SMS 11.2 Tutorial RiverFLO-2D Analysissmstutorials-11.2.aquaveo.com/SMS_RiverFLO-2D.pdfSMS 11.2...

SMS Tutorials RiverFLO-2D Analysis

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SMS 11.2 Tutorial

RiverFLO-2D Analysis

Objectives This lesson teaches how to prepare an unstructured mesh, run the RiverFLO-2D numerical engine and

view the results, all within SMS. Different initial data files will be used within SMS to create and run a

RiverFLO-2D simulation.

v. 11.2

Prerequisites Overview Tutorial

Requirements RiverFLO-2D

Map Module

Mesh Module

Scatter Module

Time 45-60 minutes



1 Getting Started ...........................................................................................................2

1.1 Open the Template ...............................................................................................2 1.2 Define the Projection and Units ...........................................................................3 1.3 Save the Project Files ...........................................................................................3 1.4 Import Initial Data ................................................................................................3 1.5 Display Options ....................................................................................................4

2 Define Model Domain .................................................................................................5 2.1 Define Coverage Type .........................................................................................5 2.2 Create Polygons ...................................................................................................5 2.3 Define Arc Spacing ..............................................................................................8 2.4 Import Pre-processed Map Data ...........................................................................9

3 Define Polygon Attributes ........................................................................................ 10 3.1 Polygon Materials .............................................................................................. 10 3.2 Defining Materials ............................................................................................. 10

4 RiverFLO-2D Boundary Conditions....................................................................... 12 4.1 Feature Arc Attributes ........................................................................................ 12

5 Create Unstructured Mesh ...................................................................................... 13 5.1 Create Mesh ....................................................................................................... 13 5.2 Mesh Display Options ........................................................................................ 13 5.3 Assigning Downstream Boundary Condition ..................................................... 15 5.4 RiverFLO-2D Components ................................................................................ 16

6 Material Properties .................................................................................................. 16 6.1 Assigning Material Properties ............................................................................ 16

7 RiverFLO-2D Control Data ..................................................................................... 16 7.1 Assigning RiverFLO-2D Parameters ................................................................. 16 7.2 Assigning Initial Water Surface Elevation ......................................................... 17

8 Running RiverFLO-2D ............................................................................................ 18 8.1 Run RiverFLO-2D ............................................................................................. 18

9 Viewing RiverFLO-2D Output ................................................................................ 19 9.1 Scalar Dataset Options ....................................................................................... 20 9.2 Vector Dataset Options ...................................................................................... 21 9.3 Film Loop Visualization..................................................................................... 23

10 Conclusion ................................................................................................................. 23

1 Getting Started

The data used for this tutorial is taken from a section of the Hoh River in the state of Washington, USA.

This data is from a project where the objective was to analyze the effect of engineered log jam (ELJ)

designs on this bend in the river.

1.1 Open the Template

For this tutorial, the RiverFLO-2D template (a 2DM file) must be imported. This

template has been developed by Aquaveo and Hydronia in order to integrate the

RiverFLO-2D numerical engine into the SMS graphical user interface for pre- or post-

processing.

To import the template file:

1. Launch SMS (or press Ctrl-N if already in SMS).

2. Select File | Open to bring up the Open dialog.



3. Select the file “RiverFLO-2D_Template.2dm” in the Data files folder.

4. Click Open to open the template and close the Open dialog.

If the user is in the Mesh Module, the user will notice a RiverFLO-2D menu appear.

1.2 Define the Projection and Units

In SMS, a projection can be designed for any simulation. While RiverFLO-2D can be run

using U.S. Customary or Metric Units, setting a projection allows taking advantage of all

the geo-referencing tools in SMS for pre- and post-processing.

Consistent units should be used throughout a project. RiverFLO-2D requires the

projection, horizontal units, and vertical units be the same for all entities in the project.

To set the projection:

1. Select Display | Projection… to open the Display Projection dialog.

2. In the Horizontal section, select Global projection to bring up the Select

Projection dialog.

3. On the Projection tab, set the following:

Projection as “UTM”.

Zone to “10 (126˚W - 120˚W – Northern Hemisphere)”.

Datum as “NAD83”.

Planar Units to “FEET (U.S. SURVEY)”.

4. Click OK to accept the settings and close the Select Projection dialog.

5. In the Vertical section, set Units to “U.S. Survey Feet”.

6. Click OK to close the Display Projection dialog.

1.3 Save the Project Files

To save the project:

7. Save the project by selecting File | Save As… to bring up the Save As dialog.

1. Enter “HohRiver.sms” as the File name.

2. Select “Project Files (*.sms)” from the Save as type drop-down.

3. Click the Save button to save the simulation and close the Save As dialog.

The project has now been saved with matching projection and units.

1.4 Import Initial Data

The next step is to import any initial gathered data. For the Hoh River, a background

image of the site and an elevation survey will be imported.

Import the image by doing the following:

1. Select File | Open... to bring up the Open dialog



2. Select the file “HohRiver.jpg” in the Data files folder.

3. Click the Open button to import the image and close the Open dialog.

4. Click No if prompted to build image pyramids.

Import the topographic date by doing the following::

1. Select File | Open... to bring up the Open dialog

2. Select the file “BedElevations.txt” in the Data files folder

3. Click the Open button to close the Open dialog and bring up the Open File

Format dialog.

4. Select Use Import Wizard and click OK to close the Open File Format

dialog and bring up the File Import Wizard – Step 1 of 2 dialog.

This wizard allows opening of data that may not be in three columns of x, y, and z. Data

in any number of columns, in any order, can be opened through the wizard. The first step

of the File Import Wizard gives the option to specify delimiters and specify a starting

point for importing.

5. In the File import options section, under Set the column delimiters, toggle on

Space.

6. Click on the Next button to bring up the File Import – Step 2 of 2 dialog.

7. Click Finish to finish importing the data and close the File Import – Step 2 of

2 dialog.

A scatter set titled “BedElevations” is imported and now visible in the Main Graphics

Window.

1.5 Display Options

To adjust the display settings to see the elevations contoured:

1. Select Display | Display Options… to bring up the Display Options dialog.

2. Select “Scatter” from the list on the left.

3. On the Scatter tab, toggle off Points and toggle on Contours and Boundary.

4. On the Contours tab in the Contour method section, select “Color Fill” from

the drop-down.

5. Set Transparency to “30%”.

6. Click OK to close the Display Options dialog. The Main Graphics Window

should appear similar to Figure 1.



Figure 1 Elevation data and background image

2 Define Model Domain

The model domain is defined by creating a coverage of the appropriate type, and then

creating arcs and polygons to define the channel, banks, and domain extents.

2.1 Define Coverage Type

A coverage in the Map Module is where different model features are described using GIS

feature objects like points, arcs and polygons. The shape of the modeling domain will be

defined in a generic 2D mesh coverage.

To define the coverage type:

1. Right-click on the Area Property coverage and select Type | Models |

Generic 2D Mesh.

2. Right-click on the Area Property coverage and select Rename.

3. Enter “Hoh River” and press the Enter key to set the new name.

2.2 Create Polygons

To create the needed polygons:

1. Using the Create Feature Arc tool, create a feature arc spanning the

upstream end of the channel (Figure 2).



Figure 2 Upstream boundary

2. Do the same for the downstream end of the channel (Figure 3).

Figure 3 Downstream boundary

3. Create feature arcs connecting the two east node and two west nodes,

following the banks of the channel as indicated by the contour color fill

(Figure 4).



Figure 4 Channel defined

4. Create two more arcs, one east and another west of the channel, to define the

far eastern and western extents of the domain. These arcs will begin and end

on the channel cross section arc previously created (Figure 5).

Figure 5 Domain extents defined



2.3 Define Arc Spacing

The different arcs in the Mesh Boundary coverage can be used to vary the mesh element

size. There are a few different tools used in SMS to do this. In this tutorial, the spacing

between vertices on the arcs will be used to vary the element size to be more refined in

the channel, then gradually increase to the domain extents.

Figure 6 Feature arcs to redistribute

To redistribute the channel arcs, do the following:

1. Using the Select Feature Arc tool and the Shift key, select the east and

west bank arcs as well as the upstream and downstream channel cross section

arcs (the four arcs defining the path of the channel, as in Figure 6).

2. Select Feature Object | Redistribute Vertices… to bring up the Redistribute

Vertices dialog.

3. In the Arc Redistribution section, select Specified Spacing from the Specify

drop-down.

4. Set Spacing to “40.0”.

5. Click OK to close the Redistribute Vertices dialog.

To redistribute the domain extent arcs, do the following:



1. Using the Select Feature Arc tool and the Shift key, select the two arcs

defining the east and west domain extents (Figure 6).

2. Select Feature Object | Redistribute Vertices… to bring up the Redistribute

Vertices dialog.

3. In the Arc Redistribution section, select Specified Spacing from the Specify

drop-down.

4. Set Spacing to “120.0”.

5. Click OK to close the Redistribute Vertices dialog.

2.4 Import Pre-processed Map Data

For this tutorial, a previously-created coverage map will be imported. The connections

between arcs have been smoothed to reduce the size change between neighboring

elements and prevent instabilities in model runs. This file was created using the above

steps. The Min/Max Spacing option was used with Specified Spacing, a few of the

features arcs were split, and a few vertices were changed to nodes to form new arcs.

To import the map data:

1. Select File | Open… to bring up the Open dialog.

2. Select the “HohRiver_Redistributed.map” file in the Data files folder.

3. Click OK to load this coverage and close the Open dialog.

A new coverage named “Final Model” should now be listed in the Project Explorer.

Multiple coverages can be used in SMS, but the rest of the tutorial assumes that the user

is working in the “Final Model” coverage.

4. Toggle off the “Hoh River” coverage. It may also be deleted if desired.

Figure 7 Final model coverage



3 Define Polygon Attributes

3.1 Polygon Materials

The polygons must now be built and defined by doing the following:

1. Select Feature Object | Build Polygons to create three polygons from the

defined arcs.

With polygons created, material types must be assigned:

2. Select Edit | Materials Data to bring up the Materials Data dialog.

3. In the Materials section, double-click on “material 01” in the Name column,

and enter “Channel” as the new name.

4. Click the New button to create a new material.

5. Double-click on “material 03” and enter “Floodplain” as the new name.

Material color and display pattern can be set by selecting the colored button or drop-

down arrow in the Pattern column to the right of each material. Clicking on the colored

button will allow the fill pattern to be changed, and selecting the drop-down arrow will

allow the color of the pattern to be changed.

6. Click OK to close the Materials Data dialog.

3.2 Defining Materials

RiverFLO-2D allows spatial variation of the Manning’s n value. Two material types have

been defined to assign to the polygons. Manning’s n values will be assigned to these

materials later in the tutorial.

SMS allows for different polygons to use different mesh types. RiverFLO-2D supports

triangular mesh elements, so the patch mesh type which fills the polygons with topologic

rectangles will not be used. The scalar paving density method is a more advanced method

than the normal paving option. It allows the user to define a dataset that depicts the node

spacing spatially across the model domain.

To define the materials for the east and west floodplains:

7. Using the Select Feature Polygon tool and the Shift key, select both of

the floodplain polygons as shown in Figure 8.

1. Select Feature Object | Attributes… to bring up the 2D Mesh Multiple

Polygon Properties dialog.

2. Toggle on Mesh Type and select “Paving” from the drop-down.

3. Set Bias (0.0 – 1.0) to “1.00”.

In this example, select the paving mesh type and SMS will vary the element sizing

linearly between the vertex spacing on the previously created feature arcs. For more

information regarding the different mesh types, select the help button at the bottom left

corner of the polygon attributes dialog and search for “Mesh Generation”.



Figure 8 Floodplain polygons selected

4. Toggle on Bathymetry type and select “Scatter Set” from the drop-down.

5. Click the Scatter Options… button to bring up the Interpolation dialog.

6. In the Scatter Set To Interpolate From section, select the “elevation” dataset

and leave all other options at the default values. These options control what

dataset to interpolate if multiple datasets are loaded into SMS and what

interpolation method will be used.

7. Select OK to close the Interpolation dialog.

8. Toggle on Material and select “Floodplain” from the drop-down.

9. Click OK to close the 2D Mesh Multiple Polygon Properties dialog.

To define the materials for the channel:

10. Using the Select Feature Polygon tool, select the channel polygon.

1. Select Feature Object | Attributes… to bring up the 2D Mesh Polygon

Properties dialog.

2. In the Mesh Type section, select “Paving” from the drop-down.



3. Set Bias to “1.00”.

4. In the Bathymetry type section, select “Scatter Set” from the drop-down.

5. Click the “Scatter Options…” button to bring up the Interpolation dialog.

6. In the Scatter Set To Interpolate From section, select the “elevation” dataset

and leave all other options at the default values.

7. Click OK to close the Interpolation dialog.

8. In the Material section, select “Channel” from the drop-down.

9. Click OK to close the 2D Mesh Polygon Properties dialog.

4 RiverFLO-2D Boundary Conditions

Boundary conditions force the model with certain hydrodynamic conditions. For this

model, a flow discharge boundary condition will be specified at the upstream boundary

and water surface elevation at the downstream.

4.1 Feature Arc Attributes

RiverFLO-2D Boundary conditions are assigned to the model by changing the feature arc

attributes in the Map module. This section will describe how to assign different boundary

conditions that will later be transfer automatically to the unstructured mesh.

Set the upstream boundary condition by doing the following:

1. Select the “Final Model” coverage in the Project Explorer to make it active.

2. Using the Select Feature Arc tool, select the upstream cross section arc.

(Figure 9)

Figure 9 Upstream nodestring

3. Select Feature Objects | Attributes… to bring up the Feature Arc Attributes

dialog.



4. In the Attribute Type section, select Boundary Conditions.

5. Click on the Options button to bring up the RiverFLO-2D Nodestring

Boundary Conditions dialog.

6. Toggle on Exterior Boundary Condition in the list on the left.

7. In the Exterior Boundary Condition section, select “Discharge” in the Value

column on the Steady State BC Type row.

8. Enter “67116” in the Value column on the Discharge row.

9. Click OK to exit the RiverFLO-2D Nodestring Boundary Conditions dialog.

10. Click OK to close the Feature Arc Attributes dialog.

The same process applies to the downstream boundary condition, but for this tutorial the

downstream boundary condition will be assigned directly to the mesh to demonstrate how

to do this in SMS. This process is outlined in the next section.

5 Create Unstructured Mesh

5.1 Create Mesh

With the meshing parameters set and the upstream boundary condition defined, the model

is ready to convert to a finite element mesh for RiverFLO-2D. The downstream boundary

condition will be defined directly in the mesh.

1. Select the “Final Model” coverage to make it active and deselect any

polygons that might be selected.

2. Select Feature Objects | Map →2D Mesh to bring up the 2D Mesh Options

dialog.

3. Accept the defaults by clicking OK to close the 2D Mesh Options dialog.

A finite element mesh with triangular elements is created. The node elevations are

interpolated values from the scatter set survey and element material types are based on

the materials set in the polygons attributes.

4. Right click on the new “Final Model” mesh and select Rename.

5. Enter “Final Model Mesh” and press the Enter key to set the new name.

6. In the Project Explorer, uncheck Scatter Data, Map Data, and Images. This

makes it easier to work with the mesh.

5.2 Mesh Display Options

To adjust the mesh display settings to see the elevations contoured:

1. Select Display | Display Options... to bring up the Display Options dialog.

2. Select “2D Mesh” from the list on the left.

3. On the 2D Mesh tab, toggle on Contours.




the drop-down.

5. Click OK to exit the Display Options dialog.

The resulting image should appear similar to Figure 10, below.

Figure 10 Mesh with elevation contours

To visualize the channel in 3D:

1. Select Display | Display Options... to bring up the Display Options dialog.

2. Select “General” from the list on the left.

3. In the Drawing Options section, toggle off Auto z-mag.

4. Set Z magnification to “10.0”. This helps visualize the elevation data since

the range of values in the horizontal and vertical directions is quite different.

5. Click OK to close the Display Options dialog.



6. Using the Rotate tool, click and drag in the Graphics Window to rotate

the grid in 3D. Use the wheel of the mouse to zoom in and out.

7. Return to plan view using the Plan View macro.

5.3 Assigning Downstream Boundary Condition

The upstream discharge was previously defined as a boundary condition. This process

was done independently of the mesh and SMS then automatically mapped over the

boundary condition when the mesh was generated.

Assign a boundary condition directly to the mesh by creating a nodestring as follows:

1. Select the “Final Model Mesh” to make it active.

2. Using the Create Nodestring tool, select the northwest corner

downstream node and begin selecting the nodes from northwest to southeast

along the downstream boundary. Nodes on the nodestring must be selected

from right to left as if facing downstream. Double-click on the last node to

create the nodestring as shown in Figure 11.

Figure 11 Downstream nodestring

3. Using the Select Nodestring tool, select the nodestring by clicking in the

selection box.

4. Select RiverFLO-2D | Assign BC… to bring up the RiverFLO-2D

Nodestring Boundary Conditions dialog.

5. Toggle on Exterior Boundary Condition in the list on the left.

6. In the Exterior Boundary Condition section, select “Water Surface Elevation

(WSE) from the drop-down in the Value column in the Steady State BC Type

row.

7. Enter “166.07” in the Value column of the Water Surface Elevation row.

8. Click OK to close the RiverFLO-2D Nodestring Boundary Conditions

dialog.



For display purposes, SMS has arrows indicating the direction of flow when the

nodestring is selected. If these arrows are pointed in the wrong direction, the nodestring

may be reversed by selecting the nodestring with the Select Nodestring tool, then

right-clicking on the string and selecting Reverse Direction. Creating the nodestring

from right to left as if facing downstream prevents having to take this extra step.

5.4 RiverFLO-2D Components

In RiverFLO-2D, there are different supported components that can be specified by

selecting the nodestring or element and assigning a component or boundary condition to

them. These options are not used is this tutorial but are available for other simulations.

Nodestring components include exterior boundary condition, interior boundary condition,

and weir. Element components include pier, source/sink, culvert inlet, and culvert outlet.

Details regarding these components can be found in the RiverFLO-2D documentation.

6 Material Properties

6.1 Assigning Material Properties

Each element of the mesh is assigned a material type. Each material type includes a value

for Manning’s n roughness coefficient. These material properties must be changed for

this analysis. By assigning a value to each material type, SMS automatically assigns this

value to the elements:

1. Select RiverFLO-2D | Material Properties to open the RiverFLO-2D

Material Properties dialog.

2. In the Materials section, select “Channel” from the list.

3. On the Control Data tab, enter “ 0.035” in the Manning’s n row.

4. In the Materials section, select “floodplain” from the list.

5. On the Control Data tab, enter “ 0.040” in the Manning’s n row.

6. Click OK to close the RiverFLO-2D Material Properties dialog.

The material properties have now been properly defined. The material zones can be

displayed by opening the Display Options dialog and turning on the Materials option

under the 2D Mesh tab.

7 RiverFLO-2D Control Data

7.1 Assigning RiverFLO-2D Parameters

With the unstructured mesh generated, the RiverFLO-2D control data and model

parameters can now be set up by doing the following:

1. Select Mesh Data in the Project Explorer to make it active.



2. Select RiverFLO-2D | Global Parameters… to bring up the RiverFLO-2D

Global Parameters dialog.

3. Set the following on the Control Data tab:

Simulation Time (hrs) to “1.0”.

Output Interval (hrs) to “0.2”.

Variable Time step to “On”.

Variable Time step Multiplier to “1.0”.

Simulation Type to “Steady State”.

Initial Conditions to “Horizontal Water Surface”.

Horizontal Water Surface Elevation to “170.0”.

Mesh Dataset Name to “InitialWSE”.

Wet-Dry Method to “B”.

Leave all other parameters at the default.

4. Select OK to close the RiverFLO-2D Global Parameters dialog.

More information on each of the tabs in the RiverFLO-2D Global Parameters dialog can

be found in the RiverFLO-2D documentation.

7.2 Assigning Initial Water Surface Elevation

In the Control Data tab of the RiverFLO-2D Global Parameters dialog, the Initial

Conditions option was set as Define Initial WSE as Dataset option. There are two

parameters, initial WSE and maximum sediment erosion depth, that can be spatially

varied throughout the model domain and defined as a dataset from SMS. In this tutorial, a

dataset of the initial water elevations will be created and then imported into RiverFLO-

2D.

5. Select the “elevation” dataset under Mesh Data to make it active.

1. Select Data | Data Calculator… to open the Dataset Toolbox dialog.

This dialog has a variety of options for manipulating datasets within SMS. For this

example, the elevation dataset will have five feet added to create the initial WSE

elevation value at each mesh node.

2. In the Datasets section of the Data Calculator section of the dialog, double-

click on the Mesh tree item “elevation” dataset to add the variable to the

Calculator field.

3. Click the + button and type “5”. This adds 5 feet to the variable that is

representing the mesh elevation dataset.

4. Enter “InitialWSE” in the Output dataset name field. See Figure 12.

5. Click the Compute button to have SMS create the new dataset.

6. Click Done to close the Dataset Toolbox dialog.



Figure 12 Dataset calculator

8 Running RiverFLO-2D

8.1 Location of RiverFLO-2D Executable

The Generic model interface allows any model to be used with SMS. To run the model,

specify the directory where the RiverFLO-2D model executable is located.

To do this:

1. Select Edit | Preferences… to bring up the SMS Preferences dialog.

2. On the File Locations tab in the Model Executable section, scroll down the

entry for Generic and click either the BROWSE button to the right or the file

path to the right (it will show one or the other) to bring up the Select model

executable dialog.

3. Browse to the directory that contains the RiverFLO-2D model executable

(the default location is in the SMS 11.2 64-bit\models\RiverFLO-2D folder)

and select “RiverFLO-2Dm3.exe”.

4. Click the Open button to close the Select model executable dialog.

5. Select OK to close the SMS Preferences dialog.

8.2 Model Checker

Before running RiverFLO-2D, the Model Checker should be used by doing the

following:

1. Select RiverFLO-2D | Check Mesh to check the model for errors.



2. Click OK if there are no errors found, and skip to step 4.

3. If there are errors found, follow the directions in the dialog to correct them

before running RiverFLO-2D. Start at step 1 again once the errors are

addressed. If the potential errors are not critical, they can be ignored.

8.3 Saving the Project

It is recommended to save the project before running RiverFLO-2D:

1. Select File | Save As… to bring up the Save As dialog.

2. In the File name field, enter “HohRiverFinal.sms”.

3. Select “Project Files (*.sms)” from the Save as type drop-down.

4. Click Save to save the project and close the Save As dialog.

8.4 Run RiverFLO-2D

Now RiverFLO-2D can be run:

1. Select RiverFLO-2D | Run RiverFLO-2D.

2. Click OK if no errors are found to bring up the RiverFLO-2Dm3 model

wrapper dialog, which shows the progress as the model runs.

3. Once it is complete, click on Yes when the RiverFLO-2Dm3 dialog appears

to close both the RiverFLO-2Dm3 dialog and the RiverFLO-2Dm3 model

wrapper dialog.

SMS will save the 2DM file that contains the input parameters and mesh geometry to run

RiverFLO-2D. After the model converges, the model output will be in the XMDF format

which can then be read into SMS, where the results can be viewed.

The SMS project file in the Data files\Output folder contains a completed solution for the

tutorial that can be imported to view the results without waiting for the model to finish

running.

9 Viewing RiverFLO-2D Output

To import the XMDF output that RiverFLO-2D generated:

1. Select File | Open... to bring up the Open dialog.

2. Browse to the Data files\HohRiverFinal\RiverFLO-2D\Final Model Mesh

folder and select “Final Model Mesh.hdf5” file.

3. Click the Open button to import the file and close the Open dialog.

The RiverFLO-2D model output will be read into SMS as Mesh Datasets. Once the

RiverFLO-2D output file has been imported, the user must decide on how to view the

data. The Project Explorer may be used to select the desired scalar and vector

output datasets.

4. Select the “Depth” scalar dataset in the Project Explorer to make it active.



9.1 Scalar Dataset Options

A good way to view the output is to change the contour display options as follows:

1. Select the Display Options macro to bring up the Display Options dialog.


3. On the 2D Mesh tab, click the All Off button to turn off current display

options.

4. Toggle on Contours and Mesh boundary.


the drop-down.

6. In the Contour interval section, select “Number of Contours” from the drop-

down and enter “25” in the field to the right of the drop-down.

7. Click OK to close the Display Options dialog. The Main Graphic Window


Figure 13 The depth dataset viewed with contours



9.2 Vector Dataset Options

Velocity vectors can be displayed several different ways, including displayed at each

node and on a normalized grid.

To display velocity vectors at each node:

1. Select the “Velocity” vector dataset in the Project Explorer to make it active.

2. Click the Display Options macro to bring up the Display Options dialog.


4. Toggle on Vectors.

5. On the Vectors tab in the Vector Display Placement and Filter section, select

“at each node” from the Display drop-down.

6. Enter “5.0” in the Offset field.



Figure 14 Vectors at each node



The vectors can sometimes display below the contours. The z offset raises the origin of

the vectors so that they are completely visible.

To display vectors on a normalized grid:

1. Click the Display Options macro to bring up the Display Options dialog.


3. On the Vectors tab in the Vector Display Placement and Filter section, select

“on a grid” from the Display drop-down.

4. For both X spacing and Y spacing, enter “15”.


should appear similar to Error! Reference source not found..

Figure 15 Vectors on a normalized grid



This method of displaying vectors is useful when displaying areas with both coarse and

refined areas. With the vectors displayed on a grid, the resolution of the vectors displayed

either increases or decreases to maintain the same pixel spacing when zooming in or out.

9.3 Film Loop Visualization

In addition to single time steps of contours and vectors, animations can be generated and

saved. SMS enables the user to generate and save animations to a film loop.

To create a film loop of the RiverFLO-2D analysis:

1. Select Data | Film Loop... to bring up the Film Loop Setup – General

Options dialog.

2. In the Select Film Loop Type section, select Flow Trace.

3. Click the Next > button to open the Film Loop Setup – Time Options dialog.

4. Click the Next > button to open the Film Loop Setup – Flow Trace Options

dialog.

5. Click the Next > button to open the Film Loop Setup – Display Options

dialog.

6. Click the Finish button to close the Film Loop Setup – Display Options

dialog.

SMS now starts the film loop, adding one frame at a time. Once the last frame has been

added to the loop, the Play AVI Application window will open and the animation will

start looping automatically (Figure 16).

7. Click the Close button at the top right corner of the window when

finished. The film loop has been saved as “sms.avi”.

10 Conclusion

This concludes the RiverFLO-2D tutorial. Continue to experiment with the film loop and

other features as desired, or exit the program.

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