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Summarise on an A4 page using a balance of text and images about a peak flow meter.1) What is a peak flow meter?2) What does it tell you about your lungs?3) In what circumstances is it used by doctors?

Spirometer• Tidal Volume

• Inspiratory reserve volume

• Expiratory reserve volume

• Vital capacity

• Residual volume

• Total lung capacity

Tidal Volume

• Amount of air moving in and out of the lungs during breathing at rest

• Approximately 0.5dm3

(at 12 breaths per minute)

Inspiratory Reserve Volume• How much EXTRA air

can you breath in during forced inspiration

• Measures inspiratory capacity ABOVE the tidal volume

• Uses extra muscles

Expiratory Reserve Volume• How much EXTRA air

can you breath out during forced exspiration

• Measures exspiratory capacity BEYOND the tidal volume

• Uses different muscles

Residual Volume

• Volume remaining in the lungs even after maximum expiration

• Approximately 1.5dm3

Vital Capacity

• Largest possible volume change in the lungs (i.e. from max. inspiration to max. expiration)

• Approximately 5dm3

Total Lung Capacity

• EVERYTHING

• Includes Vital Capacity (the useful volume of air in the lungs) ANDthe Residual Volume (the dead space)

What are we learning about today?

Stand (supported) on one leg, and raise yourselves repeatedly on your standing leg

What do you think this feels like???

BHF ‘legacy’ advert

May 2, 2023

Coronary Heart Disease

Learning objectives• Understand the biological consequences of

smoking in relation to the lungs and the circulatory system, including coronary heart disease– Why does the heart needs its own blood supply?– What causes a heart attack?– How likely are people to have heart attacks?

Smoking

Why is smoking a problem?

It’s bad for your health

Smoking Demonstration

• Why does smoking decrease the vital capacity of the lungs?

• Which chemical caused the cotton wool to go yellow? What effect would this have to gaseous exchange?

• What happened to the indicator? What effect would this have to enzymes and tissues in the lungs?

Effect of smoking on blood vessels - advert

WHAT CAUSES A HEART ATTACK?

True

False

TrueTrue

TrueFalse

True

False

False

True

Quick Quiz

• Heart attacks are common in the UK and other industrialized

countries.

• Only men have heart attacks.

• Young people don’t have heart attacks.

• Smoking increases your risk of heart attack.

• Heart attacks happen when arteries to the heart are blocked.

• Heart attacks are always fatal.

• When you have a heart attack, some of your muscle dies.

• Heart muscle dies when it doesn’t get oxygen.

• Any fat in your diet is harmful.

• Being overweight puts a strain on your heart.

What does this graph show?

State

DescribeInterpret

Highlight key pointsUse the pattern to

Explain why

MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

‘Heart Attack’

Myocardium = the heart muscle

Infarction = tissue death due to oxygen starvation

Fatty deposits build up in arteries, causing a blood clot.

The blood cannot flow through the artery and oxygen cannot get to the cells

Cells have no oxygen and begin to dieAs the heart begins to

die, pain is felt

SYMPTOMS

Heart Attack Symptoms

Chest Pains

Discomfort

Sweating

Weakness

Vomiting

Look at the case study in pairs.Identify:

1. The factors that increase the person’s risk of heart disease

2. The factors that the person can change and the factors that they can’t

3. For the factors they can change, how could this reduce their risk of heart disease?

Imagine you are meeting with this person to discuss their risks of getting heart disease.

Write a role play to show what you would tell them and how they might respond.- Remember to link the changes back to the causes of heart disease and explain why it would work.

Changing Lifestyles

BMI Index

below 18.5 underweight18.5 – 24.9 normal25.0 – 29.9 overweight

30+ obese

Fact File