Social and Community Physical Activity Interventions EPHE 348.
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Transcript of Social and Community Physical Activity Interventions EPHE 348.
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Social and Community Physical Activity
InterventionsEPHE 348
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Nature of Social Support
Complex– Term was not even used 25 years ago– Social connections and support seems to be
hard wired Possible ingredients
– Information– Emotion– Context– Instrumental
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What is Social Support then?
Laireiter and Baumann (1992):– Integration with family life, community, and access to support
systems
– Network of social resources
– Climate of the social relations
– Reciprocity of social relations
– Perception of support
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Support Appraisal
Attachment (emotion) Social integration (network) Opportunity for nurturance (your assistance) Reassurance of worth (esteem) Reliable alliance (tangible aid) Guidance (information)
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Social Support & PA Social Cognition
SS and intentions are related (medium effect)
Not the same as subjective norm or cohesion (small to medium relationships)
Highly related to self-efficacy and attitudes
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SS & PA
Related (medium effect)
Rhodes (2001) review of all SS and PA studies - 48/49 identified the importance of SS as a Correlate
Kahn et al. (2002) showed limited utility used as a sole intervention
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Community Interventions
Premise that entire communities can be targeted for behaviour change
Often include a number of delivery agents (institution, organization, group)
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Community?
Aggregate of people who share values and infrastructure
Communities also make pragmatic sense for intervention:– Organized for dissemination (structure and
purpose)– Identity
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Schools
Standard site for PA – PE
PE classes getting shorter and less frequent Avenues for improvement:
– Increase PA in PE– Increase extracurricular– Increase in-class activity (AS! BC)
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Action Zones
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Annual Planning Tools For Schools For Teachers
Action Zone Action Ideas! Menu of Physical Activity Best
Practices Action Pages!
AS! BC Program Components
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Action Bins (classroom resource)
Technical Support (School Liaison facilitator)
This differed depending on condition
AS! BC Program Components
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Work Site Interventions
Workplace wellness & PA:– Fitness & productivity– Reduced illness– Wide dissemination possibilities
Dishman et al. (1998) meta-analysis showed minimal effect
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Health Care Settings
Simons-Morton et al. (1998) review:
– Primary prevention = some short-term changes but generally minimal effect
– Secondary prevention = mixed
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Community/Policy Interventions
Legislation – formal legal structures Policy – formal guidelines
Based on smoking, these approaches may be very useful in PA intervention
Health promotion vs. health fascism?
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Mass Media Interventions
Almost all developed countries have initiated campaigns– Increased awareness– Intention and behaviour change have not been
successful