Social sustainability: what is it and how can we measure it? · “Social sustainability describes...
Transcript of Social sustainability: what is it and how can we measure it? · “Social sustainability describes...
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CAN WE BUILD PLACES WHERE PEOPLE ARE HAPPIER?
Social sustainability: what is it and how can we measure it?
Professor Tim Dixon, School of Construction Management & Engineering
17 July 2013
(With acknowledgements to Nicola Bacon, Social Life & Matt Bell, Berkeley Group)
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CAN WE BUILD PLACES WHERE PEOPLE ARE HAPPIER?
• Context
• How we developed the framework
• Testing the framework
• Implications DESIGN FOR
SOCIAL
SUSTAINABIL ITYA f ramework for creat ing thr iv ing
new communi t ies
Saffron Woodcraft with Tricia Hackett & Lucia Caistor-Arendar
Foreword by Sir Peter Hall
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CAN WE BUILD PLACES WHERE PEOPLE ARE HAPPIER?
Why does social sustainability matter?
• Communities matter…
• Changes in political and legislative landscape…
• Development teams will need to justify projects in more detail…
http://ynuk.tv/2011/08/18/peckham-riots-wall-of-love/
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CAN WE BUILD PLACES WHERE PEOPLE ARE HAPPIER?
Our definition
“Social sustainability describes the way a neighbourhood supports individual and collective wellbeing. It is about people’s quality of life.
Social sustainability combines design of the physical environment with a focus on how the people who live in and use a space relate to each other and function as a community. It is enhanced by development which provides the right infrastructure to support a strong social and cultural life, opportunities for people to get involved, and scope for the place and the community to evolve.”
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CAN WE BUILD PLACES WHERE PEOPLE ARE HAPPIER?
What happens in communities is complex
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CAN WE BUILD PLACES WHERE PEOPLE ARE HAPPIER?
Community strengths and vulnerabilities co-exist: this is the starting point for social sustainability
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CAN WE BUILD PLACES WHERE PEOPLE ARE HAPPIER?
Can other frameworks be used?
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CAN WE BUILD PLACES WHERE PEOPLE ARE HAPPIER?
When to measure?
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CAN WE BUILD PLACES WHERE PEOPLE ARE HAPPIER?
The key elements of the framework
• The starting point was an existing framework • Tailored to Berkeley Group’s developments • Acknowledging the relationship with wider
neighbourhoods • Making best use of existing data • Minimising primary data collection • Scoring by range, not absolute number.
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CAN WE BUILD PLACES WHERE PEOPLE ARE HAPPIER?
The framework
• Three dimensions, 13 indicators, underpinned by 45 questions
• Majority of questions from nationally recognised surveys or industry frameworks
• Small number created
Design & service
provision
Potential to shape future
How the development
works
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CAN WE BUILD PLACES WHERE PEOPLE ARE HAPPIER?
Benchmarking
Results from resident surveys benchmarked against comparable local areas using well established geo-demographic categories: - OAC first choice - IMD where OAC not possible. Comparison with average responses from comparable social groups in comparable areas.
The Hamptons OAC categories
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CAN WE BUILD PLACES WHERE PEOPLE ARE HAPPIER?
Residents survey: 598
interviews across four developments
Analysis of national data
Site survey
Contextual interviews
with
stakeholders
Testing the framework Regeneration: Empire Sq
Suburban: Hamptons
Urban: Imperial Wharf
Rural: Knowle Village
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CAN WE BUILD PLACES WHERE PEOPLE ARE HAPPIER?
The headline results
When residents survey responses were compared to benchmarks for comparable places:
• They feel they belong
• They regularly talk to their neighbours
• They plan to stay in the community
• They report greater feelings of safety walking alone during the day and the night.
But……
• They feel less likely they play a useful part in things
• They feel less positive about people pulling together to improve the neighbourhood
Results are based on 598 residents interviews, a site survey, analysis of national data plus corroborating interviews with local stakeholders.
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CAN WE BUILD PLACES WHERE PEOPLE ARE HAPPIER?
Empire Square, Bermondsey
Planning consent 2002
Completed 2007
567 homes, 30% affordable
Former warehouses
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CAN WE BUILD PLACES WHERE PEOPLE ARE HAPPIER?
Empire Square
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CAN WE BUILD PLACES WHERE PEOPLE ARE HAPPIER?
Empire Square: what do residents value?
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CAN WE BUILD PLACES WHERE PEOPLE ARE HAPPIER?
Knowle
• Pic and v short description
Knowle Village, Hampshire Planning consent 2003 Completed 2010 701 homes, 31% affordable Former warehouses
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CAN WE BUILD PLACES WHERE PEOPLE ARE HAPPIER?
Knowle Village
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CAN WE BUILD PLACES WHERE PEOPLE ARE HAPPIER?
Knowle Village: what do residents value?
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CAN WE BUILD PLACES WHERE PEOPLE ARE HAPPIER?
What we learned and the limitations
• Need for analysis of underlying causality
• Contextual interviews helpful
• Snapshot approach can be powerful
• Mixed methods and data sources
• Scope/sphere of influence: this is a bespoke framework -- equity and justice? education and employment?
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CAN WE BUILD PLACES WHERE PEOPLE ARE HAPPIER?
Implications
• Contributing to our understanding of sustainability
• Practical lessons in creating communities that work
• Shifting thinking about placemaking to long term stewardship
• Post-occupancy evaluation of social sustainability is important
• Intangibles, lived experience, as important as hard infrastructure.
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CAN WE BUILD PLACES WHERE PEOPLE ARE HAPPIER?
Thank you • Full reports available at:
http://www.berkeleygroup.co.uk/sustainability/socialsustainability