SmartNodes - Towards supporting time-critical decision ...€¦ · SmartNodes - Towards supporting...
Transcript of SmartNodes - Towards supporting time-critical decision ...€¦ · SmartNodes - Towards supporting...
SmartNodes - Towards supporting time-critical decision-making in Aviation Security
8th Air Traffic Management Research and Development SeminarJune 29 – July 2nd, 2009Napa, USA.
Overview
ApproachApproach
ConclusionsConclusionsExperimentsExperiments
ProblemProblem
What is Aviation Security?
PROBLEMPROBLEM
ICAO Annex 17 DefinitionAviation Security: ¨A combination of measures and human and material resources intended to safeguard civil aviation against acts of unlawful interference¨
The nature of the beast
Aircraft complexityTraffic growth / numberEvolving threatsDevastating impact but….Rare events
Hard to identifyHard to predict
PROBLEMPROBLEM
http://radar.zhaw.ch
A day-to-day scenario
The preceding scenario is relatively simple and a day-to-day scenario …
French AircraftItalian AirlineLondon – CyprusGerman pilotsTrouble over Greek/Albanian border
PROBLEMPROBLEM
Its decision time
Naturalistic Decision Making
J. Boyd, M. Endsley, G. Klein
Information CentricRight info -> right person -> right time
Who is that?PROBLEMPROBLEM
Hurdles & obstacles
1. Scale & Complexity2. Diversity of sources3. Diversity of users4. Unguaranteed
availability
We need:Shared awarenessCollaborationNetwork of dispersed entities
PROBLEMPROBLEM
Conceptual Approach
ApproachApproach
Multi-Agent Systems
Cognitive System Engineering
Information Fusion
X
Work flows
Socio-technological systems
Sense & Measure
Create meaning
Replicated Assets
Work collaboratively
ERRIDS – European Regional Renegade Information Dissemination System
EUROCONTROL & NATO Exercise
renegade aircraftcross borders
Analytically created an ontology to describe situationsIdentify triggers
ExperimentsExperiments Aircraft Situation
Flight Deck Integrity
Crew StatePilot State
Co-Pilot State
Cabin State
Aircraft HealthState
Breaking down, building up
ApproachApproach
Is the pilot in control?Is the pilot alive?
Is the pilot stressed?Is the auto pilot on?
Is the pilot in the cockpit? Who else is in the cockpit?
What is his heart rate?
What is his blood pressure?
Does he sound panicked? Is he a new pilot?
Is the door locked?
What is the cockpit temperature?
Ontology
Data
The cockpit temperature is normal
His blood pressure is normal
His heart rate is acceleratedThe cabin door is open
The pilot is in his seatThere are non-flight crew on the deck
His voice is strainedHe’s an experienced pilot
The pilot is alive The autopilot is offThe pilot seems stressed
The pilot is not absolutely in control
Situational Awareness
Fuzzy Assistance
ApproachApproach
ExperimentsExperiments
SmartNodes & State Space Models
Flight Profiles & Early warningsBuild a system of SmartNodes
onboard security threatflight path
Create a profile over timedeviation tracker
Early warningNudges not shoves
Each user builds their ownAir marshalPilotAir defense commander
ExperimentsExperiments
PATIN
EU Exercise2 major European Airports Hijack & deviation to 2nd AirportGround negotiations
Focus of experimentCabin and flight deck situation
Maximising Communications
Decision makers & assets at disparate locationsDifferentiated comms channels
TranspondersOnboardSatellite
Prioritize to meet the objectivesCognitive Systems Engineering
ConclusionsConclusions
SWIM & TCDM
Information Management ArchitectureAircraft - mobile nodesConnect the sources to the destinationsShare the wealth
Push/PullExternal AgreementsRelianceCross-border
Demand surge
ConclusionsConclusions
NextGen/SESAR - Dual Use
iASIM
Security Stakeholders
ConclusionsConclusions
ConclusionsConclusions
ConclusionsTCDM
increase decision making time, decrease SA creation timeSituational Awareness
Fuzzy logic provide the puzzle piecesSmartNodes can provide the picture
CommunicationSA is useless until given to decision makers
Can meet some objectives nowMore granularity of airborne emergencies
SWIM style approach needed formore subtle assessments
Further questions?
Feel free to contact
Alex Tarter: [email protected]
Rainer Kölle:[email protected]