SOLUTION BRIEF Mobile operators - Ekinops - Optical ... · Mobile operators are facing more and ......
Transcript of SOLUTION BRIEF Mobile operators - Ekinops - Optical ... · Mobile operators are facing more and ......
Mobile operators are facing more and more challenges in the last mile.
THAT IS WHY, SOME MOBILE OPERATORS DECIDE TO IMPLEMENT C-RAN OR CLOUD RAN ARCHITECTURES IN THEIR
NETWORK, CENTRALIZING BASE BAND UNITS (BBUS) IN PARALLEL, WITH A CLEAR MIGRATION TO FIBER INTERCONNECTING
RRHS AND BBUS.
E K I N O P S P R O P R I E T A R Y I N F O R M A T I O N : : A L L R I G H T S R E S E R V E D
THE EVOLUTION of Radio Access Networks
(RANs) is driven by both technology and economics.
Globally, there is a need for more radio sites to achieve
better coverage and a higher user data throughput, while at
the same time assuring operator revenue. Reliance on the
CPRI and OBSAI protocols specified for carrying digitized
samples of RF carrier waveforms, introduces the notion of
‘’fronthaul’’, being complementary to the legacy backhaul.
RAN backhaul architecture continues to evolve, moving
from a traditional PDH/SDH-based infrastructure to packet-
oriented backhaul, with the growth of fiber surpassing
microwave.
Ekinops believes that gradually fronthaul and backhaul will
be mixed in order to optimize the mobile access network
architecture. For instance, active CPRI aggregation equipment
at a radio site should also be able to handle the backhaul of
legacy radio equipment at the same site.
Ekinops also believes that the fronthaul architecture
will consist of passive WDM solutions or active WDM
solutions, or a mix, to optimally respond to each site’s
topology needs or constraints.
THE EKINOPS COMPLETE FRONTHAUL SOLUTION, BASED ON
PASSIVE AND ACTIVE WDM EQUIPMENT, IS DESCRIBED IN THE FOLLOWING PAGES.
> Huge radio site densification in response to data capacity
needs, in order to asure better coverage and higher user
data throughput.
> Several different radio frequencies being used at a given site
for each 2G, 3G and 4G layer, requiring a growing number
of Radio Remote Heads (RRHs) per site.
> In the face of increasing OPEX costs, power and space are key.
> Site acquisition / renegotiation has become more difficult
especially in dense areas.
> Time to market is critical, which means mobile operators
must be able to rapidly extend existing sites, or deploy
new sites.
EKINOPS LAST MILE SOLUTIONFOR BACKHAUL & FRONTHAUL
APPLICATIONS
This trend is mainly driven by:
>
SOLUTION BRIEF 03 |2015
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In the face of a heterogeneous network evolution, it is
necessary to address the co-existence of different fronthaul
and backhaul generations.
In the case of green-field deployments, of course, the design
can be more streamlined.
In this solution brief we will first address the passive fronthaul
concept and its implementation possibilities.
Then we will look at the aggregation possibilities in fronthaul.
Finally, we will consider mixed scenarios, in which fronthaul
and backhaul take advantage of common and evolution-
capable platforms, leveraging unprecedented mobile RAN
possibilities at a lower cost.
EthernetBackbone
CPRIports
Fiber pairs
Antenna siteswith multiple RRHs
Carrier Ethernet
Base Band Unit
BBU
Base Band Unit
BBU
RRH
RRH
RRH
RRH
RRH
RRH
RRH
RRH
RRH
RRH
RRH
RRH
RRHRRHRRHRRHRRHRRH
GENERAL LAST MILE & FRONTHAUL NETWORKARCHITECTURE EXAMPLES
■PASSIVE SOLUTION | CWDM
E K I N O P S P R O P R I E T A R Y I N F O R M A T I O N : : A L L R I G H T S R E S E R V E D
Any passive topology must be supported when using CPRI in a passive CWDM network context, starting with basic
black and white point-to-point links and ranging to colorized star and tree topologies. These topologies rely on optical
multiplexers where the sole design limit is the number of available colors (typically 16 for CWDM) of the transceivers, and
their associated optical budgets. Synchronization signals and protocols can be carried over dedicated wavelengths.
Figure1 : Black and White Point-to-Point Fronthaul Architecture
Single/Fiber pairs
EthernetBackbone
CPRIports
Carrier Ethernet
Base Band Unit
BBU
Base Band Unit
BBU
Central Office with BBU hostelling
RRHRRH
RRHRRH
RRHRRH
RRHRRH RRHRRH RRHRRH
RRHRRH RRHRRH RRHRRH
RRHRRHRRHRRHRRHRRH
Figure 2: CWDM Fronthaul Architecture using Multiplexers
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E K I N O P S P R O P R I E T A R Y I N F O R M A T I O N : : A L L R I G H T S R E S E R V E D
Introducing passive OADMs (Optical Add/Drop Multiplexers) allows for ring and mesh topologies, thus enabling
protection of the CPRI streams. Also, evolutions of the network (adding specific CPRI capacity) are eased by using OADMs.
Very smallantenna site
λ1 λ2
CPRI interfaceat each RRH
2 ch OADM
EthernetBackbone
CPRIports Carrier Ethernet
Base Band Unit
BBU
Base Band Unit
BBU
Central Office with BBU hostelling
RRHRRH RRHRRH
RRHRRH
RRHRRH RRHRRH RRHRRH
RRHRRH RRHRRH RRHRRH
RRHRRH
RRHRRH
RRHRRHRRHRRHRRHRRH
Figure 3: CWDM Fronthaul Star Architecture using Multiplexers and OADMs
Figure 4: CWDM Fronthaul Ring Architecture using Multiplexers and different degree OADMs
CPRI interfaceat each RRH
Very small cell site
Secured mappingof CPRI streams
1 ch OA
DM
Small cell site
2 ch OADM 2 ch OADM
λ2 λ3 λ4 λ5 λ6 λ7
λ1
Small cell site
λ6 λ7
Central Office with BBU hostelling
EthernetBackbone
CPRIports
Carrier Ethernet
Base Band Unit
BBU
RRHRRH
RRHRRH RRHRRH RRHRRH
RRHRRH RRHRRH RRHRRH
>
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E K I N O P S P R O P R I E T A R Y I N F O R M A T I O N : : A L L R I G H T S R E S E R V E D
Any legacy multiplexers, OADM, and standard SFP(+) transceiver solutions are addressed by the Ekinops portfolio.
One of the CWDM Optical channels is dedicated to optical line supervision optical loopback on the remote site managed
by the Ekinops Supervisory channel management card (EKINOPS PM OSC).
> Alarm management display on CLI/Craft in case of fiber break or attenuation changes,
> Option to manage different directions in a single chassis.
The Ekinops solution relies on a 1RU passive chassis that can
hold various elements such as multiplexers and OADMs.
With the CWDM multiplexers, either 8- or 16-color muxing
schemes are supported in a dual fiber configuration. For
single fiber configuration, the multiplexers support either 4
or 8 paired channels. Specific monitoring ports (Tap Splitters)
are also available.
For the CWDM OADMs, single-sided add/drop as well as
add/drop at each side of 2, 4, and 8 channels are available
for dual fiber configurations.
For the single fiber CWDM OADMs, single-sided add/drop
as well as add/drop at each side of 1, and 2 paired channels
are available.
> Note that all CWDM passives are Extended Temperature
Range (ETR) capable, from -40°C to +65°C / -40°F to +149°F.
In the DWDM band, bidirectional 16, 32, and 40 channel flat
top muxing schemes are available.
Furthermore, single-sided add/drop and both-end
add/drops OADMs are available for a dual fiber scheme.
Central Officewith BBU hostelling
CPRI interfaceat each RRH
on site 2
CPRI interfaceat each RRH
on site 3
Ekinops chassis dedicatedto optical supervision
200
EthernetBackbone
Carrier Ethernet
Base Band Unit
BBU
RRHRRH
RRHRRH
RRHRRH
RRHRRH
RRHRRH
RRHRRH
FRONTHAUL SUPERVISION
■ EKINOPS SOLUTION | PASSIVE CWDM AND DWDM
R-OADM
R-OADM
R-OADM
R-OADM
Base Band Unit
BBURRHRRH
RRHRRH
RRHRRH
RRHRRH
RRHRRH
RRHRRH
RRHRRH
RRHRRH
RRHRRH
Figure 6: DWDM Fronthaul RingArchitecture using ROADMs
■ACTIVE SOLUTION | DWDM
A DWDM grid leverages the overall
addressable number of CPRI streams a given
network can address (typically 80 wavelengths).
Furthermore, when introducing ROADMs,
flexible mobile fronthaul architectures ready
for capacity evolutions can be rolled out.
Figure 5: Optical Loopback at Antenna Sitefor Fronthaul Infrastructure Supervision
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E K I N O P S P R O P R I E T A R Y I N F O R M A T I O N : : A L L R I G H T S R E S E R V E D
Example #1
■ EKINOPS SOLUTION | ACTIVE ELECTRICAL CPRI AGGREGATION
The Ekinops CPRI 10G muxponder solution (PM LMA) is a CPRI aggregator, offering a very flexible multiplexing capability
of up to 10 aggregation ports and 2 line ports. For instance, as shown in Example #1 you can — with a single EKINOPS
PM LMA — start backhauling today up to 4 CPRI option 3 signals and one Sync-E. Later, if the fronthaul requires additional
capacity, additional CPRI signals and Sync-E can be provisioned on the same PM LMA. Furthermore, a PM LMA can be
configured to fronthaul up to 9 CPRI option 3 signals in a dual 10G signal as shown in Example #2 :
Single 10G signal4xCPRI (2457.6 Mbit/s)
1x Sync-E (GbE)
Single 10G signal4xCPRI (2457.6 Mbit/s)
1x Sync-E (GbE)
9xCPRI (2457.6 Mbit/s)Dual 10G signal
Figure 8: The EKINOPS PM LMA addressing radio sites with different fronthaul capacities in a ring architecture
■ACTIVE SOLUTION | CPRI AGGREGATIONActive electrical CPRI aggregation allows use of fewer fibers and colors (either black and white, CWDM or DWDM) and offers
operators a more efficient use of their optical infrastructure.
Such an aggregation scheme does add jitter and delay to the CPRI streams but that can remain acceptable with respect to
the final RF carrier time deviation and delay budget.
Example #2
200
1 ch OA
DM
2 ch OADM 1 ch OADM
λ2 λ3
λ1
λ4
EthernetBackbone
CPRIports
Carrier Ethernet
Base Band Unit
BBU
Small siteS ll i
RRH
RRH
RRH
RRH
RRH
10G
200
Medium siteM di i
RRH
RRH
RRH
RRH
RRH
RRH
2x10G
200
Large siteL it
40G
200
RRH
RRHRRH
RRHRRH
RRHRRH
RRHRRH
Figure 7: Fronthaul Architecture using Active CPRI Aggregation
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E K I N O P S P R O P R I E T A R Y I N F O R M A T I O N : : A L L R I G H T S R E S E R V E D
Regarding mobile synchronization, the Sync-E port allows for carrying the frequency synchronization (required for 2G to 4G
standards) in a packet-based backhaul network.
If the PTP 1588v2 protocol is run to offer frequency and phase synchronizations (required by legacy LTE TDD, CDMA2000,
TD-SCDMA, WiMax [TDD], and the CoMP1 and MBSFN1 features of LTE-Advanced) the Sync-E signal offers a robust support to
phase synchronization when jointly used with the PTP 1588v2 protocol.
■ARCHITECTURES
2G
3G
3G/4G
Base Station
Node BCPRI Fronthaul
FE/GbE Backhaul
200
RRHRRH RRHRRH
RRHRRH
> The EKINOPS PM LMA addresses radio sites of different
capacities.
> It is Extended Temperature Range (ETR) capable (-40°C
to +65°C/-40°F to +149°) so compatible with other
elements of the ETR product range already available.
> Latency is 2 μs without FEC, 5 μs with FEC.
> Measured final RF carrier time deviation, at air interface,
is as low as -0.25 ppb (mean) with a standard deviation
of 5.12 ppb, while radio standards require a maximal
frequency deviation of 50 ppb (measured on a 4G site).
> Supported protocols at client interfaces: CPRI line
bit rate options 1 to 7 (614.4, 1228.8, 2457.6, 3072.0,
4915.2, 6144.0, and 9830.4 Mbit/s), Synchronous Ethernet
IEEE 1582v2.
> Optical interfaces of at client side: SFP+
> Line interfaces: SFP+, QSFP. Proprietary protocol.
No applicable standard.
■MIXED SCENARIOS
Thanks to its flexibility, the EKINOPS C200HC-ETR chassis
can also :
> Transport legacy Ethernet backhaul traffic from
already deployed base stations with aggregating
muxponders and transport fronthaul CPRI traffic
with the EKINOPS PM LMA.
> Both backhaul and fronthaul architectures are supported
in the same chassis.≥ Figure 10: Mixed scenarios
on the EKINOPS PM LMA
QSFP 4x10G carrying 18xCPRI9xCPRI
on the 1st EKINOPS PM-LMA
The two EKINOPS PM-LMA aredaisy-chained by electrical SFP jumpers
9xCPRIon the 2nd EKINOPS PM-LMA
Figure 9: EKINOPS PM LMAs addressing the different fronthaul (CPRI) and backhaul (FE/GbE) needsin a single 2RU chassis with space for a passive mux or OADM element
■ SYNCHRONIZATION
Example #3 ≥ shows how two EKINOPS PM LMA units
can be joined to offer a fronthaul capacity of up to 18 CPRI
option 3 signals.
In this case, each PM LMA individually gathers and aggregates
up to 9 CPRI option 3 signals.
The first PM LMA is tied to the second PM LMA by
electrical SFP jumpers. Then all the 18 CPRI option 3 signals
are aggregated by the second PM LMA at the line-side
QSFP port, providing a single and very convenient interface
of this massive fronthaul aggregation.
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E K I N O P S P R O P R I E T A R Y I N F O R M A T I O N : : A L L R I G H T S R E S E R V E D
■ EKINOPS PM_LMA
PLUGGABLE CPRI & SYNC-E MUXPONDER, LAST MILE AND FRONTHAUL AGGREGATOR
• CLIENT INTERFACE
Protocols Supported Protocols CPRI line bit rate options 1 to 7 (614.4, 1228.8, 2457.6, 3072.0, 4915.2, 6144.0 and 9830.4 Mbit/s), synchronous Ethernet IEEE 1582v2
Optical Interface SFP+
Number of Ports 10
• LINE INTERFACE
Protocol Proprietary
Optical Interfaces SFP+, QSFP
Number of Ports (Line) 2 when using SFP+, 1 when using QSFP
■ Multivendor compatibility Yes on client-side | No on line-side
■ Upgradability Yes (remotely)
■ MAIN OM/OADM PRODUCTS IN THE EKINOPS PORTFOLIOPRODUCT CODE DESCRIPTION
RM_OPR Optical Passive Rack, 1U, 2 cartridges capacity, ETR (-40°C to +65°C / -40°F to +149°F)
CM_Fiber Fiber tray for RM_OPR
CM_OM8-C2-ETR 8 Channel CWDM (1471-1611 nm) Mux, Bidirectional, Monitoring Taps,ETR (-40°C to +65°C / -40°F to +149°F)
CM_OM8-C2 8 Channel CWDM (1471-1611 nm) Mux, Bidirectional, Monitoring Taps
CM_OM8-C1-ETR 8 Channel CWDM (1271-1371 nm & 1431-1451 nm) Mux, Bidirectional,ETR (-40°C to +65°C / -40°F to +149°F)
CM_OM8-C1 8 Channel CWDM (1271-1371 nm & 1431-1451 nm) Mux, Bidirectional
CM_OM10-C1-ETR 10 Channel CWDM Mux (1271-1451 nm) Mux, Bidirectional,ETR (-40°C to +65°C / -40°F to +149°F)
CM_OM10-C1 10 Channel CWDM Mux (1271-1451 nm) Mux, Bidirectional
CM_OADM1H-C-ETR 1 Channel CWDM OADM "Add/Drop to/from Line", Bidirectional, ETR (-40°C to +65°C / -40°F to +149°F)
CM_OADM2H-C-ETR 2 Channel CWDM OADM “Add/Drop to/from Line“, Bidirectional, ETR (-40°C to +65°C / -40°F to +149°F)
CM_OADM4H-C-ETR 4 Channel CWDM OADM “Add/Drop to/from Line“, Bidirectional, ETR (-40°C to +65°C / -40°F to +149°F)
CM_OADM8H-C-ETR 8 Channel CWDM OADM “Add/Drop to/from Line“, Bidirectional, ETR (-40°C to +65°C / -40°F to +149°F)
>
■ Channels, number, types of interfaces:
EQUIPMENT DISCUSSED IN THIS DOCUMENT
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© E
KIN
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S.A
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2015
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Ekinops is a leading supplier of next generation optical transport equipmentfor telecommunications service providers. The EKINOPS360® addresses Metro,Regional, and Long-Haul applications with a single, highly-integrated platform.
Ekinops is a market-leading innovator in 100G transport with a coherent lineof products that truly optimizes optical networks and comes in 1RU, 2RU or7RU chassis. The EKINOPS360® relies on the highly-programmable Ekinops
T CHIP® (Transport-on-a-Chip) architecture that enables fast, flexible andcost-effective delivery of new services for high-speed, high-capacity transport.Using the EKINOPS360® carrier-grade system, operators can simply increasecapacity of their networks — CWDM, DWDM, Ethernet, ESCON, Fiber Channel,SONET/SDH, and uncompressed video (HD-SDI, SD-SDI, ASI).
▼
ABOUT EKINOPS
>
■ MAIN OM/OADM PRODUCTS IN THE EKINOPS PORTFOLIOPRODUCT CODE DESCRIPTION
CM_OADM1-C-ETR 1 Channel CWDM OADM, Bidirectional, ETR (-40°C to +65°C / -40°F to +149°F)
CM_OADM2-C-ETR 2 Channel CWDM OADM, Bidirectional, ETR (-40°C to +65°C / -40°F to +149°F)
CM_OADM4-C-ETR 4 Channel CWDM OADM, Bidirectional, ETR (-40°C to +65°C / -40°F to +149°F)
CM_OADM8-C-ETR 8 Channel CWDM OADM, Bidirectional, ETR (-40°C to +65°C / -40°F to +149°F)
CM_OM8-CSF-A-ETR 8 Channel Pairs CWDM Mux, A-Wavelengths labeled TX, Single Fiber,ETR (-40°C to +65°C / -40°F to +149°F)
CM_OM8-CSF-B-ETR 8 Channel Pairs CWDM Mux, B-Wavelengths labeled TX , Single Fiber,ETR (-40°C to +65°C / -40°F to +149°F)
CM_OADM1H-CSF-A-ETR 1 Channel Pair CWDM OADM “Add/Drop to/from Line“, (Pair 5), Adds A lambda , Drops B-lambda, Single Fiber, ETR (-40°C to +65°C / -40°F to +149°F)
CM_OADM1H-CSF-B-ETR 1 Channel Pair CWDM OADM “Add/Drop to/from Line“, (Pair 5), Adds B lambda , Drops A-lambda, Single Fiber, ETR (-40°C to +65°C / -40°F to +149°F)
CM_OADM2H-CSF-A-ETR 2 Channel Pair CWDM OADM “Add/Drop to/from Line“, (Pairs 5-6), Adds A lambdas , Drops B-lambdas,Single Fiber, ETR (-40°C to +65°C / -40°F to +149°F)
CM_OADM2H-CSF-B-ETR 2 Channel Pair CWDM OADM “Add/Drop to/from Line“, (Pairs 5-6), Adds B lambdas , Drops A-lambdas, Single Fiber, ETR (-40°C to +65°C / -40°F to +149°F)
CM_OADM4H-CSF-A-ETR 4 Channel Pair CWDM OADM “Add/Drop to/from Line“, (Pairs 5-8), Adds A lambdas , Drops B-lambdas,Single Fiber, ETR (-40°C to +65°C / -40°F to +149°F)
CM_OADM4H-CSF-B-ETR 4 Channel Pair CWDM OADM “Add/Drop to/from Line“, (Pairs 5-8), Adds B lambdas , Drops A-lambdas, Single Fiber, ETR (-40°C to +65°C / -40°F to +149°F)
CM_OADM1-CSF-ETR 1 Channel Pair CWDM OADM starting Pair 5, Single Fiber, ETR (-40°C to +65°C / -40°F to +149°F)
CM_OADM2-CSF-ETR 2 Channel Pairs CWDM OADM starting Pair 5, Single Fiber, ETR (-40°C to +65°C / -40°F to +149°F)
CM_OADM4-CSF-ETR 4 Channel Pairs CWDM OADM starting Pair 5, Single Fiber, ETR (-40°C to +65°C / -40°F to +149°F)
■
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CONTACT
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