Some Exercises on Integral and Their Solutions

24
1.  dx x 4 1  2 ∫  Misalkan dα α cos 2 1 dx α cos 2 1 dα dx α sin 2 1 x  = = = ( ) ( ) x 2 sin arc α α sin x 2 α sin 2 1 x  = = = dα α cos 2 1 α sin 1 dα α cos 2 1 α sin 4 1 4 1 dx x 4 1  2 2 2 ∫ ∫ ∫  =       = ∫ ∫  = =  dα α cos 2 1 dα α cos 2 1 α cos  2 α 2x 1 2 x 4 1

Transcript of Some Exercises on Integral and Their Solutions

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1.   dxx41  2∫    −

⇒ Misalkan

dααcos2

1dxαcos2

1

dxαsin2

1x   =⇒=⇒=

( ) ( )x2sinarcααsinx2αsin2

1x   =⇒=⇒=

dααcos2

1αsin1dααcos

2

1αsin

4

141dxx41

  222 ∫ ∫ ∫    −=   

  −=−

∫ ∫    ==   dααcos2

1dααcos

2

1αcos

  2

α

2x1

2x41−

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⇒ Ingat trigonometri

αcos2

1

4

1

α2cos4

1

4

1

αcos2

1

α2cos4

1

1αcos2α2cos

  222

=+⇒−=⇒−=

Maka

C4

αα2sin

8

1dα

4

1α2cos

4

1dααcos

2

1   2 ++=   

   += ∫ ∫ 

⇒ Ingat trigonometri

αcosαsin2α2sin   =

( )   ( )( )   Cx2sinarc

4

1x41

2

xC

4

ααcosαsin

4

1C

4

αα2sin

8

1   2 ++−=++=++

Maka

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( )   ( )( )   Cx2sinarc4

1x41

2

xdxx41

  22 ++−=−∫ 

2.   dx

4xx

1

22∫      

 

 

 

 

⇒ Misalkan

dx

4a

daa

a

4a

dx

da

4x

x

dx

da4xa

2

2

2

2 =

+

⇒+

=⇒

=⇒−=

( ) ( )∫ ∫ ∫ 

   

 

 

 

 

+=

  

 

 

 

 

+   

  

 

+=

  

 

 

 

 

−2

3

22222

4a

da

4a

daa

a4a

1dx

4xx

1

⇒ Misalkan

dααcos

2da

αcos

2

daαtan2a

22      

  

 =⇒=⇒=

4αtan44aαtan2a  22 +=+⇒=

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Maka

( ) ( )   ( ) ( )( )

∫ ∫ ∫ ∫ 

      

 

 

 

 

   

  

 

   

  

 

=

     

 

 

 

 

+

   

  

 

=

     

 

 

 

 

+

   

  

 

=   

 

 

 

 

+   2

3

2

2

2

3

2

2

2

3

2

2

2

3

2

αcos

18

αcos

2

1αtan8

αcos

2

4αtan4

αcos

2

4a

da

 

( )

( ) ( )  C

4a

a

4

1C

4

αsin

4

dααcos

αcos

18

dααcos

2

2

2

3

2

2

++

=+=   

  

 =

      

 

 

 

 

   

  

 

   

  

 

=   ∫ ∫ 

α

a

2

4a2 +

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( )C

4a

a

4

1

4a

da

2

2

3

2

++

=   

 

 

 

 

+∫ 

Jadi integralnya menhasilkan :

Cx

4x

4

1dx

4xx

1  2

22+

−=

  

 

 

 

 

−∫ 

3.   dxx

1x2

∫       

 

 

    +

⇒ Misalkan

dx

1a

daa

a

1a

dx

da

1x

x

dx

da1xa

2

2

2

2 =−

⇒−

=⇒+

=⇒+=

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Maka

da1a

ada

1a

daa

1a

adx

x

1x

2

2

22

2

∫ ∫ ∫       

  

 

−=

  

 

 

 

 

−  

 

 

 

 

−=

  

 

 

 

    +

⇒ Lakkan !roses !em"agian

1a

11

1a

a

22 −+=

Maka

da1a

1ada

1a

1dada

1a

11da

1a

a

2222

2

∫ ∫ ∫ ∫ ∫        

  

−+=  

  

  

−+=  

  

  

−+=  

  

  

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⇒ Lakkan !roses al#a"ar 

1a

$

1a

%

1a

1

2 ++−=−

( ) ( )

1a

1a$1a%

1a

1

22 −−++

=−

( )

1a

$%a$%

1a

1x&

22 −−++

=−+

Maka' agar ras kiri sama dengan ras kanan'

1$%

&$%

=−=+

dengan mengrangkan !ersamaan !ertama dan keda' kita !eroleh

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2

1$   −=

("stitsi hasil ini ke dalam salah sat !ersamaan di atas' kita !eroleh

&2

1%&$%   = 

  

  −+⇒=+

2

1%   =

Jadi' kita !eroleh !enyelesaian ntk sistem !ersamaan linear di atas' yait

2

1%   =

2

1$   −=

(ehingga

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da1a

2

1

1a

2

1

ada1a

1ada

1a

a

22

2

∫ ∫ ∫     

 

 

 

 

+

−+

−+=  

 

  

 

−+=  

 

  

 

( ) ( )   C1aln2

1

1aln2

1

ada1a

a

2

2

++−−+=   

 

 

 

−∫ 

Maka integral

( ) ( )   C11xln2

111xln

2

11xdx

x

1x   222

2

+++−−+++=   

  

    +∫ 

4.   dxxx21

1

42∫       

  

 

++

⇒ )lis

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( )  2242

1x

1

xx21

1

+=

++

( )  dx

1x

1

22

∫      

 

 

 

 +

⇒ Misalkan

dααcos

1dx

αcos

1

dxαtanx

22      

  

 =⇒=⇒=

( ) ( )αcos

11αtan1xαtanx4

2222 =+=+⇒=

α

x

1

1x2 +

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( )  ( )∫ ∫ ∫    =  

 

  

 

     

 

 

 

 

  

 

 

 

 =

  

 

 

 

 

+dααcosdα

αcos

1

αcos

1

1dx

1x

1   2

2

4

22

⇒ Ingat trigonometri

αcos2

1α2cos

2

1

2

1αcosα2cos

2

11αcos2α2cos

  222 =+⇒−=⇒−=

( )  Cα2sin

4

1

2

αdα

2

1α2cos

2

1dx

1x

1

22

++=   

   +=

  

 

 

 

 

+  ∫ ∫ 

maka integral di atas menghasilkan

( )  C

1x

x

2

1xtanarc

2

1dx

1x

1

222

+   

  

 

++=

  

 

 

 

 

+∫ 

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*.   (   dx3xx∫    +

⇒ Misalkan

dxda1dx

da3xa   =⇒=⇒+=

Maka

( )   ( )( )   Ca2a*

2daa3adaa3adx3xx   2

3

2

*

2

1

2

3

+−=  

 

 

 

 −=−=+ ∫ ∫ ∫ 

( )   ( ) ( )   C3x23x*2dx3xx   2

3

2

*

++−+=+∫ 

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+.   dx4x

x3x2

∫       

  

 

++

⇒ )liskan

4x

2&2&1+1+x*x8x

4x

x3x  22

+−+−+−+

=+

+

 4x

4

4x

&2x*

4x

1+x8x2

++

++

−+++

=

 ( ) ( )

4x

4

4x

4x*

4x

4x  2

++++

−++

=

( ) ( )∫ ∫   

++

++

−+

+=  

 

  

 

++

dx4x

4

4x

4x*

4x

4xdx

4x

x3x  22

( ) ( )∫ ∫ ∫ ∫  +

+++

−+

+=  

 

 

 

 

++

dx4x

14dx

4x

4x*dx

4x

4xdx

4x

x3x  22

( ) ( )∫ ∫ ∫ ∫    −+++−+=   

  

 ++

dx4x4dx4x*dx4xdx4x

x3x2

1

2

32

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( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )∫ ∫ ∫ ∫    +++++−++=   

  

 ++   −

4xd4x44xd4x*4xd4xdx4x

x3x2

1

2

32

( ) ( ) ( )   C4x84x3

1&4x

*

2dx

4x

x3x2

1

2

3

2

*2

++++−+=    

  

++∫ 

,.   dx1x

x4

∫       

  

 −

⇒ )liskan

1x

11xxx

1x

x   23

4

−++++=

Maka

( )   ∫ ∫ ∫ ∫        

  

−++++=  

  

  

−++++=  

 

  

 −

  dx1x

1dx1xxxdx

1x

11xxxdx

1x

x   23234

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( )   C1xlnxx2

1x

3

1x

4

1dx

1x

x   234

4

+−++++=   

  

 −∫ 

8. ( ) ( )  dx

1x12x

1x*

∫       

  

 −+

+

⇒ )liskan

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )1x

$

12x

%

1x12x

1x*

+

+

=

−+

+

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

( ) ( )1x12x

12x$1x%

1x12x

1x*

−+++−

=−+

+

( ) ( )

( )

( ) ( )1x12x

$%x$2%

1x12x

1x*

−++−+

=−+

+

Maka' agar ras kiri sama dengan ras kanan'

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1$%

*$2%

=+−

=+

-ita !eroleh sistem !ersamaan linear' dengan da !ersamaan linear dan da aria"el' % dan $' yang

hars dicari.

1$%

*$2%

=+−=+

 

dengan men#mlahkan !ersamaan !ertama dan keda' kita !eroleh

2$   =

("stitsi hasil ini ke dalam salah sat !ersamaan di atas' kita !eroleh

1%   =

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Jadi' kita !eroleh !enyelesaian ntk sistem !ersamaan linear di atas' yait

1%   =

2$   =

Maka integral di atas menghasilkan

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )  ( ) ( )   C1xln212xln

21dx

1x2

12x1dx

1x12x1x* +−++=  

  

   −++=  

  

   −+ + ∫ ∫ 

/.   ∫       

  

 

++

1

&

2  dx

x2x31

1

⇒ )lis

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( ) ( )1x12x

1

x2x31

1

2 ++=

++

⇒ )liskan

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )1x

$

12x

%

1x12x

1

++

+=

++

( ) ( )( ) ( )

( ) ( )1x12x

12x$1x%

1x12x

1

+++++=

++

( ) ( )

( )

( ) ( )1x12x

$%x$2%

1x12x

1x&

+++++=

+++

Maka' agar ras kiri sama dengan ras kanan'

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1$%

&$2%

=+=+

-ita !eroleh sistem !ersamaan linear' dengan da !ersamaan linear dan da aria"el' % dan $' yanghars dicari.

1$%

&$2%

=+=+

 

dengan mengrangkan !ersamaan !ertama dan keda' kita !eroleh

1$   −=

("stitsi hasil ini ke dalam salah sat !ersamaan di atas' kita !eroleh

2%   =

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Jadi' kita !eroleh !enyelesaian ntk sistem !ersamaan linear di atas' yait

2%   =

1$   −=

Maka integral di atas menghasilkan

( ) ( )  ( ) ( )[ ]1

&

1

&

2  1xln12xlndx1x

1

12x

2dx

x2x31

1+−+=  

 

  

 +

−+

=   

  

 ++   ∫ ∫ 

( ) ( )[ ]   ( ) ( )[ ]      

  =−=+−+=  

 

  

 ++∫ 

2

3ln2ln3ln1xln12xlndx

x2x31

1   1

&

1

&

2

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1&.   ∫       

  

 

−−−4

3

23

23

dxx2x

4x2x

⇒ )lis

( )2xx

41

x2x

4x2x

223

23

−−=

−−−

( )  ( )

( )∫ ∫ ∫ ∫       

 

 

 

−−=

   

 

 

 

−−=

   

 

 

 

−−   4

32

4

3

4

32

4

323

23

dx

2xx

14dx1dx

2xx

41dx

x2x

4x2x

( ) ( )∫ ∫ ∫       

  

 −

−=   

  

 −

−=   

  

 −

−−   4

3

2

4

3

2

4

3

4

3

23

23

dx2xx

141dx

2xx

14xdx

x2x

4x2x

⇒ )liskan

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( )   ( )2x

C

x

$x%

2xx

1

22 −+

+=

( )

( ) ( )

( )2xx

xC2x$x%

2xx

1

2

2

2 −+−+

=−

( )

( ) ( )

( )2xx

$2x$%2xC%

2xx

1x&x&

2

2

2

2

−−+−++

=−

++

Maka' agar ras kiri sama dengan ras kanan'

1C&$2%&

&C&$%2

&C$&%

=+−

=++−=++

-ita !eroleh !enyelesaian ntk sistem !ersamaan linear di atas' yait

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4

1%   −=

2

1$   −=

4

1C   =

Maka integral di atas menghasilkan

( )∫ ∫     

 

 

 

 

−+

−−−=  

 

  

 

−−   4

3

2

4

3

23

23

dx2x

41

x

21x

41

41dx

x2x

4x2x

( )∫ ∫ ∫       

  

 −

+   

     ++=  

 

  

 

−−−   4

3

4

3

2

4

3

23

23

dx2x

1dx

x

2x1dx

x2x

4x2x

   

  

   

  +=  

 

  

 

−−−

∫ 3

8ln

+

,dx

x2x

4x2x4

3

23

23

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