Solar System New

8/11/2019 Solar System New

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Do you think our planet is the only

place in the universe where there is

life?

Until 1995, astronomers had never

found a solar system like ours.

A solar system is made up of a star

surrounded by planets and other

objects.


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In 1995, astronomers found a planetorbiting (going around) a distant starlike our Sun.

Since then, they have found other solarsystems.

Astronomers now think that there aremany solar systems in the universe.

They do not know whether there is life

in any of these other solar systems.


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Our solar system is the one we

know the most about.

Sun is at its center. Our solar

system includes everything that

orbits around the Sun.

Planets, moons, asteroids, comets,

gas, and dust are all part of the

solar system.


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The Sun, like other stars, is a hot ball

of gas.

Hydrogen and helium are the main

gases in the Sun.

Almost all the energy in our solarsystem comes from the Sun.


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The Sun changes hydrogen into

helium to create light and heat.

These changes take place deepinside the Sun.


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Daytime temperatures on Mercurycan increase to 430 Celsius.

That is hot enough to melt somemetals!

Mercury gets so hot because it is so

close to the Sun

Earth is about three times fartherfrom the Sun.


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It really cools off at night on Mercury.

The temperature can drop as low as -180Celsius after the Sun goes down.

It also gets colder! It gets so cold partlybecause Mercury has almost noatmosphere.

An atmosphere is the gases around aplanet.

On Earth, the gases act like a blanketthat holds in heat.


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Venus is more like Earth in some

ways than any other planet.

It is almost the same size as Earth.

It is made mostly of rock and has an

atmosphere.

But Venus has no moon.


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Earth has just the right conditions

for life.

It is not too hot or too cold.

Earth has lots of liquid water and

an atmosphere (gases) that can

support life.


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Mars is a small, rocky planet much likeEarth. Pictures of the surface of Mars sentback by spacecraft look like deserts onEarth.

Mars is about half the size of Earth, but itsland area is about equal to Earths landarea.

Thats because Mars has no oceans.

Mars does have water, however, Some ofthe water is frozen in icecaps at theplanets north and south poles.


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Scientists also think there may be alot of water frozen underground.

A day on Mars is just a bit longer thana day on Earth.

Mars even has seasons!

Mars is much colder than Earth, on thewarmest summer days it gets up toabout 15 Celsius.


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You could never land a spacecraft onJupiter. Jupiter does not have a hardsurface.

Astronomers(scientists who studyspace) call Jupiter a gas giantbecause its made almost entirely ofgas.

From space, Jupiter looks striped.

The stripes are actually bands ofcolored clouds that circle the planet.


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Big storms rage in the clouds aroundJupiter.

The biggest storm is called the GreatRed Spot.

Three planets the size of Earth couldfit across the Great Red Spot. This

storm may have lasted for hundreds ofyears.

Deeper into the planet, the gas gets

thicker and heavier.


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Saturn is the second largest planet inour solar system, after Jupiter.

It is the sixth planet from the Sun.

Saturn is surrounded by spectacularrings.

Italian astronomer Galileo was the firstperson to see the rings around Saturn.

Galileo was looking at Saturn throughone of the first telescopes, in 1610.


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Uranus is a huge planet.

It is the third largest planet in the solar system,

after Jupiter and Saturn.

Uranus does not have a solid surface.

The planet is made up mostly of gas.

It has clouds made of methane ice high in the

atmosphere.

The clouds get thicker and thicker.

The thick clouds blend into a liquid ocean.


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Astronomers found Neptune by

watching the planet Uranus.

A German astronomer finally sawNeptune through a telescope in 1846.

Astronomers named the newly foundplanet Neptune after the ancient

Roman god of the sea


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Pluto is usually the farthest planet

from the Sun.

It goes around the Sun in an oval-

shaped path called an orbit.

It takes almost 248 Earth years forPluto to go around the Sun once.


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In the 1600s, the famous Italianscientist Galileo was the first person tolook at the Moon through a telescope.

He saw dark spots that he thoughtwere oceans.

Today, we know a lot more about theMoon.

We know that nothing lives on the

Moon, and there are no oceans.


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A star is a big ball of hot, glowing gas,mostly hydrogen and helium.

Stars give off heat, light, and otherkinds of energy.

A star has several layers.

The part at the center of a star iscalled its core.

A star shines because of its core.


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Microsoft Encarta kids, (2007).

Microsoft corporation


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