SMITH RICHARDSON FOUNDATION, INC. · address new security challenges facing the United States,...

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SMITH RICHARDSON

FOUNDATION, INC.

ANNUAL REPORT 2016

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CONTENTS

1 President’s Letter

5 2016 Grant Awards:International Security andForeign Policy Program

30 2016 Grant Awards:Domestic Public Policy Program

43 2016 Grant Awards:Direct Service Program

45 Management’s Financial Report

46 Financial Statements

53 Procedures

54 Trustees, Governors, and Officers

55 Staff and Office Locations

58 History

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PRESIDENT’S LETTER

The mission of the Smith Richardson Foundation is to contribute to important public debates and to address serious public policy challenges facing the United States. The Foundation seeks to help ensure the vitality of our social, economic, and governmental institutions. It also seeks to assist with the development of effective policies to compete internationally and to advance U.S. interests and values abroad.

The Foundation advances its mission through its two principal grant making programs: the International Security and Foreign Policy Program and the Domestic Public Policy Program. The Foundation believes that conflict and change in the international environment continually create needs in the U.S. policy community for analysis and guidance on critical foreign and defense policy issues. In the domestic arena, the Foundation believes that policy makers are seeking innovative and pragmatic solutions to the long-term challenges affecting the well-being of all Americans.

International Security and Foreign Policy

The objective of the International Security and Foreign Policy Program is to assist the U.S. policy community in developing effective national security strategies and foreign policies. The Foundation is committed to supporting projects that help the policy community face the fundamental challenge of ensuring the security of the United States, protecting and promoting American interests and values abroad, and enhancing international order.

For many years, the International Security and Foreign Policy Program has sought to address new security challenges facing the United States, including the threat of terrorism and the rise of cyber conflict, while still maintaining a focus on developments within and relations among great powers. The Foundation continues to support work on critical security issues in three contested regions – Europe, East Asia, and the Middle East – where vital interests of the United States and its allies are at stake. At the same time, the Foundation has sought to support new thinking on how to reshape U.S. political, military, and economic instruments of power to cope with current and future challenges. The Foundation also provides funding to foster the next generation of scholars and analysts and underwrites historical research with implications or lessons for current policy.

The following grants illustrate the types of projects supported by the International Security and Foreign Policy Program:

• American Enterprise Institute: Researchers at the institute will lead a consortium of analysts to identify those factors, including cultural and economic, contributing to political dysfunction in countries in the Middle East and to explore what options are available to address them.

• Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments: A scholar at the center will develop a strategy to secure U.S. interests in Eurasia that allocates U.S. capabilities across

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Europe, East Asia, and the Middle East and to prepare specific regional strategies for those theaters.

• The Dui Hua Foundation: The Foundation will engage in a dialogue with Chinese officials concerning prisoners held for political or religious crimes and will analyze developments shaping China’s political evolution.

• Foundation for the Defense of Democracies: A researcher affiliated with the foundation will explore how adversarial states might engage in cyber-enabled economic warfare tocoerce the United States or its allies and to develop new thinking about strategies to counter this threat.

• National Endowment for Democracy: A scholar at the endowment will identify the strategies that authoritarian powers like China and Russia use to project influence andweaken emerging democracies.

• National Institute for Public Policy: Two researchers will analyze the evolving global nuclear balance of power and offer recommendations for how U.S. forces and policies should be designed to ensure deterrence and stability.

Domestic Public Policy

The Domestic Public Policy Program supports projects that are intended to help the public and policy makers better understand and address critical challenges facing the United States. To that end, the Foundation supports research on and evaluation of existing public policies and programs, as well as projects that inject new ideas into public debates.

The Foundation believes that policy makers face a series of challenges that need to be met if the United States is going to continue to prosper and provide opportunity to all of its citizens. One such challenge is to enhance social and economic mobility through such measures as improving the quality of the primary and secondary school sector and providing opportunities for post-secondary education and training for adults. A second challenge is to create an economic climate hospitable to entrepreneurship and growth. This will require a rethinking of how governments at all levels raise revenue and make fiscal choices among competing priorities as well as greater attention to balancing the costs and benefits of regulatory initiatives. The Foundation seeks to implement its agenda by supporting policy laboratories in which groups of scholars collaborate to evaluate programs and develop new policy thinking, book projects that seek to distill lessons from research and analysis in order to foster wide pubic and policy maker engagement with key policy-related issues, as well as stand-alone research projects.

The following grants illustrate the types of projects supported by the Domestic Public Policy Program:

• Brookings Institution: A group of scholars will examine the slowdown in the U.S. economy’s rate of productivity growth and consider what steps could be taken to accelerate it.

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• Brown University: A group of researchers will analyze patterns of economic mobility and explore whether college enrollment and receipt of public benefits can affect mobility rates.

• Columbia University: A team of scholars affiliated with the university will explore howeconomic forces and technological change are altering U.S. securities markets and explore whether those markets could more effectively supply capital to the U.S. economy.

• Georgetown University: Two scholars will assess how best to help people from low-income backgrounds prepare for success later in life through an examination of the effectiveness of college and non-college training programs.

• Media Policy Center: Personnel from the center will work with Robert Putnam to produce a documentary film based on his book, Our Kids: The American Dream in Crisis.

• Urban Institute: A group of scholars at the institute will analyze the fiscal policies of state and local governments and assess how effectively those policies are supporting economic development and other public priorities.

The Trustees of the Smith Richardson Foundation believe that the country’s well-being depends on vigorous and capable domestic institutions and strong leadership around the world. They hope that through wise and strategic grant making they will enhance the capacity of the public and the policy making community to advance the interests of the nation as a whole.

Peter L. RichardsonPresident

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International Security and Foreign Policy Program

America Abroad Media Washington, DCAAM Journalism Fellowship Program $125,325

Aaron Lobel will lead an effort to improve public understanding of the United States in strategically important Muslim-majority countries. The program will bring senior journalists from the Middle East and Asia to Washington for one-week visits, where they will produce programs that explore U.S. foreign or domestic policy issues for broadcast on major television channels in their home countries.

America and the Muslim World: A Public Diplomacy Initiative $250,000 Aaron Lobel will lead an effort to develop and broadcast public affairs programs in partnership with local networks in Muslim-majority countries. He will host televised town hall meetings in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India, and produce documentary series on issues such as the threat posed by the Islamic State and the refugee crisis in Syria.

American Academy of Arts and Sciences Cambridge, MACivil Wars, Violence, and International Responses $42,141

Karl Eikenberry and Stephen Krasner will lead an effort to examine how the United States can best shape the outcomes of civil wars in fragile states. They will commission a set of essays from experts and practitioners on the sources and consequences of internal conflicts in the developing world. They will identify shortcomings in current U.S. approaches to mitigating such instability and propose reforms in U.S. capabilities and policies. The project’s findings will appear in two special issues of Daedalus, a co-authored policy paper, and related articles and briefings.

American Enterprise Institute Washington, DCEurope’s Pressure Points $125,000

Dalibor Rohác will research and write a monograph exploring the extent to which interrelated political, economic, and social crises might imperil the future of the European Union. He will explore how developments such as the rise of political extremism, economic overregulation, corruption, economic imbalances deriving from Europe’s single currency, and energy dependence on Russia weaken European stability and prosperity.

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Seven Pillars to a New Middle East $275,500 Michael Rubin and Danielle Pletka will lead an effort to examine the causes of political dysfunction in the Middle East and explore potential remedies. They will commission papers that focus on seven key factors shaping the region: ideology and culture, economics, governance, education, religion, regime legitimacy, and strategic dynamics. The project’s findings will appear in an edited volume and will be disseminated through articles and briefings.

American Foreign Policy CouncilWashington, DCThe Asymmetric Strategies of America’s Adversaries $90,090

Ilan Berman will commission analyses that use primary and secondary source material to identify the concepts of asymmetric warfare in the strategic thinking of Russia, China, Iran, and North Korea. The analyses will cover the full spectrum of asymmetric strategies, including cyberwar, electromagnetic pulse attacks, and next-generation offensive technologies. The project’s findings will appear in a monograph.

Atlantic Council Washington, DCD-10 Strategy Paper on Russia $49,720

Ash Jain will lead an effort to explore avenues to foster improved strategic collaboration among the world’s major democratic powers. He will convene government officials and policy experts from the “D-10” powers (Australia, Canada, the European Union, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, South Korea, the United Kingdom, and the United States) in order to develop the elements of a collective strategy to address the security and economic challenges posed by Russia. The project’s findings will appear in a policy paper and related articles and briefings.

Making Europe Grow Again $100,000 Anders Åslund and Simeon Djankov will research and write a book that develops policy options to increase the growth rate of Europe’s economy. They will diagnose Europe’s economic problems and develop a broad set of solutions based on a variety of reform initiatives undertaken in individual European countries.

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Water and U.S. National Security $100,000 Peter Engelke, Chuck Chaitovitz, and David Michel will lead an effort to develop a strategy to cope with political stresses within societies and among countries over access to limited supplies of water. They will conduct interviews and hold workshops with key stakeholders, develop language for a presidential policy directive on water strategy, and design a strategy and process to engage the key powers encompassing the Asian mountain ranges that supply the region’s major rivers. The project’s findings will be presented in a draft policy directive and a series of papers.

Atlas NetworkWashington, DCThe Strategic Operations of Russian and Chinese State-Owned Enterprises in the Economic and Financial Domain

$125,000

Roger Robinson will explore how Russia and China deploy their state-owned enterprises as instruments of economic and financial power. He will analyze the activities of these enterprises through open-source information; conduct interviews with government officials, experts, and business leaders; and host a roundtable involving experts. The project’s findings will appear in a monograph and briefings.

Bipartisan Policy CenterWashington, DCEthno-Sectarianism and Political Order in the Middle East $250,800

Blaise Misztal and Nicholas Danforth will lead an effort to develop new approaches to address ethno-sectarian conflicts in the Middle East. They will examine the balance of power in the region, the historical evolution of its state system and borders, and alternative models of governance and territorial arrangements to deal with the ethno-sectarian drivers of regional conflict. The project’s findings will appear in a monograph and related articles and briefings.

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Washington, DCChina Vitae $184,800

Michael Swaine will edit and publish China Vitae, a searchable database ofthe top 5,000 officials and leading figures in the Chinese political system that is designed to assist scholars and practitioners in conducting leadership analysis.

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U.S. Leadership and the Challenge of State Fragility $49,925 William Burns, in collaboration with scholars and experts at the Carnegie Endowment, Center for a New American Security, and the United States Institute of Peace, will develop a framework for policymakers to use when confronting the challenges of fragile states. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers and outreach activities.

Center for European Policy AnalysisWashington, DCLearning from the Classics: Reviving Ancient Insights for Understanding Modern Strategic Challenges

$150,000

Jakub Grygiel will research and write a book that identifies lessons from classical history that can be used to understand better the nature of power and strategy. He will examine the works of classical writers and historical cases to shed light on the role of individuals in history, the nature of effective decision-making, the imperative of accurately assessing the enemy’s intentions and actions, and the character and behavior of tyrannical regimes.

The Grand Strategy of the Habsburg Empire $49,951 Wess Mitchell will research and write a book that examines the grand strategy of the Habsburg Empire in order to illuminate how it used various instruments of power to navigate among geopolitical rivals, defend threatened frontiers, and cope with the problems of multinational governance.

Center for a New American Security Washington, DCAttacking Terrorist Financing in the Digital Age $150,000

Elizabeth Rosenberg and Zachary Goldman will examine the effectiveness of U.S. efforts to hinder the financing of terrorist groups. They will identify gaps in the existing policy infrastructure for combating terrorist financing, consider whether the current U.S. legal and policy framework is keeping pace with changes in technology and terrorist financing techniques, and suggest new tools for the U.S. counterterrorism toolkit. The project’s findings will appear in a report, a series of commissioned papers, and policy briefings.

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Networking Asian Security: The New Era of Political and Defense Ties in the Pacific

$100,000

Richard Fontaine will lead an effort to produce a blueprint for how the United States and its allies and partners in the Asia-Pacific region might create a networked security system that facilitates collaboration and combined operations outside of a formal alliance structure. He will conduct research, interview former and present U.S. government officials, and undertake field work in several Asia-Pacific countries. The project’s findings will appear in a report and a series of articles.

Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments Washington, DCA U.S. Eurasian Defense Strategy $400,000

Andrew Krepinevich will lead an effort to develop a defense strategy to secure U.S. interests in Eurasia. He and his colleagues will assess the security environment and trends in the three critical theaters of Eurasia (Europe, the Middle East, and East Asia) and examine technological and operational trends shaping military competitions with the major powers. They will also craft defense strategies to allocate U.S. capabilities across Eurasia and develop regional strategies for each of the three theaters. The project’s findings will be presented in a series of monographs.

Center for Strategic and International Studies Washington, DCAvoiding Surprise in Conflicts with Peer Competitors $165,200

Mark Cancian will explore how the United States can best cope with strategic and operational surprises in potential conflicts with peer competitors, including China and Russia. He will assess the nature of possible future conflicts with peer adversaries, examine current U.S. expectations for such conflicts, and identify key areas from which surprises could emerge in conflicts over the next ten years. The project’s findings will appear in a monograph.

Catalytic Nation: A Wiser America in a Turbulent World $100,000 Frederick Barton will research and write a book that examines how the United States can help stabilize fragile states in an increasingly disordered and violent world. He will draw on previous analyses and distill the lessons from his career in diplomacy and development to set forth a paradigm for intervening in such settings in an effective and sustainable manner.

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Escalation and Deterrence in the Second Space Age $100,000 Todd Harrison and Zack Cooper will lead an effort to explore how U.S. national security policy can be adapted to enhance deterrence and escalation control in potential conflicts in space. They will conduct a series of tabletop exercises with space, defense, and regional experts from the policy and think-tank communities to explore how players respond under a range of space conflict scenarios. The project’s findings will appear in a monograph and a series of articles and briefings.

Imperial Traditions and Grand Strategies in Eurasia: Implications for Today $200,000 Jeffrey Mankoff will lead an effort to assess the imperial traditions of major powers in Eurasia, including Russia, China, Iran, and Turkey, in order to understand better how these patterns might shape their future behavior. The project’s findings will appear in a monograph.

Responding to the Russia Challenge: Defense and Security Priorities for the United States

$249,798

Kathleen Hicks and Lisa Samp will develop a blueprint for a more robust U.S. strategy to counter Russia’s use of hybrid warfare to project its power in Europe. They will examine the genesis of Russia’s aggressive conduct, explore lessons from past U.S. approaches to managing Russia’s behavior, and offer recommendations for adjustments in U.S. and NATO strategies and capabilities to manage the challenge posed by Russia. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

The Great Migration: Understanding the Long-Term Implications of Europe’s Migration Crisis

$100,000

Heather Conley will examine how the migration crisis in Europe could change the region’s political, economic, and social landscape and affect transatlantic relations. She will lead a team of researchers to analyze the costs and benefits of European policy choices regarding the migration crisis, the resulting changes in budgetary trends and spending patterns, and the policy tradeoffs that will be prompted by the crisis. The project’s findings will appear in a monograph.

Zbigniew Brzezinski Annual Prize and Lecture $250,000 The Center for Strategic and International Studies will host an annual lecture by a scholar or practitioner whose lifetime of work has addressed the challenges posed by the relationship between strategy and moral purpose in foreign policy. The individual will be awarded the Zbigniew Brzezinski Prize.

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Chatham House, Royal Institute of International AffairsLondon, UK Moscow Rules: How Russia Sees the World, and What That Means for the West $100,000

Keir Giles will research and write a book that assesses how enduring traditions of Russian policy elites shape the country’s current foreign policies. He will conduct interviews, convene a study group, and undertake research and analysis in order to explain the historical and domestic political roots and drivers of Russia’s interactions with great powers and neighboring states.

Claremont McKenna CollegeClaremont, CARegime Security in China: Organization, Strategy, Tactics, and Vulnerabilities $117,180

Minxin Pei will research and write a book that assesses the viability of Xi Jinping’s strategy to preserve the rule of China’s Communist Party through escalating repression. He will conduct research and field work to examine the party’s survival strategy, document the structure and operations of its security establishment, and assess the strengths and vulnerabilities of the Chinese regime.

The Committee for Human Rights in North Korea Washington, DCDeconstructing the Kim Regime Policy of Human Rights Denial and Understanding Its Transmission and Transgression Mechanisms

$175,000

Greg Scarlatoiu will direct the research program of the Committee for Human Rights in North Korea. The committee will produce reports on North Korea’s Workers’ Party, the privileges and human rights abuses experienced by North Korea’s nuclear scientists, the pressure the nuclear program exerts on society to extract resources, and the regime’s human rights violations at the local level. The committee’s findings will be published in a series of monographs and disseminated through briefings.

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Council on Foreign Relations New York, NY The Missing Element in the U.S.–ROK Alliance: Forging Regional Common Purpose in East Asia

$225,000

Scott Snyder will direct a research program designed to provide the policy community with a deeper understanding of Korean affairs and to foster a channel of communication between the U.S. policy community and emerging South Korean political leaders and policy experts. He will undertake work in four areas: U.S.–South Korean approaches toward China, South Korea’s emerging policy initiatives toward Southeast Asia, U.S.–South Korean alliance coordination, and South Korea’s internal political and social developments. The project’s findings will appear in a series of reports and articles.

The Dui Hua FoundationSan Francisco, CAHuman Rights Policy in the Age of Xi Jinping $175,000

John Kamm will direct the work of the Dui Hua Foundation to examinePresident Xi Jinping’s efforts to suppress dissent and repress civil societyand to assess the implications of these policies for China’s political evolution. He will conduct research on changes in Chinese law and regulations as well as the cases of individual political detainees; conduct quarterly trips to China to discuss these cases with representatives of theMinistries of Foreign Affairs and Justice; and engage in policy outreach togovernments and multilateral organizations involved in human rightsadvocacy vis-à-vis China. The project’s findings will appear in a series ofpapers, reports, and other publications.

Electric Infrastructure Security CouncilWashington, DC

U.S. Lifeline Infrastructure Security $150,000 Chris Beck will lead an effort to explore how the United States could best recover from long-duration power outages that could result from a severecyberattack, an electromagnetic pulse event, or other causes. He will lead ateam of experts to identify the upgrades needed to enable a restart of thenational electric grid after such events. The project’s findings will bepresented in an operational handbook as well as related articles and briefings.

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Council on Foreign RelationsNew York, NYThe Missing Element in the U.S.–ROK Alliance: Forging Regional Common Purpose in East Asia

$225,000

Scott Snyder will direct a research program designed to provide the policycommunity with a deeper understanding of Korean affairs and to foster achannel of communication between the U.S. policy community and emerging South Korean political leaders and policy experts. He will undertake work in four areas: U.S.–South Korean approaches toward China, South Korea’s emerging policy initiatives toward Southeast Asia, U.S.–South Korean alliance coordination, and South Korea’s internal political and social developments. The project’s findings will appear in a series ofreports and articles.

The Dui Hua FoundationSan Francisco, CAHuman Rights Policy in the Age of Xi Jinping $175,000

John Kamm will direct the work of the Dui Hua Foundation to examine President Xi Jinping’s efforts to suppress dissent and repress civil society and to assess the implications of these policies for China’s political evolution. He will conduct research on changes in Chinese law and regulations as well as the cases of individual political detainees; conduct quarterly trips to China to discuss these cases with representatives of the Ministries of Foreign Affairs and Justice; and engage in policy outreach to governments and multilateral organizations involved in human rights advocacy vis-à-vis China. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers, reports, and other publications.

Electric Infrastructure Security Council Washington, DC

U.S. Lifeline Infrastructure Security $150,000 Chris Beck will lead an effort to explore how the United States could best recover from long-duration power outages that could result from a severe cyberattack, an electromagnetic pulse event, or other causes. He will lead a team of experts to identify the upgrades needed to enable a restart of the national electric grid after such events. The project’s findings will be presented in an operational handbook as well as related articles and briefings.

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EMP Task Force on National and Homeland SecurityMineral, VAFederal, State, and Private Initiatives to Achieve Preparedness Against an Electromagnetic Pulse Catastrophe

$148,500

Peter Pry will explore how best to improve U.S. preparedness against a natural or man-made electromagnetic pulse (EMP) event. He will work with federal policymakers, state legislatures and officials, and leaders of electrical utilities and other interested corporations to educate them about the EMP threat and possible solutions. He will also research and write analyses that describe progress and continuing obstacles to achieving EMP preparedness at the federal and state levels. The project’s findings will appear in a white paper, a book, and related briefings.

Foreign Policy Research InstitutePhiladelphia, PAYour Foreign Policy: Every American’s Role in Engaging Arab Societies $114,400

Joseph Braude will research and write a book that examines how American society could help influence the political landscape of the Middle East. He will explore how the United States can use society-to-society relationshipsto engage eight key sectors of the Arab world: entertainment industries, educational systems, religious institutions, organized labor, the privatesector, the security sector, political parties, and policy institutions.

The Foundation for Defense of DemocraciesWashington, DCCyber-Enabled Economic Warfare: Preparing America to Prevail in a NewBattle Space

$250,000

Samantha Ravich will lead an effort to help U.S. policymakers develop aresponse to the threat of cyber-enabled economic warfare. She will analyzethe strategies of U.S. adversaries who might try to use cyberattacks tocoerce the United States or one of its allies by damaging their economiesand degrading their security capacity. The project’s findings will appear intwo monographs and a series of articles and briefings.

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EMP Task Force on National and Homeland SecurityMineral, VAFederal, State, and Private Initiatives to Achieve Preparedness Against anElectromagnetic Pulse Catastrophe

$148,500

Peter Pry will explore how best to improve U.S. preparedness against anatural or man-made electromagnetic pulse (EMP) event. He will work with federal policymakers, state legislatures and officials, and leaders ofelectrical utilities and other interested corporations to educate them about the EMP threat and possible solutions. He will also research and writeanalyses that describe progress and continuing obstacles to achieving EMPpreparedness at the federal and state levels. The project’s findings will appear in a white paper, a book, and related briefings.

Foreign Policy Research InstitutePhiladelphia, PAYour Foreign Policy: Every American’s Role in Engaging Arab Societies $114,400

Joseph Braude will research and write a book that examines how American society could help influence the political landscape of the Middle East. He will explore how the United States can use society-to-society relationships to engage eight key sectors of the Arab world: entertainment industries, educational systems, religious institutions, organized labor, the private sector, the security sector, political parties, and policy institutions.

The Foundation for Defense of DemocraciesWashington, DCCyber-Enabled Economic Warfare: Preparing America to Prevail in a New Battle Space

$250,000

Samantha Ravich will lead an effort to help U.S. policymakers develop a response to the threat of cyber-enabled economic warfare. She will analyze the strategies of U.S. adversaries who might try to use cyberattacks to coerce the United States or one of its allies by damaging their economies and degrading their security capacity. The project’s findings will appear in two monographs and a series of articles and briefings.

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Foundation for Resilient SocietiesNashua, NHCritical Electric-Grid Reliability Issues and Priorities for Resilience at the State and Federal Levels

$200,000

Thomas Popik, William Harris, and George Baker will examine approaches to improve the resilience of the U.S. electric grid. They will identify the full spectrum of critical grid-reliability issues and identify remedial actions that can be taken by regulators at the federal, regional, or state level. They will also outline a proposal for a new federal agency devoted to electric reliability, undertake a case study of the electric reliability threat in New England, educate stakeholders and the public on the need to reform the regulation of electric power generation and distribution, and start to build a cadre of younger analysts and policy thinkers on critical infrastructure issues. The project’s findings will appear in a series of articles and monographs.

Freedom House Washington, DCFreedom in the World: The Annual Survey of Political Rights and Civil Liberties

$200,000

Arch Puddington will research and edit Freedom in the World, an annual survey of political freedom and democracy around the globe.

George Mason UniversityFairfax, VACRISPR and Biosecurity: Assessing Risks, Benefits, and Governance Options of New Gene Editing Tools

$134,519

Jesse Kirkpatrick and Gregory Koblentz will assess the implications forbiological warfare and biodefense of the new genomic engineering technique known as Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short PalindromicRepeats (CRISPR). They will review and synthesize research from thescientific, public policy, and national security literature; commission a series of papers; and organize two workshops involving experts from thenational security and scientific communities. The project’s findings will appear in a white paper, a computer-based visualization website, and a series of briefings and presentations.

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Foundation for Resilient SocietiesNashua, NHCritical Electric-Grid Reliability Issues and Priorities for Resilience at theState and Federal Levels

$200,000

Thomas Popik, William Harris, and George Baker will examine approachesto improve the resilience of the U.S. electric grid. They will identify thefull spectrum of critical grid-reliability issues and identify remedial actionsthat can be taken by regulators at the federal, regional, or state level. Theywill also outline a proposal for a new federal agency devoted to electricreliability, undertake a case study of the electric reliability threat in NewEngland, educate stakeholders and the public on the need to reform theregulation of electric power generation and distribution, and start to build acadre of younger analysts and policy thinkers on critical infrastructureissues. The project’s findings will appear in a series of articles and monographs.

Freedom HouseWashington, DCFreedom in the World: The Annual Survey of Political Rights and CivilLiberties

$200,000

Arch Puddington will research and edit Freedom in the World, an annual survey of political freedom and democracy around the globe.

George Mason UniversityFairfax, VACRISPR and Biosecurity: Assessing Risks, Benefits, and Governance Options of New Gene Editing Tools

$134,519

Jesse Kirkpatrick and Gregory Koblentz will assess the implications for biological warfare and biodefense of the new genomic engineering technique known as Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR). They will review and synthesize research from the scientific, public policy, and national security literature; commission a series of papers; and organize two workshops involving experts from the national security and scientific communities. The project’s findings will appear in a white paper, a computer-based visualization website, and a series of briefings and presentations.

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The German Marshall Fund of the United StatesWashington, DCFinancial Globalization: China’s Changing Power-Projection Capabilities and the American Response

$150,000

Thilo Hanemann will research and write a monograph that assesses the strengths and vulnerabilities of China as a global financial power. He will analyze the scope of Chinese financial power and examine how a variety of scenarios involving greater financial liberalization of the Chinese economy might affect Beijing’s financial statecraft and China’s economic stability.

The Henry L. Stimson CenterWashington, DCContinuity and Change in Pakistan’s Strategic Literature, Thinking, and Behavior

$150,000

Sameer Lalwani will research and write a book that explores the strategic thinking of Pakistan’s military. He will review and analyze approximately 2,600 articles from Pakistan’s leading military journals, convert them into a digital and searchable database, conduct interviews, and organize a workshop involving experts on Pakistani security policy.

Hoover Institution Stanford, CAChina Leadership Monitor $124,314

Alice Lyman Miller will edit and publish the China Leadership Monitor.The publication will track China’s leadership politics in seven areas: foreign policy, military affairs, economic affairs, political reform, Communist party affairs, center-provincial relations, and relations among the U.S., China, and Taiwan.

Hudson InstituteWashington, DCBuilding a U.S.–Japan Special Relationship: Defense Trade and CollectiveSecurity in East Asia

$100,000

Arthur Herman will explore how to strengthen bilateral defense and industrial cooperation between the United States and Japan. He will examine ways to strengthen the U.S.–Japan defense relationship and outline the steps necessary to conclude a defense-trade cooperation treaty. Theproject’s findings will be presented in a series of reports and a monograph.

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The German Marshall Fund of the United StatesWashington, DCFinancial Globalization: China’s Changing Power-Projection Capabilities and the American Response

$150,000

Thilo Hanemann will research and write a monograph that assesses thestrengths and vulnerabilities of China as a global financial power. He will analyze the scope of Chinese financial power and examine how a variety ofscenarios involving greater financial liberalization of the Chinese economymight affect Beijing’s financial statecraft and China’s economic stability.

The Henry L. Stimson CenterWashington, DCContinuity and Change in Pakistan’s Strategic Literature, Thinking, and Behavior

$150,000

Sameer Lalwani will research and write a book that explores the strategicthinking of Pakistan’s military. He will review and analyze approximately 2,600 articles from Pakistan’s leading military journals, convert them into adigital and searchable database, conduct interviews, and organize aworkshop involving experts on Pakistani security policy.

Hoover InstitutionStanford, CAChina Leadership Monitor $124,314

Alice Lyman Miller will edit and publish the China Leadership Monitor.The publication will track China’s leadership politics in seven areas: foreign policy, military affairs, economic affairs, political reform, Communist partyaffairs, center-provincial relations, and relations among the U.S., China, and Taiwan.

Hudson Institute Washington, DCBuilding a U.S.–Japan Special Relationship: Defense Trade and Collective Security in East Asia

$100,000

Arthur Herman will explore how to strengthen bilateral defense and industrial cooperation between the United States and Japan. He will examine ways to strengthen the U.S.–Japan defense relationship and outline the steps necessary to conclude a defense-trade cooperation treaty. The project’s findings will be presented in a series of reports and a monograph.

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Countering Iran $175,000 Michael Doran and Peter Rough will lead an effort to develop a U.S. strategy toward Iran in the aftermath of the nuclear agreement. They will conduct research, analysis, and field work to examine Iranian policies vis-à-vis Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, the Gulf States, and the Palestinian territories; Iran’s growing relationship with Russia; and the internal sources of Iranian conduct, particularly its domestic politics. The project’s findings will appear in a series of monographs.

Current Trends in Islamist Ideology $139,230 Hillel Fradkin will edit and publish Current Trends in Islamist Ideology, a journal that will analyze the ideological and political debates within and among transnational Islamist movements.

India’s Great Power Aspirations: What Holds Them Back? $75,000 Aparna Pande will research and write a book that examines whether India is adopting a more activist foreign policy under Prime Minister Narendra Modi. She will conduct field work and organize workshops to assess whether India is breaking away from its traditionally passive and reactive foreign policy.

Institut für die Wissenschaften vom MenschenVienna, Austria Ukraine, Russia, and the Future of the West $148,500

Timothy Snyder will research and write a book that traces the historical origins of the Russia-Ukraine conflict and the dynamics of the political/military struggle in eastern Ukraine. He will explore the historic evolution of Ukraine’s national identity and its relationships with Russia and Europe; research and analyze the 2013–2014 national revolution in Ukraine; and explore the tactics, strategies, and philosophical views of the two sides in the ongoing war in Ukraine.

Institute for Democracy in Eastern EuropeWashington, DCThe New Terrorism $25,000

Walter Laqueur will research and write a book that assesses the evolving challenge of transnational terrorism.

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Countering Iran $175,000 Michael Doran and Peter Rough will lead an effort to develop a U.S. strategy toward Iran in the aftermath of the nuclear agreement. They will conduct research, analysis, and field work to examine Iranian policies vis-à-vis Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, the Gulf States, and the Palestinian territories; Iran’s growing relationship with Russia; and the internal sources of Iranian conduct, particularly its domestic politics. The project’s findings will appear in a series of monographs.

Current Trends in Islamist Ideology $139,230 Hillel Fradkin will edit and publish Current Trends in Islamist Ideology, a journal that will analyze the ideological and political debates within and among transnational Islamist movements.

India’s Great Power Aspirations: What Holds Them Back? $75,000 Aparna Pande will research and write a book that examines whether India isadopting a more activist foreign policy under Prime Minister NarendraModi. She will conduct field work and organize workshops to assess whether India is breaking away from its traditionally passive and reactiveforeign policy.

Institut für die Wissenschaften vom MenschenVienna, AustriaUkraine, Russia, and the Future of the West $148,500

Timothy Snyder will research and write a book that will trace the historical origins of the Russia-Ukraine conflict and the dynamics of thepolitical/military struggle in eastern Ukraine. He will explore the historicevolution of Ukraine’s national identity and its relationships with Russiaand Europe; research and analyze the 2013–2014 national revolution in Ukraine; and explore the tactics, strategies, and philosophical views of thetwo sides in the ongoing war in Ukraine.

Institute for Democracy in Eastern Europe Washington, DCThe New Terrorism $25,000

Walter Laqueur will research and write a book that assesses the evolving challenge of transnational terrorism.

13

Institute for Foreign Policy AnalysisCambridge, MAWeighing the Consequences of China’s Control Over the South China Sea $175,332

Charles Perry and Jacquelyn Davis will explore the potential military and geopolitical consequences of an assertion of control by China over the South China Sea. They will collect and analyze primary and secondary materials on major-power military policies and capabilities in the region; organize a workshop in Washington; and conduct interviews with experts and officials in the United States, China, Japan, South Korea, and Singapore. The project’s findings will appear in a monograph and a series of briefings.

Institute for Science and International Security Washington, DCStrengthening the Counter–Illicit Nuclear Trade Regime $100,000

David Albright will lead an effort to identify threats to the effectiveness of the global nuclear export and technology control regime and examine ways to bolster the export control regime. The project’s findings will be presented in a series of reports and briefings.

Institute for State EffectivenessWashington, DCSustaining and Advancing Afghanistan’s Reform Agenda $275,000

Clare Lockhart, Scott Guggenheim, and Homayun Qayoumi will test a new model of foreign-assistance implementation by supporting a policy planning team working with the president’s office in Afghanistan to design and field institutional reforms and national development programs. They will engage the government of Afghanistan on human capital development, natural resources development, industrial development, and anti-corruption initiatives. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers, briefings, and articles.

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The Institute for the Study of War Washington, DCNew Ways of War in a Disorderly World $296,000

Kimberly Kagan and Jessica Lewis McFate will explore how the United States and its allies can best adapt to the challenges posed by hybrid warfare. They will conduct primary source research, analyze open source intelligence, and use visual and pattern analysis platforms and other technologies to identify new trends in armed conflict, focusing on the actions of Russia, Iran, the Islamic State, and Jabhat al-Nusra. The project’s findings will appear in a series of reports.

The Jamestown Foundation Washington, DCChina Brief $100,000

Peter Wood will edit and publish China Brief, a bi-weekly report on keypolitical, military, economic, and geopolitical developments in China.

Eurasia Daily Monitor $250,000 Vladimir Socor will edit and publish the Eurasia Daily Monitor, a daily report that will analyze key political, economic, military, and geopolitical events and trends in Eurasia.

Fighting the Far Enemy: The Meaning and Evolution of Jihadist Campaigns Against the West

$108,350

Daveed Gartenstein-Ross and Nathaniel Barr will research and write a book that explores whether jihadi terrorist attacks thought to be lone wolf operations are connected to the external operations sections of extremist networks based in the Middle East. They will analyze primary source materials from Islamic terrorist organizations, Western law enforcement institutions, and media accounts on jihadi plots targeting Western Europe and North America since 1993.

How to Defeat ISIS on the Ideological Battlefield $158,125 Michael Ryan will research and write a monograph that develops a framework for a global strategy to defeat the Islamic State on the level of ideology. He will collect and analyze the Islamic State’s ideological propaganda materials, identify and analyze the Koranic references and hadiths in these sources, and convene experts to explore approaches to fielding a phased ideological campaign against the Islamic State.

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Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, MDGeopolitics Along the New Silk Road $43,450

Daniel Markey will research and write a book that explores the geopolitical evolution of South and Central Asia. He will conduct field work in China, India, Pakistan, Central Asia, and the Middle East, and organize workshops in Washington involving U.S. experts.

Roads to Chinese Power: Railroad Infrastructure and Beijing’s Quest for Influence

$129,800

David Lampton, Cheng-Chwee Kuik, and Selina Ho will research and write a book that analyzes how China seeks to project its influence through foreign economic initiatives such as a proposed railroad network through Southeast Asia.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MAThe Japanese Intelligence Community $89,331

Richard Samuels will research and write a book that examines the trajectory of Japan’s intelligence reform efforts and assesses whether Japan can be integrated more deeply into U.S.-led intelligence cooperation activities in the future. He will analyze government documents, survey relevant secondary literature, and conduct interviews in Japan and Washington.

The Miller Center FoundationCharlottesville, VAThe Nixon Administration and the Foundations of Contemporary Weapons of Mass Destruction Arms Control and Nonproliferation

$50,000

Erin Mahan and Patrick Garrity will research and write a book that analyzes the origins of arms control thinking during the Nixon administration in order to draw out lessons for contemporary challenges.

16

National Endowment for DemocracyWashington, DCThe Projection of Malign Authoritarian Influence: Vulnerable Democracies in Contested Space

$128,700

Christopher Walker will lead an effort to examine the strategies and tools that authoritarian states use to undermine young democracies. He will commission research and analyses on Slovakia, Poland, Argentina, and Peru in order to identify the ways authoritarian powers, particularly Russia and China, project influence into and seek to weaken emerging democracies. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

National Institute for Public PolicyFairfax, VAAn Assessment of U.S. Strategic and Nuclear Policy Issues in Support of a NewAdministration

$200,000

Keith Payne and Thomas Scheber will lead an effort to adapt and strengthen the U.S. nuclear posture to respond to the evolving international securityenvironment. They will analyze changes in the threat environment since thelast Nuclear Posture Review in 2010 and assess their implications for plans and programs to modernize nuclear forces and infrastructure, declaratorypolicies and force postures, and arms control. The project’s findings will appear in a monograph and a series of articles and briefings.

Foreign Military Space Capabilities: Implications for the United States $75,000 Stephen Lambakis will research and write a monograph that examines theprinciples and requirements for U.S. space security strategy. He willexamine the proliferation of space-related technologies around the world; analyze the evolving space strategies and capabilities of four potential adversary states (China, Russia, North Korea, and Iran); and identify howthese trends may create military opportunities for potential adversaries ofthe United States.

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National Endowment for DemocracyWashington, DCThe Projection of Malign Authoritarian Influence: Vulnerable Democracies in Contested Space

$128,700

Christopher Walker will lead an effort to examine the strategies and toolsthat authoritarian states use to undermine young democracies. He will commission research and analyses on Slovakia, Poland, Argentina, and Peru in order to identify the ways authoritarian powers, particularly Russia and China, project influence into and seek to weaken emerging democracies. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

National Institute for Public PolicyFairfax, VAAn Assessment of U.S. Strategic and Nuclear Policy Issues in Support of a New Administration

$200,000

Keith Payne and Thomas Scheber will lead an effort to adapt and strengthen the U.S. nuclear posture to respond to the evolving international security environment. They will analyze changes in the threat environment since the last Nuclear Posture Review in 2010 and assess their implications for plans and programs to modernize nuclear forces and infrastructure, declaratory policies and force postures, and arms control. The project’s findings will appear in a monograph and a series of articles and briefings.

Foreign Military Space Capabilities: Implications for the United States $75,000 Stephen Lambakis will research and write a monograph that examines the principles and requirements for U.S. space security strategy. He will examine the proliferation of space-related technologies around the world, analyze the evolving space strategies and capabilities of four potential adversary states (China, Russia, North Korea, and Iran), and identify how these trends may create military opportunities for potential adversaries of the United States.

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New America FoundationWashington, DCIdentifying and Supporting Grassroots Counternarratives to Violent Extremism in the Middle East and North Africa

$150,000

Nadia Oweidat will research and write a book that describes trends in liberal democratic content in Arabic-language social media and assesses what they might mean for U.S. efforts to counter extremism in the Middle East and North Africa.

The Wily Man: Pursuing Truth, Ambition, and Compromise in Putin’s Russia $75,000 Joshua Yaffa will research and write a book that explores how Russians view the Russian state and its political leaders. He will interview Russians from various walks of life, including the military, the media, and the dissident community, in an effort to understand better how they interact with and maneuver around state institutions in their daily lives.

Nonproliferation Policy Education CenterArlington, VASpeaking Truth to Nonproliferation $225,000

Henry Sokolski will direct the research and publications program of theNonproliferation Policy Education Center. He will commission a series ofhistorical studies of U.S. nonproliferation policy that assess how U.S.policymakers responded to early intelligence regarding these threats and how their responses shaped the policy outcomes. The project’s findingswill be presented in an edited volume of case studies and a final report.

Ohio State UniversityColumbus, OHThe Impact of Military Organizational Culture on Security $49,306

Peter Mansoor will lead an effort to examine how the cultures of militaryorganizations shape their ability to adapt to new challenges in wartime. Hewill commission case studies on different periods in American, German, Soviet, Japanese, Israeli, and Iraqi military history to explore how cultureacross a diverse range of settings shaped particular decisions and outcomesin war. The project’s findings will appear in an edited volume.

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New America FoundationWashington, DCIdentifying and Supporting Grassroots Counternarratives to Violent Extremismin the Middle East and North Africa

$150,000

Nadia Oweidat will research and write a book that describes trends in liberaldemocratic content in Arabic-language social media and assess what theymight mean for U.S. efforts to counter extremism in the Middle East and North Africa.

The Wily Man: Pursuing Truth, Ambition, and Compromise in Putin’s Russia $75,000 Joshua Yaffa will research and write a book that explores how Russiansview the Russian state and its political leaders. He will interview Russiansfrom various walks of life, including the military, the media, and thedissident community, in an effort to understand better how they interact with and maneuver around state institutions in their daily lives.

Nonproliferation Policy Education Center Arlington, VASpeaking Truth to Nonproliferation $225,000

Henry Sokolski will direct the research and publications program of the Nonproliferation Policy Education Center. He will commission a series of historical studies of U.S. nonproliferation policy that assess how U.S. policymakers responded to early intelligence regarding these threats and how their responses shaped the policy outcomes. The project’s findings will be presented in an edited volume of case studies and a final report.

Ohio State UniversityColumbus, OHThe Impact of Military Organizational Culture on Security $49,306

Peter Mansoor will lead an effort to examine how the cultures of military organizations shape their ability to adapt to new challenges in wartime. He will commission case studies on different periods in American, German, Soviet, Japanese, Israeli, and Iraqi military history to explore how culture across a diverse range of settings shaped particular decisions and outcomes in war. The project’s findings will appear in an edited volume.

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Pacific Forum CSISHonolulu, HIComparative Connections: A Triannual E-Journal on East Asian Bilateral Relations

$201,682

Ralph Cossa and Brad Glosserman will edit and publish Comparative Connections, an electronic journal that tracks developments in more than a dozen bilateral relations across East Asia.

The Potomac FoundationVienna, VABaltic Security Net Assessment and U.S. Military Options $100,000

Phillip Petersen and Phillip Karber will research and write a book that examines policy options that could deter or defeat Russian military actions against the Baltic states. They will conduct a net assessment of the balance of power in the Baltic region, undertake simulations of a variety of scenarios, evaluate the military effectiveness of various defense force postures and strategies, and develop recommendations for the structure and roles of U.S. and other NATO forces in the Baltic region.

Project 2049 InstituteArlington, VAU.S.–Taiwan Relations in a Sea of Political Change: Navigating the First Hundred Days and Beyond

$166,476

Randall Schriver will lead an effort to explore how best to maintain stablecross-strait relations at a time of political transition in Washington and Taipei. The project’s findings will appear in a series of reports and briefings.

RAND CorporationSanta Monica, CAA Counter-ISIS Strategy $415,000

Seth Jones and James Dobbins will lead an effort to develop a global strategy to defeat the Islamic State and its associated groups. They will conduct research and analysis and convene experts to examine thesignificance and nature of the threat posed by the Islamic State to the United States; the military, diplomatic, financial, and ideological instruments that the United States should deploy in a rollback strategy against the IslamicState; and how the United States should construct a phased campaign against the Islamic State and its affiliates in specific countries, specificregions, and globally. The project’s findings will appear in a monograph and related briefings.

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Pacific Forum CSISHonolulu, HIComparative Connections: A Triannual E-Journal on East Asian Bilateral Relations

$201,682

Ralph Cossa and Brad Glosserman will edit and publish ComparativeConnections, an electronic journal that tracks developments in more than adozen bilateral relations across East Asia.

The Potomac FoundationVienna, VABaltic Security Net Assessment and U.S. Military Options $100,000

Phillip Petersen and Phillip Karber will research and write a book that examines policy options that could deter or defeat Russian military actions against the Baltic states. They will conduct a net assessment of the balanceof power in the Baltic region, undertake simulations of a variety ofscenarios, evaluate the military effectiveness of various defense forcepostures and strategies, and develop recommendations for the structure androles of U.S. and other NATO forces in the Baltic region.

Project 2049 InstituteArlington, VAU.S.–Taiwan Relations in a Sea of Political Change: Navigating the FirstHundred Days and Beyond

$166,476

Randall Schriver will lead an effort to explore how best to maintain stable cross-strait relations at a time of political transition in Washington and Taipei. The project’s findings will appear in a series of reports and briefings.

RAND Corporation Santa Monica, CAA Counter-ISIS Strategy $415,000

Seth Jones and James Dobbins will lead an effort to develop a global strategy to defeat the Islamic State and its associated groups. They will conduct research and analysis and convene experts to examine the significance and nature of the threat posed by the Islamic State to the United States; the military, diplomatic, financial, and ideological instruments that the United States should deploy in a rollback strategy against the Islamic State; and how the United States should construct a phased campaign against the Islamic State and its affiliates in specific countries, specific regions, and globally. The project’s findings will appear in a monograph and related briefings.

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America’s Strategy-Resource Mismatch $266,000 Timothy Bonds and Michael Lostumbo will research and write a monograph that explores how the policy community can address the growing gap between U.S. national security commitments and the military resource capabilities available to fulfill them. They will assess five major military contingencies that reflect American national security commitments, analyze the force requirements and shortfalls, and consider various options for addressing these gaps.

Financial Intelligence in the Age of Digital Money and Global Jihad: A Protocol for Targeting and Analyzing Digitally Based Terrorist Financing

$150,000

Cynthia Dion-Schwarz and Martin Libicki will analyze whether and how al Qaida, Hezbollah, and the Islamic State are using new cryptocurrencies to support their operations. They will analyze the capabilities, requirements, and limitations of cryptocurrencies and develop a set of potential indicators so that the policy community will have warning that a terrorist organization may be employing crypto-based financial capabilities. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

Improving U.S. Special Operations to Defeat Nonconventional Threats $256,212 Charles Cleveland will explore how to develop more effective special operations forces capabilities to counter nonconventional threats from stateand non-state actors. He will examine key challenges that the United States faces in effectively contesting nonconventional strategies of adversaries, categorize how the United States is currently using its special operationscapabilities to contest those threats, and set forth recommendations on how such capabilities could be used more effectively. The project’s findings willappear in a report.

Small Wars FoundationBethesda, MDSmall Wars Journal $100,000

David Dilegge will edit the Small Wars Journal, a web-based periodical thatpublishes research and analysis on the challenges of coping with irregular warfare and stabilization operations.

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America’s Strategy-Resource Mismatch $266,000 Timothy Bonds and Michael Lostumbo will research and write amonograph that explores how the policy community can address thegrowing gap between U.S. national security commitments and the militaryresource capabilities available to fulfill them. They will assess five major military contingencies that reflect American national security commitments, analyze the force requirements and shortfalls, and consider various optionsfor addressing these gaps.

Financial Intelligence in the Age of Digital Money and Global Jihad: A Protocol for Targeting and Analyzing Digitally Based Terrorist Financing

$150,000

Cynthia Dion-Schwarz and Martin Libicki will analyze whether and how al Qaida, Hezbollah, and the Islamic State are using new cryptocurrencies to support their operations. They will analyze the capabilities, requirements, and limitations of cryptocurrencies and develop a set of potential indicatorsso that the policy community will have warning that a terrorist organization may be employing crypto-based financial capabilities. The project’sfindings will appear in a report.

Improving U.S. Special Operations to Defeat Nonconventional Threats $256,212 Charles Cleveland will explore how to develop more effective special operations capabilities to counter nonconventional threats from state and non-state actors. He will examine key challenges that the United States faces in effectively contesting nonconventional strategies of adversaries, categorize how the United States is currently using its special operations capabilities to contest those threats, and set forth recommendations on how such capabilities could be used more effectively. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

Small Wars Foundation Bethesda, MDSmall Wars Journal $100,000

David Dilegge will edit the Small Wars Journal, a web-based periodical that publishes research and analysis on the challenges of coping with irregular warfare and stabilization operations.

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Stanford UniversityPalo Alto, CAComparing U.S. and Chinese Infrastructure Development Abroad $100,000

Francis Fukuyama and Raymond Levitt will lead an effort to examine whether the United States can become more effective at projecting its influence around the world through the support of infrastructure projects. To assess the relative strengths and weaknesses of U.S. capabilities, they will compile a database of infrastructure projects and commission a series of comparative case studies on infrastructure projects carried out by the United States and China. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

Strategic Capacity GroupMcLean, VAEnhancing the Quality and Impact of Defense Institution Building $150,000

Querine Hanlon will examine how the United States can best help other nations build more effective defense institutions. She will conduct four case studies to analyze the effectiveness of existing defense institution–building programs and develop recommendations to address gaps and challenges in current U.S. approaches and capabilities. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers.

Frontier Justice: The New Environment for U.S. Rule of Law Assistance $144,590 Robert Perito will examine how the United States can most effectively help other countries establish or strengthen the rule of law. He will map current activities in U.S. rule of law assistance programs, visit representativecountries to evaluate current U.S. rule of law programs on the ground, and develop ideas for new approaches to rule of law programming. Theproject’s findings will appear in a handbook for policymakers and non-governmental organizations.

University of ChicagoChicago, ILArmed Politics and the State in South Asia $88,398

Paul Staniland will research and write a book that explores how states in South Asia are responding to the proliferation of armed groups and irregular conflicts in the region. He will build a database of the armed groupsoperating in Pakistan, India, and Myanmar and the policy responses that therespective governments have adopted toward these groups in order to assess how well states are meeting these challenges to political stability and security.

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Stanford UniversityPalo Alto, CAComparing U.S. and Chinese Infrastructure Development Abroad $100,000

Francis Fukuyama and Raymond Levitt will lead an effort to examinewhether the United States can become more effective at projecting itsinfluence around the world through the support of infrastructure projects. To assess the relative strengths and weaknesses of U.S. capabilities, theywill compile a database of infrastructure projects and commission a series of comparative case studies on infrastructure projects carried out by theUnited States and China. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

Strategic Capacity GroupMcLean, VAEnhancing the Quality and Impact of Defense Institution Building $150,000

Querine Hanlon will examine how the United States can best help other nations build more effective defense institutions. She will conduct four casestudies to analyze the effectiveness of existing defense institution–building programs and develop recommendations to address gaps and challenges in current U.S. approaches and capabilities. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers.

Frontier Justice: The New Environment for U.S. Rule of Law Assistance $144,590 Robert Perito will examine how the United States can most effectively help other countries establish or strengthen the rule of law. He will map current activities in U.S. rule of law assistance programs, visit representative countries to evaluate current U.S. rule of law programs on the ground, and develop ideas for new approaches to rule of law programming. The project’s findings will appear in a handbook for policymakers and non-governmental organizations.

University of ChicagoChicago, ILArmed Politics and the State in South Asia $88,398

Paul Staniland will research and write a book that explores how states in South Asia are responding to the proliferation of armed groups and irregular conflicts in the region. He will build a database of the armed groups operating in Pakistan, India, and Myanmar and the policy responses that the respective governments have adopted toward these groups, in order to assess how well states are meeting these challenges to political stability and security.

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Wisconsin Project on Nuclear Arms Control Washington, DCIran Watch $150,000

Gary Milhollin and Valerie Lincy will assess the implementation of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, the agreement to curb Iran’s nuclear programs, as well as Iran’s ongoing efforts to develop ballistic-missile-delivery capabilities. They will assemble a database listing Iranian organizations linked to these weapons programs and their foreign suppliers, compile a compendium of official documents on Iran’s programs, produce a summary of current and previous sanctions and Iran’s efforts to evade them, and prepare a history of Iran’s weapons programs. The project’s findings will appear on the Iran Watch website as well as in a series of articles and reports.

Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars Washington, DCThe Future of the Kurds $248,182

Henri Barkey and Amberin Zaman will research and write a book that assesses the implications of the emergence of additional autonomous Kurdish political entities or an independent Kurdish state. They will conduct field work and research in order to develop scenarios regarding the evolution of the Kurdish political landscape across Turkey, Iraq, Syria, and Iran.

World Affairs InstituteWashington, DCTransatlantic Renewal Project $150,000

Lorne Craner and James Denton will lead an effort to develop a U.S. strategy toward Central and Eastern Europe. They will commission a series of papers and convene roundtable meetings bringing together U.S. and Central and East European experts to discuss ways to enhance political cooperation, address internal governance problems, and respond to the newthreat from Russia. The project’s findings will appear in an edited volumeand a final communique.

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Wisconsin Project on Nuclear Arms ControlWashington, DCIran Watch $150,000

Gary Milhollin and Valerie Lincy will assess the implementation of theJoint Comprehensive Plan of Action, the agreement to curb Iran’s nuclearprograms, as well as Iran’s ongoing efforts to develop ballistic-missile-delivery capabilities. They will assemble a database listing Iranian organizations linked to these weapons programs and their foreign suppliers, compile a compendium of official documents on Iran’s programs, produce a summary of current and previous sanctions and Iran’s efforts to evade them, and prepare a history of Iran’s weapons programs. The project’s findingswill appear on the Iran Watch website as well as a series of articles and reports.

Woodrow Wilson International Center for ScholarsWashington, DCThe Future of the Kurds $248,182

Henri Barkey and Amberin Zaman will research and write a book that assesses the implications of the emergence of additional autonomousKurdish political entities or an independent Kurdish state. They willconduct field work and research in order to develop scenarios regarding theevolution of the Kurdish political landscape across Turkey, Iraq, Syria, and Iran.

World Affairs InstituteWashington, DCTransatlantic Renewal Project $150,000

Lorne Craner and James Denton will lead an effort to develop a U.S. strategy toward Central and Eastern Europe. They will commission a series of papers and convene roundtable meetings bringing together U.S. and Central and Eastern European experts to discuss ways to enhance political cooperation, address internal governance problems, and respond to the new threat from Russia. The project’s findings will appear in an edited volume and a final communique.

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Security Studies Initiative

American Academy for Strategic Education Washington, DCA School for Strategy: Renewal and Expansion $187,000

Jacqueline Deal, Stephen Rosen, and Aaron Friedberg will lead a series of executive education seminars designed to develop a cadre of young analysts and policy thinkers with the skills to devise and implement long-term competitive strategies to advance U.S. policy. They will also establish fellowships for some of the most promising participants in the program.

Columbia UniversityNew York, NYSummer Workshop on Analysis of Military Operations and Strategy $228,833

Richard Betts will organize an annual summer study program to train young scholars to analyze military strategy, combat operations, and defense budgets and programs.

The Foreign Policy Initiative Washington, DCCenter for Military and Diplomatic History $300,000

Mark Moyar will lead an effort to demonstrate for how diplomatic and military history can shed light on current national security challenges. He will organize a series of meetings for foreign policy professionals at which they can learn about new works of diplomatic and military history, interact with leading historians, and receive history-based policy briefings. He will also organize essay competitions focused on writing that relates diplomatic and military history to current affairs.

Harvard UniversityCambridge, MACold War Studies Publications Program $200,000

Mark Kramer and Timothy Colton will edit and publish the Journal of Cold War Studies.

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University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PACASI Annual Indian Security Workshop $32,230

Devesh Kapur will convene an annual conference to facilitate an interaction between younger researchers and their senior counterparts on issues related to India’s security and defense policies.

University of Texas at AustinAustin, TXSummer Seminar in History and Statecraft and Grant Program $100,000

William Inboden and Paul Miller will direct an annual summer seminar series to support the development of a cadre of aspiring young scholars and policy thinkers skilled in the use of history to understand contemporary issues of statecraft. The program will also support graduate student research and field work.

Yale UniversityNew Haven, CTInternational Security Studies $241,151

Paul Kennedy will lead a program that supports graduate student research and field work on topics related to international history.

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Strategy and Policy Fellows Program

Atlantic Council Washington, DC Cross-Border Oil and Gas Pipelines: The Intersection of Politics, Geography, and Energy Markets

$60,000

Miyeon Oh will research and write a book that examines the geopolitics and economics behind the decisions of countries to enter into cross-border oil and gas pipeline agreements.

Philadelphia, PA Uprooted: Displacement and Dispossession in the Twenty-First Century $60,000

Benedetta Berti will research and write a book that explores the causes ofthe unprecedented increase in the number of displaced persons around theworld and considers how the rise in displacement might shape theinternational order in the future.

Harvard UniversityCambridge, MABig Business, Capital Mobility, and Regime Dynamics in Eurasia: The Cases of Russia and Ukraine

$60,000

Irina Melnykovska will research and write a book that explores how the risein economic and financial globalization affects corruption in weak statesand empowers illiberal regimes.

RAND CorporationSanta Monica, CAUnderstanding Institution Building $60,000

Andrew Radin will research and write a book that explores how greater awareness of local political landscapes can improve Western efforts tocreate effective democratic institutions in the developing world.

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Rice University Houston, TXReligious Authority and Institutional Sources of Religious Party Moderation in Western Europe and the Middle East

$60,000

A. Kadir Yildirim will research and write a book that explores the extent towhich political parties with religious orientations become more moderateand secular over time. He will examine how Catholic parties in Belgium,Germany, and Italy, as well as Muslim parties in Egypt, Iran, Tunisia, andTurkey, confronted questions related to religious and secular authority.

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Strategy and Policy Fellow Program

Atlantic CouncilWashington, DCCross-Border Oil and Gas Pipelines: The Intersection of Politics, Geography, and Energy Markets

$60,000

Miyeon Oh will research and write a book that examines the geopoliticsand economics behind the decisions of countries to enter into cross-border oil and gas pipeline agreements.

Foreign Policy Research InstitutePhiladelphia, PAUprooted: Displacement and Dispossession in the Twenty-First Century $60,000

Benedetta Berti will research and write a book that explores the causes of the unprecedented increase in the number of displaced persons around the world and considers how the rise in displacement might shape the international order in the future.


$60,000




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$60,000





$60,000

Irina Melnykovska will research and write a book that explores how the risein economic and financial globalization affects corruption in weak states and empowers illiberal regimes.



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$60,000





$60,000


RAND CorporationSanta Monica, CA Understanding Institution Building $60,000

Andrew Radin will research and write a book that explores how greater awareness of local political landscapes can improve Western efforts to create effective democratic institutions in the developing world.

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World Politics and Statecraft Fellowship Program

$7,500

$7,500

$7,500

$7,500

$7,500

$7,500

$7,500

Columbia UniversityNew York, NYMilitary Responses to Popular Uprisings: The Arab Spring in Comparative Perspective Nicholas Lotito

Promises Under Pressure: Reassurance and Burden-Sharing Pressure in U.S. Alliances Brian Blankenship

Georgetown UniversityWashington, DCAuthoritarian Regimes’ Counterstrategy Against American Democracy Promotion: The China Model Sungmin Cho

Harvard UniversityCambridge, MAA Constellation of Outposts: French Military Intelligence and the Making of Modern North Africa, 1914–1962 Guillaume Wadia

Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, MASeizing the Initiative? Explaining China’s Strategic Force Postures in the Space, Cyber, and Nuclear Domains Fiona Cunningham

Smart Bully: Explaining Chinese CoercionKetian Zhang

Understanding the Origins of Nonviolent Political ResistanceStephen Wittels

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$7,500

The Ohio State UniversityColumbus, OHPacific Triumvirate: Great Britain, Japan, and the United States in the Geostrategic Shift Around the Pacific Rim, 1880–1920 Daniel Curzon

Stanford UniversityPalo Alto, CARights and Power: Arab Human Rights Organizations in the International System

$7,500

Catherine Duryea

Syracuse UniversitySyracuse, NYCivil-Military Relations and Conflict Escalation in Regional Nuclear Powers $7,500 Giles Arceneaux

Tufts UniversityMedford, MAThe Twin Pillars of Resurgent Authoritarianism: The Impact of Internal Control and Power on Foreign Policy in Russia and China

$7,500

Torrey Taussig

University of California, San DiegoLa Jolla, CAIdeology and Public Opinion in China $7,500 Jason Wu

University of DenverDenver, COPower, Pride, and Perception: Chinese Nationalist Discourse and theCampaign to Internationalize the Renminbi

$7,500

Michael Bartee

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The Ohio State UniversityColumbus, OHPacific Triumvirate: Great Britain, Japan, and the United States in theGeostrategic Shift Around the Pacific Rim, 1880–1920

$7,500

Daniel Curzon

$7,500

$7,500

$7,500

$7,500

$7,500

Stanford UniversityPalo Alto, CA

Rights and Power: Arab Human Rights Organizations in the International System Catherine Duryea

Syracuse UniversitySyracuse, NYCivil-Military Relations and Conflict Escalation in Regional Nuclear PowersGiles Arceneaux

Tufts UniversityMedford, MAThe Twin Pillars of Resurgent Authoritarianism: The Impact of Internal Control and Power on Foreign Policy in Russia and China Torrey Taussig

University of California, San DiegoLa Jolla, CAIdeology and Public Opinion in ChinaJason Wu

University of DenverDenver, COPower, Pride, and Perception: Chinese Nationalist Discourse and the Campaign to Internationalize the Renminbi Michael Bartee

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$7,500

$7,500

University of Texas at AustinAustin, TXEngaging the Evil Empire: U.S.–Soviet Relations in the Second Cold WarSimon Miles

University of VirginiaCharlottesville, VAInsurgent Organizational Effectiveness in Civil WarsSamuel Plapinger

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Domestic Public Policy Program

The American Enterprise InstituteWashington, DCFinancing Human Capital: What Should Federal Student Loan Policies Do? $55,000

Jason Delisle and Matthew Chingos will examine how federal programs for the repayment of student loans can best protect borrowers from excessive risk while reducing the potential costs to taxpayers. They will analyze data from credit reports to examine patterns of default and delinquency among student borrowers. They will also explore how borrowers perceive the risk of default, how collection agencies seek to recoup payments from delinquent borrowers, and how borrowers view the possibility of entering into alternative repayment programs. The project’s findings will appear in a report, a series of papers, and briefings for policymakers.

American Institutes for ResearchWashington, DCDoes More Instructional Time Buy Higher Educational Achievement? Lessons from Florida’s Additional Instructional Time Program

$199,423

Umut Özek and Kristian Holden will examine whether increasing the length of the school day can improve academic achievement among students attending low-performing schools. They will assess the impact on student achievement of a Florida policy that requires low-performing schools to provide students with an extra hour of literacy instruction. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

Arizona State UniversityTempe, AZThe Demand for Teacher Characteristics in the Child-Care Labor Market $16,369

Chris Herbst will examine whether the quality of early childhood programs can be increased through more effective teacher recruitment and hiring practices. He will mail out fictitious resumes to a random sample of early-childhood-care providers in order to measure the qualities and characteristics, such as educational background, work experience, and certification status, that employers prioritize when hiring teachers. The project’s findings will appear in an article.

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Association for Education Finance and Policy Columbia, MOPractitioner and Policymaker Outreach & Connections $19,600

Daniel Goldhaber and Susan Dynarski will organize an effort to increase opportunities for education policy researchers to share findings from their work with public officials and policy practitioners at the Association of Education Finance and Policy’s annual research conference. Participants will learn about new research findings and develop relationships to enable the sharing of data and facilitate future research opportunities.

Brookings Institution Washington, DCExperimental Innovation in Policy $200,000

Ron Haskins and James Manzi will lead an effort to help public officials make greater use of randomized controlled trials to improve their policies and programs. They will work with public officials in the Michigan Office of Child Support Enforcement to set up trials to help them increase the collection of child support payments from non-custodial parents. The project’s findings will appear in a report and a series of briefings.

Exploring Labor Market Issues $112,500 Janice Eberly and James Stock will lead an effort to examine the state of the American labor market and assess how short-term weaknesses and long-term trends affect both the material wellbeing of employees and the vibrancy of the U.S. economy as a whole. They will commission research papers from leading economists on key labor-market issues, such as the labor-force participation rate of less-educated individuals and the ways changing family structure affects the labor market. The papers will appear in The Brookings Papers on Economic Activity.

The Slowdown in Productivity Growth: Is It Happening? Why Is It Happening? Why Does It Matter?

$250,000

Martin Baily, Louise Sheiner, and David Wessel will lead an effort to examine why the productivity growth rate of the U.S. economy appears to be slowing and consider whether policy reforms could reverse that trend. They will commission a series of analyses to explore hypotheses that have been offered to explain the productivity growth slowdown, including the increased size of sectors of the economy, such as health care, that appear to be slow to adopt productivity-enhancing innovations and the decline in the rate of new business formation. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers and a single-author report.

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Brown UniversityProvidence, RIImproving the Teacher Hiring and Match Process: A Research Partnership with Boston Public Schools

$150,000

Matthew Kraft, John Papay, and Nathan Jones will assess whether giving principals increased autonomy to hire the teachers who they believe best match the needs of their schools can lead to increases in student achievement. They will use data from Boston Public Schools to examine the effects of a district policy that decentralizes authority for teacher hiring to principals. The project’s findings will appear in a report and a series of papers.

The Mechanisms of Intergenerational Mobility in the United States $262,149 Raj Chetty, John Friedman, and Nathan Hendren will lead an effort to examine the extent to which a variety of public policies can promote or hinder upward mobility. Drawing on data from tax returns, they measure the extent to which college enrollment promotes economic mobility and assess how the receipt of Social Security Disability Insurance affects the employment and earnings of adults and their children. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers and short articles.

Columbia UniversityNew York, NYCatalyzing a New Special Study of the Securities Markets $250,000

Merritt Fox, Lawrence Glosten, and Edward Greene will lead an effort to explore how changes in financial markets and technology are shaping U.S. securities markets and consider whether the policy community should broadly rethink how the United States regulates these markets. They will empanel a working group of experts in law and financial economics and commission a series of papers to assess how securities markets are functioning in three broad areas: trading markets, primary markets for raising capital, and intermediaries between investors and capital markets. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers as well as a final report. The project seeks to serve as an impetus for a new effort by the Securities and Exchange Commission to rethink security market regulation, along the lines of the Special Study undertaken in 1963 that set many of the parameters for today’s regulatory structure.

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Grassroots Dynamism Project $250,000 Edmund Phelps will lead an effort to better understand what factors affect the dynamism of major developed economies. The project will measure the rate of indigenous innovation in more than thirty-five countries over the past sixty years and then estimate the extent to which cultural values drive such innovation. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers and a monograph.

Leveling the Playing Field for High School Choice Through InformationalTools: A Randomized Intervention Study

$162,181

Sarah Cohodes and Sean Corcoran will examine whether children fromlow-income backgrounds can improve school performance by using informational tools designed to help them and their parents choose high schools that best meet their needs. They will provide students at randomlyselected New York City schools with varying forms and levels ofinformation about high school options. They will measure the extent towhich this information affected their school choices and the degree to which those choices later led to improvements in student performance. Theproject’s findings will appear in a series of papers and briefings.

Linking Information and Families Together: A Randomized Trial to ImproveParental Engagement and Student Outcomes

$42,894

Peter Bergman will undertake an experimental evaluation of a program that uses technology to provide information from teacher grade books directly toparents via regular automatic phone calls, in an effort to increase parentalengagement in their children’s educational progress. The project’s findingswill appear in a report.

Documentary FoundationSacramento, CAAmerica Lost: Documentary Film $50,000

Keith Ochwat and Christopher Rufo will produce a documentary film exploring the causes and consequences of stagnating rates of social mobilityin the United States. The film will examine how economic and social changes have contributed to the decline in social mobility in three American cities: Youngstown, Ohio; Stockton, California; and Memphis, Tennessee. The portraits of those communities will be supplemented by expert commentary from leading scholars with expertise in poverty and publicpolicy. The film will air on PBS and be available from online sources.

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Grassroots Dynamism Project $250,000 Edmund Phelps will lead an effort to better understand what factors affect the dynamism of major developed economies. The project will measure therate of indigenous innovation in more than thirty-five countries over thepast sixty years and then estimate the extent to which cultural values drivesuch innovation. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers and a monograph.

Leveling the Playing Field for High School Choice Through Informational Tools: A Randomized Intervention Study

$162,181

Sarah Cohodes and Sean Corcoran will examine whether children from low-income backgrounds can improve school performance by using informational tools designed to help them and their parents choose high schools that best meet their needs. They will provide students at randomly selected New York City schools with varying forms and levels of information about high school options. They will measure the extent to which this information affected their school choices and the degree to which those choices later led to improvements in student performance. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers and briefings.

Linking Information and Families Together: A Randomized Trial to Improve Parental Engagement and Student Outcomes

$42,894

Peter Bergman will undertake an experimental evaluation of a program that uses technology to provide information from teacher grade books directly to parents via regular automatic phone calls, in an effort to increase parental engagement in their children’s educational progress. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

Documentary Foundation Sacramento, CAAmerica Lost: Documentary Film $50,000

Keith Ochwat and Christopher Rufo will produce a documentary film exploring the causes and consequences of stagnating rates of social mobility in the United States. The film will examine how economic and social changes have contributed to the decline in social mobility in three American cities: Youngstown, Ohio; Stockton, California; and Memphis, Tennessee. The portraits of those communities will be supplemented by expert commentary from leading scholars with expertise in poverty and public policy. The film will air on PBS and be available from online sources.

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Georgetown UniversityWashington, DCCan Autonomy and Equity Make Schools More Productive? The Case of California’s Statewide Reform

$69,911

Marguerite Roza will examine whether financing schools through a weighted student formula, which links financial resources to the needs of students, can make schools more productive. She will examine data on school spending in California after the state adopted such a formula to assess whether it led to more resources going to schools that serve a large percentage of students from disadvantaged backgrounds, how schools used those resources, and whether there were any associations between these changes and levels of student achievement. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

Creating Opportunity: Making College and the Job Market Work Better forDisadvantaged Students

$43,415

Harry Holzer and Sandy Baum will research and write a book that assesseshow well post-secondary schools are preparing students from disadvantaged backgrounds for successful careers. They will synthesize findings fromexisting research and undertake new analyses to answer questions such aswhy college completion rates for students from low-income backgroundsare so low, why post-college earnings for these students are uneven, and whether educational and training opportunities other than college might better provide such individuals with the skills they need to succeed in thelabor market.

Harvard UniversityCambridge, MAValidating Teacher Effects on Non-Tested Outcomes $50,000

Martin West and David Blazar will explore whether individual teachers can have a measurable effect on non-cognitive student outcomes, such asbehavior, attendance, and perseverance. They will make use of datacollected as part of an experimental evaluation of teacher effectiveness tomeasure whether some teachers are better able than others to improvestudent attainment of non-cognitive skills, which have been shown to beassociated with success later in life. The project’s findings will appear in areport.

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Georgetown UniversityWashington, DCCan Autonomy and Equity Make Schools More Productive? The Case of California’s Statewide Reform

$69,911

Marguerite Roza will examine whether financing schools through aweighted student formula, which links financial resources to the needs ofstudents, can make schools more productive. She will examine data on school spending in California after the state adopted such a formula toassess whether it led to more resources going to schools that serve a largepercentage of students from disadvantaged backgrounds, how schools used those resources, and whether there were any associations between thesechanges and levels of student achievement. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

Creating Opportunity: Making College and the Job Market Work Better for Disadvantaged Students

$43,415

Harry Holzer and Sandy Baum will research and write a book that assesses how well post-secondary schools are preparing students from disadvantaged backgrounds for successful careers. They will synthesize findings from existing research and undertake new analyses to answer questions such as why college completion rates for students from low-income backgrounds are so low, why post-college earnings for these students are uneven, and whether educational and training opportunities other than college might better provide such individuals with the skills they need to succeed in the labor market.

Harvard UniversityCambridge, MAValidating Teacher Effects on Non-Tested Outcomes $50,000

Martin West and David Blazar will explore whether individual teachers can have a measurable effect on non-cognitive student outcomes, such as behavior, attendance, and perseverance. They will make use of data collected as part of an experimental evaluation of teacher effectiveness to measure whether some teachers are better able than others to improve student attainment of non-cognitive skills, which have been shown to be associated with success later in life. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

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Information Technology & Innovation FoundationWashington, DCSmall Is Not Beautiful: Why Economic Policy Should Be Size-Agnostic $154,550

Robert Atkinson and Michael Lind will research and write a book that reviews and synthesizes existing research on what firms of different sizes contribute to the economy, catalogues the various public policies in place that create incentives for firms of different sizes, and considers how policies could be reformed so that they are not biased toward firms of particular sizes.

Manhattan Institute for Policy ResearchNew York, NYFinancial Market Regulation and the U.S. Economy: Assessing the Impacts of Dodd-Frank

$250,000

Charles Calomiris will lead an effort to examine how regulations enacted in the aftermath of the financial crisis affect the financial sector and the intermediation of capital to the rest of the economy. He will commission papers on questions such as whether stress tests of financial institutions are affecting the supply of credit to the economy and whether new rules are shaping the size of banks and changing the composition of their balance sheets. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers and a report.

MDRCNew York, NYExtended Follow-Up for WorkAdvance Evaluation $115,000

Richard Hendra will examine whether a sectoral approach toward workforce development that engages employers to train individuals for available jobs and then provides new employees with ongoing training and support can help those individuals succeed at jobs that offer opportunitiesfor advancement and increased earnings. He will collect and analyzeadministrative data on employment and earnings from individuals five yearsafter they enrolled in a program that adopted the WorkAdvance strategy. He will also undertake a cost-benefit analysis of the program. The project’sfindings will appear in a report and a series of research briefs.

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Information Technology & Innovation FoundationWashington, DCSmall Is Not Beautiful: Why Economic Policy Should Be Size-Agnostic $154,550

Robert Atkinson and Michael Lind will research and write a book that reviews and synthesizes existing research on what firms of different sizescontribute to the economy, catalogues the various public policies in placethat create incentives for firms of different sizes, and considers how policiescould be reformed so that they were not biased toward firms of particular sizes.

Manhattan Institute for Policy ResearchNew York, NYFinancial Market Regulation and the U.S. Economy: Assessing the Impacts of Dodd-Frank

$250,000

Charles Calomiris will lead an effort to examine how regulations enacted in the aftermath of the financial crisis affect the financial sector and theintermediation of capital to the rest of the economy. He will commission papers on questions such as whether stress tests of financial institutions areaffecting the supply of credit to the economy and whether new rules areshaping the size of banks and changing the composition of their balancesheets. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers and a report.

MDRCNew York, NYExtended Follow-Up for WorkAdvance Evaluation $115,000

Richard Hendra will examine whether a sectoral approach toward workforce development that engages employers to train individuals for available jobs and then provides new employees with ongoing training and support can help those individuals succeed at jobs that offer opportunities for advancement and increased earnings. He will collect and analyze administrative data on employment and earnings from individuals five years after they enrolled in a program that adopted the WorkAdvance strategy. He will also undertake a cost-benefit analysis of the program. The project’s findings will appear in a report and a series of research briefs.

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Media & Policy Center Foundation of CaliforniaSanta Monica, CAOur Kids: The American Dream in Crisis: A Documentary Film $300,000

Harry Wiland and Dale Bell will produce a four-hour film based on Robert Putnam’s book Our Kids: The American Dream in Crisis. The film will seek to foster a wider public debate over the growing gap in opportunities for children from different socioeconomic backgrounds and potential policy solutions to close that gap.

The National Bureau of Economic Research. Cambridge, MAConcentrated Poverty and Social Mobility $109,690

Lawrence Katz and Jens Ludwig will assess the extent to which growing up in a high-poverty neighborhood reduces opportunities for families and their children to move up the socioeconomic ladder. The project’s findings will appear in a report and a series of papers.

Trade and Labor-Market Adjustment $236,412 Gordon Hanson and Stephen Redding will lead an effort to examine how changes in patterns of international trade are affecting the employment and earnings of American workers. They will commission a series of research papers on topics such as whether Trade Adjustment Assistance programs help individuals recover from trade-related job losses, the long-term impacts of trade agreements on employment and earnings, and whether individuals living in regions affected by negative trade shocks migrate to areas of the country less affected by trade. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers that will be published in a special edition of the Journal of International Economics.

Opportunity AmericaWashington, DCUnderstanding the Role of Certification in Equipping Individuals for Employment

$49,500

Tamar Jacoby will research and write a report that will explore whether employer-developed certification programs can effectively prepareindividuals for employment. She will undertake field research in four industries—automobile repair, metalworking, information technology, and construction—to explore how employers develop and then use certification programs to signal to potential employees what kinds of skills they need towork in a given industry.

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Media & Policy Center Foundation of CaliforniaSanta Monica, CAOur Kids: The American Dream in Crisis: A Documentary Film $300,000

Harry Wiland and Dale Bell will produce a four-hour film based on Robert Putnam’s book Our Kids: The American Dream in Crisis. The film will seek to foster a wider public debate over the growing gap in opportunitiesfor children from different socioeconomic backgrounds and potential policysolutions to close that gap.

The National Bureau of Economic Research.Cambridge, MAConcentrated Poverty and Social Mobility $109,690

Lawrence Katz and Jens Ludwig will assess the extent to which growing up in a high-poverty neighborhood reduces opportunities for families and their children to move up the socioeconomic ladder. The project’s findings will appear in a report and a series of papers.

Trade and Labor-Market Adjustment $236,412 Gordon Hanson and Stephen Redding will lead an effort to examine howchanges in patterns of international trade are affecting the employment and earnings of American workers. They will commission a series of research papers on topics such as whether Trade Adjustment Assistance programshelp individuals recover from trade-related job losses, the long-term impacts of trade agreements on employment and earnings, and whether individuals living in regions affected by negative trade shocks migrate toareas of the country less affected by trade. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers that will be published in a special edition of theJournal of International Economics.

Opportunity AmericaWashington, DCUnderstanding the Role of Certification in Equipping Individuals for Employment

$49,500

Tamar Jacoby will research and write a report that will explore whether employer-developed certification programs can effectively prepare individuals for employment. She will undertake field research in four industries—automobile repair, metalworking, information technology, and construction—to explore how employers develop and then use certification programs to signal to potential employees what kinds of skills they need to work in a given industry.

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Outcomes Research InstituteStanford, CAAccountability and School Institutions in Cross-Country Perspective $155,674

Eric Hanushek and Ludger Woessmann will examine whether key institutional features of school systems, such as accountability measures, teacher assessments, and school financing, can improve educational outcomes. They will build a panel set of cross-national student achievement data drawn from the Program for International Student Assessment and then develop corresponding data on institutional features of national school systems. They will use these data to begin testing hypotheses about how differing institutional arrangements are associated with varying levels of educational performance. The project’s findings will appear in a series of reports, papers, and briefings.

New York UniversityNew York, NYIncreasing the Pace and Rigor of Practitioner-Led RCTs Through BetaGov $200,000

Angela Hawken will lead an effort to help public officials make greater use of internally generated randomized controlled trials to improve their policies and programs. She will work with public officials in school districts and social service agencies to set up trials to test various reforms of programs and services. The project’s findings will appear in a report and a series of briefings.

Stanford UniversityPalo Alto, CAMany Small Steps: Using Text Messaging to Improve Parental Engagement and Their Young Children’s Development

$290,086

Susanna Loeb will examine whether text messaging technology can be usedto help parents support the education and development of their preschool-aged children. She will undertake a series of experimental evaluations totest whether text messages that provide tips and advice for parents can beused to promote literacy, numeracy, and social and emotional learning. Theproject will test whether interventions had positive effects on child outcomes. The project’s findings will appear in a report and a series ofpapers.

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Outcomes Research InstituteStanford, CAAccountability and School Institutions in Cross-Country Perspective $155,674

Eric Hanushek and Ludger Woessmann will examine whether keyinstitutional features of school systems, such as accountability measures, teacher assessments, and school financing, can improve educational outcomes. They will build a panel set of cross-national student achievement data drawn from the Program for International Student Assessment and then develop corresponding data on institutional features ofnational school systems. They will use these data to begin testing hypotheses about how differing institutional arrangements are associatedwith varying levels of educational performance. The project’s findings willappear in a series of reports, papers, and briefings.

New York UniversityNew York, NYIncreasing the Pace and Rigor of Practitioner-Led RCTs Through BetaGov $200,000

Angela Hawken will lead an effort to help public officials make greater useof internally generated randomized controlled trials to improve their policies and programs. She will work with public officials in school districts and social service agencies to set up trials to test various reforms ofprograms and services. The project’s findings will appear in a report and aseries of briefings.

Stanford UniversityPalo Alto, CAMany Small Steps: Using Text Messaging to Improve Parental Engagement and Their Young Children’s Development

$290,086

Susanna Loeb will examine whether text messaging technology can be used to help parents support the education and development of their preschool-aged children. She will undertake a series of experimental evaluations to test whether text messages that provide tips and advice for parents can be used to promote literacy, numeracy, and social and emotional learning. The project will test whether interventions had positive effects on child outcomes. The project’s findings will appear in a report and a series of papers.

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Tufts UniversityMedford, MAGreening the Tax Code: Why America Needs a Carbon Tax $139,295

Gilbert Metcalf will research and write a book that explores whether a carbon tax could serve as an effective means of limiting greenhouse gas emissions while also making the U.S. tax code more supportive of economic growth. He will review and synthesize the existing literature on environmental taxes and embark on additional research to address some of the key implementation challenges associated with a carbon tax.

University of ArkansasFayetteville, ARCan a Statewide Voucher Program Improve Student Outcomes? $200,000

Patrick Wolf and Jay Greene will examine whether a statewide school voucher program can improve school outcomes for students from low-income families. They will measure the impacts of Louisiana’s voucher program on student performance, explore the factors that might be contributing to the test score outcomes, and assess the program’s impact on educational spending in the state. The project’s findings will appear in a report and a series of papers.

University of California, IrvineIrvine, CALong-Term Effects of Anti-Poverty Policies That Increase Income From Work $68,890

David Neumark will compare the long-term effects of competing policy options designed to alleviate poverty and move people toward self-sufficiency. He will use data from the Panel Survey of Income Dynamics and the Current Population Survey to examine whether increases in the minimum wage or the Earned Income Tax Credit have more effective long-term impacts on employment and earnings. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers.

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University of ChicagoChicago, ILCan Intensive Tutoring Reduce School Dropout Rates and Youth Violence in Chicago?

$101,446

Jens Ludwig will undertake an experimental evaluation of programs designed to increase academic achievement and lower school dropout rates of high-school-aged males from low-income families in Chicago. The evaluation will test the impact of intensive tutoring as well as a program created to develop noncognitive skills, such as persistence and empathy. The project’s findings will appear in a report and a series of papers.

Improving Access to High-Quality Schools for Disadvantaged Youth: Selective High Schools in Chicago

$126,339

Marisa de la Torre, Lauren Sartain, and Lisa Barrow will examine whether improving access for children from low-income backgrounds to highly competitive public schools can be an effective strategy to increase student achievement. They will examine the extent to which enrollment of high-achieving students from low-income backgrounds in one of Chicago’s selective high schools affects student performance on a wide range of outcomes, including test scores, grades, and attendance. The project’s findings will appear in a report and a series of papers.

University of KentuckyLexington, KYThe Future of the Safety Net: Lessons from Two Decades of Welfare Reform $25,000

James Ziliak, Hilary Hoynes, Marianne Bitler, and Ron Haskins will convene a conference to assess the successes and failures of welfare reform legislation enacted in 1996. Scholars will make presentations summarizing research on a variety of questions, including how policy changes affected outcomes such as employment, earnings, family formation, and child wellbeing. The researchers will be joined by policy officials who held office when the reforms were implemented. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

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University of MarylandCollege Park, MDThe Decline in U.S. Labor Force Participation: A Review of the Evidence $139,527

Melissa Kearney and Katharine Abraham will assess various hypotheses that can explain why the percentage of Americans in the labor force has been declining since 2000. They will review the existing evidence on labor-force participation in order to unpack the extent to which this trend is being driven by demographic forces such as population aging; economic forces such as globalization and technological change; policy factors such as changes in the eligibility rules for Social Security Disability Insurance; and social factors such as changes in gender roles that might be affecting how men and women balance work and family responsibilities. The project’s findings will appear in a report and a policy brief.

Learning from Abroad: A Program for International Policy Exchanges $250,000 Douglas Besharov will lead an effort to help members of the U.S. policy community learn from policy experiments, research, and analysis from countries around the world. He will commission analyses of policy research conducted abroad and interpret those findings for members of the U.S. policy community. The project will focus on three areas: reforming safety-net programs to encourage employment, using performance measurement to improve workforce training, and revising the tax code and benefit programs to reduce disincentives to marry. The project’s findings will appear in a series of edited volumes, papers, reports, and briefings for policymakers.

University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MIBig Data in Finance $25,000

Michael Barr will lead an effort to explore whether the financial system could be made more stable and regulated more efficiently if regulators were better able to access and analyze large-scale data, such as de-identified account balances, from financial sector firms. He will commission a series of papers from leading experts in finance, law, and technology. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

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Why Does College Cost So Much? Cost Drivers in Higher Education $135,683 Kevin Stange and Steven Hemelt will identify the factors that account for the increase in the cost of college education. Using data from the Delaware Cost Study, a detailed data set of college expenses from more than 600 institutions, they will explore the extent to which instructional costs vary across institutions, schools, and departments. This will enable them to explore the extent to which high-quality, low-cost college programs are feasible. The project’s findings will appear in a report and a series of papers and policy briefs.

University of MinnesotaMinneapolis, MNThe U.S. Labor Market, Economic Growth, and Social Mobility: The Role of Occupational Licensing

$100,000

Morris Kleiner will examine how regulations imposed through occupationallicensing laws have affected employment opportunities and growth in theU.S. economy. He will collect data on occupational licensing laws in all fifty states in order to assess how such rules affect employment and earnings as well as geographic and economic mobility. The project’sfindings will appear in a series of papers.

University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PAVirtual Mentorship to Support Maternal and Infant Health and Wellbeing: Assessing the Impact and Efficacy of NurturePA

$250,000

Lindsay Page and Christina Weiland will examine whether providing parents of newborn children with a mentor can improve the health and development of young children. They will implement an experimental evaluation of NurturePA, a program that pairs parents of newborns with volunteer mentors who are trained to provide them with advice via text messaging on the care and nurturing of their children. The project’sfindings will appear in a report and a series of papers.

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Why Does College Cost So Much? Cost Drivers in Higher Education $135,683 Kevin Stange and Steven Hemelt will identify the factors that account for the increase in the cost of college education. Using data from the DelawareCost Study, a detailed data set of college expenses from more than 600 institutions, they will explore the extent to which instructional costs varyacross institutions, schools, and departments. This will enable them toexplore the extent to which high-quality, low-cost college programs arefeasible. The project’s findings will appear in a report and a series ofpapers and policy briefs.

University of MinnesotaMinneapolis, MNThe U.S. Labor Market, Economic Growth, and Social Mobility: The Role of Occupational Licensing

$100,000

Morris Kleiner will examine how regulations imposed through occupational licensing laws have affected employment opportunities and growth in the U.S. economy. He will collect data on occupational licensing laws in all fifty states in order to assess how such rules affect employment and earnings as well as geographic and economic mobility. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers.

University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PAVirtual Mentorship to Support Maternal and Infant Health and Wellbeing: Assessing the Impact and Efficacy of NurturePA

$250,000

Lindsay Page and Christina Weiland will examine whether providing parents of newborn children with a mentor can improve the health and development of young children. They will implement an experimental evaluation of NurturePA, a program that pairs parents of newborns with volunteer mentors who are trained to provide them with advice via text messaging on the care and nurturing of their children. The project’s findings will appear in a report and a series of papers.

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University of Southern CaliforniaLos Angeles, CABargaining for the Future: The Impact of State and Local Policy Reforms on Teachers’ Unions, Teacher Labor Markets, and Student Achievement

$130,538

Katharine Omenn Strunk, Joshua Cowen, and Eric Brunner will examine whether policies that loosen the rules associated with collective bargaining agreements are associated with changes in the composition of the teacher labor force and levels of student achievement. They will analyze data from California and Michigan to determine the extent to which policy changes affect entry into and exit from the teacher labor force as well as student achievement. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers and briefings.

University of WashingtonSeattle, WAThe Seattle Minimum Wage Evaluation Project $150,000

Jacob Vigdor will lead an effort to examine how an increase in theminimum wage in Seattle affects employment, earnings, and receipt ofpublic benefits. The project will make use of individual- and firm-level data on employment and earnings as well as public assistance records. These data will allow the research team to assess whether an increase in earnings for some individuals could lead to a decrease in employment for others and whether changes in earnings lead to changes in the cost of publicassistance programs. The project’s findings will appear in a series ofreports that will inform the national debate over minimum-wage laws andlow-wage labor markets in general.

Urban InstituteWashington, DCExtending the Fiscal Democracy Index to States $100,000

Eugene Steuerle and Tracy Gordon will develop an index that measures theextent to which state policymakers have the freedom to determine their spending priorities rather than being constrained by past commitments, such as debt and pension obligations. They will build on the U.S. Fiscal Democracy Index that Steuerle developed, which measures the freedom that policymakers at the federal level have to devote resources to their prioritiesrather than to programs for which spending increases automatically. Theproject’s findings will appear in a report.

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University of Southern CaliforniaLos Angeles, CABargaining for the Future: The Impact of State and Local Policy Reforms on Teachers’ Unions, Teacher Labor Markets, and Student Achievement

$130,538

Katharine Omenn Strunk, Joshua Cowen, and Eric Brunner will examinewhether policies that loosen the rules associated with collective bargaining agreements are associated with changes in the composition of the teacher labor force and levels of student achievement. They will analyze data fromCalifornia and Michigan to determine the extent to which policy changesaffect entry into and exit from the teacher labor force as well as student achievement. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers and briefings.

University of WashingtonSeattle, WAThe Seattle Minimum Wage Evaluation Project $150,000

Jacob Vigdor will lead an effort to examine how an increase in the minimum wage in Seattle affects employment, earnings, and receipt of public benefits. The project will make use of individual- and firm-level data on employment and earnings as well as public assistance records. These data will allow the research team to assess whether an increase in earnings for some individuals could lead to a decrease in employment for others and whether changes in earnings lead to changes in the cost of public assistance programs. The project’s findings will appear in a series of reports that will inform the national debate over minimum-wage laws and low-wage labor markets in general.

Urban InstituteWashington, DCExtending the Fiscal Democracy Index to States $100,000

Eugene Steuerle and Tracy Gordon will develop an index that measures the extent to which state policymakers have the freedom to determine their spending priorities rather than being constrained by past commitments, such as debt and pension obligations. They will build on the U.S. Fiscal Democracy Index that Steuerle developed, which measures the freedom that policymakers at the federal level have to devote resources to their priorities rather than to programs for which spending increases automatically. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

42

Financing Human Capital: What Should Federal Student Loan Policies Do? $95,000 Jason Delisle and Matthew Chingos will examine how federal programs for the repayment of student loans can best protect borrowers from excessive risk while reducing the potential costs to taxpayers. They will analyze data from credit reports to examine patterns of default and delinquency among student borrowers. They will also explore how borrowers perceive the risk of default, how collection agencies seek to recoup payments from delinquent borrowers, and how borrowers view the possibility of entering into alternative repayment programs. The project’s findings will appear in a report, a series of papers, and briefings for policymakers.

State and Local Finance Initiative: Equipping Citizens and Their Leaders to Make Informed Choices About Their Fiscal Future

$200,000

Kim Rueben will lead an effort to improve the analytical capacity of state policy officials to understand the implications of choices on tax and spending priorities and to optimize their tax systems to support growth and other policy goals. She will develop a series of fiscal forecasting tools that will enable public officials, analysts, journalists, and others to assess how changes in tax and spending policies will affect the future finances of state governments. The project’s findings will appear in a series of web-based tools as well as a series of reports and policy briefs.

The Volcker AllianceNew York, NYTruth and Integrity in Government Finance $300,000

William Glasgall will lead an effort to encourage state governments toadopt responsible fiscal practices. He will build partnerships with scholarsat twelve universities across the country to review the budgets of all fiftystates annually. They will examine how states use revenue forecasting; theuse of one-time fiscal solutions, such as asset sales, to balance budgets; public employee pension funding; the maintenance of rainy day funds; and the extent to which budgetary information is easily accessible to the public. The project’s findings will appear in an annual survey of state fiscal practices and a series of single-issue reports.

42

42

Financing Human Capital: What Should Federal Student Loan Policies Do? $95,000 Jason Delisle and Matthew Chingos will examine how federal programs for the repayment of student loans can best protect borrowers from excessiverisk while reducing the potential costs to taxpayers. They will analyze data from credit reports to examine patterns of default and delinquency among student borrowers. They will also explore how borrowers perceive the risk of default, how collection agencies seek to recoup payments fromdelinquent borrowers, and how borrowers view the possibility of entering into alternative repayment programs. The project’s findings will appear in areport, a series of papers, and briefings for policymakers.

State and Local Finance Initiative: Equipping Citizens and Their Leaders to Make Informed Choices About Their Fiscal Future

$200,000

Kim Rueben will lead an effort to improve the analytical capacity of statepolicy officials to understand the implications of choices on tax and spending priorities and to optimize their tax systems to support growth and other policy goals. She will develop a series of fiscal forecasting tools thatwill enable public officials, analysts, journalists, and others to assess howchanges in tax and spending policies will affect the future finances of stategovernments. The project’s findings will appear in a series of web-based tools as well as a series of reports and policy briefs.

The Volcker AllianceNew York, NYTruth and Integrity in Government Finance $300,000

William Glasgall will lead an effort to encourage state governments to adopt responsible fiscal practices. He will build partnerships with scholars at twelve universities across the country to review the budgets of all fifty states annually. They will examine how states use revenue forecasting; the use of one-time fiscal solutions, such as asset sales, to balance budgets; public employee pension funding; the maintenance of rainy day funds; and the extent to which budgetary information is easily accessible to the public. The project’s findings will appear in an annual survey of state fiscal practices and a series of single-issue reports.

43

Wellesley CollegeWellesley, MANew Firms and Founders: Characteristics of Entrepreneurs in the United States

$107,941

Sari Pekkala Kerr and William Kerr will lead an effort to help the policy community better understand the sources of entrepreneurship in the U.S. economy by identifying the demographic characteristics of entrepreneurs. They will analyze data from the Longitudinal Employer Household Database to identify key demographic characteristics of entrepreneurs, including age, gender, race, place of birth, and citizenship. They will also field a survey among entrepreneurs in Massachusetts in order to collect data on other characteristics, such as propensity to take risks. The project’s findings will appear in a report and a series of papers.

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44

Direct Service Grants

$50,000

$25,000

$25,000

$50,000

$20,000

$100,000

The Adam J. Lewis PreschoolBridgeport, CTGeneral Support

Bridgeport Hospital FoundationBridgeport, CTNeonatal Follow-Up Program for High-Risk Newborns

Children of Fallen Patriots FoundationReston, VAGeneral Support

Durham County Soil & Water Conservation District Durham, NCBionomic Educational Training Center

Foundation CenterNew York, NYGeneral Support

LifeBridge Community ServicesBridgeport, CTWorkshop in Business Opportunities

Norwalk Hospital Foundation, Inc.Norwalk, CTGeneral Support in Memory of Lunsford Richardson $50,000

Grants

Grants (Not Listed Individually)

Total Grants Paid 2016

$20,935,554

$925,000

$21,860,554

45

MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL REPORT

During 2016, the Foundation’s unrestricted net assets decreased by$15,997,113.

As of December 31, 2016, the Foundation had total assets of

$707,201,371.The Foundation awarded grants totaling $24,143,881 during 2016 and

made cash payments on grants awarded during 2016 and unpaid grantsfrom previous years of $21,860,554.

The Foundation’s consolidated financial statements have been audited bydetadilosnoc ehT .stnatnuocca cilbup deifitrec tnednepedni ,PLL SU MSR

financial statements, which follow on pages 46 through 52, have been derivedfrom the Foundation’s audited Consolidated Financial Report as of and forthe year ended December 31, 2016, which included an unmodified opiniondated June 5, 2017.

Ross Hemphill Senior VP, CFO

46

Consolidated Statement of Financial PositionDecember 31, 2016

Assets

$ 4,871,206Cash and cash equivalents

Securities and investments, at fair value:Global equities:

Global strategy equities 43,610,701Domestic large cap equities 132,104,926International equities 164,688,879Nonmarketable alternative investments 85,521,361

Global equities total 425,925,867Diversifying equities:

Long/short strategies 58,293,002Absolute return strategies 64,767,742Real estate 17,794,472Natural resources 66,456,053

Diversifying equities total 207,311,269Fixed income funds 63,048,408

Total investments 696,285,544Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation 5,253,497Interest and dividends receivable 57,662Other assets 733,462

Total assets $ 707,201,371

Liabilities and Net Assets

Liabilities:Accounts payable and accrued expenses $ 151,429Deferred compensation and post retirement liabilities 10,194,382Unpaid monetary grants-in-aid 10,721,244Unpaid nonmonetary grants-in-aid for use and

occupancy of real estate 8,589,433Deferred federal excise tax liability 1,542,000

Total liabilities 31,198,488

Noncontrolling interests in consolidated affiliates 223,861,199

Unrestricted net assets 452,141,684

Total liabilities and net assets $ 707,201,371

See note to consolidated financial statements.

47

Consolidated Condensed Schedule of InvestmentsDecember 31, 2016

Percentage ofNet Assets Value

Common stocks 10.91%

933,7870.14%Auto partsBanking and financial 0.00% 20

1,309,4800.19%Biotech companies2,396,5380.35%Broadcast media

5,118,7830. 67 %Business services

0. 82 %Chemicals 1,918,296Communications and technology 0.93% 6,306,969Computer software and services 0.47% 3,208,477

4,575,1960. 86 %Consumer goods780,124 0.12%Drugs

Electronics 0.52% 3,517,834Energy 0.12% 837,403Entertainment 0.22% 1,509,227Financial services 0.54% 3,644,154Foods 0.30% 2,019,061Healthcare 0.81% 5,446,655

Insurance 0.22% 1,455,027Machinery and materials 0.48% 3,273,065Medical products and supplies 0.53% 3,594,117

Oil and gas companies 0.19% 1,295,796

Restaurants 0.17% 1,125,958Retail stores 0.45% 3,039,199

Services 0.39% 2,633,490

(Continued)

Beverages 0.21% 1,417,440

Hotel/motel 0.09% 628,907

Self storage 0.10% 651,726

Paper and forest products 0.02% 130,262

Metals 0.01% 38,710

Household products 0.10% 692,035

Capital goods 0.20% 1,363,056

Building materials 0.06% 398,301

Basic industries 0.20% 1,380,778

Aerospace 0.26% $ 1,770,283

48

$Telecommunications 0.19% 1,310,378

Utilities 0.35% 2,249,218

Total common stocks 73,737,128

Mutual Funds 53.73%

Domestic 13.31%Vanguard Total Bond Market ETF 9.31% 62,969,202Other 4.00% 27,028,830

Total domestic mutual funds 89,998,032Foreign 13.80%

Other 8.48% 57,361,713

Total foreign mutual funds 93,304,186

Total mutual funds 363,280,286

Investments in partnerships and trusts 38.35%

Domestic partnerships and trusts 12.30%Other 12.30% 83,139,474

Total domestic partnerships and trusts 83,139,474

Foreign partnerships and trusts 3.56%Other 3.56% 24,086,742

Total foreign partnerships and trusts 24,086,742

Total investments in partnershipsand trusts 259,268,130

Total investments $ 696,285,544

Percentage ofNet Assets Value

Global 26.62%Tweedy, Browne Global Value Fund 6.73% 45,493,705Other 19.89% 134,484,363

Total global mutual funds 179,978,068

Global partnerships and trusts 22.49%Independent Franchise Partners, LP 6.45% 43,610,701Other 16.04% 108,431,213

Total global partnerships and trusts 152,041,914


Textiles 0.03% 234,912

Dimensional Emerging Markets Value Fund 5.32%

Tobacco 0.23% 1,532,466

35,942,473

49

Consolidated Statement of ActivitiesYear Ended December 31, 2016

Revenues$ 4,412,400Dividends

28,942InterestDonated use and occupancy of real estate 1,748,529

163,772Grants-in-aid canceled 6,353,643

ExpensesMonetary grants-in-aid 24,143,881Nonmonetary grants-in aid for use and occupancy

9,637,635of real estate 2,003,122Investment advisory fees

48,266Custodian fees

8,285,487Management and general 44,269,664

Federal excise taxes (benefit)(232,297)Current

266,000Deferred 33,703

Decrease in unrestricted net assetsbefore net gains on investments andnoncontrolling interest (37,949,724)

Net realized gains on investments 6,291,543Net increase in unrealized appreciation on

stnemtsevni 24,804,87231,096,415

detadilosnoc foemocni ten ni tseretni gnillortnocnoN(9,143,804)affiliates

Decrease in unrestricted net assets )15,997,113(

Unrestricted net assets:Beginning 468,138,797Ending $ 452,141,684

Redemption fees 151,273


50

Consolidated Statement of Cash FlowsYear Ended December 31, 2016

Cash flows from operating activitiesDecrease in net assets $ (6,853,309)Adjustments to reconcile decrease in net assets

to net cash used in operating activities: Revenue recognized for donated use and occupancy

of real estate (1,748,529)Grants-in-aid recognized for use and occupancy of

real estate 9,637,635Depreciation 497,381Loss on disposal of property and equipment 299Purchase of securities and investments (194,684,316)Proceeds from disposition of securities and investments 216,720,162Contributions to partnerships (31,820,843)Distributions from partnerships 27,476,816Net increase in unrealized appreciation on investments (24,804,872)Net realized gains on investments (6,291,543)

Deferred federal excise taxes 266,000Changes in assets and liabilities:

(Increase) decrease in:Interest and dividends receivable (13,507)Other assets 104,042

:ni )esaerced Increase ( Accounts payable and accrued expenses (393,922)Deferred compensation and postretirement liabilities 1,058,299Unpaid monetary grants-in-aid 3,916,327

Net cash used in operating activities (6,933,880)

(Continued)

51

Cash flows from investing activitiesProceeds from sales and maturities of securities and

204,961$investmentsPurchase of securities and investments ) (96,460Purchase of property and equipment (84,678)

investing activities

23,873

Cash flows from financing activitiesNoncontrolling members’ contributions to

Moorings Capital LLC 6,562,792Withdrawals of noncontrolling members of

Moorings Capital LLC (2,748,000)Distributions to noncontrolling members of

Moorings Capital LLC (10,887,082)Net cash used in financing activities (7,072,290)Net decrease in cash

and cash equivalents (13,982,297)

Cash and cash equivalentsBeginning 18,853,503Ending $ 4,871,206

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow informationCash payments for:

Grants-in-aid $ 20,063,782Federal excise taxes $ 421,909


Proceeds from sale of property and equipment 50 Net cash provided by

52

NOTE TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Distribution of Income

The Internal Revenue Service requires the Foundation to distribute,within 12 months of the end of each year, approximately 5% of the averagefair value of its assets not used in carrying out the charitable purpose of theFoundation. The distribution requirement for 2016 has been met.

53

PROCEDURES

Initial grant inquiries to the Foundation should be made in the form of aconcept paper. Such papers should not exceed five pages. The paper shouldinclude a description of the issue that the project will address; an explanationof how the project is relevant to public policy; and an assessment of how theproject would add to the existing knowledge base. The paper should alsodiscuss the credentials of the project’s principal investigator; an outline ofthe research strategy; and a description of the products that the project willproduce. An estimate of the project’s costs should be included. A templatefor concept papers is available on the Foundation’s web site.

If the staff determines that a proposed project merits further considerationunder the Foundation’s guidelines, an applicant will be asked to submit afull proposal that conforms to a proposal template that is available on theFoundation’s web site. Decisions on requests for grants greater than $50,000and for multi-year grant support are made at one of the three board meetingsthat the Foundation holds each year. Proposals for grants of $50,000 or lessare reviewed on an ongoing basis and are handled as promptly as possible.

Although the mission of the Foundation is to support public policyresearch, it makes a handful of grants to direct service organizations inNorth Carolina and Connecticut. Direct service organizations locatedoutside of these two states, as well as national direct service charities, willnot be considered for support. It is a regrettable but inescapable fact that thevast majority of unsolicited requests for funding must be rejected. TheFoundation does not provide support for the following:

• Deficit funding of previously established operations• Building or construction projects• Arts and humanities projects• Historic restoration projects• Research projects in the physical sciences• Evaluations of direct service organizations conducted internally• Educational or other support to individuals

All grant proposals should be addressed to:

Smith Richardson Foundation60 Jesup Road

Westport, CT 06880(203) 222-6222www.srf.org

54

TRUSTEES

Peter L. RichardsonChairman

Michael W. Blair

W. Winburne King III

Dr. Arvid R. Nelson

John P. Richardson, Jr.

GOVERNORS

Honorable Paula J. Dobriansky

Honorable J. D. Crouch II

General Jack Keane (Ret.)

Dr. Arvid R. Nelson

OFFICERS

Peter L. Richardson

Senior Vice President, Director of Programs .................... Dr. Marin Strmecki

General Counsel ................................................................... W. Winburne King III

Senior Vice President, CFO.................................................. Ross F. Hemphill

Secretary Dr. Arvid R. Nelson

Assistant Secretary ............................................................... Karla W. Frank

ly 1, 2017 uJ fo sa detroper era sreciffO dna ,sronrevoG ,seetsurT

Dr. Robert E. Litan

President ..............................................................................

................................................................................

Nicolas L. RichardsonVice Chairman Tyler B. Richardson

E. William Stetson III

Peter L. Richardson

Tyler B. Richardson

Admiral James Stavridis (Ret.)

E. William Stetson III

Honorable John Taylor

Honorable R. James Woolsey

Christopher DeMuth

Dr. Ron Haskins

55

STAFF

Dr. Marin StrmeckiSenior Vice President,Director of Programs

Dr. Nadia SchadlowSenior Program Officer,International Security and Foreign Policy

Allan SongSenior Program Officer,International Security and Foreign Policy

Dawn CardExecutive Assistant

Paula LandesbergAdministrative Associate

Olga RamousGrants Coordinator

Staff members are reported as of July 1, 2017

OFFICESProgram Office

(Mailing Address For All Grant Proposals)Smith Richardson Foundation, Inc.

60 Jesup RoadWestport, CT 06880

(203) 222-6222www.srf.org

Administrative OfficeSmith Richardson Foundation, Inc.701 Green Valley Road, Suite 306

Greensboro, NC 27408(336) 379-8600

Mark SteinmeyerSenior Program Officer,Domestic Public Policy

Donna WalshExecutive Assistant andAdministrative Services Manager

Jennifer HollingsAdministrative Assistant

Kathleen LaveryRecords Coordinator

576254

586355

HISTORY

The Smith Richardson Foundation was established in 1935 by H. SmithRichardson and his wife Grace Jones Richardson. Mr. Richardson was aremarkable man with a business career successful beyond what anyone couldhave predicted from the simple beginnings of his firm in a North Carolinatown. This firm, the Vick Chemical Company, which had been founded byhis father, Lunsford Richardson, grew under his leadership to become one ofthe leading over-the-counter drug companies in the world. Richardson-Vicks,Inc., as it became known, was sold in 1985 to Procter & Gamble, Inc.

Mr. Richardson lived by principles that are often termed old-fashioned,and he gave generously of this wealth. Few people have combined Mr.Richardson’s respect for traditional values with his willingness to innovate.He believed in giving bright young people responsibility commensurate withtheir abilities. Throughout his life, he maintained a direct interest in peopleand in the institutions conceived to improve the lives of others.

In setting forth his reasons for creating the Foundation in 1935, Mr.Richardson wrote:

From the beginning, America, the new world . . . has offered to humblefamilies, native born or immigrant, the Opportunity to gain a fortune . . . ifthey were diligent and lucky. With this fortune went the Right to remainsecure in its possession and enjoyment for themselves and their heirs afterthem . . .

Unquestionably, for two hundred years this Opportunity has played alarge part in the building of the nation.

Mr. Richardson pointed out the incentive that this “Right” and“Opportunity” had given to those who pushed the American frontierwestward, as well as the impetus to “invention, discovery, trade andmanufacture and all the varied development of our natural resources.” Itwas characteristic of him to capitalize the words “Opportunity” and “Right”:these were key words in his personal creed. He believed that “Opportunity”was something to be seized with zeal and pursued with the utmost diligence.His belief in a personal bill of rights was equally strong: a person rightfullyowned what his industry brought him, and the free enterprise system permit-ted the maximum scope for that industry. It was these beliefs that enabledhim to transform his father’s small mortar-and-pestle drug manufacturingbusiness into an industrial concern of international stature.

By 1935, a strong social consciousness had begun to flourish in this soil ofstout individualism. To this end Mr. Richardson wrote of the responsibilitiesrequired of a mature and reflective citizenship:

I believe the need for the time and thought of able men is that they beapplied to the increasingly weighty problems of government and the serioussocial questions which now confront us and will continue to press forsolution in the future . . . the greater the material wealth of the citizen thegreater are his obligations to the State and Nation . . . the obligations to givehis time and thought to these public and social problems.

The Foundation continues to support programs that are consistent withthe vision of its Founder.

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