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Presented By:

Solar Energy for Buildings and Campuses

Dr. Sameer Maithel

National Workshop onGreen Buildings, Townships & Campuses:

Sustainable Development for Tomorrow

12th August 2010

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Greentech Knowledge Solutions Sustainable Energy Consulting

Design of energy-efficient buildings

Decentralized Renewable Energy Applications

Energy Efficiency in small enterprises

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Solar Energy Options for Buildings and Campuses

• Solar Water Heating

• Solar Photovoltaic

• Solar concentrators for cooking

and cooling

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Solar Water Heating

• Around 5 TWh of electricity is used for heating water in the residential buildings.

• Large quantities of electricity, liquid fuels, PNG is used for water heating in commercial buildings (hotels, hospitals, etc.)

• Typically, 60-90% of the water heating requirements can be met through solar energy in residential and commercial buildings

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Solar Water Heating

• Solar Water Heating Solutions exists

for

– Individual houses

– Multi-story housing

– Hotels, guest houses, canteens

– Hospitals

– Hostels

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Solar Water Heating

• Multi-Storey Housing

– More than 50 systems are in operation at

Bangalore, Pune, Gurgaon, Thane, etc.

– Oldest system is about 10 years old

– Several variations:

• Types of collectors

• Auxiliary heating

• Hot water supply loop

• Level of instrumentation

• Hot water management

• Quality of insulated pipe-lines and tanks, etc.

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Slide No.

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MULTI STOREY BUILDINGMULTI STOREY BUILDINGCENTRAL PARK CENTRAL PARK –– GURGAON GURGAON

Source: Synergysolar

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Installation of Multiple Small systems in Installation of Multiple Small systems in multistoried buildings multistoried buildings –– Option 1Option 1

Source: Synergysolar

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ILLUSTRATION ABOUT PLUMBING AND ILLUSTRATION ABOUT PLUMBING AND DISTRUBUTION OF HOT WATER DISTRUBUTION OF HOT WATER –– Option 2Option 2

Source: Synergysolar

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Solar Hot Water Management System

Source: Akson’s Solar

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Typical Cost-Benefit Analysis

• Location: Bangalore

• System Size: 93500 lpd

• No of flats: 993 Flats in 10 towers (G+18)

• System cost = Rs 1.7 crores (approx.)

• Pay-back period: 2-3 years

Source: Emvee Solar

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Typical Cost-Benefit Analysis

• Location: Gurgaon

• System Size: 32000 lpd

• No of flats: 8 towers x 32 flats = 256

flats

• System cost = Rs 71 lakhs

• Pay-back period: Around 3.5-5 years,

depending on the usage

Source: Haryana Housing Board

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Solar Photovoltaic

• Off-grid

– Streetlights

– Pumping

– Lighting of common areas

• Rooftop grid-interactive systems

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Solar PV System: Residential

• Common lighting fixture e.g. garden lights, parking lights etc

• Constant loads like small water Pumps.

• Solar inverters LED based Solar Street Light

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Grid-connected Rooftop Solar PV Systems

OMAX AUTOS- MANESAR (GURGAON)

• 2X100 kW roof top systems without battery bank installed in 2010

• Supplementary power source to reduce DG and grid requirement.

• In progress of dedicating certain constant loads to the system for the day-time by integrating a small battery bank to compensate the fluctuations.

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View of a 100 kW SPV system

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Cost Benefit -100 kW SPV

SystemCapacity 100 kW

Total Cost 2.5 Crore

Capital Subsidy Rs. 75 lakhs

Accelerated Depreciation

benefit (@80% for 2 years)

Rs. 28 lakhs

Expected annual output 150,000 kWh/annum

Expected Savings (Diesel) 35000 lt/annum

Rooftop area 1100 sq m (approx)

Pay-back period ( at

diesel@Rs.37/lt)

8.3 yrs (Approx)

Source: Omax Autos

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Solar Cooling

• Vapor Absorption Machine (VAM) provides cooling similar to centralized AC’s and requires heat instead of electricity as input.

• Solar thermal energy can be used to run VAM by using Solar collectors.

• Technology in India is in a nascent stage but few examples of proven results exists in India.

• Normally parabolic dishes are used as a solar collector but ETC can also be used easily.

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Solar Cooling

Source: Infosys

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Solar Cooling in Turbo Energy Ltd, Chennai

Source: Thermax

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Turbo Energy Ltd, Chennai

Solar Cooling:

• Solar parabolic reflectors: 60

• Size of reflector: 16 m2

• Total area of reflector: 960 m2

• Cooling Load targeted: 90 TR

(approx)

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Solar Cooking

Solar Steam based cooking

• Steam generated through solar

parabolic collectors can be utilized

for steam cooking.

• At most places in India, the system

can perform for more than 300

days/year.

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Schematic of Solar Steam

Cooking

Source: Thermax

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Case-Study of a Hostel

• No. of meals: 1000 meals per day

• Annual LPG Consumption: 1000 Commercial cylinder

• No. of Solar Collector dishes: 14 nos

• Total Investment: Rs. 27.2 lakh

• MNRE Subsidy: Rs. 11.2 lakh

• Savings: 567 cylinders/ annum

• Payback: 3-4 years

Source: Thermax

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Conclusions

• Solar energy in some form or other can be used in every building project.

• Several of the options like SWH are technically and commercially viable. Advances in technology, more choices and reduction in cost is expected for several solar solutions in coming years.

• Solar energy options needs to be explored and integrated during the early-design phase of a project and should be considered along with energy-efficiency options.

• Good system design requires a good understanding of the load, solar resource, technology, controls and operation and management aspects.

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Thank You !

sameer@greentechsolution.co.in

www.greentechsolution.co.in

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