Soil & Water Conservation Plan Template

For Small Scale Irrigation Scheme Development (version I)

January, 2017 Finfinne

Oromia Irrigation Development Authority (OIDA) &

Oromia Small Scale & Micro Irrigation Support Project (OSMIS)

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Soil & Water Conservation Activities Plan

1. Introduction

As well understood, the sustainability of Irrigation Infrastructures depends on conservation practices and watershed treatments of that area. However, these issues usual observed missed considerations and the schemes always seems under risk. As well stated in the PIDM documents considering it would be better to integrate any conservation issues and watershed treatments at early of the beginning.

Therefore; for the effectiveness of these schemes, one of the main activity is the preparation of appropriate Soil & Water Conservation Activities Plan at early stage. Based on this, this planning checklist/template is designed to collect some basic data, identify major problems, plan relevant activities, implement and Monitor and evaluate the progress made in accordance.

The working template has eleven sections as SWC plan:

1. Introduction 2. Objectives Soil & Water Conservation Plan(SWCP) 3. Responsible Institutions 4. General Information about the watershed in and around the command area 5. Problems Identification, Root causes & Possible Solutions for SWC Issues in the

command areas 6. Problems Analysis for SWC Issues in and around the command areas 7. Proposed Soil & Water conservation Activities Plan 8. Monitoring and Evaluation Mechanism 9. Benefit Analysis 10. Implementation Plan 11. Consensus and Approval committee

2. Objectives of Soil & Water Conservation Activities Plan (SWCP)

The purpose of this SWC activities plan is to detail work items that will be completed within the Period . The annual plan will provide a tool for SWCD staff and supervisors to evaluate program effectiveness. Therefore, the main objectives of SWCP are, but not limited to, stated as:

Identify potential existing problems and constraints together with priority ranking regarding Soil, & Water Conservation issues in & around command areas Propose the most relevant solutions for each identified problems/constraints; To ensure the sustainability of the selected schemes by providing appropriate SWCP/Watershed treatment

1.Introduction

2. Objectives Soil & Water Conservation Plan(SWCP)

3. Responsible Institutions

4. General Information about the watershed in and around the command area

5. Problems Identification, Root causes & Possible Solutions for SWC Issues in

the command areas

6. Problems Analysis for SWC Issues in and around the command areas

7. Proposed Soil & Water conservation Activities Plan

8. Potential Environmental Impacts of Irrigation Development

9. Monitoring & Evaluation Mechanisms

10. Benefit Analysis

11. Implementation Plan

12. Consensus and Approval committee

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To enhance the productivity of the command as well as the surrounding catchment through the practices of different SWC activities & optimize the use of natural resources (Soil & Water)

3. Responsible Institutions

The SWCP shall be prepared in collaboration with District IDA, District Agricultural office, District RLAUB office, DAs, IWUA & WS Committees. The owner of this plan is the beneficiaries of the scheme. About 5-10 members of watershed & IWUA-committees will be selected from head, middle and tail of the scheme for the development of this plan with the support and close supervision of IWUA management committees and relevant government and other institutions. The sub-committee is believed to consists a minimum of 30% Female.

Table 1 List of supporting institutions and responsible assigned experts

No Name Organization District Irrigation Development Authority (DIDA) Kebele Administration DA (Development Agent) IWUA Committees Watershed Committees

4. General Information about the watershed in and around the command areas

Under this part, all relevant information of the scheme such as location of the scheme, WS and Sub WS, size of the command area, status of land coverage of the command areas, hydrological data, Types of soil, LU system, existing SWC practices, ground water depth, agro climatic condition and catchment management practices & others will be thoroughly assessed. This basic information may also be obtained from the feasibility study of the scheme.

1. Name of the main Watershed --------------------------------------------Area covered ----------------------- 2. Name of Sub WS ---------------------------- Area covered -------------------------------------------- 3. Location of scheme: Zone______________District______________Kebele_______________ 4. Distance from zone -----------------and from district______ 5. Total command area_____________ 6. Beneficiaries. MHH____________FHH_________Total ____________ 7. Length of the main canal________________________ 8. Status of the watershed(Delineated/Not) ___________________________ 9. Extent of land coverage 1. Very Good 2. Good 3. Poor 10. Density & types of Vegetation cover___________________________________________

11. Mean Annual Rain fall (in mm) ______Mean Annual Temperature (oC)____________

12. Total Land holding size: Irrigated___________ Non Irrigated____________Total _______

Soil & Water Conservation Activities Plan

1. Introduction

As well understood, the sustainability of Irrigation Infrastructures depends on conservation practices and watershed treatments of that area. However, these issues usual observed missed considerations and the schemes always seems under risk. As well stated in the PIDM documents considering it would be better to integrate any conservation issues and watershed treatments at early of the beginning.

Therefore; for the effectiveness of these schemes, one of the main activity is the preparation of appropriate Soil & Water Conservation Activities Plan at early stage. Based on this, this planning checklist/template is designed to collect some basic data, identify major problems, plan relevant activities, implement and Monitor and evaluate the progress made in accordance.

The working template has eleven sections as SWC plan:

1. Introduction 2. Objectives Soil & Water Conservation Plan(SWCP) 3. Responsible Institutions 4. General Information about the watershed in and around the command area 5. Problems Identification, Root causes & Possible Solutions for SWC Issues in the

command areas 6. Problems Analysis for SWC Issues in and around the command areas 7. Proposed Soil & Water conservation Activities Plan 8. Monitoring and Evaluation Mechanism 9. Benefit Analysis 10. Implementation Plan 11. Consensus and Approval committee

2. Objectives of Soil & Water Conservation Activities Plan (SWCP)

The purpose of this SWC activities plan is to detail work items that will be completed within the Period . The annual plan will provide a tool for SWCD staff and supervisors to evaluate program effectiveness. Therefore, the main objectives of SWCP are, but not limited to, stated as:

Identify potential existing problems and constraints together with priority ranking regarding Soil, & Water Conservation issues in & around command areas Propose the most relevant solutions for each identified problems/constraints; To ensure the sustainability of the selected schemes by providing appropriate SWCP/Watershed treatment

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To enhance the productivity of the command as well as the surrounding catchment through the practices of different SWC activities & optimize the use of natural resources (Soil & Water)

3. Responsible Institutions

The SWCP shall be prepared in collaboration with District IDA, District Agricultural office, District RLAUB office, DAs, IWUA & WS Committees. The owner of this plan is the beneficiaries of the scheme. About 5-10 members of watershed & IWUA-committees will be selected from head, middle and tail of the scheme for the development of this plan with the support and close supervision of IWUA management committees and relevant government and other institutions. The sub-committee is believed to consists a minimum of 30% Female.

Table 1 List of supporting institutions and responsible assigned experts

No Name Organization District Irrigation Development Authority (DIDA) Kebele Administration DA (Development Agent) IWUA Committees Watershed Committees

4. General Information about the watershed in and around the command areas

Under this part, all relevant information of the scheme such as location of the scheme, WS and Sub WS, size of the command area, status of land coverage of the command areas, hydrological data, Types of soil, LU system, existing SWC practices, ground water depth, agro climatic condition and catchment management practices & others will be thoroughly assessed. This basic information may also be obtained from the feasibility study of the scheme.

1. Name of the main Watershed --------------------------------------------Area covered ----------------------- 2. Name of Sub WS ---------------------------- Area covered -------------------------------------------- 3. Location of scheme: Zone______________District______________Kebele_______________ 4. Distance from zone -----------------and from district______ 5. Total command area_____________ 6. Beneficiaries. MHH____________FHH_________Total ____________ 7. Length of the main canal________________________ 8. Status of the watershed(Delineated/Not) ___________________________ 9. Extent of land coverage 1. Very Good 2. Good 3. Poor 10. Density & types of Vegetation cover___________________________________________

11. Mean Annual Rain fall (in mm) ______Mean Annual Temperature (oC)____________

12. Total Land holding size: Irrigated___________ Non Irrigated____________Total _______

To enhance the productivity of the command as well as the surrounding catchment through the practices of different SWC activities & optimize the use of natural resources (Soil & Water)

3. Responsible Institutions

The SWCP shall be prepared in collaboration with District IDA, District Agricultural office, District RLAUB office, DAs, IWUA & WS Committees. The owner of this plan is the beneficiaries of the scheme. About 5-10 members of watershed & IWUA-committees will be selected from head, middle and tail of the scheme for the development of this plan with the support and close supervision of IWUA management committees and relevant government and other institutions. The sub-committee is believed to consists a minimum of 30% Female.

Table 1 List of supporting institutions and responsible assigned experts

No Name Organization District Irrigation Development Authority (DIDA) Kebele Administration DA (Development Agent) IWUA Committees Watershed Committees

4. General Information about the watershed in and around the command areas

Under this part, all relevant information of the scheme such as location of the scheme, WS and Sub WS, size of the command area, status of land coverage of the command areas, hydrological data, Types of soil, LU system, existing SWC practices, ground water depth, agro climatic condition and catchment management practices & others will be thoroughly assessed. This basic information may also be obtained from the feasibility study of the scheme.

1. Name of the main Watershed --------------------------------------------Area covered ----------------------- 2. Name of Sub WS ---------------------------- Area covered -------------------------------------------- 3. Location of scheme: Zone______________District______________Kebele_______________ 4. Distance from zone -----------------and from district______ 5. Total command area_____________ 6. Beneficiaries. MHH____________FHH_________Total ____________ 7. Length of the main canal________________________ 8. Status of the watershed(Delineated/Not) ___________________________ 9. Extent of land coverage 1. Very Good 2. Good 3. Poor 10. Density & types of Vegetation cover___________________________________________

11. Mean Annual Rain fall (in mm) ______Mean Annual Temperature (oC)____________

12. Total Land holding size: Irrigated___________ Non Irrigated____________Total _______

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To enhance the productivity of the command as well as the surrounding catchment through the practices of different SWC activities & optimize the use of natural resources (Soil & Water)

3. Responsible Institutions

The SWCP shall be prepared in collaboration with District IDA, District Agricultural office, District RLAUB office, DAs, IWUA & WS Committees. The owner of this plan is the beneficiaries of the scheme. About 5-10 members of watershed & IWUA-committees will be selected from head, middle and tail of the scheme for the development of this plan with the support and close supervision of IWUA management committees and relevant government and other institutions. The sub-committee is believed to consists a minimum of 30% Female.

Table 1 List of supporting institutions and responsible assigned experts

No Name Organization District Irrigation Development Authority (DIDA) Kebele Administration DA (Development Agent) IWUA Committees Watershed Committees

4. General Information about the watershed in and around the command areas

Under this part, all relevant information of the scheme such as location of the scheme, WS and Sub WS, size of the command area, status of land coverage of the command areas, hydrological data, Types of soil, LU system, existing SWC practices, ground water depth, agro climatic condition and catchment management practices & others will be thoroughly assessed. This basic information may also be obtained from the feasibility study of the scheme.

1. Name of the main Watershed --------------------------------------------Area covered ----------------------- 2. Name of Sub WS ---------------------------- Area covered -------------------------------------------- 3. Location of scheme: Zone______________District______________Kebele_______________ 4. Distance from zone -----------------and from district______ 5. Total command area_____________ 6. Beneficiaries. MHH____________FHH_________Total ____________ 7. Length of the main canal________________________ 8. Status of the watershed(Delineated/Not) ___________________________ 9. Extent of land coverage 1. Very Good 2. Good 3. Poor 10. Density & types of Vegetation cover___________________________________________

11. Mean Annual Rain fall (in mm) ______Mean Annual Temperature (oC)____________

12. Total Land holding size: Irrigated___________ Non Irrigated____________Total _______

13. Nature of land holding(irrigated) Rented/own _______________________________ 14. Major Existing Soils

Table 2: Major Existing Soils

No Locally identified Soil types

%age out of the total

Soil cracking characteristics

Soil depth Soil colors Others(if any)

15. Land use systems & land use types of the irrigation commend areas and surrounding catchments (Cultivated land, Covered by vegetation etc).

Table 3: Land use System, Types and Area Coverage

No Description/LUT Area(ha) Remark Cultivated land

Grass land

Forest land

16. Types of Existing SWC practices in the catchment areas & SSI commend areas (at District

level)

Table 4: SWC practices in and around Command area

Physical Biological Agronomic Remarks

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13. Nature of land holding(irrigated) Rented/own _______________________________ 14. Major Existing Soils

Table 2: Major Existing Soils

No Locally identified Soil types

%age out of the total

Soil cracking characteristics

Soil depth Soil colors Others(if any)

15. Land use systems & land use types of the irrigation commend areas and surrounding catchments (Cultivated land, Covered by vegetation etc).

Table 3: Land use System, Types and Area Coverage

No Description/LUT Area(ha) Remark Cultivated land

Grass land

Forest land

16. Types of Existing SWC practices in the catchment areas & SSI commend areas (at District

level)

Table 4: SWC practices in and around Command area

Physical Biological Agronomic Remarks

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17. Identify existing conflicts & Disputes regarding water use issues related to irrigations & possible measures

Table 5: Existing conflicts, Disputes and possible measures

Existing conflicts

Types of

conflicts

Frequency of conflict per year

Reason for conflict

Measures taken

Possible to resolve by whom

Remarks

Upper Stream Middle Stream Lower Stream

18. Current status of depth of Ground water table (in meter) __________ 19. Range of slopes

Table 6:: Nature of the slopes in the commend areas & the surrounding Catchment

Area(ha) Range of Slopes(%) 0-5 6-10 11-15 16-25 >25

Command Area Surrounding Catchment

20. Participation and strength of community watershed management committee during planning,

implementations, monitoring & catchment protection at district level (5. V. strong 4. Strong 3. Normal 2. Poor 1. Very poor)

5. Problems Identification, Root causes & Possible Solutions for SWC Issues

The following table will be used to identify the existing problems, Root causes and their degree of severity order. Here detail and in depth discussion as much as possible are important.

Table 7: Problem Identification, Extent & Root Causes of the Problems for SWC Plan

Problem Identification, Extent & Root Causes of the Problems No Major Existing Soil & Water

conservation Problems in & around scheme

Root Causes for the Problems

Degree of the Problems(Ranking). 1. Very Serious 2. Serious 3. Normal 4. Good condition 1 2 3 4

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6. Problems Analysis for SWC Issues in and around the command areas

In this section problems will be analyzed with their potential impacts. The degree & severity of the existing problems will be thoroughly discussed. Once it is analyzed in-depth and its impact is understood ranking can follow.

Table 8: Example of Problem analysis

No Main Problem/ Constraints

First level cause (why) Second level cause (Why for First level cause)

Effect/ Impact Rank

1 Soil Erosion -Decline in Land cover

-Poor conservation practices

-Erosion of top & productive soil -Poor Crop growth -Yield reduction both in terms of quality& quantity

2 Poor Irrigation Water

management -Over Irrigation -Lack of

awarness -Seepage, Welting, poor production, Salinization, siltation, etc

Table 9: Problem Analysis for SWC issues in and around the Command area

No Main Problem/ Constraints

First level cause (why)

Second level cause (Why for First level cause)

Effect/ Impact

Rank

7. Proposed Soil & Water conservation Activities Plan

The following table can be used for planning interventions for identified and prioritized constraints. The intervention will be more specific & reliable.

Table10: Proposed Soil & Water conservation Activities Plan

Proposed Soil & Water conservation Activities Plan No Identified

issues Proposed Activities Planned(What to do)

Unit Qty Planned time to accomplish

Responsible bodies

Tools Needed

Supplies Estimated Budget

17. Identify existing conflicts & Disputes regarding water use issues related to irrigations & possible measures

Table 5: Existing conflicts, Disputes and possible measures

Existing conflicts

Types of

conflicts

Frequency of conflict per year

Reason for conflict

Measures taken

Possible to resolve by whom

Remarks

Upper Stream Middle Stream Lower Stream

18. Current status of depth of Ground water table (in meter) __________ 19. Range of slopes

Table 6:: Nature of the slopes in the commend areas & the surrounding Catchment

Area(ha) Range of Slopes(%) 0-5 6-10 11-15 16-25 >25

Command Area Surrounding Catchment

20. Participation and strength of community watershed management committee during planning,

implementations, monitoring & catchment protection at district level (5. V. strong 4. Strong 3. Normal 2. Poor 1. Very poor)

5. Problems Identification, Root causes & Possible Solutions for SWC Issues

The following table will be used to identify the existing problems, Root causes and their degree of severity order. Here detail and in depth discussion as much as possible are important.

Table 7: Problem Identification, Extent & Root Causes of the Problems for SWC Plan

Problem Identification, Extent & Root Causes of the Problems No Major Existing Soil & Water

conservation Problems in & around scheme

Root Causes for the Problems

Degree of the Problems(Ranking). 1. Very Serious 2. Serious 3. Normal 4. Good condition 1 2 3 4

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6. Problems Analysis for SWC Issues in and around the command areas

In this section problems will be analyzed with their potential impacts. The degree & severity of the existing problems will be thoroughly discussed. Once it is analyzed in-depth and its impact is understood ranking can follow.

Table 8: Example of Problem analysis

No Main Problem/ Constraints

First level cause (why) Second level cause (Why for First level cause)

Effect/ Impact Rank

1 Soil Erosion -Decline in Land cover

-Poor conservation practices

-Erosion of top & productive soil -Poor Crop growth -Yield reduction both in terms of quality& quantity

2 Poor Irrigation Water

management -Over Irrigation -Lack of

awarness -Seepage, Welting, poor production, Salinization, siltation, etc

Table 9: Problem Analysis for SWC issues in and around the Command area

No Main Problem/ Constraints

First level cause (why)

Second level cause (Why for First level cause)

Effect/ Impact

Rank

7. Proposed Soil & Water conservation Activities Plan

The following table can be used for planning interventions for identified and prioritized constraints. The intervention will be more specific & reliable.

Table10: Proposed Soil & Water conservation Activities Plan

Proposed Soil & Water conservation Activities Plan No Identified

issues Proposed Activities Planned(What to do)

Unit Qty Planned time to accomplish

Responsible bodies

Tools Needed

Supplies Estimated Budget

8. Potential Environmental Impacts of Irrigation Development

Sustainability of irrigation projects depends on taking into consideration of potential environmental effects. Negative environmental impacts could have significant negative effect. Therefore, consideration of significant positive and negative impacts of irrigation related activities and identification of mitigation measures to minimize the negative and maximize the positive impact, is of proponent importance. The following tables are provided to analyze such inputs and mitigation measures.

Table 11: Problem Identification, Extent & Root Causes of Environmental issues

Problem Identification, Extent & Root Causes of the Problems No Environmental problems

observed in & around commend areas(eg)

Root Causes for the Problems

Degree of the Problems (Ranking). 1. Significant negatively 2. Non-significant 3. Significant Positive 1 2 3

Water Logging Salinity Sodicity…..

Table 12:Problem Analysis

No Main Problem/ Constraints(eg) First level cause (why)

Second level cause (Why for First level cause)

Effect/ Impact

Rank

Water Logging Seepage & Inefficient use of water

Poor Drainage construction

Shorten the life of canal,…….

Table 13: Proposed Environmental problems related Activities Plan

Proposed Environmental issues related Activities Plan No Identified issues Proposed Activities

Planned(What to do) Unit Qty Planned time to

accomplish Responsible bodies

Budget Required

8.Potential Environmental Impacts of Irrigation Development

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8. Potential Environmental Impacts of Irrigation Development

Sustainability of irrigation projects depends on taking into consideration of potential environmental effects. Negative environmental impacts could have significant negative effect. Therefore, consideration of significant positive and negative impacts of irrigation related activities and identification of mitigation measures to minimize the negative and maximize the positive impact, is of proponent importance. The following tables are provided to analyze such inputs and mitigation measures.

Table 11: Problem Identification, Extent & Root Causes of Environmental issues

Problem Identification, Extent & Root Causes of the Problems No Environmental problems

observed in & around commend areas(eg)

Root Causes for the Problems

Degree of the Problems (Ranking). 1. Significant negatively 2. Non-significant 3. Significant Positive 1 2 3

Water Logging Salinity Sodicity…..

Table 12:Problem Analysis

No Main Problem/ Constraints(eg) First level cause (why)

Second level cause (Why for First level cause)

Effect/ Impact

Rank

Water Logging Seepage & Inefficient use of water

Poor Drainage construction

Shorten the life of canal,…….

Table 13: Proposed Environmental problems related Activities Plan

Proposed Environmental issues related Activities Plan No Identified issues Proposed Activities

Planned(What to do) Unit Qty Planned time to

accomplish Responsible bodies

Budget Required

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Tel :- 011 126 2371 Tel : - 0113 72 57 13

Oromia Small Scale & MicroIrrigation Support Project

(OSMIS)

Oromia IrrigationDevelopment Authority (OIDA)

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Flow Direction