SmartR Usaren’t we?

London 1952

April 19, 2015: In London last week, the most dangerous particles -PM 2.5 - hit a high of 57 - that's nearly six times recommended limits.

Here in Delhi, we can only dream of such clean air!

Delhi

Beijing

Shanghai

Ulan Bator

Environmental Quality, A Luxury Good?

Nothing inspires environmentalism quite like a smog-filled sky or a contaminated river

Income

Environmentaldegradation

More money, more forest-planting

Particulate Matter(s)

You cannot “buy” what you cannot see

Making visible the invisible

Sustainability is a wicked problem

New York, circa 1900

Easter Sunday on Fifth Avenue in 1900, https://goo.gl/bFBjUk

In the late 19th century, the streets of fast-industrializing cities were congested with horses, each pulling a cart or a coach, one after the other, in some places three abreast.

There were something like 200,000 horses in New York City alone, depositing manure at a rate of roughly 35 pounds per day, per horse.

1920: The Killer App

1950: The InterstateWhat would happen if every family had a car?

Total and Per-Capita Vehicle-Miles Traveled, U.S.

The rest is history…The total number of miles travelled, increases essentially one-for-one with highway miles built

The Joy of Driving

The Walkable City?

Panama City

Dakha (Bangladesh)Bangkok

WHO

8

Cars Kill People

16,000 vehicles per day1,900 peak hour

0.9 friends, 3.1 acquaintances

8000 vehicles per day550 peak hour

1.3 friends, 4.1 acquaintances

2,000 ehicles per day200 peak hour

3 friends, 6.3 acquaintances

Donald Appleyard, "Livable Streets" 1981

Social Interactions Correlated to Street Traffic

Cars Kill Social Relationships

50 years after the great smog, a new killer arises

Vehicules are responsible for 25% of fossil-based CO2 emmisions

REWARD:THE EARTH

DEAD OR ALIVE

2002

Sprawl, LA Hong Kong

Sprawling vs Hyper-density

Vishaan Chakrabarti, "A Country of Cities"

Los Angeles Hong Kong

Hyper-density Leaves Nature Natural

The Triumph of the (dense) city

Luís M. A. Bettencourt, “The Origins of Scaling in Cities”

Christine M. Hoehner, “Commuting Distance, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Metabolic Risk”

Is it possible?

Year 1900: 200M people lived in cities, 12% of world populationYear 2015: 3,500M people live in cities, 50% of world populationYear 2050: 6,500M people will live in cities, 80% of world population

China will build the equivalent of New York every other year for 20 years

0,0%

10,0%

20,0%

30,0%

40,0%

50,0%

60,0%

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90,0%

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

1900 2010 2050 2100

Urban population

Urban Total %

2020: The Killer App

The Sharing Economy

• Cars are driven just 4% of the year• 35% of consumers are expected not to own their own car by 2034• 60% of US adults say they would ride in an autonomous car• With a fleet of just 9,000 autonomous cars, Uber could replace every taxi cab

in New York City, and that passengers would wait an average of 36 seconds for a ride

What if all trips in a city were carried out by a fleet of self-driving cars shared by users?

The Same Mobility can be delivered with 10% of the cars!

OECD/International Transport Forum, “Urban Mobility System Upgrade”, 2015

Elon Musk’s grand plan to power the world with electric batteries…

http://www.teslamotors.com/powerwall

http://walluck.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Bangkok-City-At-Night.jpg

An inconvenient truth?

In the Future, Companies Will Survive Only if They Help Solve Big Social Problems

Thank-you ;-)@fjjariego