SN22: Introduction to Open Access Publishing for Research Administrators and Managers.
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Transcript of SN22: Introduction to Open Access Publishing for Research Administrators and Managers.
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SN22: Introduction to Open Access Publishing for Research Administrators and Managers
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SN22: Introduction to Open Access Publishing for Research Administrators and Managers
Matthew Cockerill, Publisher, BioMed Central
Neil Thakur, Special Assistant to the Deputy Director for Extramural Research, NIH
Heather Joseph, Executive Director, SPARC
Ian Carter, Chair, Association of Research Managers and Administrators
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A brief introduction to Open Access
Matthew CockerillPublisher, BioMed Central
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Why is Open Access important?
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The internet makes it possible to share research results universally
In an online environment, nearly all publishing costs are ‘first copy’ costs
Cost of distribution is negligible Researchers want to share their
research as widely as possible Eliminating access barriers is a natural
way to achieve this
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Two paths towards Open Access
Gold OA Publishing in an open access journal – Fully OA journals
e.g. BioMed Central, Public Library of Science etc– Optional OA in traditional journals
(now offered by many major publishers)
Green OA Depositing articles in an OA repositorySubject repositories– PubMed Central– UK PubMed Central– ArXiV
Institutional repositories–DSpace–Eprints–Fedora–Open Repository
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The two forms of open access are complementary
Deposit of embargoed manuscript versions is a useful stepping stone
Open access publishing – ensures official final version can be deposited
immediately– addresses concern that OA deposit will lead to
subscription cancellations / undermine peer review
Funders are requiring OA archiving, and taking active steps to encourage and facilitate OA publishing
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How do the traditional and Open Access publishing models
compare?
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Traditional research publishing
The research community transfers the rights to the research
The publisher resells access rights to cover costs
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Open Access research publishing
The publisher is paid for the service of publication
There are no barriers to access
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Definition of Open Access(Bethesda Statement, 2003)
Freely available via the internet
Licensed to allow redistribution and reuse
Permanently archived in multiple international repositories
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Benefits of OA for authors
Maximizes potential readership Articles are widely accessible via
aggregators, indexing services, search engines etc.
Breaks down barriers between fields Promotes public understanding of
scientific and medical research Allow literature and data to be mined
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Open Access has grown rapidly to become part of the mainstream
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Growth of OA publishing in BioMed Central’s journals
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Open Access is not evenly spread!
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Open Access publishing,then and now…
20082000
And more…
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Open Access journals have already established excellent reputations
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OA Publication Fees
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What do OA publication fees cover?
Open access publishing is not without costs
Publication fees need to cover costs– Editorial– Technical– Production– Customer services– Marketing (e.g. conference attendance)
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Typical OA publication fees
BioMed Central $1700 Public Library of Science $2100 Company of Biologists $3100 Oxford University Press $2700 Royal Society $3000 Springer $3000 Taylor & Francis $3250 Wiley $3000
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Who pays OA publication fees?
Authors may pay out of grant funds Some funders provide dedicated funds
for open access publishing costs Institutions may cover costs centrally
(via open access funds and/or membership arrangements with OA publishers)
Some journals are run by organizations which cover costs themselves
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Does Open Access offer good value compared to traditional publishing?
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Oxford University Press datahttp://www.oxfordjournals.org/news/oa_workshop.html
Nucleic Acids Research received $3000-$4000 of subscription revenue per article published
Comparable to the amount charged by traditional publishers for their OA options
OA publishers like BMC charge substantially less OA publication fees make costs much more transparent,
and authors can choose between alternative options This guards against over-pricing
I. Cost per article published
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II. Cost per article download
Studies have shown that open access, unsurprisingly, leads to a significantly increased number of downloads compared to the traditional model
This helps make open access a much more cost-effective way to disseminate research results
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Funder policies on Open Access
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NIH Public Access Policy
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UK PubMed Central funders
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HHMI Policy
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Funders have a key role in the transition to open access
A fully Open Access publication system is no more expensive than the traditional model
But libraries can’t easily free up their budgets Funders are breaking this stalemate In biomedical research areas, the cost of
publication is estimated to be only around 1% of the cost of carrying out the research
A tiny fraction of the indirect research costs from funders can cover the full cost of sharing the results of that work
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Progress towards open access needs coordinated action
Research Funders Research Administrators Librarians Faculty
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Centrally managed funds for Open Access publication charges
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Harvard University
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Interview with Stuart Shieber, head of Harvard’s Office of Scholarly Communication
Stuart Shieber’s goal is to see OA journals exist on “equal footing” with subscription-based journals.
Authors don’t get underwriting help from the library when they publish in OA journals, while they do from publishing in subscription-based journalsTo put OA and subscription journals on a “level playing field” you’d want to underwrite OA journals just as you do subscription journals.
May 29th 2008
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BioMed Central membership
Prepay membership– Institution pays funds into a deposit account– Article Processing Charge is covered by funds from
account– Discount depending on deposit amount– Author does not have to pay– Simplified administration/reporting
Supporter membership– Institutions pay a flat fee– Authors pay a discounted Article Processing Charge
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160+ Prepay Members
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160+ Supporter Members