Solids AMORPHOUS- THOSE WITH MUCH DISORDER IN THEIR STRUCTURE. CRYSTALLINE- HAVE A REGULAR...
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Transcript of Solids AMORPHOUS- THOSE WITH MUCH DISORDER IN THEIR STRUCTURE. CRYSTALLINE- HAVE A REGULAR...
SolidsAMORPHOUS- THOSE WITH MUCH DISORDER IN THEIR STRUCTURE.CRYSTALLINE- HAVE A REGULAR ARRANGEMENT OF COMPONENTS IN THEIR STRUCTURE.
Ionic solids have ions at the points of the lattice. Ex: NaCl
Ionic Solids
Characteristics: Held together by strong electrostatic forces
a) the greater the charges of the ions, the greater the electrostatic forces.
EX: CaCl2 vs NaCl
b) The smaller the ions the greater the attraction.
EX: KBr vs. LiF
Ionic Solids
Molecular solids have molecules at the points of lattice. EX: Ice, sugar
Held together by dipole-dipole, hydrogen bonding or London dispersion forces-Intermolecular forces
Molecular Solids
Have atoms at the points of their lattice
Atomic Solids
Three Types:1) Metallic Solids - metal atoms at the points of lattice.Free moving “sea” of valence electrons
Atomic Solids
2) Network covalent - Nonmetals at the points of lattice. Only a few examples even exist:
C (graphite), C (diamond), Si, SiO2
3) Noble Gases / Group 8A
Examples
Types of Solids Ionic solids (ionic compounds - salt) ions at points in lattice
Molecular solids (molecular compounds - sugar) covalently bondedmolecules at each point in lattice
Atomic solids (metals, nonmetals, noble gases) metallic– delocalized covalent bondingnetwork – strong covalent bondingGroup 8A –London Dispersion Forces
1. London dispersion forces (LD)2. Dipole-dipole forces3. Hydrogen bonding4. Ionic compounds 5. Metallic6. Network covalent