SPES Target Group

Solid state laser systemfor the SPES RIB project

(classic and novel approaches)

Daniele ScarpaINFN-LNL

SPES Target Group

Overview

- Introduction- The SPES layout & devices

- TIS R&D activities-Laser R&D activities- Final remarks.

SPES Target Group

SPES Infra-structures Phases

Artistic View of the facility

Level 0

Level -1

Phase b Beam Selection & Post Acceleration

Phase a Cyc & ISOL Facility

50 x 50 m2

Phase g d Applications Facility

25 x 50 m2

SPES Target Group

The SPES main devicesDriver:

‘Commercial’ cyclotronPost Accelerator:

Piave- Alpi existing complex

ALPI

PIAVE

Production Target:

NEW CONCEPT

(Multi-foil UCx target)

Target-Ion Source Complex:- optimized for 8kW beam power

- Eproton = 40 MeV for RIB

- 1013 fission/s.

RIB manipulation stage

- Mass Separator (WF)- Beam Couler

- HRMS- Charge Breeder

- RFQ

SPES Target Group

The TIS R&D activities

SPES Target Group

The TIS SPES LaboratoriesHT LNL Lab Test Bench LNL Lab

Carbide Chemistry LNL Lab

UCx Chemistry PADOVA Lab

Laser PAVIA Lab New ‘class A’ LNL Lab

SPES Target Group

The SPES off-line Front end

40 kV platform

SPES Target Group

Surface Ion source

1 2H He

3 4 5 6 7 9 10Li Be B C N O F Ne

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr

37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe

55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn

87 88 89 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112Fr Ra Ac Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt

8

Not extracted

Surface Ionization Method

Laser beam

Laser with SIS

Photo Ionization Method

Plasma Ionization Method

RIB ionization methods:

Main fission (p-> 238U) fragmentsPlasma Ion source

Selective method

Very selective method

nonselective method

SPES Target Group

Target and Ion Sources

ionizing cavity

connector

plate

support

thermal screen

Hot cavity:- Optimized for Surface Ionization (Re inner surface)- Optimized for Laser Ionization (Ta, naked)

> The Surface Ion Source (SIS) adopted for the SPES facility

SPES Target Group

Target and Ion Sources> The Plasma Ion Source (PIS) adopted for the SPES facility

Starting configurationHybrid MK5 (CERN) – EBPIS (ORNL)

SPES Target Group

1) Commissioning

2015: Delivery of infrastructure2015-2016 Commissioning of subsystem

2) Operational-> 2017 : 40 MeV Cyclotron

- 2017 I = 5 μA, UCx (13 mm) ; (SIS) : Rb e Cs- 2018 I= 50 μ A, SiC (40 mm full scale); (PIS-LIS): Al- 2019 I= 150 μ A, UCx (40 mm full scale); (LIS): Sn

SPES ROAD MAP

SPES Target Group

Aluminum laser ionizationTwo step, one color ionization path: Al [308.216;308.216 e−] Al+

λ

λ

First step:Resonant λ =308,216 nm

Second step:Non – resonanttowards continuum same wavelengthλ =308,216 nm

Typical transition linewidth

Pavia Dye Laser Laboratory

SPES Target Group

2010: Neodimium laser ionizationThree step, two color ionization path:

Pavia Dye Laser Laboratory

5900 A

5970 A

5888 Afast signal (first wavelength fixed @ 588,806 nm)

SPES Target Group

For off-line facilities or where typical laser system – hot cavity distance is ≈ 1-5 m

a possible solution: Fiber optics

Optical fiber 3 in 1:optimal spatial overlapEasy final alignmentUp to 1mJ in each 200um. fiber (pulse 15 ns.)Bad final beam collimation (but ok for short distance)

Each laser enters in 200 um core fiber

SMA-SMA connection:3 x 200 um into 1 x 600 um

+

2012: Combination of laser beam

WP03

Pavia Dye Laser Laboratory

SPES Target Group

LPX200 XeCl excimer laser

Laser test at LNL with excimerAluminum ionization with a single wavelength

Laser beam

Pulse. 15 ns λ=308 nm

Al photo ionization

The laser beam shape is focalized into hot cavityof 3 mm. diameter and 6 m. far away

Hot Cavity Laser beam(phosphorescence on plastic dump)

Need of NEW TUNABLE

Solid State Laser System

for other elements

Laser Ioniza

tion!!!

SPES Target Group

Beam for SPESAccording with the letters of intent

So far, 24 LoI’s received for reaccelerated RIB

SPES Target Group

1) Commissioning

2015: Delivery of infrastructure2015-2016 Commissioning of subsystem

2) Operational-> 2017 : 40 MeV Cyclotron

- 2017 I = 5 μA, UCx (13 mm) ; (SIS) : Rb e Cs- 2018 I= 50 μ A, SiC (40 mm full scale); (PIS-LIS): Al- 2019 I= 150 μ A, UCx (40 mm full scale); (LIS): Sn

SPES ROAD MAP

SPES Target Group

Tin in other facilities

λ E(banco)[uJ] E(target)[uJ] λ E(banco)[uJ] E(target)[uJ] λ E(banco)[uJ] E(target)[uJ]E0 300,9 21 4,5 286,42 1 0 254,7 0 0E1 811,4 85 15 811,62 150 0 454,9 0 0E2 823,5 250 50 823,67 150 0 0 0 0

T TargetFripDistanzaΦ Target 3 mm 3 mm

10 kHz 10 kHz 200 Hz15 m 7 m

CERN OAK-RIDGE Leuven

2300 °C 1700 °C 2000 °C

Power and wavelength considerations:

Contaminants considerations:Hot cavity high temperatures provides high rates of contaminants at first mass separator for 132Sn due to 132Cs. => Lower temperature for hot cavity => Engineering hot cavity materials (work functions) => Higher laser repetition rate

Doubling rep rate(@ same pulse energy)

Doublingion current

Doublingefficiency

SPES Target Group

Target and Ion Sources> New Laser Ion Source Developments

Laser ionization system requirements:Reference element: for Tin

Possible requirements: Bandwith:Base: 5 GHz (< 0,2 cm-1) ;Narrow: 1 GHz (< 0,04 cm-1)Energy per Pulse:> 50 uJ (UV < 300 nm) ;> 500uJ (fund)Pulse duration:20 < t < 30 nsFreq Rip:20 kHz

SPES Target Group

Target and Ion Sources> New Laser Ion Source Developments

Possible requirements: Bandwith:Base: 5 GHz (< 0,2 cm-1) ;Narrow: 1 GHz (< 0,04 cm-1)Energy per Pulse:> 50 uJ (UV < 300 nm) ;> 500uJ (fund)Pulse duration:20 < t < 30 nsFreq Rip:20 kHz

Laser ionization system requirements:Reference element: Al

SPES Target Group

Company custom proposal for SPES TiSa laser system

Ti:Sa tunable laser. Proposed specification.Repetition rate: 20 kHzWavelength: 690 – 950 nmOutput energy: 0.5 mJPulse duration: 15 nsPulse jitter: <1 nsLinewidth: 5-10 GHzNarrow line option: 1 GHz

Master Oscillator + Power Amplifier (MOPA)

SPES Target Group

Company alternative proposal for SPES laser system Master Oscillator + Power Amplifier (MOPA)

OPG Power AmplifierIn all cases where shorter pulses are accepted, (range < 1 nsec), the OPG concept may represent a valid practical approach: spectral properties are defined by the narrow band low power seeder and the beam quality is reasonably preserved by the OPG stage.

SPES Target Group

Conclusion

SPES Target Group

Letter of Intents: under discussion to select first-day-exp.

ISOL Target and Ion Source: working in off-line laboratory.

Layout for pre-acceleration: defined.

Authorizations ready for cyclotron operation.

Contract for cyclotron: signed November ‘10, final design accepted (June ’11), cyclotron under machining.

Building project: ready, financed (June ‘12), bid on the way.

Phase β and γ partially financed (July ‘12)

Starting of Laser System R&D

Expected ground breaking March 2013.

Current status and overview

SPES Target Group

Meanwhile…..New off-line laser lab in LNL under construction..

SPES

Labo

rator

y are

a

New Laser (o

ff-line) La

b

SPES Target Group

New off-line laser lab in LNL under construction..

Estimated end of works: March ‘13

Meanwhile…..

SPES Target Group

Laser R&D at LNL

- Beginning 2013:- Build of a new off-line solid state laser lab in LNL

- 2013 – 2017:- Measure and tests with solid state solutions at 20

kHz rep rate

- 2017:- First SPES beam laser ionization on-line

SPES Target Group

Thank you!

(Waiting for answers…)

SPES Target Group

1 Pump Laser:• Quanta System G.Y.L 101/102

Nd:YAG laser Impulse Energy up to 300mJ Repetition rate max 10Hz

Complete laser photoionization system structure

3 Tuneable Dye Laser :• Lambda Physik FL3002E and Lambda

Physik LPD3002E Bandwidth 0,2 cm-1

Repetition rate according to pump

complete 3λ ionization scheme

Since April 2010: the 3 tuneable laser are ON

Pavia Laser Laboratory Setup

SPES Target Group

Target and Ion Sources> Possible Italian partner for laser system developments

Bright Solutions S.r.l was founded in 1998 by group of laser scientists and industry experts withsignificant experience in diode-pumped solid state laser engineering.From the origin the Company’s activity was oriented towards the development of the state-of-the-art DPSS laser sources with a goals of superior efficiency, compactness and reliability.

SPES Target Group

Possible portfolio baseline for SPES laser projectCompany custom products brief history

2010 Widely Tunable Ti:Sa750-900 nm10 kHz ; 10 ns0.5 – 1 WApplication: In Vivo Medical Diagnostics (University of Arkansasfor Medical Sciences).

2010 CZMIL US Program(Coastal Zone Mapping and Imaging Lidar)Development of a custom laser source with 6mJ pulse energy in 2ns (3 MW) at 10 kHz.Two collinear laser beams, 35W at 532nm and 25W at 1064nm, are provided at laser output. The beam at 532nm detects the sea bottom, radiation at 1064nm detects the sea surface.

Several rugged units have been delivered, accumulating hundreds of flight hours each.