Slope Failure Presentation

8/18/2019 Slope Failure Presentation

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GROUP 2

SLOPE FAILURE IN UKMBANGI

TEAM MEMBERS:NAME STUDENT ID JEEVITHRA RAJASEGARAN A151948

MUNIROH BT BAHARIN@BAHADON A149001

AMALIN NUR FATIHAH BT ZAIRI A149890

KAMEROL SHUFIAN B HE RUS A148!!0

LETURER: IR" DR ANUAR

KASA


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INTRODUTIONSlope failure occurs when the downward movements of material due to

gravity and shear stresses exceeds the shear strength.

People increasingly greedy explore and open up new areas for varioususes. Malaysia national universities Bangi campus also the hilly areasbefore.

The area explored and its terrace for building construction. This led tothe loss of authenticity and contaminated soil.

Construction of buildings and infrastructure has disturbed the soilecosystem in UM Bangi Campus. This is because the natural soilconditions were disturbed by the activities of construction activity.

Slope failure problems can be a big e!ect to the safety of life andproperty. Slope that had a big ris" for collapse must be solved by

strengthening the slope of the corresponding method that ma"e itsecure.

The weather was dry and humid Malaysia also be factored into thecontrol slope conditions.

#rainage systems in UM is an important factor because the position ofeach region is not the same level. There have been repaired and there

are still ruins left because the level is still in its infancy.


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LOATION OF

RESEARH


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$ocation%N#$% FST


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GEOLOGIALDISONTINUITIE

S

GEOMETR&

SLOPE

TEMPERATURE

STATE OFSTRESS

EFFET OF'ATER

FATORS

AFFETINGSLOPEFAILURE

VEGETATION

EROSION


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&'($(&)C*$ #)SC(+T)+U)T)'S* discontinuity can be in the form of a

bedding plane, foliation -any planararrangement of mineral grains or structuralfeatures within a roc", /oint, cleavage,fracture, crac", or fault plane and controls thetype of failure which may occur in a roc"slope.

The properties of discontinuities % orientation,persistence, roughness and in0lling are playimportant role in the stability of /ointed roc"slope.

)t ma"es a soil or roc" mass anisotro ic


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The orientation of a ma/or geologicaldiscontinuity also controls the possibility ofunstable conditions and its determines theshape of the individual bloc"s.

(rientation of a discontinuity can be de0nedby its dip -maximum inclination to thehori1ontal and dip direction -direction of thehori1ontal trace of the line of dip, measured

cloc"wise from north.


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'22'CT (2 3*T'4ground water or a5uifer below the surface that

generates pore water pressure and the other israinwater in0ltration that seeps through surface and

6ows along the slope generating water pressure.)n medium to hard roc", water occupying the

fractures within the roc" mass can signi0cantlyreduce the stability of a roc" slope.

3ater pressure acting within a discontinuity reducesthe e!ective normal stress acting on the plane, thusreducing the shear strength along that plane.


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*ddition of water from rainfall adds weight tothe slope and ground water also exists nearlyeverywhere beneath the earth surface.

3ater 0lls the pore spaces between thegrains or fractures in the roc" then can seepinto discontinuity present in the roc" massreplacing the air in the pore space thusincreasing the weight of the soil. )t leads toincrease in e!ective stress resulting intofailure of the slope.


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ST*T' (2 ST4'SS7igh hori1ontal stresses acting roughly

perpendicular to a cut slope may cause bloc"sto move outward due to the stress reliefprovided by the cut.

7igh hori1ontal stresses may also causespilling 8brea" -core, roc", stone or concreteinto smaller pieces9 of the surface of a cutslope.

The stored stresses is most li"ely be relievedto some degree near the ground surface or

perpendicular to slope walls.


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&'(M'T4: S$(P' The critical height of slope depends on shear strength,

density and bearing capacity of the slope foundation.

Slope stability generally decreases with increase in

height of slope. *s the slope height increases, theshear stress within toe of slope increases due toadded weight.

Shear stress is also related to the mass of the materialand the slope angle.

3ith increasing slope angle, the tangential stressincreases which result in increase in shear stress thusreducing its stability


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T'MP'4*TU4'$arge temperature changes can cause roc" to

spall due to the accompanying contractionand expansion.

2ree1ing of water in discontinuities causesmore signi0cant damage by loosening theroc" mass. 4epeated free1e cycles may resultin gradual loss of strength.

7owever, in a few cases, surfacedeterioration could trigger slope instability ona larger scale.


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'4(S)(+'rosion caused by groundwater or surface runo!.

'rosion changes the geometry of the potentially unstable roc"mass.

The removal of material at the toe of a potential slide reducesthe con0ning stress that may be stabili1ing the slope.

$ocali1ed erosion of /oint 0lling material, or 1ones of weatheredroc", can e!ectively decrease interloc"ing between ad/acentroc" bloc"s. $oss of such interloc"ing signi0cantly reduces theroc" mass shear strength.

The resulting decrease in shear strength may allow a previouslystable roc" mass to move causing slope failure.

)n addition, locali1ed erosion may also result in increasedpermeability and ground;water 6ow thus a!ecting the stability ofroc" slope.


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Shrubs have deeper rooting and robust and cheapre5uiring low maintenance. )t o!ers substantial

ground cover and available in many ever greenspecies.

Trees have substantial rooting, low maintenance butre5uire long time to establish and are slow growing.

The relative e!ectiveness of these di!erentvegetation patterns in a speci0c locale is a functionof 5uality of vegetation, topography, slope, andhydrology, geology, and soils characteristics.

The loss or removal of slope vegetation can result ineither increased rates of erosion or higherfre5uencies of slope failure.


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2*)$U4' 4oad accidents caused by collision of cars and also slope crashing

on cars will bring a huge impact on human>s life -students,

lecturers, parents, etc..Slope failures leaves damage on the greenery in the particular

compound as trees do collapse due to the slope pressure on trees.

Climate changes% becomes hotter where the temperature increasesdue to lac" of trees in the particular area.

Slope failures causes the environment to be polluted. 3hen a slopefails, sediments are released to the air which causes more dust inthe air. The dust in the air leads to diseases li"e asthma,con/unctivitis and much more.

2urthermore, the roads becomes uneven due to crac"s on particularroads caused by the impact of the fall of the slope.

Slope failures also causes heavy tra=c which leads to moreaccidents. +ot forgetting the extinction of animals -mon"eys, trees5uirrels, birds, etc. due to loss of their habitat.

Slope failures can lead to 6ood during rainy seasons. This bringsmuch harder impact to the road users.


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T:P' (2 S$(P' 2*)$U4' F$(() These are characteri1ed by movement away from existing

discontinuities, such as /oints, 0ssures, steeply;inclined beddingplanes, fault planes, etc. and within which the slope failureassisted or precipitated by the e!ects of water or ice pressure

Slope fall near 2ST


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S(*+#)

-a Translational slides happen when there islinear movement of roc"s bloc"s along soillayer or surface lying near to the -slopingsurface -4oy, ?@@A. These movements arenormally fairly shallow and parallel to thesurface as translational slide.


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-b4otational slips occur in homogeneous softroc"s or cohesive soils. The movement ta"es

place along the curved shear surface in such away that the slipping mass slumps down nearthe top of the slope and bulges up near thetoe.

Picture around "p1


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Picture around 2*B new building


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F(,-)

The soil at surface moves partially or wholly as a 6uid. The

6owing mass often exists in wea" saturated soils when thepore pressure has increased plus decreasing the shearstrength of soil.

picture around Permata Pintar


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Picture around 2ST


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Picture around P


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S($UT)(+

BIOTEHNIAL SLOPE STABILIZATION

$ive cut brush, woody stems, and roots can be used tocreate a stable, composite earth mass.

The functional value of vegetation in this regard has now

been well established.Biotechnical stabili1ation refers to the integrated or

combined use of living vegetation and inert structuralcomponents.

$ive cuttings and stems are purposely planted and

arranged in the ground where they serve as soilreinforcements, hori1ontal drains, and barriers to earthmovement.

The live cut stems and branches provide immediatereinforcement.


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S.##/ P*(*

Sheet piling is an earth retention and excavationsupport techni5ue that retains soil, using steelsheet sections with interloc"ing edges.

Sheet piles are installed in se5uence to designdepth along the planned excavation perimeter or

seawall alignment. The interloc"ed sheet piles form a wall for

permanent or temporary lateral earth supportwith reduced groundwater in6ow.

*nchors can be included to provide additionallateral support if re5uired.


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Sheet pile walls have been used to supportexcavations for below grade par"ing structures,

basements, pump houses, and foundations,construct co!erdams, and to construct seawalls andbul"heads.

Permanent steel sheet piles are designed toprovide a long service life.


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S.,/ %#/#

Shot Crete is, in e!ect, a version of a cast;in;place concrete wall.

4ather than placing concrete into forms, however, a fresh mix is

sprayed onto wall panels that have been erected in the shape of thebuilding.

* no11le man applies concrete from a pressuri1ed hose to surround the

reinforcement and build up the wall thic"ness, forming structural

shapes that include walls, 6oors, roofs, and other.

This material has also been called guniteD in reference to the no11leor gunD used to shoot material at the form face.

Shotcrete systems have advantages similar to all other concrete walls. They are strong, durable, and resistant to disasters, 0res, mould,

insects and vermin, and have low permeability, good thermal mass,

and create tight envelopes.

*lthough the hardened properties of shotcrete are similar toconventional cast;in;place concrete.

)ts bene0ts are very fast erection, particularly on complex forms or

shapes, including curved walls and arches.

Shotcrete is a cost e!ective building method due to the speed of

construction and minimal e5uipment re5uirements.


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G#,%*+* geogrid is geosynthetics material used to reinforce soils and

similar materials. &eogrids are commonly used toreinforce retaining walls, as well as subbases or subsoils belowroads or structures.

Soils pull apart under tension. Compared to soil, geogrids arestrong in tension and allows them to transfer forces to a largerarea of soil than would otherwise, the slopes fail.

the openings between the ad/acent sets of longitudinal andtransverse ribs, called apertures,D are large enough to allow forsoil stri"e;through from one side of the geogrid to the other.

I 3 #,%* *) $66(*#+ $/ /.# 7(%#) )(,6# *%,/ ,FSSK"/.#%# -$) $(%#$+ ,;#%#+ -*/. %$))"


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R#/$** '$((

4etaining walls are structures designed to restrain soil tounnatural slopes.

used to bound soils between two di!erent elevations oftenin areas of terrain possessing undesirable slopes or in areaswhere the landscape needs to be shaped severely and

engineered for more speci0c purposes li"e hillside farmingor roadway overpasses.

The most important consideration in proper design andinstallation of retaining walls is to recogni1e and counteractthe tendency of the retained material to move downslope

due to gravity.


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&ravity wall

Standard wall type that holds the earth mainly through itsown weight. Can pivot and topples relatively easily, asthe internal weight of the earth pressure is very high.

Piling wall

Using long piles, this wall is 0xed by soil on both sides ofits lower length. )f the piles themselves can resist the

bending forces, this wall can ta"e high loads.Cantilever wall

The cantilever wall -which may also extend in the otherdirection uses the same earth pressure trying to topple itto stabili1e itself with a second lever arm.

*nchored wall This wall "eeps itself from toppling by having cables

driven into the soil or roc", 0xed by expanding anchors-can be combined with other types of walls.


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T#%%$*


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G$=*, R#/$** '$((

&abion are used to manage stream ban"s or slopes against erosion. (theruses include retaining walls, temporary 6oodwalls, silt 0ltration fromruno!, for small or temporary or permanent dams, river training, or

channel lining. They may be used to direct the force of a 6ow of 6oodwater around a vulnerable structure.

* gabion wall is a retaining wall made of stac"ed stone;0lled gabions tiedtogether with wire. &abion walls are usually battered -angled bac" towardsthe slope, or stepped bac" with the slope, rather than stac"ed vertically.

&abion bas"ets have some advantages over loose riprap because of their

modularity and ability to be stac"ed in various shapesF they are alsoresistant to being washed away by moving water. &abions also haveadvantages over more rigid structures, because they can conform tosubsidence, dissipate energy from 6owing water, and drain freely. Their

strength and e!ectiveness may increase with time in some cases, as siltand vegetation 0ll the interstitial voids and reinforce the structure.

The structure will fail when the wire fails. &alvani1ed steel wire is mostcommon, but P


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S($UT)(+ US'# )+ UM


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$'SS(+ $'*4+TE/.*) ;$(#

'thics is the science of what is good and whatis bad and moral rights and responsibilities.

'thics is the science about how and why wefollow a certain moral teachings or how we

should ta"e a responsible attitude in dealingwith various moral teachings.

'thical values learned from this pro/ect iscooperative.-Team members,$ecturers

4espect each other.

Time management.


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P%,#))*,$(*) ;$(#

Professionalism is a behaviour, a goal or a set of

5ualities that mar" or delineate the form of aIprofessionI.

Professionalism also contains the notion of aprofession run for pro0t or as a source of livelihood.

Besides the terms of professionalism, there is aterm that profession. Professionals often do wemean by Iwor"I or I/obI of our day;to;day.

But the words that come from the treasuryprofession *ngglo Saxon not only contained the

de0nition of Iwor"I only.Profession re5uires not only speciali1ed "nowledge

and expertise through preparation and practice, butin the sense of IprofessionI glued also a IcallI.

Slope Failure Presentation

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