Society and Culture

Ushio MiuraProgramme Specialist,

Education Policy and Reform Unit, UNESCO Bangkok

Bangkok OfficeAsia and Pacific RegionalBureau for Education

United NationsEducational, Scientific and

Cultural Organization

Drivers of Change and Shifting Trends in Education in Southeast Asia

SEAMEO Consultation and Workshop on Post-2015 Education Scenariosand Post-EFA Education Agenda in Southeast Asia28-30 January 2014, Chiang Mai, Thailand

Asia-Pacific Consultation on Education

Asia-Pacific Expert

Meeting Beyond 2015

Rethinking Learning in a

Changing World

MarchFebruary 2013November

2012

Global Consultation on Education

Asia-Pacific Expert Meeting

Towards EFA 2015 and Beyond

Shaping a New Vision for Education

The World We Want global consultations

October

Asia-Pacific Expert

Meeting Beyond 2015 Transforming Teaching and

Learning

May 2012High-Level Panel

Report

UN Secretary- General’s

Report

May July

UNESCO General

Conference

November

SDSN Report

June

Some Milestones So Far

Open Working Group on Sustainable Development Goals

• Diversity

• Change

Language Diversity

Source : SIL International(2003), Available at http://www.ethnologue.com/world-region/south-eastern-asia

Country Number of Languages

Brunei Darussalam 15

Cambodia 24

Indonesia 719

Lao PDR 86

Malaysia 140

Myanmar 117

Philippines 185

Singapore 24

Thailand 76

Timor-Leste 20

Vietnam 110

Source: IOM (2012) ‘Global estimates and trends’, Facts and figures. Available at: http://www.iom.int/jahia/Jahia/about-migration/facts-and-figures/lang/en; UNDP (2009) Human Development Report 2009 – Overcoming barriers: Human Mobility and development.

<Origin and destination of international migrants, circa 2000>

Mobility & Migration

Demographic ChangesPopulation Projections (absolute numbers),

1950-2100

Source: UN-DESA Population Division (2011)

Source: UN ESCAP (2011), Statistical Yearbook for Asia and the Pacific Available at www.unescap.org/stat/datat/syb2012.

Demographic Changes (0-14)

1990 1995 2000 2005 20110

10

20

30

40

50

60

Brunei DarussalamCambodiaIndonesiaLao PDRMalaysiaMyanmarPhilippinesSingaporeThailandTimor-LesteViet Nam

(Year)(%)

Emerging trends The need for• Rapid, dynamic economic growth• More middle and high-income

countries• Regional integration (e.g. ASEAN

Economic Community)• Technological advances• Changing economic and labour

structures• Shifting geo-politics• Changing population dynamics• Pressures on natural resources• Environmental degradation and

disasters• Conflicts

• Education systems to adapt• ‘Transversal’ and 21st century skills• Lifelong learning to support

learners to continue to explore and master new skills throughout life

• Training also for non-existing jobs• Preparing students for migration• Learning beyond the classroom

e.g. via ICTs• Various pathways to learning• Leveraging cultures, value

systems, languages and traditions

Implications for Education

Shifts in approaches to teaching and learning in Asia-Pacific

• From teacher-centred approaches to learner-centred approaches.

• From examination oriented teaching and learning to whole person development.

• From textbook dominated classrooms to multi-media/source/method learning environment.

• From subject-based knowledge only to the inclusion of skills for life and lifelong learning.

• From national relevance only to local and global relevance also.

Regional High-Level Expert Meeting Beyond 2015: Transforming Teaching and Learning in the Asia-Pacific Region Outcome Statement, http://www.unescobkk.org/fileadmin/user_upload/epr/ERF/Conference_docs/Expert_Meeting_Oct_2013/Outcome_statement_of_Part_A_of_the_Meeting.pdf

From uniformity to diversity.

Asia and the PacificRegional Consultation on Education in the Post-

2015 Development Agenda

• Lifelong learning should be considered a key, guiding principle.

• Equitable and inclusive access to quality learning should be ensured for all at all levels.

• Education systems should enable all children, young people and adults to participate actively and responsibly in their communities and in the interconnected and globalizing world.

Key Messages

UNESCO General Conference on Education Post-2015

• Access• Equity• Quality• Lifelong Learning

Key Concepts

Global Citizenship Education“Global citizenship education aims to empower learners to engage and assume active roles both locally and globally to face and resolve global challenges and ultimately to become proactive contributors to a more just, peaceful, tolerant, inclusive, secure and sustainable world.”

Global Citizenship Education: An Emerging Perspective http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0022/002241/224115E.pdf

• UNESCO International Forum on Global Citizenship Education: Preparing learners for the challenges of the 21st Century, Bangkok, 2-4 Dec. 2013

• Cross-country study analyzing how countries in the Asia-Pacific region are promoting the concepts of peace and diversity through their education systems, 2014

Education forSustainable Development

UNertia campaignhttp://joinunertia.org/

World Conference on Education for Sustainable DevelopmentAichi-Nagoya, Japan, 10-12 November 2014

Stakeholder MeetingsOkayama, Japan, 4-8 November 2014

http://www.unesco.org/new/en/unesco-world-conference-on-esd-2014/

Transversal Competencies/21st Century Skills

• Research into integrating transversal competencies in education policy and practice(http://www.unescobkk.org/education/epr/epr-partnerships/eri-net/eri-net-seminar-2013-oct/)

• Regional/comparative research study on assessment of transversal competencies

• Policy workshop on good practices in assessment of transferable skills in TVET with SEAMEO VOCTECH, March 2014 (tentatively)

Inclusive Education

http://www.unescobkk.org/resources/e-library/publications/article/promoting-inclusive-teacher-education/

http://www.unescobkk.org/education/inclusive-education/resources/ilfe-toolkit/

Multilingual Education

International Conference on Language and Education: Multilingual Education for All in Asia and the Pacific, Bangkok, 6-8 Nov 2013http://www.lc.mahidol.ac.th/mleconf2013/program.htm

Why Language Mattershttp://www.unescobkk.org/resources/e-library/publications/article/why-language-matters-for-the-millennium-development-goals-1/

International Mother Language Day21 February 2014

Flexible Learning Strategies

http://www.unescobkk.org/resources/e-library/publications/article/flexible-learning-strategies-for-out-of-school-children-and-youth-brochure

http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0022/002233/223325E.pdf