1. a) Describe the situations and lang. choose to use:- FAMILY: addressees are parents, elderly people VietnameseYounger sister/ brother Vietnamese + English SCHOOL: addressees are professors/lecturers use English most of the time/ during the lesson but with formal style; use Vietnamese when needed or when discuss about private things like consulting but with less formal styleAddressees are friends use informal Vietnamese in most of situations Use informal English when discussing something, practicing English because of intimacy Use formal English when making presentation in front of class to show respectAddressees are the staffs of university use formal Vietnamese when want to get approval of some requirements, paperwork WORKPLACEAddressees are pupils use English during the lesson time when explaining something to pupils or chatting to practice English Use Vietnamese when chatting in the break-time or explain something that is too hard for pupils to understand in EnglishAddresses are colleges use Vietnamese most of timeUse informal English in some cases like practicing English or want to talk about something that cant be said in VietnameseAddressees are managers use formal Vietnamese most of the timeAddressees are the interviewers when having the first interview to get the job use formal Vietnamese if they ask questions in VietnameseUse formal English when they ask in English or to show my abilityAddressees are other teachers use Vietnamese when talking to Vietnamese teacher after classUse English when talking with foreign teachers CAF: addressees are foreign waiters in luxurious places use EnglishAddressees are Vietnamese waiters use Vietnamese OCCASIONS like weddings, funerals: use formal Vietnamese OFFICE: addressees are official use formal Vietnamese to inquire about the processing of something or to get the driving license or get the approval of some kinds of certificate On the STREET: addressees are police officers use formal Vietnamese to get the sympathy or to show respect to themb) Reasons to use one code instead of another Social factors: who I am taking to, the social context of the talk, the function and topic of the discussionBecause it is easier to discuss a particular topic, regardless of where people are speaking. When both participants share more than one variety, then other factors will contribute to the appropriate choice. The social distance dimension is relevant How well they know each other? Are they strangers, friends, or brothers? The status relationship between people may be relevant in selecting appropriate code Social role may also be important and this is often a factor contributing to status differences between people. Typical role relationships are teacher-pupil, official-citizen Features of the setting and the dimension of formality may be also important at a formal ceremony, the appropriate variety will be different from that used afterwards even at the same place. Another relevant factor is the function or goal of the interaction. What is the lang. being used for? Is the speaker asking a favour or giving orders to someone?

2. a. YES, I encourage students to use another language in my language room

b. Allow it when: The only situation in which code-switching would be allowed would be when students need extra help and that would mean that code-switching could only be from English into the schools language of instruction explaining grammatical points, explaining new words and checking for understanding were the three most popular situations. However, these situations should not be fixed. Instead, they could be changed according to the context of a specific class.

c. Discourage it when: + The frequency of teachers use of Vietnamese depends on a lot of things such as students levels of English, aims of the lesson and duration of the class. In Vietnam, the English levels of the students in the same class are not the same; therefore using some Vietnamese in ELT is useful for the weaker students. If there is plenty of work that has to be finished in a short-time class, I may use Vietnamese more than usual.

3. Code-switching and Code-mixing in multilingual society:a. Code: b. Code-switchingc. Code-mixingd. The place of CS and CM in multilingual society: to make communication possible between different cultures and language groups; for effective communication and to accommodate other language use in conversations with different people at different levels; to emphasise or confirm something.8. - Multilingual: +Vietnamese: national language for political purposes+French: colonized VN+Russia: help Vn in war+Chinese: neighbor country, invaded VN for 1000 years20. Should there be a special institution in each country to oversee the codification and development of language? Who should be in this institution and what should the role of the government be? Participants: Linguists Governors Representatives of the peopleRoles of the government: Issuing laws or policies to direct the development of the language, so that linguists know which directions they should go, what they are required Observing Funding23. Should all students be made to learn an Aboriginal or minority language? If so, which? Yes, students should be made to learn Aboriginal language apart from their national language. Reasons: Aboriginal language is the language of native people To maintain the values It is difficult for the people to show pride in those languages. 25. If you are asked to hire an English teacher to teach in your country, which of the following would you hire assuming that they are all equal in all aspects?: Teacher from England, your own country, New Zealand, India, Nigeria, Japan, Canada, USA, Australia, Singapore, and Thailand. Give your reasons for your choice. USA- reasons: English is national language of the USA. USA is a multicultural country, thus, an English teacher from USA can be influenced by different accents26. If you are given the choice to select two languages to be taught as foreign languages in your country, which two would you choose and what are the reasons for your choice? English: The international language for a long time Many countries use language as their second language: Philippines, Canada Chinese: Chinese has the largest number of speaker around. Neighboring country knowing the language can encourage economic interactions.