SNO+ solar neutrino program - underground.physics.berkeley.edu · JinPing - SNO+ Solar Freija...
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JinPing - SNO+ Solar Freija Descamps, 09/06/2014
SNO+ solar neutrino program
Freija Descamps for the SNO+ collaboration
The SNO+ detector
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JinPing - SNO+ Solar Freija Descamps, 09/06/2014
SNOLAB and SNO+ ✤ SNO+ = successor to Sudbury
Neutrino Observatory (SNO)!✤ Located in SNOLAB inside the
Creighton mine near Sudbury, Canada!
✤ Depth = 2070m (6000m.w.e)!✤ ~70 muons/day in SNO+!✤ Class-2000 clean room
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JinPing - SNO+ Solar Freija Descamps, 09/06/2014
SNOLAB and SNO+ ✤ SNO+ = successor to Sudbury
Neutrino Observatory (SNO)!✤ Located in SNOLAB inside the
Creighton mine near Sudbury, Canada!
✤ Depth = 2070m (6000m.w.e)!✤ ~70 muons/day in SNO+!✤ Class-2000 clean room
Deck with DAQ SNO+ operator
~780T LAB liquid organic
scintillator!+ PPO
acrylic vessel!
⌀ 12m!5cm thick
~9500 PMTs!54% coverage
rock
~7kT ultra-pure water
shield
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JinPing - SNO+ Solar Freija Descamps, 09/06/2014
Liquid scintillator ✤ LAB: Linear AlkylBenzene!
✤ Long attenuation length (~20m)!✤ Safe: low toxicity and high flash point !✤ Chemically compatible with acrylic!✤ α-β separation through scintillation
decay-times!✤ High light yield ~10000𝛄/MeV!✤ Fluor: 2.5-Diphenyloxazol (PPO)!
✤ 2g/L
NIM A640, 119-122 (2011)
Petresa plant!Bécancour, QC
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JinPing - SNO+ Solar Freija Descamps, 09/06/2014
LAB purification plan
✤ Multi-stage distillation!✤ Removes heavy metals!✤ Improves UV transparency!✤ Dual-stream PPO distillation!
✤ N2/steam stripping!✤ Removes Rn, Kr, Ar, O2!
✤ Water extraction!✤ Removes Ra, K, Bi!
✤ Metal scavenging!✤ Removes Bi, Pb!
✤ Microfiltration!✤ Removes dust
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Distillation Water extraction
C-200 Water Extraction Column
JinPing - SNO+ Solar Freija Descamps, 09/06/2014
LAB purification plan
✤ Multi-stage distillation!✤ Removes heavy metals!✤ Improves UV transparency!✤ Dual-stream PPO distillation!
✤ N2/steam stripping!✤ Removes Rn, Kr, Ar, O2!
✤ Water extraction!✤ Removes Ra, K, Bi!
✤ Metal scavenging!✤ Removes Bi, Pb!
✤ Microfiltration!✤ Removes dust
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Distillation Water extraction
Target levels:!85Kr: 10-25 g/g!40K: 10-18 g/g!39Ar: 10-24 g/g!U: 10-17 g/g!Th: 10-18 g/g
C-200 Water Extraction Column
JinPing - SNO+ Solar Freija Descamps, 09/06/2014
SNO+ solar goals✤ What can neutrinos tell is about the Sun?!
✤ CNO flux measurement!✤ Direct pp measurement!
!✤ What can the Sun tell us about neutrinos?!
✤ Day/night asymmetry!✤ Precision pep flux!✤ Low-energy 8B spectrum
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Search for new physics in transition region
Confirm MSW
}
Resolve solar metallicityLuminosity constraint
JinPing - SNO+ Solar Freija Descamps, 09/06/2014
SNO+ solar goals✤ What can neutrinos tell is about the Sun?!
✤ CNO flux measurement!✤ Direct pp measurement!
!✤ What can the Sun tell us about neutrinos?!
✤ Day/night asymmetry!✤ Precision pep flux!✤ Low-energy 8B spectrum
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Search for new physics in transition region
Confirm MSW
}
Resolve solar metallicityLuminosity constraint
Non-standard physics effects can alter the shape / position of the “MSW rise”
Friedland, Lunardini, Peña-Garay,!PLB 594, (2004)
JinPing - SNO+ Solar Freija Descamps, 09/06/2014
Survival probability
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Phys. Rev. D 88, 053010 (2013)
JinPing - SNO+ Solar Freija Descamps, 09/06/2014
Solar Neutrinos
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SNO: LETA
First SNO
JinPing - SNO+ Solar Freija Descamps, 09/06/2014
Solar Neutrinos
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SNO: LETA
First SNO
SNO+
JinPing - SNO+ Solar Freija Descamps, 09/06/2014
✤ 39Ar!✤ 210Bi!✤ 11C!✤ 14C!✤ 40K!✤ 85Kr!✤ 210Pb!✤ 210Po!✤ U chain!✤ Th chain
Backgrounds
Cosmogenic!e.g. 11C, 10C
External !AV, PMTs,
H2O, ropes
Internal!LS,!
water, AV leaching,!
internal ropes!e.g. 14C, 210Bi,
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JinPing - SNO+ Solar Freija Descamps, 09/06/2014
U and Th chains
✤ Purification techniques!✤ Direct background α
and β emissions!✤ Coincidence
techniques are under investigation, ex.:!✤ β-α ⇾ 214Bi-214Po!✤ β-α ⇾ 212Bi-212Po !✤ α-β ⇾ 212Bi-208Tl!✤ 95-99.9% rejection!
✤ 50% fiducial volume cut to reject external backgrounds
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JinPing - SNO+ Solar Freija Descamps, 09/06/2014
visible energy [MeV]0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2
Cou
nts
per 0
.1 k
tons
per
1.0
yea
rs p
er 5
keV
-110
1
10
210
310
410pppepbe7b8cnoc11-decays
pppepbe7b8cnoc11-decays
resolutionEAnalytically generated spectra with 5%/
Borexino
11C background
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11C produced by cosmic μ hitting!organic molecules
KamLAND: 2700 mwe!Borexino: 3500 mwe!SNO+: 6080 mwe!Jinping: 7500 mwe
visible energy [MeV]0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2
Cou
nts
per 0
.1 k
tons
per
1.0
yea
rs p
er 5
keV
-110
1
10
210
310
410pppepbe7b8cnoc11-decays
pppepbe7b8cnoc11-decays
resolutionEAnalytically generated spectra with 5%/
Borexino
JinPing - SNO+ Solar Freija Descamps, 09/06/2014
visible energy [MeV]0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2
Cou
nts
per 0
.1 k
tons
per
1.0
yea
rs p
er 5
keV
-110
1
10
210
310
410pppepbe7b8cnoc11-decays
pppepbe7b8cnoc11-decays
resolutionEAnalytically generated spectra with 5%/
Borexino
11C background
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11C produced by cosmic μ hitting!organic molecules
KamLAND: 2700 mwe!Borexino: 3500 mwe!SNO+: 6080 mwe!Jinping: 7500 mwe
visible energy [MeV]0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2
Cou
nts
per 0
.1 k
tons
per
1.0
yea
rs p
er 5
keV
-110
1
10
210
310
410pppepbe7b8cnoc11-decays
pppepbe7b8cnoc11-decays
resolutionEAnalytically generated spectra with 5%/
Borexino
visible energy [MeV]0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2
Cou
nts
per 0
.4 k
tons
per
1.0
yea
rs p
er 5
keV
-110
1
10
210
310
410pppepbe7b8cnoc11-decays
pppepbe7b8cnoc11-decays
resolutionEAnalytically generated spectra with 5%/
SNO+
JinPing - SNO+ Solar Freija Descamps, 09/06/2014
Energy / MeV1 2 3 4 5 6
Even
ts / k
Tonn
e-ye
ar
1
10
210
310
Sum8B7BeCNOpep
228Ac210Bi
�212Bi 214Bi40K234Pa214Pb212Po208Tl
SNO+ solar neutrino spectrum
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Assuming initial Borexino-level backgrounds are reached
JinPing - SNO+ Solar Freija Descamps, 09/06/2014
Energy / MeV0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0
Even
ts / k
Tonn
e-ye
ar
210
310
Sum8B7BeCNOpep
228Ac210Bi
�212Bi 214Bi40K234Pa214Pb212Po208Tl
SNO+ low-energy
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Assuming initial Borexino-level backgrounds are reached
JinPing - SNO+ Solar Freija Descamps, 09/06/2014
Energy / MeV0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0
Even
ts / k
Tonn
e-ye
ar
210
310
Sum8B7BeCNOpep
228Ac210Bi
�212Bi 214Bi40K234Pa214Pb212Po208Tl
Sum w/o pep
SNO+ low-energy
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Assuming initial Borexino-level backgrounds are reached
JinPing - SNO+ Solar Freija Descamps, 09/06/2014
Energy / MeV0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0
Even
ts / k
Tonn
e-ye
ar
210
310
Sum8B7BeCNOpep
228Ac210Bi
�212Bi 214Bi40K234Pa214Pb212Po208Tl
Sum w/o pep
SNO+ low-energy
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Assuming initial Borexino-level backgrounds are reached
JinPing - SNO+ Solar Freija Descamps, 09/06/2014
Energy / MeV0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0
Even
ts / k
Tonn
e-ye
ar
210
310
Sum8B7BeCNOpep
228Ac210Bi
�212Bi 214Bi40K234Pa214Pb212Po208Tl
Sum w/o pep5% energy scale
SNO+ low-energy
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Assuming initial Borexino-level backgrounds are reached
JinPing - SNO+ Solar Freija Descamps, 09/06/2014
Energy / MeV0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0
Even
ts / k
Tonn
e-ye
ar
210
310
Sum8B7BeCNOpep
228Ac210Bi
�212Bi 214Bi40K234Pa214Pb212Po208Tl
Sum w/o pep1% energy scale
SNO+ low-energy
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Assuming initial Borexino-level backgrounds are reached
JinPing - SNO+ Solar Freija Descamps, 09/06/2014
SNO+sensitivity studies!1 year lifetime!4 ν signals: pep, 7Be, 8B, CNO!30 bkgs!Th chain eqm!U chain semi-eqm!Extended max L fit!50% fid vol!Target bkgs!Energy scale /resn studies!Stat dominated
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1
1
10
210
310
410
510Sum
�8B �7Be
CNO+210Bi�pep
39Ar40K85Kr210Po14CU chainTh chain
Assuming initial Borexino-level backgrounds are reached
JinPing - SNO+ Solar Freija Descamps, 09/06/2014
SNO+sensitivity studies
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(stat) 1 year 2 years
pep 9.1% 6.5%
8B 7.5% 5.4%
7Be 4% 2.8%
pp A few %?
CNO ~ 15%?
Sensitivity goals
1 2 3 4 5 6
1
10
210
310
410
510 = 419.70163 / 6302�
: �B 8 679.79 +/- 24.39: �Be 7 53785.86 +/- 3067.64
: �Bi + CNO 210 21105.86 +/- 955.53: �pep 3553.48 +/- 305.40
1 year livetime50% fiducial volume
4 υ signals+ 7 bkgs
Assuming initial Borexino-level backgrounds are reached
pp depends on 14C, 85Kr CNO depends on 210Bi
JinPing - SNO+ Solar Freija Descamps, 09/06/2014
SNO+sensitivity studies
!8B spectrum!Background rejection:!
99.8% 214Bi through β - α tagging!90% 208Tl through α - α tagging
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Assuming initial Borexino-level backgrounds are reached
JinPing - SNO+ Solar Freija Descamps, 09/06/2014
Reactor neutrinos
SNO+ Physics Plan
!
Light Water filling now!!!! Scintillator loading (spring 2015)!
Te-loaded scintillator (end 2015)!
!
Pure scintillator phase!
Supernova monitoring
Geo neutrinos
ββ
backgrounds
nucleon decay
solar neutrinos
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