Soil responses to CTF at FB Parrish & Sonscontrolledtrafficfarming.com/downloads/parrish ctf soil...
Transcript of Soil responses to CTF at FB Parrish & Sonscontrolledtrafficfarming.com/downloads/parrish ctf soil...
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Soil responses to CTF at FB Parrish & Sons
- a project in progress!
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• CTF confines all tracks to least possible area of permanent traffic lanes
What is CTF?
– CTF is a traffic management system
– it’s not prescriptive about tillage
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Crop responses to CTF
0
5
10
15
20
25
% y
ield
loss
cf
wit
h C
TF
Crops
% loss in yield compared with controlled traffic by crop type
Barley
Oats
Peas
Potatoes
Sugar beet
Wheat
Onions
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Arndt and Rose, 1966
• “Excessive traffic necessitates excessive tillage”
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The more you run on it!
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the more fuel and time you waste!
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Conventional vs CTFTasmania, 2009
Conventional traffic
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Conventional vs CTFTasmania, 2009
CTF
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This is what CTF is trying to avoid!
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This bit looks good on top – but!
Compact layerZone of wetness above compact
layer
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Constituents of a soil
With acknowledgement to R.C. Palmer, Independent Soil Assessment [email protected]
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Practical demonstrations
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Extracting undisturbed sample at trafficked site
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Extracting undisturbed sample at site in CTF since 2009
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CTF RTF
2.1 g/ccwet BD
2.3 g/ccwet BD
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CTF RTF
Infiltration and drainage test
1 litre of water added to CTF, no ponding, most
drained in 150 s
1 litre of water added to RTF, 30 mm ponding, most water
away from surface in 300 s
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Danish workP. Schjønning et al, Aarhus University
Trafficked plots – pores > 0.3 mm
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Danish workP. Schjønning et al, Aarhus University
Non-trafficked plots – pores > 0.3 mm
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SOIL COMPACTION STUDY
Research funded by:
The Morley Foundation
Douglas Bomford Trust
The Chadacre Trust
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Existing systems –impossible to avoid damage
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Soil repair - subsoiling
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Benefits of subsoiling can be short-lived! Sandy loam
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0.000 0.500 1.000 1.500 2.000 2.500 3.000 3.500
De
pth
, cm
Penetration resistance, MPa
"As found"
1, CTF
11, WDT
2, WCT
4, TCT
3, WCT +WDT
10, TCT +WDT
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Clay soileven tracking in dry conditions can have a big effect!
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0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5
De
pth
, cm
Penetration resistance, MPa
1, CTF - 5 yrs
5, TCT
4, TCT+TCT
6, WComb
2, WComb+WCT
9, WT&T
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SubsoilingBenefits on heavy soils – but!
Large cavities can reduce root access to water
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Winter wheat yields (continuous)
Sandy loam soil, 2010
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Winter wheat yieldsClay soil, 2010
1, C
TF
2, W
com
b+W
CT
3, W
com
b+W
CT+
WD
T
4, T
CT+
TCT
5, T
CT
6, W
com
b
7, T
CT+
sub
8, W
com
b+s
ub
9, W
T&T
11
, WD
T
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
Equ
ival
en
t fi
eld
yie
ld, t
ha
-1
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RecommendationsSubsoiling
• Fissure rather than massively disrupt
– closer spaced less aggressive tines
• but make sure not below critical depth
• Adopt CTF after subsoiling
– ensure subsequent tillage operations fill wheel tracks
• Deal with grain harvester as and when necessary
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Cereals harvester
Trailer
Grain auger
Cereals harvester
Cultivator/drill
Chemical application
Onions and potatoes- some ideas, TwinTrac
Sown tracks Tramlines
Harvester Tractor
Max 6 m wide implements
Implement width = Track 1 + Track 2
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Practitioners TwinTrac system
1.93 m3.86 m
Tractor etc.Harvester
5.79 m TwinTrac CTF system
Trailer
Cereals harvster 5.79 m
Grain auger Cultivator/drill 5.79 m
28.95 m chemical application
Sown tracks
Tramlines
76% of area not tracked
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Andrew Manfield, UK200 ha Hessleskew
• CTF a way of thinking
• A lot of learning
– machine widths not true!
• 50% less fuel with CTF & No-till
– 5 tractors down to 3.5
– No no-till without CTF
• still some cults
• ploughing 2 gears up on CTF
• Potatoes being integrated
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Another TwinTrac option
5.18 m Claas 550 combine used at 4.8 m
4.8 m SimTech T-SEM universal drill
24 m SP chemical applicator
Data Tracked Uncropped
Percentage 26% 5%
1.8 m + 3.0 m track widths = 4.8 m implements
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The challenge – getting from this
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to this or better
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Your thoughts and ideas
16:00 – after next session and refreshments
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Farming the future withmachines from the past!
Tim Chamen
CTF Europe Ltd
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1855 “Guideway agriculture”
• Alexander Halkett:
– “the implements and their operation are always kept at a regulated height”
– “it enables ploughing, cultivating, sowing, hoeing, watering and reaping all capable of being performed”
– “as the seeds are sown with mechanical precision in lines, hoeing, trimming or watering can be carried out in between”
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“Guideway agriculture”
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Cotton Research Station, CAResearch gantries: USDA
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12 m cultivation with 100 hpResearch gantries: SRI
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Offset loadsResearch gantries: SRI
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Mounted lightweight rollsResearch gantries: SRI
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Twin ploughs with LH and RH bodiesResearch gantries: SRI
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4 m harvesterResearch gantries: SRI
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Dowler production m/c
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Less than 10% tracked area
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Dowler – next generation
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New moves are afoot!
• Many advantages compared with tractor systems
• Enhanced flexibility of operations and cropping
• Don’t dismiss out of hand
– they can be engineered to deliver!
• Register your interest on the “Wide Span” page at www.ctfeurope.eu