Social & Social & Cultural Cultural

TensionsTensionsCh 20,3Ch 20,3

The Scopes Trial - 1925The Scopes Trial - 1925

Many viewed religion as a bulwark (barrier) against Many viewed religion as a bulwark (barrier) against communismcommunism

1925 – Tennessee outlawed the teaching of evolution1925 – Tennessee outlawed the teaching of evolution

John Scoped charged with breaking the lawJohn Scoped charged with breaking the law

Trial nicknamed the “monkey trial” Trial nicknamed the “monkey trial”

Charles Darrow – famous defense trialCharles Darrow – famous defense trial

William Jennings Bryan – worked for defense William Jennings Bryan – worked for defense

Scopes fined $100, but the case had been about the Scopes fined $100, but the case had been about the principal – still controversial todayprincipal – still controversial today

The New KKKThe New KKK

Rise of the Klan (again)Rise of the Klan (again) 1915 – Stone Mountain, Georgia – aimed at 1915 – Stone Mountain, Georgia – aimed at

minorities in generalminorities in general ““Invisible Empire” – 4-5 million members, no Invisible Empire” – 4-5 million members, no

longer just in the southlonger just in the south

Opposition to the Klan Opposition to the Klan NAACP, Jewish Anti Defamation LeagueNAACP, Jewish Anti Defamation League Many felt immigration is intrinsically AmericanMany felt immigration is intrinsically American

Tremendous corruption within the Klan led to its Tremendous corruption within the Klan led to its withering in the 1920’s withering in the 1920’s

An Age of HeroesAn Age of Heroes

WWI had ruined “political heroes” WWI had ruined “political heroes”

Babe RuthBabe Ruth

Sport casters were equally important, Sport casters were equally important, helped create heroes in addition to being helped create heroes in addition to being heroes as wellheroes as well

Lindbergh- Spirit of St. Louis – Flew solo Lindbergh- Spirit of St. Louis – Flew solo Paris to NY, non stop Paris to NY, non stop

New Roles for WomenNew Roles for Women

FlappersFlappers More the exception than the ruleMore the exception than the rule Seem as a revolt against the Victorian AgeSeem as a revolt against the Victorian Age Clear split between urban and rural womenClear split between urban and rural women

The Fine ArtsThe Fine Arts

Mood of uncertainty – arts more pessimistic Mood of uncertainty – arts more pessimistic and skeptical and skeptical

Literature – “The Lost Generation” Literature – “The Lost Generation” Hemingway, Gertrude Stein, F. Scott Hemingway, Gertrude Stein, F. Scott

Fitzgerald (The Great Gatsby)Fitzgerald (The Great Gatsby)