Small-scale fishing communities and climate change: A human rights perspective Chandrika Sharma...
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Transcript of Small-scale fishing communities and climate change: A human rights perspective Chandrika Sharma...
Small-scale fishing communities and climate change: A human rights
perspectiveChandrika Sharma
International Collective in Support of Fishworkers
Oceans and Climate Change - The scientific basis for meeting future challenges for coastal development and poverty reduction
12 October 2010Stockholm, Sweden
Climate change and fisheries: anticipated
impacts• Sea-level rise, subsidence, erosion, flooding• Rise in sea temperature, changes in
upwellings, change in species distribution, range and productivity
• Ocean acidification, coral bleaching• Loss of wetlands/ stress on mangroves• Exposure to extreme weather events—
cyclones, typhoons…• Water stress, drying of rivers and lakes
Fishing communities on the “frontline”—victims not the cause
Fishing communities and climate change
Fishing communities known to be disadvantaged• Insecure access to land and fishery resources• Exploitation by those who control inputs and
trade of fishery products• Poor access to basic services • Competition from industrial fleets• Pollution of inshore waters, environmental
degradation• Weak organizations, marginalized in
decisionmaking • Women disadvantaged in specific ways
Fishing communities and climate change
•Existing vulnerabilities likely to be exacerbated by the effects of climate change
•Existing vulnerabilities likely to affect ability for resilience and adaptation
Climate change and human rights
• The UN Human Rights Council addressed the connection between climate change and human rights in 2009
• Policies adopted for dealing with climate change should be coherent with overall human rights objectives—should protect, promote and fulfill rights to life and health, food and water, housing and property, a healthy environment, culture
• Actions taken to minimize and adapt to the effects of climate change must not infringe upon human rights.
Climate change policies and fishing communities• Policies for adaptation to climate
change should respond to existing vulnerabilities that exacerbate the impact of climate change, while enhancing resilience and adaptive capacity
• Bangkok Statement from Civil Society and Shared Gender Agenda provide clear pointers on issues that need to be addressed
Climate change policies and fishing communitiesEssential elements:• Adaptation strategies developed in
participatory ways, drawing on traditional and local knowledge and communities’ understanding of climate change
• Community-based disaster planning, early warning systems, safety at sea
• Decentralized co-management of resources, with greater ability and flexibility to respond to changes
Climate change policies and fishing communities• Improvement of basic services—also to
improve ability to enhance and diversify livelihoods
• Access to information• Accountability mechanisms in
implementation of measures and policies
• Funds and other resources for adaptation and resources management available to communities
Climate change policies and fishing communities
• Effort should be to improve socioeconomic wellbeing, secure roles in decisionmaking, improve resource management, thereby enhancing adaptive capacity
Climate change policies and fishing communities
Policies for adaptation and mitigation should not violate human rights of
already disadvantaged communities
MPAs as Blue Carbon Sinks
Mangrove conservation under REDD funding
Wind farms/ alternative energy/ nuclear
energy
construction of coastal defences
relocation of populations from coastal/ low-lying areasGeoengineering solutions
Thank you
Thank you
Promoting sustainable
SSF should be recognized as
a good strategy to deal with
climate change!