Social

development

and gender -

Brazil Tatau Godinho Secretary of Policies for Women’s Work and Economic Autonomy

Secretariat of Policies for Women

Presidency of The Republic of Brazil

Secretary of Policies for Women

Established in 2003

Ministerial level

Responsible for the formulation of public

policies for improving rights and living

condition of Brazilian women

Advisor to the Presidency on themes related

to formulation, coordination and articulation

of policies for women

Inter relation with all areas of government to

develop policies for women

Political Guidelines

Build citizenship and autonomy for

women, from personal, economic, social

and cultural perspectives

New challenges of equality:

Social, political and economic rights

Sexual and reproductive rights

Greater participation in leadership positions

in society

A life free from violence.

Presence in paid work

Increasing participation of women in labour

market

From 2001 to 2011- an increase of 24% of women

in economically active population

Still women are less available for working out

Source: Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, PNAD 2012

42,1

10

52,1

36,1

20,8

56,9

Paid work Unpaid Work Paid + Unpaid Work

Men

Women

Average weekly hours by sex

Paid and non-paid work Persistency of the sexual division of labour.

Initiatives to have broader time-use research

Source: Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, PNAD 2012

Family arrangement and care

Changes on family arrangements

The proportion of women as the reference person

of family arrangements increased from 28% in

2002 to 38% in 2012

Increasing responsibility for raising children and

care duties/tasks by themselves

Acceleration of aging process of population

New needs for social policies

Social Equality Promotion

and Work Policies

Income

Social Security

Some affirmative actions

Improvement of formal labour

sector

In the last decade, an increase of 27,6% of workers in formal market.

Proportion of formal workers went from

44,6 in 2002 to 56,9% in 2012- (da PEA)

Slightly more positive for women: 12,3 pp

in total – 13,1pp for women

Rate of women in the formal private

sector is growing faster than rate for men – (carteira de trabalho)

Source: Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, PNAD 20011/2012

Women are still the majority in

informal labour

Source: Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, PNAD 20011/2012

Still in lower paid working areas ¼ of all women workers are concentrated in domestic

work, self consumed production and non-paid jobs/tasks. For men it is 5,6%.

5.8 million domestic workers, 92% women.

Constitutional Amendment n°72/2013 to ensure more 16 labor rights to domestic workers.

Domestic workers

Source: Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, PNAD 2012

Coverage rate

Appreciation of minimum wage

In the last 10 years,

an increase of

239%.

Reflex on social

protection and

pension system

Some results

In the last decade, an increase of 31,4% on

female net income. Of 38,5% in informal

market.

In 2002, average income gap of 30%. In 2012,

27%. Slow but important reduction.

Source: Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, PNAD 2012

Income-transfer policy

Bolsa Família:

More than 14 million families receiving

allowances ranging from US$ 35 to US$ 120.

Women represent 54% of the beneficiaries and

93% of Program´s card holders.

Coordination/integration of public policies –

access to existing policies and creation of

subsidiary ones. Ex:

Health assistance

Improvement in child care attendance.

Playing areas for children while women are

attending courses

Policies for rural producers Food Acquisition Program (PAA)

5% of program budget for organizations run

exclusively or mainly by women;

40% quota for women in accepted proposals;

Rural Technical Assistance and Extension (ATER)

30% quota for contracted technicians.;

50% quota for beneficiaries;

Family Farming Funding for Women (PRONAF-Mulher)

A specific line apart from the family credit;

Documents Issuing

1 million women between 2004 and 2012.

Care and Education Policies

Daycare Policies

Increase in the proportion of children which

attend daycare centres (up to 3 years of age)

2000: 9,4% of children attending daycare centres.

2012: 33,9% of children attending daycare

centres

Full-time education (schedule)

Nowadays over 3 million students attend a full

time elementary school.

For those enrolled in public schools, 8,3% were in full time schools;

For those enrolled in private schools, 1,9%.

Access to social security Women are majority of pension holders and only

1/3 of retirement benefit holders.

Growth in social security enrolment – slow process

related to labour market

Implementation of retirement benefit for rural

women is more difficult due to family

production/tradition – specific measures taken

New family arrangements – new rights

Gays and lesbians rights to social security benefits.

Special Social Security

Measures Housewives in lower income are entitled to

retirement and other social benefits with a

smaller contribution

Law approved in 2013

Over 400 thousand housewives included

Special social security benefit for people with

disability (or low income elderly people)-BPC

Sexual and reproductive rights

Planning of reproduction is a necessary asset for women’s economic and personal independence – age of reproduction and number of children.

Determinants of the decline in fertility rates

A demanding society – for better and more access to services

Policies addressing specific groups – adolescents, gays and lesbians, women in more remote areas etc.

Leadership position A very strong participation in social movements but

small presence in formal leadership position and

political representation.

Women in Parliament and

Executive Office

Women Candidates

Election (year)

President

Senator

Governor Federal Congresswoman

State Congresswoman

2002 0% 11,5% 9,85% 8,19% 12,56%

2006

28,60%

15,91%

12,68% 12,66% 14,27%

2010 22,20%

13,28%

11,04% 19,42% 21,06%

Women in Parliament and

Executive Offices Women elected

Election (year)

President

Senator

State Governor

Federal Congresswoman

State Congresswoman

2002 0% 12,3% 7,4% 8,2% 12,56

2006

0%

14,8% 11,11% 8,97% 11,61%

2010 100%

14,81% 7,4% 8,77% 12,85%

Law of women quotas is not effective in the existing electoral system. Vote is not on a list but on an individual.

Combating violence

against women Approval of a legal framework,

coordination of policies and services,

reinforcing support for women.

National Policy on Violence

against Women

Prevention

cultural and educational actions for interfering on

sexist standards

Face-off and Combating

Punitive actions and fulfillment of the Maria da Penha Law

Assistance

strengthening the service network and training of public

servants

Access and guarantee of rights

compliance with national/ international legislation and

initiative to empower women

National Policies

on Violence

Against Women

AXIS I – Assurance of the applicability

of the Maria da Penha Law

AXIS II – Increase and

Strengthening of the Services for

Women in Violence Situation

AXIS III – Assure the citizen safety

and access to Justice

AXIS IV- Assurance of the Sexual and

Reproductive Rights, Tackling Sexual

Exploitation and Trafficking women

AXIS V – Assurance of Autonomy

for Women in Situation of Violence

and Broadening of their Rights

National Covenant to Face Violence Against Women

National Covenant to Face

Violence Against Women

Formal covenant between the Federal

Government and:

• State Governments

• Judiciary system at national and states level

• Health system - Federal and local

• Social assistance services

• Police departments

Local Coordinators: Secretaries or coordinations

of Women’s Affairs at State level.

National Program – Women

Living Without Violence Integrate services in a physical facility

Emergency call service coordination – Call 180

Public educational campaigns

Some Challenges: Reorganization of the unpaid work inside families –

social change much beyond gov’t

Access to child care facilities is key to being in the labour market

Development of care policies with a gender perspective

Process of deinstitutionalization of health policies – Who is going to take care of:

The elderly

Dependent people – health problems/ with disabilities

Need of advancing on access to sexual and reproductive rights.

Sustained economic development policies - integrate areas in a long term gender perspective.

Thank you!

Tatau Godinho

Secretary of Policies for Women’s Work and

Economic Autonomy

SPM/PR - Brazil