So what were the effects from wind?

Structural Engineers Association of Illinois – April 4, 2006Structural Engineers Association of Illinois – April 4, 2006

So what were the effects from So what were the effects from wind?wind?Some structural damage, mostly to overhangs Some structural damage, mostly to overhangs and roofsand roofs

Not much evidence of wind borne debris Not much evidence of wind borne debris penetrating the building envelopepenetrating the building envelope

Lots of damage to building envelopes – roof, Lots of damage to building envelopes – roof, siding, soffits particularlysiding, soffits particularly


South LA…successSouth LA…success

Wind damage: primarily building envelope


Pass Christian, MS (new home)…Pass Christian, MS (new home)…survivorsurvivor


New Orleans –New Orleans –light damage tolight damage toglazing, butglazing, butto manyto manybuildingsbuildings


Ocean Springs, MS…light damageOcean Springs, MS…light damage


Gulfport bank building…moderate Gulfport bank building…moderate damagedamage


Gulfport, MS…moderate damageGulfport, MS…moderate damage


Long Beach, MS…severe damageLong Beach, MS…severe damage


Gulfport (PEMB)…severe damageGulfport (PEMB)…severe damage


LA (support column failed…partial LA (support column failed…partial destruction)destruction)


Slidell, LA…total destructionSlidell, LA…total destruction


ASCE Levee Study MapASCE Levee Study Map

Overtopping occurred first


Water overtopping leveeWater overtopping levee


Levee Flooding – London Ave CanalLevee Flooding – London Ave Canal


Levee design issues – Levee design issues – breached or overtopped?breached or overtopped?


Floodwall failureFloodwall failure


Damage behind the leveesDamage behind the levees


““Post-Flood Actions Affect Post-Flood Actions Affect Mold Growth” Mold Growth” New OrleansNew Orleans

House opened and aired out quickly with low mold growth

House closed and not aired out quickly with extensive mold growth


What can we do?What can we do?

Build higher, stronger, saferBuild higher, stronger, safer

Adopt strong building codesAdopt strong building codes

Provide sound recovery information like new Provide sound recovery information like new flood maps and reconstruction guidanceflood maps and reconstruction guidance

Critical facilities must be better builtCritical facilities must be better built

Educate – citizens must accept some level of Educate – citizens must accept some level of risk if they want to live in a hazardous area risk if they want to live in a hazardous area (which a hurricane region is)(which a hurricane region is)


We’ve got to build them better ….We’ve got to build them better ….


D’Iberville, MSD’Iberville, MS


Biloxi, MSBiloxi, MS


Long Beach, MSLong Beach, MS


Performance Standards for WindPerformance Standards for Wind

No structural failureNo structural failure

Load paths remain connected through to the Load paths remain connected through to the foundationfoundation

Minor building envelope covering lossMinor building envelope covering loss

Building access is easily repaired Building access is easily repaired

Able to re-occupy the building immediately Able to re-occupy the building immediately after utilities are restoredafter utilities are restored

Critical facilities can be occupied safely Critical facilities can be occupied safely during eventduring event


Performance Standards for FloodPerformance Standards for Flood

Flood damage can be cleaned upFlood damage can be cleaned up

After drying out, building can be re-occupiedAfter drying out, building can be re-occupied

Repairs might consist of drywall, insulation Repairs might consist of drywall, insulation and wood trim replacementand wood trim replacement

Structure is still standing on it’s own Structure is still standing on it’s own foundation foundation


Post-KatrinaPost-KatrinaLA adopted state-wide building code (IBC)LA adopted state-wide building code (IBC)

Several MS communities previously without Several MS communities previously without codes have adopted IBC/IRCcodes have adopted IBC/IRC

Several communities have either adopted Several communities have either adopted flood recovery maps or added freeboard flood recovery maps or added freeboard (additional height) so rebuilding can begin(additional height) so rebuilding can begin

Lots of confusion about how to regulate all Lots of confusion about how to regulate all the changes in building standards (use of the changes in building standards (use of IBC/ASCE 7)IBC/ASCE 7)

Land values escalating rapidlyLand values escalating rapidly

So what were the effects from wind?

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