Slides from Class on Thursday, 11/1 (Topic 4)
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Transcript of Slides from Class on Thursday, 11/1 (Topic 4)
TOPIC 4: CHILDRENIN RELATIONSHIPS
Examining how our understanding of children influences the ways we interact
and relate to them
Bill Cosby on “The Grown-Ups.”
Bill Cosby on “The Grown-Ups.”
Expanding Perspectives onADULT-CHILD
RELATIONSHIPS
(A RECAP FROM LAST TIME)
What do EXPERTS say?What do ADULTS do?
What do CHILDREN need?
What do CHILDREN need?What do ADULTS do?What do EXPERTS say?
What are some of the dominant cultural repertoires within our
culture of parenting?
BIASES IN ADULT / CHILD INTERACTIONS
Become a dominant set of cultural repertoires
Exist in schools, health care, counseling, media, culture in general...
(Lareau, 2003)
(What biases or cultural pressures do you recognize in the following film trailers?)
TRAILERS FOR...
Friends with Kids
The Odd Life of Timothy Green
We Need to Talk about Kevin
CURRENT BIASES (in mainstream American culture):
Talking with children
Developing educational interests
Taking an active role in schooling
Reasoning
Problem-solving through negotiation
Moving Toward...BETTER UNDERSTANDING
Adult-Child Interactions
4 STYLESAuthoritarian
Authoritative
Permissive
Uninvolved
3 PHILOSOPHIESTraditionalist
Maximizing Options
Present-Oriented
Warm Cool Strong
Boundaries Authoritative Authoritarian
Loose Boundaries Permissive Uninvolved
PARENTING STYLES:
AUTHORITARIANInteractions Have Clear
Boundaries
Relationship Lacks Warmth
Adult Controls Child through Fear !e.g., punishment"
PERMISSIVEInteractions Lack Boundaries
Relationship Involves Warmth
Adult does not typically attempt to control child
AUTHORITATIVEInteractions Have Clear
Boundaries
Relationship Involves Warmth
Adult Controls Child through Status !e.g., authority"
UNINVOLVEDInteractions Lack Boundaries
Relationship Lacks Warmth
Adult typically neglects child
We can also examine...PHILOSOPHIES /ORIENTATIONS
OF PARENTING
PARENTING PHILOSOPHIESTraditionalist – Emphasizes Recreating
Family History and Culture in Adults
Maximizing Options — Emphasizes Utilizing Resources to Improve Child’s
Chances as an Adult
Present-Oriented — Emphasizes Meeting Children’s Immediate Needs
Some ways how...SOCIO-ECONOMIC CLASS
CAN INFLUENCE AND DISTINGUISH PARENTING PHILOSOPHIES
(From Annette Lareau’s“Unequal Childhoods”, 2003)
CLASS BACKGROUNDS & PARENTINGMiddle/Upper-Middle Class Parents
Maximize Options
Foster Discussion
Promote Relative Equality
Control Children’s Time
CLASS BACKGROUNDS & PARENTINGWorking/Lower Class Parents
Support Traditions
Use Directives
Foster Clear Boundaries
Control Children’s Actions
What does parenting ACTUALLY involve, though?
PARENTING: “An Ethic of Care”
A parent’s work involves balancing growth while socializing children
(Sara Ruddick"
Based on this “Ethic of Care,” can we find...NEW APPROACHES
TO RELATING WITH CHILDREN?
DEMOCRATIC / INFLUENTIALPresent-Oriented
Interactions Based on Mutual Respect and Negotiation
Relationships Involve Warmth
Adult Influences Child through Empathy and Communication
IN-CLASS ACTIVITY:
ANALYZING ADULT-CHILD RELATIONSHIPS
ANALYSIS QUESTIONS:1) What does [a person] know about children in
general, and in a specific situation? 2) What do they believe about children, etc.?
3) How does this knowledge belief system affect their actions/interactions with children?
(Examples with scenes fromLITTLE MISS SUNSHINE)
“Having Dinner”“Breakfast On the Road”
Grounding What We Do InCHILDREN’S NEEDS
Infants Need:1) Environmental variety
2) Predictability
3) Caretaking by adults
4) Opportunities to practice motor skills(Jerome Kagan, 1984)
Preschoolers Need (in addition):5) Opportunities to master body and
object problems
6) Receive actions, gestures, and communications that affirm worth
(Jerome Kagan, 1984)
What Should New Models of Parenting Look Like?What Should They Include?
Protection/Safety
Support/Growth
Socialization/Compliance
Communication/Empowerment
Safety & Standards
Children’sAutonomy
<->
Guiding Children
Children’s Creativity
<->
Social Accountability
Accountability to Children
<->
Preparing Children
Predicting the Future?
<->
WHY DOES ALL OF THIS MATTER?
One Example...
Children’s Creativity
(SEE ALSO: Ken Robinson on “Approaching an Unknown Future.“)
GRIT & RESILIENCE(See: Paul Tough’s work)
TRUST(e.g. The Marshmallow Study)
A Relevant Question...
IS “OBEDIENCE”THE GOAL?
“Disobedience is not an issue if obedience is not the goal.”
– Doran Quinian
Further Examples:RE-IMAGININGPLAYGROUNDS
Further Examples:RE-IMAGINING
EDUCATION
“We like to say that the child is competent but it is not enough just to declare this. If we
really want the child to be competent, we have to change time, space, roles and rules to
permit this competent child to exist.”— Carlina Rinaldi
Time, space, roles and rules
THINK ABOUT IT...What Would Your Own
Parenting Book, or Recipe for an Ideal Childhood, Look Like?
ALTERNATELY...What Would Your Ideal School, or
Mode of Education (Formal or Informal), Look Like for a Child?
HOMEWORK:* Your Own Parenting Book/Recipe for Childhood
* Relationship Map* Finish Reading Sternheimer – Readings from Part 4
(pp. 181-197, 237-246, 266-280)