Some examples of Bad design. Example 1 For the bell to ring, the ti mer must be turned to greater...
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![Page 1: Some examples of Bad design. Example 1 For the bell to ring, the ti mer must be turned to greater than 15 minutes, and then set to the appropriate time.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649ccb5503460f949943e8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Some examples of Bad design
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Example 1
• For the bell to ring, the timer must be turned to greater than 15 minutes, and then set to the appropriate time
• Not very Intuitive!!!
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• Both sides of the refrigerator are identical
•There is no handle on the front
• How do you open the fridge
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Imperceptible!!!
• What is this sign telling motorists to do?
![Page 5: Some examples of Bad design. Example 1 For the bell to ring, the ti mer must be turned to greater than 15 minutes, and then set to the appropriate time.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649ccb5503460f949943e8/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
• Check out
• http://www.baddesigns.com/examples.html
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Difficulties using Every Day Products
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Estimated Numbers with Functional Difficulty in the UK
• Dexterity – 1.7 Million
• Reaching and Stretching – 1.2 Million
• Manipulating and Gripping- 0.3 Million
• Lifting and Transporting – 0.6 Million
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Difficulties with Everyday Products
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Difficulties with Kettles
• Manipulation and gripping 273,000 • Lifting and transporting 615,000
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Manipulation
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The order of difficulty of packaging products (1 being the easiest) is shown in the table
below:• 1 Cleaning solution• 2 Washing up liquid• 3 Soup tin• 4 Sugar• 5 Washing powder/liquid• 6 Tin of tuna• 7 Butter• 8 Milk• 9 Microwave meal
packaging• 10 Bread packaging
• 11 Tea bag• 12 Instant soup
packaging• 13 Meat tin• 14 Plastic bottle• 15 Toothpaste• 16 Cereal packaging• 17 Cheese packaging• 18 Jam jar• 19 Shoe polish tin
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Gripping
• 1 Cleaning solution• 2 Microwave meal
packaging• 3 Instant soup packaging• 4 Soup tin• 5 Washing powder/liquid• 6 Sugar• 7 Milk• 8 Washing up liquid• 9 Bread packaging
• 10 Butter• 11 Tea bag• 12 Tin of tuna• 13 Plastic bottle• 14 Cheese packaging• 15 Meat tin• 16 Toothpaste• 17 Shoe polish• 18 Cereal packaging• 19 Jam jar
![Page 13: Some examples of Bad design. Example 1 For the bell to ring, the ti mer must be turned to greater than 15 minutes, and then set to the appropriate time.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649ccb5503460f949943e8/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Lifting
• 1 Shoe polish• 2 Tin of tuna• 3 Tea bag• 4 Instant soup packaging• 5 Meat tin• 6 Cleaning solution• 7 Butter• 8 Bread packaging• 9 Cheese packaging• 10 Plastic bottle• 11 Milk
• 12 Jam jar• 13 Toothpaste• 14 Cereal packaging• 15 Soup tin• 16 Washing powder/liquid• 17 Sugar• 18 Microwave meal
packaging• 19 Washing
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Transporting• Packaging products - transporting• Products excluded from the list because of small sample numbers include;• • No excluded products• 34• 1 Cleaning solution• 2 Tea bag• 3 Instant soup packaging• 4 Toothpaste• 5 Milk• 6 Bread packaging• 7 Cereal packaging• 8 Plastic bottle• 9 Tin of tuna• 10 Jam jar• 11 Butter• 12 Washing powder/liquid• 13 Microwave meal packaging• 14 Sugar• 15 Washing up liquid
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Capacity Demands(Capability Demands Clarkson)
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• Looking at the above milk bottle designs:• Each bottle design demands that the user has a
capacity to perform a vertical lift by gripping the handle with a closed fist grasp.
We see that the bottles on the left will allow a greater range of hand sizes get a proper grip on the handle for lifting since it gives greater clearance dimension between handle and jug
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• In other words the structure of each bottle implies the user must have particular hand dimensions in order to manipulate the bottle
• Thus each bottle places different demands on the user attributes.
• If these demands are not met then the bottle cannot be used.
• This conflict is the essence of how capacity demands define the guards of our petri nets
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• The above is an example of an object capacity demand.
• There are other kinds of capacity demands based around action
• These must be measured against the personal capacities of the agent and the attributes of the environment
• This is summarised in the following
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Capacity Demands
Action and
Objects
Agent Capacities,EnvironmentalFactors,State Attributes
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More formally
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Person Capability Tokens
EnvironmentAttribute Tokens
Action Capability Demands
Object Capability Demands
Environmental Demands
Incoming Tokens representing
Person and State
Transition Guard representing Barriers
( in terms of Capability Demands)
State
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Capacity Demands And Assistive Technology
• Action and objects place capacity demands on people and environment.
• For example using a standard kettle involves a capacity demand of being able to perform a vertical lift of up to 1 kg(which is the weight of the kettle when full with water), one handed using a closed fist grip.
• Assistive Technology changes the relation between personal and environmental capacities and the capacity demands of the action being executed.
• This relationship is represented by the guard of the CPN• This is shown in the following example