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A tiny dust size device with extra-ordinary capabilities. Often calledmicro electro-mechanical sensors.

Combines sensing, computing, wirelesscommunication capabilities.

autonomous power supply within

volume of only few millimeters.

What is smart dust

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A single Smart Dust mote has: A semiconductor laser diode and MEMS beam

steering mirror for active optical transmission.

A MEMS corner cube retro-reflector (CCR) for

passive optical transmission.

MEMS sensor

An optical receiver.

A signal processing and control circuitry.

A power source based on thick-film batteries and

solar cells.

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Smart Dust com onents

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Comprises of three mutuallyperpendicular mirrors of gold-coated

poly-silicon.

Has the property that any incident ray oflight is reflected back to the source

provided that it is incident within acertain range of angles centered aboutthe cube's body diagonal

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The micro-fabricated CCR

includes an electrostatic actuator thatcan deflect one of the mirrors atkilohertz rates.

Thus the external light source can betransmitted back in theform of modulated signal at kilobits

per second

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PASSIVE

ACTIVEACTIVEACTIVEActive

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ACTIVE semiconductor diode,

collimating lens, beamsteering micro mirror Comparatively high power

usage Used only for short duration Inter mote communication

present Long range ~ tens of km Higher bit rates ~ few mbps Base station commands

&wake up the motes

PASSIVE Uses corner cube retro

reflector (CCR) Low power consumption Can be used for longer

duration Inter mote communication

absent Short range ~150 m Lower bit rates ~ few kbps Motes transmit periodic

information automatically byCCR to base station

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SIZE:

BATTERY:

ENERGY EFFICIENCY:

PRICING:

PHYSICAL SECURITY:

UPGRADING:

MAJOR CHALLENGES:

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It is a special class of sensor network

Fine sensing granularity

Applications :

Enemy troop monitoring Large scale Biology or Geology

Smart office spaces

Defense-related sensor networks

Inventory Control Meteorological and geophysical monitoring

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The map showing the geographical location for the motes to dropped in Iraq forsurveillance during war. Manned surveillance is almost impossible

MILITARY APPLICATION:

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Forest fire detection

Implementation :drop smart dustfrom an airplane

Motes self-organizeinto a networkUsage

A mote that detects afire notifies centralmonitoring station

The mote location istheapproximate locatio

n of the fire

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Conclusion:

There are many ongoing researches on Smart

Dust, the main purpose of these researches is to

make Smart Dust mote as small as possible andto make it available at as low price as possible.

Soon we will see Smart Dust being used in

varied application.

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