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Transcript of Smart Grid - Latest Seminar Topics for Engineering CS|IT ... · Smart Grid : Advantages ......
Smart Grid : Advantages & Economics
Presented By
Abhijeetsingh Hazare (Edgesys Inc)
Dnyaneshwar Patil (Tata Power)
Aniket Prabhudesai (Reliance Infra)
Rajesh Parab (Reliance Infra)
Makarand Tawade (Tata Power)
Students of Post Graduate Diploma in Electricity Regulation (Year 2010 – 2011 - Batch - 2)
Jointly Conducted By World Trade Institute
& Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission
Flow of Presentation
Lets learn how to save electricity……..
The
Evolution of Smart Grids
The Smart
Grid Concept
Driving Forces &
Objectives
Benefits &
Barriers in Implementation
Global Scenario,
Investments, Stimulus,
Market Players
Smart Grid The Indian Scenario
Traditional Vs
Smart Grid
Smart Grid Characteristics
Smart Gird – The Big Picture
& Standards
Proposal for Pilot
Implementation of Smart Grid
The Evolution of Smart Grids
“ We will make light so cheap that Only Rich will be able to use Candles” - Thomas Edison (1884)
Revitalization : Edison Vs Graham Bell
21th
Century
19th
Century
Graham Bell
Revitalization : Edison Vs Graham Bell
21th
Century
19th
Century
Thomas Edison
The Isolated Grid
The Interconnected Grid
Issues with the current Grid Operations
Many Analog & Electro Mechanical legacy systems (prone to failures & black outs)
Centralized Generation disseminated via a relatively passive limited control & limited two- way communication between utilities & end users
Customers have to inform about power outages to the utility
High T&D losses: 10-50% (Theft & inefficiencies)
How can we address these Issues ?
We now have an Answer
Why do we need a Smart Grid?
Smart Grid
Customer Satisfaction
Operational Efficiency
Aging Workforce
Power Quality
Supply Reliability
Aging Infrastructure
Renewable Resources /
Green House gases
Demand Response
The Smart Grid Concept
Energy markets are set for a similar, seismic transformation. The smart grid — aspects of which are powered by exactly the same technology that underpins the internet — will change the way we see energy provision forever….. Published by www.greenbang.com
“Smart Grid” concept
Electricity grid since the 19th century has worked as a one way vehicle bringing power from large scale generation to consumers Electricity system has remained essentially the same over the past 100 years, except for the introduction of nuclear power. Winds of change are blowing where Technological innovation is causing a paradigm shift which will enable a two way flow of electricity and information in our electricity grid. Change is being driven by Smart Grid will modernize the electricity system to serve the digital age through: Reliable, Integrated, Efficient system & consumer Participation.
“Smart Grid” is the name given to the new electricity system which will emerge from this paradigm shift
Resource Constraints
Environt. issues
Climate change concern
Political pressure
Innovation capabilities
“Smart Grid” One Definition
The Smart Grid is defined as the system that delivers electricity from suppliers to prosumers (Producer + Consumer) using digital technology to save energy, reduce cost, and increase reliability and transparency.
“A transformed T&D grid, that uses • Robust two-way communications, • Advanced sensors and • distributed computers to improve • the efficiency, • reliability and • safety of power delivery and use.”
“Two Way communication network”
Or in other words
Smart Grid – The Conceptual Model
Driving Forces
& Objectives
“If it weren't for electricity we'd all be watching television by candlelight.” …By George Gobal
Driving Forces
16
Smart Grid
Climate Impact
Regulatory Mandate
Future Gen Mix
Ageing Grid and
Reliability
Customer Need
Technology Evaluation
Demand Supply
Mismatch
Power Outages
Overloading of
equipments
Inefficient
generation,
Renewable,
Distributed
Generation &
EV/PHEV
EU & US
Climate change
legislation
GHG reduction
& monitoring
Green Energy Advance
Metering
Infrastructure &
Info. & Comm.
Technology
Lack of reactive
power support
Energy bill
reduction
Low metering
and collection
efficiency
Higher losses
Smart Grid Objectives
17
Smart grid should be Process
and not product
Area Based grid
Decentralized Energy Plans
Alternative & Green Energy
sources
Least Cost to Economy and environment
New technology and scope For future
compatibility
Delivering the energy using
digital technology
Bringing Information
& Operational technology
closer
Active participation of Consumer,
Employer, Employee,
Gov.
Traditional Grid
Vs Smart Grid
“Ben Franklin may have discovered electricity- but it is the man who invented the meter who made the money” - By Earl Warren
Traditional grid Vs Smart grid
Current Grid
Analogue/electromechanical
Centralized (generators)
Reactive (prone to failures & blackouts)
Manual (field restoration)
One price
No/limited consumer choice
One-way communication (if any)
Few sensors
Hardly Equipment reporting.
Limited control over power flows
Future Grid (The Smart One)
Digital/microprocessor
Decentralized (generation) & Green
Proactive
Semi/Full Automated (self-healing)
Real time pricing
Multiple consumer products
Two-way communication
Ubiquitous monitors, sensors Condition -/performance-based Pervasive control systems
Estimated reliability Predictive reliability
Smart Grid
Smart Grid characteristics
“Recent research has proven: Trains do not run on time but on electricity” – By Loesje
Smart Grid characteristics
Intelligent – Preventing interruptions and working autonomously
Efficient – Meeting consumer demand without adding Infrastructure
Accommodating – Distributed generations and renewables,
standard protocols.
Motivating – Digital information to consumer
Opportunistic – Plug and play innovations
Quality Focused – Meeting requirement
of digital world or 21st Century
Resilient – Resistant to natural disasters, cyber
attacks
Green – Significant environment improvement
Smart Grid: The Big Picture & Standards
“Is it a fact -- or have I dreamt it -- that, by means of electricity, the world of matter has become a great nerve, vibrating thousands of miles in a breathless point of time?” - By Nathaniel Hawthorne
Smart Grid - The Big Picture
HAN
P
O
W
E
R
I
C
T
A
P
P
S
Utility Infrastructure Consumer
Bulk Generation Transmission Sub-station Distribution Buildings
Distributed Generation
& Storage
Remote meter reading & disconnect/connect, tamper & theft
detection, customer pre pay, mobile work force management
WiF
i
Zig
Be
e
Ho
me
Plu
g
FAN
PL
CC
Fib
er
RF
Wi M
ax
WAN P
riva
te
Wir
ele
ss
Wi M
ax
BP
L
Cellu
lar
VS
AT
LAN
Eth
ern
et
N/W
Sto
rag
e
Se
rve
r In
fra
.
Load Mgmt &
Control,SAS
AMI, MDM, CIS
Load Forecasting and shifting , Advance demand maintenance &
demand response ,Phasor measurement Units
Precise and
adaptable control,
smart appliances
Real time access to
meter data
ERP,EAM,EMS
, OMS, DMS,
GIS Micro grids, Self healing grid, fault protection, outage management,
dynamic PQ & voltage, Asset protection, Feeder Reconfiguration,
Advance sensing element ,Distribution Assets Analysis (DAA)
Simple integration of
distributed
generation and
storage
Enterprise
Apps & Market Application data flow to/from end-user and EMS, Real time Energy
Market, plant interconnections, Energy Tracking and Grid
Management (ETRM), Automatic generation Control (AGC)
Web portal usage
data comparison ,
TOD
Source:
GTM
Research
Standards
ANSI C12.19 / IEEE 1377 / MC1219
IEEE C37.118
IEC 61968/61970 (CIM)
MultiSpeak
IEEE 1547
BACnet – ASHRAE/ANSI 135, ISO 16484-5
IEC 61850
IEC 60870-6 TASE.2
DNP3
IEC 62351
NERC CIP 002-009
NIST Security Standards – FIPS 140-1, NIST SP800-53, NIST SP800-82, etc.
IEEE 802 family
IETF Internet Standards – TCP/IP, VPNs, TLS, SNMP, etc.
IEC PAS 62559
UtilityAMI UtiliSec /AMI-SEC Specification
UtilityAMI 2008 HAN Systems Requirements Specification
HomePlug/ZigBee Alliance Smart Energy Profile
Benefits
& Barriers in Implementation
“Is it a fact -- or have I dreamt it -- that, by means of electricity, the world of matter has become a great nerve, vibrating thousands of miles in a breathless point of time?” - By Nathaniel Hawthorne
Opportunities & Benefits of a Smart Grid
Benefits
Optimizing asset
utilization and efficient
operation
Enhancing reliability
Reducing vulnerability to man-made
events and natural
disasters
Benefits for commercial &
Industrial Consumers
Reducing widespread
outages
Improving power quality
Smart Grid Asset Utilization
Barriers in Smart Grid Implementation
1. Policy and regulation
2. Business case
3. Technology maturity and delivery risk
4. Awareness / Customer Transformation 5. Access to affordable capital
6. Skills and knowledge
7. Cybersecurity and data privacy
Of the eight barriers outlined above, the first three pose the most significant hurdles, but, if addressed, will go along way towards creating an environment that will encourage investment in smart grids
8. Exponential data flood
Global Scenario, Investments, Stimulus, Market Players
“Updating the way we get our electricity by starting to build a new Smart Grid that will save money, protect our power sources from Blackout or attack, & deliver clean, alternative forms of Energy” - President Barak Obama (January 8, 2009)
Smart Grid Global investment
31
Global Scenario
32
Italy :By 2011, all 36 million customers on smart metering
Finland: Hourly metering and settlement by January 2014.
Spain: Endesa & Iberdrola to deploy 10 million smart meters
UK, Germany, Ireland, Finland, Denmark & Netherlands
also in the progress
Test Bed at Jeju
Island Completion in
May 2013.
6000 Household
$150 mn private
investment and $ 50
mn from public
funding
China will be investing in
the order of $100 billion in
10 Years
The American Reinvestment and
Recovery Act (ARRA) allocated
$4.5 billion to smart grid
spending projects. India:BESCOM $13.75
million pilot project
$74.0m, Smart City
demonstration project
in Newcastle & parts of
Sydney, running until 2013.
Singapore is investing
$27.5m to construct the
world’s largest experimental
energy smart grid at 1MW
capacity, where international
companies are welcome to
test-bed and implement new
energy technologies
Global Stimulus
Venture Capital Investment in Smart Grid
Year VC Funding in Smart Grid Firms
2005 $ 60 M
2006 $ 281 M
2007 $ 419 M
2008 $ 461 M
2009 Ytd $ 37.5 M+
Major Players
Sketch of the Future
2010 2015 2020
I
N
F
R
A
M
A
R
K
E
T
U
S
E
R
Demand Response
Energy Management
AMR DMS / OMS
Micro Grid pilot PHEV
pilot
Dynamic pricing
Self Healing grids
Load control With DR
Phasor Monitoring
Rooftop Solar Smart appliances
PHEV
FACTs
Smart meter AMI
Substation HT/LT Automation
Power Trading
Open access
HAN Graphical
Display
Cable diagnostics
PHEV rates
PHEV charging infra
Advanced protection
MDM
Smart Customer portal
Performance dashboard
Market participation of consumer
Smart Grid – The India Story
Union Minister of Power Shri Sushilkumar Shinde launched the India Smart Grid Forum, the first initiative of its kind in the power sector, in New Delhi, according to a statement released by the Power Ministry. Mr Shinde said that 'Smart' and 'Intelligent' are becoming the buzz words for Indian Power Sector because deployment and adoption of latest technologies will help it to leap forward into a new orbit – Published on www.constructionweekonline.in
Major Drivers that will drive Smart Grid Adoption in India
Major Drivers
Supply Shortfalls
Renewable Energy
Cost Savings
&
Improved Consumer
Satisfaction
Environment
Grid Improvements
Managing the “human element” in
system operations
Technology Leapfrogging
Peak Load Managemen
t
Loss Reduction
Challenges for Smart Grid Adoption in India
Funding Issues
Regulatory Issues
Where when and how to implement?
40
Study domain requirement
Identify Hot zones
Identify the project partners
Where
No mass roll Out only Pilot
Start / Test Redefine
Anticipate Uncertainty
When
Gain Experience Cost Benefit
analysis Review and Recalibrate
How
Build a specific 5 Yrs business plan with Smart Grid focus for 2010-15.
A Proposal to Implement Smart Grid for HT Consumers in Maharashtra
A Snapshot of Maharashtra
Snap Shot of Maharashtra
# Maharashtra Power System
Particulars
1 Area (in Sq.km) 307,690
2 Districts 35
3 Villages 40,615
4 Towns 457
5 Population (2001) 96,878,627
6 Installed Capacity (in MW) 21,654
7 Daily Demand met (in MU) 325-340
8 Discoms 5
9 Gencos 4
10 Trascos 3
11 SDLC 1
Snap Shot of Maharashtra
# Particulars
12 EHV S/S 504
13 HT S/S 2,000
14 EHV Lines (in km) 40,000
15 HT/LT Lines (in km) 720,000
16 Total Customers (in Millions) 21
17 Total HT Consumers 16092
18 Total Consumption of Electricity as of 2007-2008 (in Million KWh)
69,838
Some Important Figures
Electricity Demand, Availability & Shortfall Scenario
Year 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009 to Upto 11
May 2010
MW MW MW MW MW
Demand 14061 14825 15689 15656 15304
Availability 9856 10298 10412 10715 11179
Shortfall 4205 4527 5277 4941 4125
Installed Power Generation Capacity in Maharashtra State (in Mega Watts)
Particulars Hydro Thermal Gas Nuclear Non-Conventional Energy Total
MSPGCL 2837 6800 852 0 0 10039
TPCL 447 1400 180 0 0 2027
REL 0 500 0 0 0 500
IPP/CPP 201 908 2007 0 2114 5230
CS (MS) 384 2173 429 757 0 3435
TOTAL 3869 11781 3468 757 2114 21231
HT Consumers across category for Maharashtra
Category R-Infra TPC BEST MSED
CL TOTAL
Group Housing Society 18 0 5 0 23
HT Commercial 272 542 75 2587 3476
HT I Industry 176 158 52 9899 10285
Public Water Works 0 0 0 729 729
HT Railways 0 4 0 49 53
HT Agricultural 0 0 0 1074 1074
HT Bulk Supply (Residential & Commercial Complex)
0 0 0 451 451
Mula Pravara Electric Co-op Society (MPECS)
0 0 0 1 1
TOTAL 466 704 132 14790 16092
Proposed Benifits
Demand Side Management with AMI
Off-Grid Renewable Energy for Irrigation Pumping
Wastewater Treatment Plant Methane Capture
Distributed RE Generation in Remote Rural Villages
? Questions ???????
What’s Your Message?
Thank You