SME Policy Assessment in the EaP Region

SME Policy Assessment

in the EaP RegionPresentation to Civil Society Forum

Michaela Hauf, DG ENTR, Unit for International Affairs and Missions for Growth

Brussels, 13th May 2013

OECD Private Sector Development 2

The Eastern Partner region is composed of a group of heterogeneous countries

Armenia, Georgia, Republic of Moldova are small economies, highly dependent on services, agriculture and remittances

Azerbaijan, Belarus, Ukraine are resource-rich economies with significant revenues from export of commodities

Sources: World Bank, World Development Indicators

Value added of main economic sectors as % of GDP, 2011

The Eastern Partner countries are different in terms of their size, population, resources endowment and their stage of economic and institutional development

Example: Economic structure of EaP countries


Sources: OECD (2012 ), SME Policy Index: Eastern Partner Countries 2012* Share in turnover is used instead of GDP

SMEs in the Eastern Partner countries contribute less to employment and GDP compared to the OECD countries on average

Private sector share in GDP, 2010

Source: EBRD

SMEs today account on average for only about 50% of employment , compared to 60-70% in OECD economies, and contribute on average just over 30% of value added, in comparison to 55% in OECD economies

Contribution of SMEs to employment and GDP, 2010


2011 2014

REG

ION

AL

PRO

JECT

2012 2013

Eastern Partnership Enterprise Policy Performance Assessment –

Phase I – 21 months

2010 20152009

SME Policy Index 2012: Eastern Partner Countries Assesses SME policies in each EaP country and formulates recommendations

Armenia – Azerbaijan – Belarus – Georgia - Republic of Moldova - Ukraine

KEY QUESTIONS DELIVERABLES

Exchange of best practices through regional policy working groups and capacity building seminars

• How to enhance the performance of SMEs in the Eastern Partnership region?

Recommendations on how to align with the principles of the Small Business Act

Development of a comprehensive policy assessment tool to assess SME policy frameworks

• How to create an enabling policy environment to support SME growth?

• Which policy tools have or have not worked to support SMEs?


SME Policy Index 2012: Eastern Partner Countries... follows the principles of the Small Business Act for Europe

Dimensions Sub-dimensions

6 Access to finance for SMEsSub-Dim

ensions

6.1 Sources of external finance for SMEs

6.2 Legal and regulatory framework

5.3 ACAAs

Sub-dimensions Indicators

6.1 Sources of external finance for SMEsIndicators

6.1.1 Credit guarantee schemes

SME Policy Index:Eastern Partner Countries 2012

Covering priority dimensions relatedto the Small Business Act for Europe:

1. Entrepreneurial learning and women’s entrepreneurship

2. Bankruptcy and second chance for SMEs

3. Regulatory framework for SME policy making

4. Operational environment for SMEs

5. SME support services and public procurement

6. Access to finance for SMEs

7. Standards and technical standards

8. Enterprise skills and innovation policy for SMEs

9. SMEs in a green economy

10. Internationalisation of SMEs


SME Policy Index 2012: Eastern Partner Countries... and is based on a participatory process with all SME stakeholders involved

Private sectorassociations

Government assessment

International organisations

assessment

Independent consultant

OECD

EBRD ETF

European Commission

MinistriesAgencies

Public authorities

9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

2010 2011 2012

Regional Policy Working Group Policy Seminar

Regional Policy Working Group

Capacity Building Seminar Policy Seminar

Regional Policy Working Group

Six national stakeholder meetings


Key findings of the SME Policy Index 2012SBA assessment results at regional level

Most EaP countries have started to implement business climate reforms to create a conducive environment for private sector development;

However they still face significant challenges in developing a comprehensive approach towards the SME sector to complement these efforts with more targeted measures.


EaP countries are supporting SMEs and entrepreneurship through business environment reforms;

Institutional frameworks for SME policy are developing at different paces in EaP countries;

More targeted SME policy tools are still needed to further support SME growth across the region;

Data on SMEs remains scarce across the EaP region.

Key findings of the SME Policy IndexKey conclusions


EaP countries are supporting SMEs and entrepreneurship through business environment reforms

All Eastern Partner countries:

... are taking a pro-active approach to streamline the operational environment for business activities (company registration, online government etc.)

... have undergone reforms in legislative simplification, although some countries are more advanced than others.

... have started to improve the legal and regulatory framework to expand the financial sector beyond bank lending, however, with mixed results

Example: sub-dimension 4.1 Company registration

• Eastern Partner countries have achieved significant progress in the area of company registration, saving time, reducing costs and removing administrative barriers for SMEs.

• All Eastern Partner countries have introduced one-stop-shops for company registration. Georgia and Belarus have managed to integrate all registration and notification procedures within one-stop-shops, while Georgia has introduced Public Service Halls, integrating one-stop-shops with a range of other government services.

Weighted average score for sub-dimension 4.1: Company registration


Institutional frameworks for SME policy are developing at different paces in EaP countries

• Armenia, Georgia and the Republic of Moldova have started to develop the institutional framework through on-going public-private consultations and effective policy co-ordination mechanisms;

•Azerbaijan, Belarus and Ukraine have started to provide support measures to the business sector, but often in an ad hoc manner without a long-term plan and with limited co-ordination between the relevant public authorities.

Example: sub-dimension 3.1 Institutional framework

... Armenia and the Republic of Moldova have the building blocks for and SME policy making;

... Georgia has achieved noticeable results following a horizontal approach to business climate development.

... in Azerbaijan a number of implementation agencies exist with a focus on different areas; however co-ordination between these actors could be further improved to ensure a common approach towards SME development;

... in Belarus SME policy is developed at ministry level, but no implementation agency exists;

... in Ukraine an agency for SME policy was re-established in 2012, but its effectiveness will largely depend on mandate and financing.

Weighted average score for sub-dimension 3.1: Institutional framework


More targeted SME policy tools are still needed to further support SME growth across the region

•Availability of financial and human resources remains a particular constraint to SME performance in all EaP countries.•Support services for SMEs and start-ups are available across the EaP region as a combination of public and donor-funded programmes•Most EaP countries have agencies specialised in export promotion; however policies to support export-oriented SMEs remain weak across the region.•Innovation policies remain inadequate with considerable scope for further development of target policies to encourage SME involvement in the innovation process.

Example: dimension 8b Innovation policy for SMEs

• All Eastern Partner countries have established public research institutions, or initiatives to promote technology transfer

• Financial and technical support schemes for innovative companies are provided on an ad-hoc basis in the Eastern Partner region, often with support from donors and international organisations.

Weighted average score for dimension 8B: Innovation policy for SMEs


Data on SMEs remains scarce across the EaP region

• Data on the SME sector remains scarce, even in those countries where policy formulation for SME support is already well advanced.

•Despite the existence of specialised institutions, data on the SME sector is often incomplete or entirely lacking. Examples:

Indicator 3.2 – Availability of statistical dataThe official data on SMEs in EaP countries is often incomplete or fragmented, and covers only a limited number of sectors.

Indicator 8a.4 – Start-upsNo EaP country has been able to provide sufficient statistical evidence on the ratio of start-ups trained and/or those that received business support services.

•While countries have made significant progress in data collection, several shortcomings remain:

•Weak international comparability

•Low accessibility and low level of detail

•Limited availability online and lack of regular updates

Score for dimension indicator 3.2: Availability of statistical data


Key findings of the SME Policy Index 2012 Guidelines for implementing SME-friendly policies

Better co-ordination between different agencies supporting SME development would avoid overlap, ensure better use of resources and increase policy impact. This can be achieved by designing comprehensive SME development strategies with clear and measurable objectives.

Consult more closely with the private sector

on policy reform

Historically outside of the policy making process, the private sector in Eastern Partner countries – especially SME associations – needs to be further integrated into the policy debate at all stages to increase responsiveness of policies to the fast-moving needs of the marketplace. Buy-in from the business community will also ensure more effective implementation of reforms.

Improve co-ordination between government

agencies

Collect better data for better policies

Develop targeted SME policy tools

Develop policy tools to foster SMEs growth, investment, innovation and export capacity in key economic sectors such as agribusiness, information and communications technology, tourism and construction. Such tools are especially critical to improve access to finance, enterprise skills, innovation, business support services and export promotion.

Collect more detailed structural statistics to monitor and evaluate public policy tools on a regular basis and assess SME performance both at national and sector level.

While there is no one-size-fits-all solution for advancing SME policy development, all Eastern Partner countries are invited to take advantage of the following guidelines to structure their own policy reform agenda:

Follow-up to SME Policy Assessment

• 2 projects based on the SME Policy Assessment to be undertaken by the OECD in cooperation with the European Commissiono Assistance to EaP countries with regard to the

implementation of policy reforms (focus on particular sectors) – to be launched at the end of 2013

o 2nd Round of SME Policy Assessment with a focus on effective implementation and output (methodology will be revised in line with 'lessons learned') – to be launched early 2014

Institutional Framework and Participation

Apart from dedicated project meetings, discussions on the implementation of SME policies will take place within the framework of the SME Panel of the Eastern Partnership

Eastern Partnership countries will be closely involved through their SBA Co-ordinators

Active participation – also from business representatives – is key to a successful and productive project

For further information please contact:

Michaela HaufPolicy Officer Eastern Partnership

[email protected]

SME Policy Assessment in the EaP Region

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