[Slideshare] lesson#7(a)tauhid course-12-may-2012.pptx

IN THE NAME OF ALLAHIN THE NAME OF ALLAHMOST COMPASIONATEMOST COMPASIONATEMOST MERCIFULMOST MERCIFUL

““INTRODUCTION TO THE INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF TAUSTUDY OF TAUHHEED”EED”

Intermediate Level Islamic course in English for Adultsconducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail

A NEW MODULE

BATCH-COURSE [2012]

16 weekly class started from: 3 March 2012 16 weekly class started from: 3 March 2012 Every Saturday night @ 8pm – 10pmEvery Saturday night @ 8pm – 10pm

Wisma Indah, 450 Changi Road, Wisma Indah, 450 Changi Road, #02-00 next to Masjid Kassim#02-00 next to Masjid Kassim

IT CAN ALSO BE A IT CAN ALSO BE A REFRESHER COURSE REFRESHER COURSE

FOR MUSLIM FOR MUSLIM PARENTS, EDUCATORS, PARENTS, EDUCATORS,

IN CONTEMPORARY IN CONTEMPORARY SINGAPORE. SINGAPORE. OPEN TO ALLOPEN TO ALL

For further information and registration For further information and registration contact Econtact E-mail : -mail : [email protected] +65 81234669 / +65 96838279or +65 81234669 / +65 96838279

Using curriculum he has developed especially for English-speakingUsing curriculum he has developed especially for English-speakingMuslim converts and young English-speaking Adult Muslims. Muslim converts and young English-speaking Adult Muslims.

““To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”

# 7 (a)# 7 (a)LESSON

REVISED @ APRIL 2012)REVISED @ APRIL 2012)

All Rights Reserved© Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2012)

mailto:[email protected]

TO CONTINUE FROM PREVIOUSTO CONTINUE FROM PREVIOUS


TAUTAUHHEED AL-ULUHIYYAHEED AL-ULUHIYYAH : To assert that only : To assert that only AllahAllah alone is the God alone is the God

((al-ilaahal-ilaah), we must first reject any other (false deities which people ), we must first reject any other (false deities which people

may ascribe) to be God.may ascribe) to be God.

““LAA-ILAA-HA -IL-LALLAH”LAA-ILAA-HA -IL-LALLAH”

NOTE:NOTE:

In this statement it contains 2 aspects:In this statement it contains 2 aspects:

[1] [1] NAFI NAFI – Negation– Negation

[2] [2] ITSBAT ITSBAT - Affirmation - Affirmation


This statement of This statement of TAUTAUHHEEDEED in Islam is concise, yet explicit and clear, as in Islam is concise, yet explicit and clear, as

it firstly removes any ambiguity by negating all ‘it firstly removes any ambiguity by negating all ‘othersothers’ which mankind ’ which mankind

may have erroneously regarded as god (gods or goddesses), prior to may have erroneously regarded as god (gods or goddesses), prior to

asserting that Allah SWT is the Only God.asserting that Allah SWT is the Only God.


If the negation aspect is not done, our notion of the Absolute Oneness If the negation aspect is not done, our notion of the Absolute Oneness

of Allah, indeed, would be compromised. of Allah, indeed, would be compromised.

Without which, syncreticism may occur.Without which, syncreticism may occur.


This “This “negation-assertionnegation-assertion” process, teaches us Muslims that, to be ” process, teaches us Muslims that, to be

worshippers or devotees (‘worshippers or devotees (‘AABIDAABID) of Allah, we must also be wary of ) of Allah, we must also be wary of

every falsehood, which we are to consciously negate or deny, in order every falsehood, which we are to consciously negate or deny, in order

to assert (purely and sincerely) the Truth of the Absolute Oneness of to assert (purely and sincerely) the Truth of the Absolute Oneness of

Allah.Allah.


TAUTAUHHEEDEED in Allah SWT must be opposed to in Allah SWT must be opposed to SHIRKSHIRK

OnlyOnly ALLAH alone ALLAH alone is to be regarded as God (is to be regarded as God (DivineDivine)),, whilst all others whilst all others

are termedare termed ““TAGHUTTAGHUT.”.”


Therefore to have the knowledge of Therefore to have the knowledge of what opposes TAUwhat opposes TAUHHEEDEED is also is also

necessary (obligatory). necessary (obligatory).

We shall have to also learn to identify what are the “We shall have to also learn to identify what are the “TAGHUTTAGHUT “ and “ and

what constitute “what constitute “SHIRKSHIRK””, so that we can avoid them all., so that we can avoid them all.


Allah SWT alludes to these in the Qur’an:Allah SWT alludes to these in the Qur’an:

For We assuredly sent amongst every People a messenger, For We assuredly sent amongst every People a messenger,

(with the Command) "Serve (worship) Allah, and eschew the (with the Command) "Serve (worship) Allah, and eschew the

‘‘TaghutTaghut’ ’ ** (False gods, all powers of Evil)“ (False gods, all powers of Evil)“

((Qur’an: An-Nahlu: 16: 36Qur’an: An-Nahlu: 16: 36))


“whoever rejects ‘‘TaghutTaghut’ ’ ** (False gods, all powers of Evil) (False gods, all powers of Evil) and

believes in Allah hath grasped the most trustworthy hand-hold,

that never breaks. And Allah heareth and knoweth all things.”

((Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 256Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 256))


“Allah is the (Waliyy) Protector of those who have faith: from the

depths of darkness, He will lead them forth into light.”

((Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 257Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 257))


““Verily Allah does not forgive the Verily Allah does not forgive the ascribing of divinity to ascribing of divinity to

aught besides Him aught besides Him (i.e. commit (i.e. commit SHIRKSHIRK **) , although He ) , although He

forgives any lesser sin unto whomever He wills; for he who forgives any lesser sin unto whomever He wills; for he who

ascribes divinity to aught besides Allah (ascribes divinity to aught besides Allah (SHIRK SHIRK ** ) has indeed ) has indeed

contrived an awesome sin.”contrived an awesome sin.”

((Qur’an: An-Nisa’: 4: 48Qur’an: An-Nisa’: 4: 48))


Behold, Luqman said to his son admonishing him: "O my son! Join Behold, Luqman said to his son admonishing him: "O my son! Join

not in not in worship (others) with Allahworship (others) with Allah: for ascribing partners to Allah : for ascribing partners to Allah

i.e. false worship (i.e. false worship (SHIRK SHIRK **) is indeed the highest wrong-doing.“ ) is indeed the highest wrong-doing.“

((Qur’an: Luqman: 31: 13Qur’an: Luqman: 31: 13))


““They disbelieve(commit They disbelieve(commit KUFRKUFR) who say: Allah ) who say: Allah is one of is one of

three three in a in a TrinityTrinity: for there is no god except One God. If they : for there is no god except One God. If they

desist not from their word (of desist not from their word (of blasphemyblasphemy), verily a grievous ), verily a grievous

penalty will befall the penalty will befall the blasphemers among themblasphemers among them. Why turn . Why turn

they not to Allah and seek His forgiveness? For Allah is Oft-they not to Allah and seek His forgiveness? For Allah is Oft-

Forgiving, Most Merciful.” Forgiving, Most Merciful.”

((Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 5: 73-74Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 5: 73-74))


Say: "O people of the Book! come to common terms as

between us and you: that we worship none but Allah;

that we associate no partners with Him; that we erect

not from among ourselves Lords and patrons other than

Allah." If then they turn back, say: ye! "Bear witness that

we (at least) are Muslims (bowing to Allah's will).“ “

((Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 64Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 64))


The term “The term “ “ pronounce ‘“ pronounce ‘SHIRKSHIRK’ – means “’ – means “partner; partner;

associate; one who shares; etcassociate; one who shares; etc.”.”

Therefore in Islam we refer this to the sin of : Therefore in Islam we refer this to the sin of :

“ “associating or ascribing to Allah others, as partners associating or ascribing to Allah others, as partners .”.”


““falsely setting up or ascribing partners to falsely setting up or ascribing partners to God from amongst the tangible objects or God from amongst the tangible objects or imaginary things in creation or conceived in imaginary things in creation or conceived in the mind, which they regard to be also the mind, which they regard to be also ‘Divine’ and directing to it, as object of their ‘Divine’ and directing to it, as object of their worship (worship (MA’BUDMA’BUD).”).”


associate; one who shares; etc.”associate; one who shares; etc.”



The sin of "The sin of "SHIRKSHIRK “ is in the ‘ “ is in the ‘ belief belief ’ not merely ’ not merely

the ‘the ‘outward actionoutward action.’ .’


CONSIDER ALSO THESE QUR’ANIC VERSES

“ “And when We said unto the angels: ‘Prostrate (And when We said unto the angels: ‘Prostrate (SUJD’SUJD’) )

yourselves before Adam,’ they fell prostrate, all save Iblis. yourselves before Adam,’ they fell prostrate, all save Iblis.

He demurred through pride, and so became a disbeliever.” He demurred through pride, and so became a disbeliever.”

((Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 34Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 34) )



““And whoso And whoso magnifies the sacred things of Allahmagnifies the sacred things of Allah, it will , it will

be well for him in the sight of his Lord. The cattle are be well for him in the sight of his Lord. The cattle are

lawful unto you save that which hath been told you. So lawful unto you save that which hath been told you. So

shun the filth of idols, and shun lying speech”shun the filth of idols, and shun lying speech”

((Qur’an: Hajj: 22: 30Qur’an: Hajj: 22: 30) )



“That (is the command). And whoso magnifies (hold in

reverence) the offerings consecrated to Allah (SHI-’AAR), it

surely is from devotion of the hearts (TAQWA-AL-QULUUB).”

(Qur’an: Hajj: 22: 32)



“Turning unto Allah (only), not ascribing partners unto

Him (SHIRK) ; for whoso ascribes partners unto Allah,

it is as if he had fallen from the sky and the birds had

snatched him or the wind had blown him to a far-off

place.”

(Qur’an: Hajj: 22: 31)



“ “And he (Yusuf) placed his parents on the dais and And he (Yusuf) placed his parents on the dais and

they fell down before him prostrate (they fell down before him prostrate (SUJD’SUJD’), and he ), and he

said: O my father! This is the interpretation of my said: O my father! This is the interpretation of my

dream of old. My Lord hath made it true, and He dream of old. My Lord hath made it true, and He

hath shown me kindness, since He took me out of hath shown me kindness, since He took me out of

the prison and hath brought you from the desert the prison and hath brought you from the desert

after Satan had made strife between me and my after Satan had made strife between me and my

brethren. Lo! my Lord is tender unto whom He will. brethren. Lo! my Lord is tender unto whom He will.

He is the Knower, the Wise.” He is the Knower, the Wise.”

((Qur’an: Yusuf: 12: 100Qur’an: Yusuf: 12: 100))



associate; one who shares; etcassociate; one who shares; etc.”.”



As previous said, the sin of "As previous said, the sin of "SHIRKSHIRK “ is in the ‘ “ is in the ‘ belief belief ’ ’

and not merely the ‘and not merely the ‘outward actionoutward action.’ .’

It is only “It is only “SHIRKSHIRK” ” when a person: when a person:


[1] [1] a person who, in his belief regards other being or entity a person who, in his belief regards other being or entity

in creation, to be also ‘Divine’; orin creation, to be also ‘Divine’; or


[1] a person who, in his belief regards other being or entity [1] a person who, in his belief regards other being or entity


[2[2] the belief that these other in creation have a share in ] the belief that these other in creation have a share in

‘Divinity’ with Allah in His exclusive aspects; in His exclusive ‘Divinity’ with Allah in His exclusive aspects; in His exclusive

attributes; orattributes; or


[1] a person who, in his belief regards other being or entity [1] a person who, in his belief regards other being or entity


[2] the belief that these other in creation have a share in [2] the belief that these other in creation have a share in

‘Divinity’ with Allah in His exclusive aspects; in His exclusive ‘Divinity’ with Allah in His exclusive aspects; in His exclusive

attributes; orattributes; or

[3] [3] to regard these as being independent of Allah.to regard these as being independent of Allah.


Note:Note:

It is indeed true when a learned scholar said : It is indeed true when a learned scholar said :

“ “ SHIRKSHIRK “ is an intellectual sin.” “ is an intellectual sin.”

Just like Just like TAUTAUHHEEDEED, it deals primarily with ‘, it deals primarily with ‘thoughts or cognitionthoughts or cognition’; ’;

i.e. what a person ‘i.e. what a person ‘knows and believesknows and believes’ regarding God or the ’ regarding God or the

‘‘DivineDivine’ .’ .


Note:Note:

A person’s belief may generally be presumed, to be adhering to A person’s belief may generally be presumed, to be adhering to

the creed which he professes to follow. the creed which he professes to follow.


Note:Note:

A person’s belief may generally be presumed, to be adhering to A person’s belief may generally be presumed, to be adhering to

the creed which he professes to follow. the creed which he professes to follow.

Thus, unlike non-Muslims, all Muslims are to be regarded as a Thus, unlike non-Muslims, all Muslims are to be regarded as a

““MUWAAMUWAAHHEEDEED”, (those upholding ”, (those upholding TAUTAUHHEEDEED) unless proven to be ) unless proven to be

otherwise.otherwise.


““Three things make up the essential basis of believing (Three things make up the essential basis of believing (iimaniiman): ):

[1] [1] To stop (to desist) from accusing as unbeliever, anyone who To stop (to desist) from accusing as unbeliever, anyone who

has declared – ‘There is no god except Allah’; has declared – ‘There is no god except Allah’;

[2][2] never regard him as heretic (unbeliever) only because of his never regard him as heretic (unbeliever) only because of his

committing sins nor to consider him as having exited from Islam committing sins nor to consider him as having exited from Islam

because of his act of disobedient ; and because of his act of disobedient ; and

[3] [3] duty of JIHAD (striving in the cause of Allah) remains since duty of JIHAD (striving in the cause of Allah) remains since

the time I was sent till the last one in my ummah battles the the time I was sent till the last one in my ummah battles the

Dajjal (antichrist) .... “Dajjal (antichrist) .... “

((Hadith reported by Abu DawudHadith reported by Abu Dawud))


““When a person says to his (When a person says to his (MuslimMuslim) brother , ) brother ,

((Yaa KaafirYaa Kaafir) – ‘Hey Unbeliever!’, then the accusation ) – ‘Hey Unbeliever!’, then the accusation

for being an unbeliever will be upon either one of them”for being an unbeliever will be upon either one of them”

((Hadith reported by BukharyHadith reported by Bukhary))


Note:Note:

There are some who take the more cautious opinion, that to bow, There are some who take the more cautious opinion, that to bow,

prostrate, showing outward forms of respect, displaying reverence, prostrate, showing outward forms of respect, displaying reverence,

or kissing, wiping, etc. to be or kissing, wiping, etc. to be ‘acts’ ‘acts’ of of SHIRKSHIRK. This stand they . This stand they

preferred, so as ‘preferred, so as ‘to close all doors that may possibly lead to SHIRKto close all doors that may possibly lead to SHIRK.’.’

This ‘This ‘religious cautiousness religious cautiousness ’ is termed: ’ is termed: WARA ’ WARA ’

It does not therefore imply that they have conclusively judged It does not therefore imply that they have conclusively judged

those less cautious than them to have committed ‘acts’ of those less cautious than them to have committed ‘acts’ of SHIRKSHIRK. .

Without Without IJMA’IJMA’, they have to acknowledge that there may be other , they have to acknowledge that there may be other

differing views than theirs’ – thus is termed ‘differing views than theirs’ – thus is termed ‘KHILAFIYAHKHILAFIYAH’.’.


Note:Note:

In our learning about what constitute “In our learning about what constitute “SHIRK SHIRK ”, we are to learn the ”, we are to learn the

issue well first, so as to be able correct our own understanding – issue well first, so as to be able correct our own understanding –

our own our own AQEEDAHAQEEDAH (Belief). (Belief).

Do not be hasty to use it in judging others, as this involve ‘Do not be hasty to use it in judging others, as this involve ‘beliefsbeliefs ’ ’

or of peoples’ understanding which is in their hearts/mind - and or of peoples’ understanding which is in their hearts/mind - and

therefore avoid from engaging in arguments with other Muslims. therefore avoid from engaging in arguments with other Muslims.


Our Prophet Muhammad s.a.a.w. warns us:Our Prophet Muhammad s.a.a.w. warns us:

““Whoever seeks knowledge to argue with the Whoever seeks knowledge to argue with the

learned (scholars), or to brag with the foolish; or learned (scholars), or to brag with the foolish; or

with it to attract peoples’ attention to himself; with it to attract peoples’ attention to himself;

Allah will make him to enter the Hell-fire.”Allah will make him to enter the Hell-fire.”

((Hadith also reported by Tirmidzi and Ibn MajahHadith also reported by Tirmidzi and Ibn Majah))


Note:Note:

Personal cautiousness in religion (Personal cautiousness in religion (WARA’ WARA’ ), though encouraged, ), though encouraged,

is to be applied to ones’ personal self in striving for a higher is to be applied to ones’ personal self in striving for a higher

Islamic religiosity. Islamic religiosity.

But, as for enforcing Islamic rulings generally, or judging other But, as for enforcing Islamic rulings generally, or judging other

Muslims, basic minimum standard of religiosity applies. Muslims, basic minimum standard of religiosity applies.


Note:Note:

Ruling against Muslims for holding belief of “Ruling against Muslims for holding belief of “SHIRK SHIRK ” must be ” must be

based on clear proof and evidence.based on clear proof and evidence.

Though we respect some peoples’ cautiousness (Though we respect some peoples’ cautiousness (WARA ’ WARA ’ ) in ) in

matters of avoiding matters of avoiding SHIRKSHIRK, but we should not judge other , but we should not judge other

Muslims as guilty of Muslims as guilty of SHIRKSHIRK, based on this personal standard of , based on this personal standard of

cautiousness (cautiousness (WARA ’ WARA ’ ) only. ) only.


Note:Note:

Also, since “Also, since “SHIRK SHIRK ” is in a person’s belief (not merely outward ” is in a person’s belief (not merely outward

action), seeking clarifications is imperative.action), seeking clarifications is imperative.

Historically some such hasty judgement have caused the lives of Historically some such hasty judgement have caused the lives of

many fellow Muslims, who were deemed by them as ‘ many fellow Muslims, who were deemed by them as ‘ heretic heretic ’ ’

(judged to be guilty of (judged to be guilty of SHIRK SHIRK ) merely by their outward act or ) merely by their outward act or

practices.practices.


Note:Note:

Even if his action is deemed to be wrong, the fairest (when we Even if his action is deemed to be wrong, the fairest (when we

have not yet sought clarifications regarding his belief from that have not yet sought clarifications regarding his belief from that

particular Muslim) , is that he may perhaps be judged tentatively particular Muslim) , is that he may perhaps be judged tentatively

as guilty only for sin of ‘ignorance’.as guilty only for sin of ‘ignorance’.


““And pursue not that of which you have no knowledge; for And pursue not that of which you have no knowledge; for

every act of hearing, or of seeing or of feeling (in your heart-every act of hearing, or of seeing or of feeling (in your heart-

mind) will be enquired into (on the Day of Reckoning).”mind) will be enquired into (on the Day of Reckoning).”((Qur’an: Isra’: 17: 36Qur’an: Isra’: 17: 36))


Note:Note:

Even if his action is deemed to be wrong, the fairest (when we Even if his action is deemed to be wrong, the fairest (when we

have not yet sought clarifications regarding his belief from that have not yet sought clarifications regarding his belief from that

particular Muslim) , is that he may perhaps be judged tentatively particular Muslim) , is that he may perhaps be judged tentatively

as guilty only for sin of ‘ignorance’.as guilty only for sin of ‘ignorance’.

Note:Note:

Or, he may be guilty of ‘ Or, he may be guilty of ‘ IRTIDAD IRTIDAD ’ (apostasy) only - as by his act ’ (apostasy) only - as by his act

of imitating; perhaps in resembling others in their forms of of imitating; perhaps in resembling others in their forms of

worship; blasphemy or compromising his Islamic identity :worship; blasphemy or compromising his Islamic identity :

““Whosoever resembles (or imitates) a people, Whosoever resembles (or imitates) a people,

then he is from amongst them”then he is from amongst them”

((Hadith of the Prophet s.a.a.wHadith of the Prophet s.a.a.w.).)


Traditionally, it is divided into 2 major categories:

[1] SHIRK AL-’AZEEM (AKBAR)

“Greater shirk” – an obvious, clear-cut association; the belief in other

‘deities’ , or supernatural force, or beings etc. apart from Allah,

believed to be possessing divine powers, or regarded to be

independent of Allah.


Traditionally, it is divided into 2 major categories:

[2] SHIRK AL-ASHGHAR or KHAFIY

““Lesser (small) Shirk” Lesser (small) Shirk” or or “Hidden” “Hidden” – it pertains to what a Muslim’s – it pertains to what a Muslim’s

objective, focus or intended reason behind his/her acts of objective, focus or intended reason behind his/her acts of

devotional worship, sacrifice, vows, etc. – i.e. what may affect his devotional worship, sacrifice, vows, etc. – i.e. what may affect his

original intention formulated which, in original intention formulated which, in ‘IBAADAH‘IBAADAH, it must be , it must be

‘sincerely done for Allah’s sake alone.’ (‘sincerely done for Allah’s sake alone.’ (IKHLASwIKHLASw). ).

Example, specifically: ‘Doing or not doing Example, specifically: ‘Doing or not doing ‘IBADAH‘IBADAH only to be seen by only to be seen by

people – i.e. showing off, or ostentation -(people – i.e. showing off, or ostentation -(RIYA’ RIYA’ ))


““Verily, what I fear most that may afflict all of you is Verily, what I fear most that may afflict all of you is

the small the small SHIRKSHIRK – which is - – which is - AR-RIYA’ AR-RIYA’

(showing off or ostentation in ‘ibaadah)”(showing off or ostentation in ‘ibaadah)”

((Hadith reported by AhmadHadith reported by Ahmad))


““The The SHIRKSHIRK within my ummah is more hidden (subtle) than within my ummah is more hidden (subtle) than

a black ant crawling on a black rock, a black ant crawling on a black rock,

in the darkness of the night”in the darkness of the night”

((Hadith reported by Ahmad, Tabarani & Abu Ya’laHadith reported by Ahmad, Tabarani & Abu Ya’la))


TO BE CONTINUED – INSHA-ALLAHTO BE CONTINUED – INSHA-ALLAH

DU’A TAUGHT BY OUR PROPHET MUHAMMAD DU’A TAUGHT BY OUR PROPHET MUHAMMAD

ALLAA-HUM-MA - IN-NEE – A –’UU-DZU-BIKA - MIN AN - USH-RI-KA – BI-KA – SHAY-AN – WA –ANA –

A’-LAMU, WA –AS-TAGH-FIRU-KA – MI-NADZ—DZAM - BIL– LADZII - LAA – A’-LAM

“O Allah! I seek refuge with You from committing SHIRK i.e. associating

others with You, knowingly, and I seek Your forgiveness from the

committing of the sins which I do not know.”

(Hadith reported by Ahmad, Tabarani & Abu Ya’la)


[Slideshare] lesson#7(a)tauhid course-12-may-2012.pptx

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Transcript of [Slideshare] lesson#7(a)tauhid course-12-may-2012.pptx