Solid Waste

Management in

Singapore2nd Regional 3R Forum in Asia

Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

4 - 6 October 2010

Christopher LeeSenior Engineer

National Environment AgencySingapore

Outline

•• Overall Solid Waste SituationOverall Solid Waste Situation

•• Waste Management StrategiesWaste Management Strategies

OutcomeOutcome•• OutcomeOutcome

•• FutureFuture

•• ConclusionConclusion

TopicSingapore –A highly urbanized and densely populated city state

Land area : 710 sq km

Population : 5.08 million

Reduce Waste at Source

- (SPA)

Closing The Waste LoopClosing The Waste Loop

Collection

Towards Zero Landfill; Towards Zero Waste

Land Filling

Non-incinerable

waste

408 t/d - (2%)

Ash Recycled

9548 t/d -

Land Re-use

Waste-to-Energy

6,795 t/d - (41%)

Total Waste Generated -16,751 t/d

(Residential, Commercial, Trade and Industry

Premises)Energy & Scrap Metal

1,670 t/d

Recycling

9548 t/d -(57%)

Waste-to-Resource

- IBA Recycling

WTE

Waste Minimisation

The Singapore Packaging Agreement The Singapore Packaging Agreement jointly developed by Government, jointly developed by Government, Industry & NGOs; Industry & NGOs; w.e.fw.e.f. 1 Jul 07.. 1 Jul 07.

Minimise waste at sourceMinimise waste at source

� Design/Use less packaging

� Use packaging that can be recycled

Industry & NGOs; Industry & NGOs; w.e.fw.e.f. 1 Jul 07.. 1 Jul 07.

Signatories:

• Food and Beverage Industry

• NGOs

• Waste Management & Recycling Association of Singapore

• Public Waste Collectors

IKEA and NUS IKEA and NUS charges for plastic charges for plastic bagsbags--5 to 10 cents per bag5 to 10 cents per bag

--80% reduction in plastic 80% reduction in plastic bag consumptionbag consumption

Waste Minimisation

NTUC NTUC Fairprice’sFairprice’s Green Rebate Green Rebate SchemeScheme

-10-cent rebate for customers who bring their own bags with purchase of at least $10

-Given out more than $600,000 in rebates and saved more than 43 million plastic bags.

RecyclingPublic Education & Community Public Education & Community ParticipationParticipation

� School Recycling Corner Programme (100%) � Annual Recycling Week

• Residents, Companies, Schools, Grassroots organizations, Government agencies, and Non-Governmental Organisations

• Launched 3R booklet cum exhibition

• Recognition to communities• Recognition to communities

• E-waste take back

RecyclingDomestic and Trade WasteDomestic and Trade Waste

••Provide infrastructure for recycling Provide infrastructure for recycling �National Recycling Programme- all households have access to recycling receptacles (bins/bags)�4,100 public recycling bins

•63% of households participate

Recycling

Industrial and Commercial Waste Industrial and Commercial Waste Recycling:Recycling:

• Wood (207,400 tonnes, 72% recycled)• Horticultural Waste (93,500 tonnes, 39%)• Used Slag (418,600 tonnes, 99%)• C & D Waste (1,150,700 tonnes, 98%)• C & D Waste (1,150,700 tonnes, 98%)• Ferrous Metal (806,200 tonnes, 92%)

Recycling of Horticultural Waste

Recycled Productsfrom Wood Waste Food waste recycling

Recycling of C & D Waste

Incineration

CostCost--effective disposaleffective disposal in landin land--scarce situations:scarce situations:� volume of refuse can be reduced by 90%

- only 10% landfill space required

� energy can be recovered for power generation� scrap metal can be recovered for recycling

Incineration

TuasIncineration

Plant

Senoko Waste-to-Energy Plant

Tuas South Incineration

Plant

Keppel SegghersWaste-to-

Energy Plant

Year Commissioned

1986 1992 2000 2009

Capital Cost 160 Capital Cost($million)

200 560 890160

(Estimated)

Designed Capacity

(tonnes/day)1,700

2,100(Contracted)

3,000800

(Contracted)

Daily Average Waste Disposed

5,700

7,700

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

Tonnes Per Day 2001

7,200

2009

Recycling helped to reduce the amount of

Year

1,200

2,600

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

reduce the amount of waste disposed

Landfilling

•Commenced operations on 1 Apr 99

•Cost : $610 million

•Area : 350 ha

•Capacity : 63 million m3

21

Landfill OperationLandfill Operation

3 4

Sport Fishing Bird Watching

Recreational Activities

Inter-tidal Walk Star Gazing

Outcome

57

SGP 2012 Target

Sustainable Singapore Blueprint Target: 65% by 2020 and 70% by 2030

Outcome

Reduction in per capita domestic waste disposed

Outcome

• Lifespan of Semakau Landfill

Estimated extension from 25 - 30 years to 35 - 40 years

• Need for new incineration plant• Need for new incineration plant

Estimated extension from 5 - 7 years to

10 - 15 years

Future

• Achieving Sustainable Singapore Blueprint targets of 70% overall recycling rate by 2030

- Looking into new measures to improve overall - Looking into new measures to improve overall

recycling - Targeting specific waste streams with low recycling rate

Future

• Reducing Waste to landfill

- Recycling of Incineration Bottom Ash

- Successful trial use in road construction- CBA study in progress

IBA from incineration plant Processing of IBACompleted Road-base with IBA

Conclusion

• Extend lifespan of Semakau Landfill for as long as possible

• Reduce the need for new waste-to-energy plantsplants

• Sustain efforts in minimising waste and increasing recycling to work:

����Towards Zero Landfill ����Towards Zero Waste

Thank you