As We May Think Vannevar Bush—July 1945. Where we are so far…
So Where Are We?
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Transcript of So Where Are We?
So Where Are We?
Into to Chapter 18 The French Revolution
1740Frederick II rules in Prussia
1751 – Encyclopedia Published
1759 - Voltaire Publishes Candid
1754 –Seven Years War starts
1763 – Treaty of Paris
1762- Rousseau publishes what book?
1776 – Declaration of Independence
1789 -Start French Revolution
The Ancien Regime
• Also referred to as “The Old Order”-What does this imply?-Is France the only state that follows this?• Dividing of social classes called Estates-Can you guess what groups make up the Estates?
Who was the First Estate?
• The Church was the First Estate• 1789 – Clergy had wealth and privilege• Owned 10% of land• Collected tithes – what are these?• Which group of people would target the
church?
Who is the Second Estate?• Nobles held the power in the Second Estate• Nobles rights were trampled on by who?• Many nobles disliked absolutism-Based on what you know, why would they?• Nobles also did not like the royal bureaucracy-Who was holding important jobs?
Who was the Third Estate?
• Most diverse of the classes in France• Bourgeoisie – middle class, made up of
bankers, merchants, lawyers, manufacturers • Most of the Third Estate was rural peasants,
however the poorest were urban workers, most were unemployed
• Who do you think paid the most taxes?
Unfair Taxation
• First Estate – paid NO taxes• Second Estate – very little• Third Estate – Peasants/Urban workers paid
majority of taxes in France• First and Second Estates held Traditional Rights of
paying no, or very little, taxes• Together the Estates made up the Estates
General {legislative body with reps from each estate}