Smart Infrastructure Asset Management Australia Research...

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SIAMA Asset Management Technologies

Level-2 Bridge Condition Inspection

Smart Infrastructure Asset Management Australia Research and Development Pty Ltd ‘Prolonging Infrastructure Assets Life’


Smart Infrastructure Asset Management Australia Research and Development Pty Ltd

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CONTENTS

‣ Background of Bridge Condition Inspection

‣ Purpose of inspection

‣ Examples of Defects

‣ External causes of deterioration

‣ Australia Bridge Inspection Standard

‣ Level-2 Bridge Condition Assessment

‣ Condition Rating Comparison

‣ Limitation



Why should we regularly inspect bridges?

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Why should we regularly inspect bridges?

‣ Collapse of the Silver Bridge – Ohio, USA

‣ Collapsed in 1967

‣ 46 people death

‣ The first National Bridge Inspection Standards (NBIS) were developed in 1971



Purpose of Inspections

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Function

Strength

Capacity Durability

‣ Keep the performance of bridge under acceptable condition



Material Defects

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‣ Deterioration Mechanisms

Concrete

•  Corrosion of reinforcement

•  Carbonation •  Alkali-Silica

Reaction (ASR) •  Cracking •  Spalling •  Surface defects •  Delamination

•  Fungi •  Termites •  Marine

organisms •  Corrosion of

fasteners •  Shrinkage and

splitting •  Fire •  Weathering

•  Corrosion •  Permanent

deformations •  Cracking •  Loose

connection

•  Cracking •  Splitting,

spalling and disintegration

•  Loss of mortar and stones

Steel Timber Other

Types of deterioration mechanisms



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Example of Defect - Concrete

‣ Reinforcement Corrosion



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‣ Alkali-Silica Reaction



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‣ Cracking



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‣ Spalling



Example of Defect - Steel

•  Corrosion

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Example of Defect - Steel

•  Cracking

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External Causes of Deterioration

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Element Level Bridge Inspection

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•  Component vs Element: (US)

Component

Deck, Super-, Sub-structure.

Element

Bearing, Pier cap, Abutment etc.

General condition rating •  Detailed condition description •  Quantified data for all elements

•  Each element Descriptions (Material type; Unit of measurement; quantity with CS)

Condition state definition



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‣  Routine visual inspection for maintenance issues and possible

further inspection

1 2

3

‣  Routine visual inspection to assess the condition rating of

the structure and its components

‣  Detailed engineering inspection to further identify and

evaluate deteriorations

Australia Bridge Inspection Standard


Smart Infrastructure Asset Management Australia Research and Development Pty Ltd Smart Infrastructure Asset Management Australia Research and Development Pty Ltd Smart Infrastructure Asset Management Australia Research and Development Pty Ltd

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What is Level-2 Bridge Condition Inspection?



Objective of Bridge Condition Inspections

•  Identify and quantify defects in the structure or its individual components, and determining maintenance needs or other actions

•  Estimate budget requirements for MR&R (Maintenance, Repair and Rehabilitation)

•  Determine residual life of structure •  Re-rate the structure after significant MR&R have been carried out

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Levels of Analysis in Bridge Inspections

Element-level Project-level

Network-level

BRD#1

BRD#2

BRD#3

BRD#4

BRD#5 BRD#7

BRD#9

BRD#8

BRD#6



CS1 CS2 CS3 CS4 CS5

Level-2 Bridge Inspection Condition Ratings

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Background of Level-2 Bridge Inspection

Group Code Components found in Group

Approach AP1 or AP2 AP, GR, K, FY, WS

Abutment A1 or A2 A, ABS, B, PRO, H, P, PED, COR

Pier P1, P2, P3 etc. B, CAP, COR, H, J, P, PED, WAL

Spans S1, S2, S3 etc. BR, D, FY, G, K, XG, WS

Code Meaning Unit

A Abutment Each

AC Arch Culvert Lin m

ABS Abutment Sheeting

m2

AP Approach Each

B Bearing Each

Code Meaning Unit

C Column Each

CAP Pilecap Each

COR Corbel Each

D Deck Each

F Footing Lin m

Code Meaning Unit

FY Footway Lin m

G Girder Each

GR Guardrail Each

H Headstock Each

J Joint Lin m



Example: data collected from Level 2 bridge inspection

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Background of Level-2 Bridge Inspection

Span 1 (S1)

Span 2 (S2)

Span 3 (S4)

Footway

Approach 1 (AP1)

Approach 2 (AP2)

Abu

tmen

t 1

(A1)

Pier

1 (P

1)

Pier

2 (P

2)

Abu

tmen

t 2

(A2)

Superstructure

Substructure



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Inspection Procedures

•  The qualified inspector will conduct a inspection.

•  The inspector will evaluate a condition rating for each individual structural element based on the standard Level 2 Inspection procedure.

Pre-site visit

1

Confirmation of required resources

2

Perform condition

assessment

3

Preliminary/final inspection report

4 & 5

‣ Typical Level 2 Bridge Inspection Procedures



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‣ Step 1: Pre-site visit – Risk management

‣ Inaccessibility ‣ Dangerous places

‣ Hazardous environments

Inspection Procedures (Step 1)



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‣ Step 2: Confirmation of required resources

‣ PPE ‣ Bridge under inspection unit

‣ Traffic controller etc.




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‣ Step 3: Condition assessment ‣ Concrete



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‣ Steel




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1

2 3

‣ Timber




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‣ Step 4 & 5: Preliminary / final inspection report

‣ Condition Inspection Report

‣ Defective Components Report

‣ Standard Procedure Exceptions Report

‣ Photographic and Sketches Record

‣ Report examples

Inspection Procedures (Step 4 & 5)



Limitation of Level-2 Bridge Inspection

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‣ Although current routine bridge inspections are required to be carried out by certified inspectors, some major issues have been identified: ‣ Visual inspections are subjective and not always reliable ‣  The manual inspection process is time-consuming and costly ‣ A number of safety risks are associated with bridge inspectors

Enquires

[email protected]

+61 7 5564 5444

+61 7 5564 5446

www.siama.com.au

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