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Social Software in Knowledge Management of Organizations
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Transcript of Social Software in Knowledge Management of Organizations
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5(Informationssysteme)
Prof. Dr. M. JarkeI5-Kl-1108-1
Ralf KlammaRWTH Aachen University
Tallinn, November 21, 2008
Social Software in Knowledge Management of
Organizations
http://beamtenherrschaft.blogspot.com
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5(Informationssysteme)
Prof. Dr. M. JarkeI5-Kl-1108-2
Agenda Motivation Social Software for Knowledge
Management Communities of Practice aware
Knowledge Management Innovative Networking Tools Conclusions and Outlook
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5(Informationssysteme)
Prof. Dr. M. JarkeI5-Kl-1108-3
Turning your organizational data into competitive advantage
Community-Data
Social Network Analysisbased
KnowledgeManagement
Competititive Advantage
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5(Informationssysteme)
Prof. Dr. M. JarkeI5-Kl-1108-4
Social Software
Second LifeSecond Life
Social Software
Users(in Millions,
by the end of 2006)
Second Life 3
Wikipedia 4
WOW 7
LiveJournal 11
MySpace 70
MSN Space 120
Skype 171
Data is the Next Intel Inside-> Unique data Users Add Value-> no restrictions, Inclusive Network Effects by Default-> Collective Intelligence Some Rights Reserved -> Standards, Remix The Perpetual Beta-> Smaller modular Components Cooperate, Don't Control-> Light Web Services, Loose Syndication of data and systems (RSS, Mash-ups) Software Above the Level of a Single Device -> Software mobile and ubiquitous The Long Tail-> Small Communities
O‘Reilly: What is Web 2.0?, 2005
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5(Informationssysteme)
Prof. Dr. M. JarkeI5-Kl-1108-5
Web 2.0 Knowledge ManagementCultural and
Technological Shift by Social Software
Impact on Knowledge Work
Impact on Professional Communities
Web 1.0 Web 2.0
personal website and content management
blogging and wikisUser generated contentParticipation
MicrocontentProviding
commentaryPersonal knowledge
publishingEstablishing personal
networksTesting Ideas
Social learningIdentifying competencesEmergent CollaborationTrust & Social capital
directories (taxonomy) and stickiness
Tagging ("folksonomy") and syndication
RankingSense-making
RemixingAggregationEmbedding
Emergent Metadata Collective intelligenceWisdom of the CrowdCollaborative Filtering Visualizing Knowledge
Networks
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5(Informationssysteme)
Prof. Dr. M. JarkeI5-Kl-1108-6
Communities of practice
Community of practice (CoP) as the basic concept for human collaboration and learning
Communities of practice are groups of people who share a concern or a passion for something they do and who interact regularly to learn how to do it better Wenger: Communities of Practice: Learning, Meaning and Identity, 1998
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5(Informationssysteme)
Prof. Dr. M. JarkeI5-Kl-1108-7
Components of social theory of learning
Learning
Learning as doing
Learning as experience
Learning as belonging
Learning as becoming
Community
Practice
Meaning
Identity
Wenger, E. (1998). Communities of practice: Learning, meaning, and identity.
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5(Informationssysteme)
Prof. Dr. M. JarkeI5-Kl-1108-8
Features of CoP Situated Learning
– Learning is a function of the activity, context and culture in which it occurs (i.e. it is situated)
Informal and Co-located– The gradual acquisition of knowledge and skills learned
from experts in the context of their everyday activities Group Knowledge
– Knowledge is mediated through social interaction and collaboration in the group
Legitimate Peripheral Participation (LPP)– Novices move from peripheral to full participation as they
gain legitimacy in the group
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5(Informationssysteme)
Prof. Dr. M. JarkeI5-Kl-1108-9
CoPs and the world of workWenger (1998) studied a CoP in a large insurance company and identified two key processes in CoPs: participation and reification.
Participation – “... the social experience of living in the world in terms of
membership in social communities and active involvement in social enterprises” (p 55 )
Reification– “... the process of giving form to our experience by
producing objects that congeal this experience into thingness” (p 58)
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5(Informationssysteme)
Prof. Dr. M. JarkeI5-Kl-1108-10
CoPs and WorkA CoP is now defined in terms of:
What it is about– The activity/body of knowledge that the community has
organized itself around - a joint enterprise How it functions
– How people are linked through their involvement in common activities - mutual engagement
What it produces– The set of resources the members of a CoP build up over
time - their shared repertoire
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5(Informationssysteme)
Prof. Dr. M. JarkeI5-Kl-1108-11
Interaction in Cooperative Knowledge Processes
Community of Practice (CoP)– Participation– Reification
Knowledge Management (KM) in form of CoP– Turning utterances and data into needs and knowledge– Finding out what is really happening in your organization
Community-Awareness – A key way to cultivate CoP– Should be maintained and kept up to data
Question: How can we foster community-aware knowledge management?
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5(Informationssysteme)
Prof. Dr. M. JarkeI5-Kl-1108-12
Community-Awareness Community-Awareness:
Knowing what is going on in community of practice The Community-Awareness Framework (adapted from [GuGr02])
SNA views social network in terms of nodes and ties [WaFa94]– Nodes: the individual actors within the networks– Ties: the relationships between the actors
Practice Environment of
CoP
Exploration Action
Interpret perceptual information and modifies CA knowledge
Determine what to look for next· Selective attention· Expectations of future activity· Explicit requests for CA information
Affect
Uses in practice· Uses in collaboration· Uses in workshop· Uses in discussion· Etc.
Gather perceptual information· Consequential communication· Feedthrough· Verbal&non-verbal communication
Community-Awareness (CA) knowledge· Who· Where· What· When· How
The merging of CA knowledge and existing knowledge creates new knowledge
Knowledge
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5(Informationssysteme)
Prof. Dr. M. JarkeI5-Kl-1108-13
Bubble Annotation Tool BAT: Knowledge Management with FunDoctorial
Seminar
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5(Informationssysteme)
Prof. Dr. M. JarkeI5-Kl-1108-14
PALADIN: Pattern Based Dynamic Social AnalysisDoctorial
Seminar
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5(Informationssysteme)
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Competences in Social Networks
a) Technical Star b) Organizational Star
Figure: MIT Sloan School Review
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5(Informationssysteme)
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Diving in the organizational data pool Doctorial Seminar
CommunityMining
MediaMining
ProcessMining
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5(Informationssysteme)
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DABA: Driving the Organizational Knowledge Management Bus
Research different dashboard engines
Determine content of DABA– Investigate elements
of community-awareness
– Select SNA methods
Design widgets and dynamic activities between them
Dashboard prototype
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Conclusions and Outlook Communities of practice as source for community-
aware Knowledge Management Innovative Tools for turning data into knowledge
– Bubble Annotation Tool– PALADIN– BaDa: A Dashboard for
Organizational Knowledge Management Case Studies with the tools in the near future