvestersinthePacificNorthwestop6mize
efficientharvestofhighqualityfruitforthe
IndividuallyQuickFrozenmarket
Colorandsizesortersensurequalityproducts
inthefreshandprocessedpackingindustries
DESIGNINGROBOTICS
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21stCenturyFarm
hhp://6nyurl.com/o78mah9
OutcomeofBigDataandAnaly6cs2014Na6onalCornYieldAverage:171BushelsRandyDowdy,farmerfromGeorgia:503BushelsRandyDowdyusedsensors,op6malvarie6es,irriga6onandfer6lizers,pestcontrol,andBigDataanaly6cswiththehelpofMonsantoandClimateCorp
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Real-6meAgDataAnaly6csandControl–ResearchGaps
Increasedproduc6onrequiresefficientproduc6ondecisions
Howcancyber-physicalsystemsleverage“bigdata”real-6meinadiversityofenvironments?
NSF/NIFAjointfundingopportunity:Cyber-PhysicalSystems(closesJune7,2016)
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Real-6meAgDataAnaly6csandControl–Drones&Sensors
Applica5onsofdrones:-Firefigh6ng-Scou6ngforinsectpests-Fieldmonitoring
Advantagesofdrones:-Cheap-Lightweight-Cancarryavarietyofsensors/camerasFundingopportunity:SmallBusinessInnovaPonResearch
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• MaizeGDB(corn)• SoyBase(soybean)• LegumeInforma6onSystem(legumes)• T3:TheTri6ceaeToolbox• GrainGenes(wheat,barley,oat)• Gramene(rice,grape,othermodelplantsystems)• GenomeDatabaseforRosaceae
NIFA-Funded:OpenData,OpenAccessTools,andCyberinfrastructure
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• AFRIFounda6onalPlantHealthandProduc6onandPlantProductsProgram
– Pre-breedingandgermplasmenhancement,cul6vardevelopment,selec6ontheory,appliedquan6ta6vegene6cs,andbreeding
– Conven6onalbreedingfordevelopmentofpubliclyavailablecul6vars
• AFRIFounda6onalCAREandERGprogram• AFRIFoodSecurityChallengeArea
– Breedingandphenomicsofcropstoproducevarie6eswithimprovedresiliencetoextremeweatherandincreasedprotec6onfrompests
– Enhancednutri6onalcomposi6onforimprovedhumanhealth– Trainingnextgenera6onofplantbreeders
• AFRIEduca6onandLiteracyIni6a6ve– Undergraduate,predoctoral,andpostdoctoralfellowships
SmartSystemstoAccelerateBreeding:FundingOpportuni6es
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• NIFAInterna6onalWheatYieldPartnership– Breakthroughbreeding,gene6cs,andgenomics
• NIFA/DOEJointPlantFeedstockGenomicsforBioenergyProgram– Breedingandgenomicstodevelopnewfeedstocks
• EarlyConceptGrantsforExploratoryResearch(EAGER)NSF/NIFAJointFunding
– Breakthroughtechnologiesforanimalandplantphenomicsandmicrobiomes
• PlantBio6cInterac6onsProgramNSF/NIFAJointFunding– Processesmedia6ngbeneficialandantagonis6cinterac6onsbetweenplants,symbionts,andpests
• NIFA/ARPA-E– TERRAGenomestoPhenomes/Fieldprogram
SmartSystemstoAccelerateBreeding:FundingOpportuni6es
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HumansMaher