SOME OF THE PROPERTIES OF REINFORCED SOME OF THE PROPERTIES OF REINFORCED RECYCLED COMPOSITE PANELSRECYCLED COMPOSITE PANELS

NADIR AYRILMISNADIR AYRILMISZEKI CANDANZEKI CANDAN

DEPARTMENT OF FOREST PRODUCTS ENGINEERINGDEPARTMENT OF FOREST PRODUCTS ENGINEERINGISTANBUL UNIVERSITYISTANBUL UNIVERSITY

ISTANBUL, TURKEYISTANBUL, TURKEY

SALIM HIZIROGLUSALIM HIZIROGLUDEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCE DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCE

ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENTECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENTOKLAHOMA STATE UNIVERSITYOKLAHOMA STATE UNIVERSITYSTILLWATER, OKLAHOMA 74078STILLWATER, OKLAHOMA 74078

U.S.AU.S.A

IUFRO ALL DIVISION 5IUFRO ALL DIVISION 5TAIPEI, TAIWANTAIPEI, TAIWAN

NOVEMBER 3, 2007NOVEMBER 3, 2007

OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES1- TO MANUFACTURE EXPERIMENTAL PARTICLEBOARD 1- TO MANUFACTURE EXPERIMENTAL PARTICLEBOARD

PANELS FROM RECYCLED CARTOON, POLYETHYLENE, PANELS FROM RECYCLED CARTOON, POLYETHYLENE,

AND ALUMINUM.AND ALUMINUM.

2- TO REINFORCE SUCH PANELS WITH VENEER AND HIGH 2- TO REINFORCE SUCH PANELS WITH VENEER AND HIGH PRESSURE LAMINATE (HPL).PRESSURE LAMINATE (HPL).

3- TO EVALUATE PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES 3- TO EVALUATE PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

OF SAMPLES IF THEY ARE SUITABLE FOR FURNITURE AND OF SAMPLES IF THEY ARE SUITABLE FOR FURNITURE AND CABINET MANUFACTURE.CABINET MANUFACTURE.

RAW MATERIAL RAW MATERIAL

1- 1- SHREDDED CARTOON FROM FOOD INDUSTRY WITH SHREDDED CARTOON FROM FOOD INDUSTRY WITH

APPROXIMATELY 5 MM LENGTH. [80%]APPROXIMATELY 5 MM LENGTH. [80%]

2- POLYETHYLENE IN POWDER FORM. [20%]2- POLYETHYLENE IN POWDER FORM. [20%]

3- ALUMINUM POWDER. [5%]3- ALUMINUM POWDER. [5%]

PRESS PARAMETERSPRESS PARAMETERS

PRESSURE : 1.2 N/mmPRESSURE : 1.2 N/mm22

TEMPERATURE : 170TEMPERATURE : 170OOCC

PRESS TIME : 12 min.PRESS TIME : 12 min.

PANEL SIZEPANEL SIZE 125 cm by 250 cm by 1.5 CM125 cm by 250 cm by 1.5 CM

LAMINATING PROCESSLAMINATING PROCESS 50 cm by 50 cm by 1.5 cm PANELS WERE OVERLAID BY,50 cm by 50 cm by 1.5 cm PANELS WERE OVERLAID BY,

ROTARY CUT VENEER OF EUROPEAN BEECH (ROTARY CUT VENEER OF EUROPEAN BEECH (FAGUS ORIENTALIS LIPSKYFAGUS ORIENTALIS LIPSKY.) WITH A .) WITH A THICKNESS OF 1.5 mm.THICKNESS OF 1.5 mm.

BINDER…………………: UREA FORMALDEHYDE ( 180 G/MBINDER…………………: UREA FORMALDEHYDE ( 180 G/M22))

PRESSURE………....….: 65 BarPRESSURE………....….: 65 Bar

TEMPERATURE……….: 120 TEMPERATURE……….: 120 OOCC

TIME …………………….: 10 min.TIME …………………….: 10 min.

HIGH DENSITY LAMINATE (HPL) WITH A THICKNESS OF 0.8 mm.HIGH DENSITY LAMINATE (HPL) WITH A THICKNESS OF 0.8 mm.

BINDER……………..… : PVA ( UK 8103B&UK 5400)BINDER……………..… : PVA ( UK 8103B&UK 5400)

PRESSURE………........: 65 BarPRESSURE………........: 65 Bar

TEMPERATURE……....: 60 TEMPERATURE……....: 60 OOCC

TIME………………........: 10 min.TIME………………........: 10 min.

Test Test TTypeype Applied Standard Applied Standard SSampleample Size Size (mm)(mm)

Air dry density (12% MC)Air dry density (12% MC) EN 323 (1993)EN 323 (1993) 50 x 5050 x 50

Thickness swell (24 hrs)Thickness swell (24 hrs) (TS)(TS)

EN 317 (1993)EN 317 (1993) 50 x 50 50 x 50

Water absorption (24 hrs)Water absorption (24 hrs)(WA)(WA)

EN 317(1993)EN 317(1993) 50 x 50 50 x 50

Modulus of ruptureModulus of rupture(MOR)(MOR)

EN 310 (1993)EN 310 (1993) 410 x 50410 x 50

Modulus of elasticityModulus of elasticity(MOE)(MOE)

EN 310 (1993)EN 310 (1993) 410 x 50410 x 50

Screw withdrawal resistanceScrew withdrawal resistance(SW)(SW)

EN 320 (1993)EN 320 (1993) 50 x 5050 x 50

Panel typePanel type

Physical propertiesPhysical properties Mechanical propertiesMechanical properties

Air-dryAir-dry

DDensityensity

(g/cm³)(g/cm³)

ThicknesThicknesss

SSwellwellinging

(%)(%)

Water Water AAbsorptionbsorption

(%)(%)

Modulus Modulus ofof

RRuptureupture

(N/mm²) (N/mm²)

Modulus Modulus of of

EElasticity lasticity

(N/mm²) (N/mm²)

Screw Screw Holding Holding

RResistance esistance (Face)(Face)

(N) (N)

CoveredCovered PPanelanelss 960960(0.03)(0.03)

0.76 A0.76 A**(0.14)(0.14)

5.69 A 5.69 A (0.62)(0.62)

53.2 A53.2 A(5.80)(5.80)

4866.7 A4866.7 A(334.17)(334.17)

1522.5 A1522.5 A(79.5)(79.5)

UUncovered ncovered PPaneanelsls

10401040(0.007)(0.007)

0.20 B0.20 B(0.24)(0.24)

2.75 B2.75 B(0.14)(0.14)

18.6 B18.6 B(2.72)(2.72)

2350.0 B2350.0 B(225.70)(225.70)

1331.01331.0 B B(22.07)(22.07)

Commercial Commercial particleboardparticleboard(18 mm)(18 mm)

650650 88 -- 14.114.1 2815.72815.7 731731

EN 312 Type P7 EN 312 Type P7 (2005) (2005)

-- 88(max)(max)

-- 2020(min)(min)

31003100(min)(min)

--

CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS

Based on findings of this study such composite panels Based on findings of this study such composite panels reinforced with wood veneer and high pressure laminate reinforced with wood veneer and high pressure laminate showed satisfactory physical and mechanical properties and showed satisfactory physical and mechanical properties and they could be considered as alternative products to manufacture they could be considered as alternative products to manufacture flooring, cabinets and other substrate panels.flooring, cabinets and other substrate panels.

It appears that using recycled material to manufacture such It appears that using recycled material to manufacture such value-added panels may result in sustainable utilization of value-added panels may result in sustainable utilization of resources from the environmental perspective.resources from the environmental perspective.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Assistance of Yekas Recycling Inc. in panel Assistance of Yekas Recycling Inc. in panel manufacture is greatly appreciated.manufacture is greatly appreciated.