Ideas about Social Change came later than the other two disciplines

Structural-Functionalism was the main focus of Sociology during the early 20th century

Looked more at social structure rather than social change

Tried to indentify which social institutions influenced society

In early 20th century –when Social change happened it was the result of process of tension & adaptation

Tension & adaptation

When one part of the social system changes tension arises between that part and the rest.

Tension can’t last forever so...members of society will seek to reduce tension by adapting other aspects of society

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Accumulation

Growth as a result from human knowledge from generation to generation

A new development emerges onto society

Can be knowledge, belief, fashion or thousands of other new developments

Two things influence the spread (diffusion) of new innovations into society

Who adopts it

Who speaks in favour of it

Immanuel Wallerstein Focus on the nature

international trade and economics

Challenged the idea that many nation remained poor do to lack of effective leadership

Argued that it was capitalism that made western nations rich not colonialism

Countries in Western Europe were in the core of the capitalism system and therefore became rich

Countries that exported resource and had little to no economic investment into the country are referred to as on the periphery and remained poor

Poorer countries that make some economic improvement are referred to as on the semi-periphery

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Rapid writing

What expression do you use?

Do you use slang?

When do you choose to use them?

Do you use swear words?...

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Specialized on communication patterns and the technologies that they rely on

People tend to communicate better with people they have something in common with - discourse

Smith examined the difference in the ways we communicate depending on groups we are with.

Smith argued that the effects of certain discourse limited women’s position in society

People communicate ideas and values through symbols, movie roles , paintings, photographs....

Smith argued it is important to understand textual discourse when trying to engineer social change.