Social and Political Philosophy
26
SOCIAL AND POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY Made By: Arifa Abid Submitted to: Sir Hamid Date: 14-06-13
-
Upload
arifa-abid -
Category
Education
-
view
764 -
download
0
description
Social philosophy and Political philosophy are both very closely related fields of philosophy generally dealing with the role of the individual in society, as well as the role of government. Social philosophy is the philosophical study of questions about social behavior (typically, of humans). Social philosophy addresses a wide range of subjects, from individual meanings to legitimacy of laws, from the social contract to criteria for revolution, from the functions of everyday actions to the effects of science on culture, from changes in human demographics to the collective order of a wasp's nest. Social philosophy attempts to understand the patterns and nuances, changes and tendencies of societies. It is a wide field with many subdisciplines.Political philosophy is the study of questions about the city, government, politics, liberty, justice, property, rights, law and the enforcement of a legal code by authority: what they are, why (or even if) they are needed, what makes a government legitimate, what rights and freedoms it should protect and why, what form it should take and why, what the law is, and what duties citizens owe to a legitimate government, if any, and when it may be legitimately overthrown—if ever. In a vernacular sense, the term "political philosophy" often refers to a general view, or specific ethic, political belief or attitude, about politics that does not necessarily belong to the technical discipline of philosophy. Political philosophy can also be understood by analysing it through the perspectives of metaphysics, epistemology and axiology thereby unearthing the ultimate reality side, the knowledge or methodical side and the value aspects of politics.There is often a considerable overlap between the questions addressed by social philosophy and ethics or value theory. Other forms of social philosophy include political philosophy and philosophy of law, which are largely concerned with the societies of state and government and their functioning. Social philosophy, ethics, and political philosophy all share intimate connections with other disciplines in the social sciences. In turn, the social sciences themselves are of focal interest to the philosophy of social science.
Transcript of Social and Political Philosophy
SOCIAL AND POLITICAL
PHILOSOPHYMade By: Arifa Abid
Submitted to: Sir Hamid
Date: 14-06-13
CONTENTS Ethics Morality Deliberation Technical Questions Prudential Questions Moral Questions Definition of Social and Political Philosophy
SOCIAL PHILOSOPHY
Social philosophy is the study of social interactions and behavior between two or more people.
POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY
Political philosophy is the study of human social organization and of the nature of man/woman in society.
THEORIES OF MORALITYCOGNITIVISMIMPERATIVISMEMOTIVISMAPPROACHESRELATIVISM
COGNITIVISM Cognitivism is the meta-ethical view
that ethical sentences express propositions and can therefore be true or false (they are truth-apt), which non-cognitivists deny.
The Arguments from Arguments Components of argument should be GENUINE Statements The correspondence Problem Are Moral Sentences Analytical???
IMPERATIVISM Moral sentences are disguised
imperatives. Arguments for Imperativism Imperativism seems a possible
alternative Everyone wants moral sentences to be
action-guiding Imperativism actually explains what
moral arguments are about..
EMOTIVISM Moral sentences are disguised
exclamatives. Reasons and Emotions How moral argument are possible Strong Emotional desires or sound
argument Feelings and Cognitive Assessment Emotions explained our moral judgment What feelings peopleought to have
RELATIVISM Humans are born in social group. These refers to “tribes”. Process of “enculturation”.is the process by which people learn therequirements of their surrounding culture andacquire values and behaviors appropriate ornecessary in that culture. Cultural Relativism is defined as the view that moral or ethical systems, which
varyfrom culture to culture, are all equally valid
and no one system is really “better” than any other.
TWO APPROACHES
OF ETHICS
Deontological v/s consequential
approach
DEONTOLOGICAL APPROACHNon-consequential theoryThe motivation or principle is importantAn action can only be deemed right or wrong
when morals for taking actions are known.
TELEOLOGICAL APPROACH Consequential theoryDecisions depends upon consequences
2 Theories
EGOISM UTILITARIANISM
Actions are morally right if decision maker freely decide in order to preserve their interests and of society as well..
Principle of greatest happinessAction is morally right if its results in greatest amount of good for greatest number of peoples.
SOCIAL AND POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY Individual and Society Communitarianism Society and State State as Benefactor The State of Nature The Social Contract The Veil of Ignorance Marxism
LAWS Sovereignty and Legitimacy Monopoly of power
Theories of Legitimacy Top-down Bottom-up
Morality and Legality its not illegal so it can’t be Immoral. Its not legal so I can’t be Moral.
WHAT SHOULD STATE DO?? Rights and Obligations one has a right he also has obligations.
Natural Rights Basic Human Rights
Values Values of fairness,
Economic efficiency,
Equality and Freedom..
WHAT SHOULD WE DO??? Obey your parents
A good community starts in a good family. The way we are at home reflects to what we are in a bigger environment.
Treat everyone like a brother or sister of
your own.Let’s avoid getting a crab-mentality and be happy for the achievements of others instead of pulling them down.
Do not lose hope for our country and think for its positive side.
Don’t bribe and do not accept bribe.
FUNNY PICTURES OF POLITICIANS
Political Hypocrisy is a part of our native
Political Philosophy"Laughter Intended"
ANY QUESTIONS??????
?
THANK YOU…..
