Slides for spirituality and health meeting (alex & kentya)

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Chronic/Disabling Diseases and Their Risk Factors Among Minority and Underserved Populations - Alex and Kentya

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Transcript of Slides for spirituality and health meeting (alex & kentya)

Page 1: Slides for spirituality and health meeting (alex & kentya)

Chronic/Disabling Diseases and Their Risk Factors Among Minority and Underserved Populations

- Alex and Kentya

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Leading Chronic/Disabling Diseases in the U.S.

Heart Disease / Stroke

Cancer

Diabetes

Arthritis

Hiv/Aids

Mental health(Depression/Psychological Distress)

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Chronic Disease Overview * Chronic diseases are illnesses that are

prolonged in duration and are rarely cured completely.

Account for 7 out of every 10 deaths annually 50% of Americans live with at least one

chronic diseaseChronic diseases are PreventableChronic Diseases are a result of what people

do or do not do

* The Center for Disease Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (June 1, 2009)

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Health Behaviors among underserved Minorities that Increase Risk of Disease

Tobacco Use

Illicit Drug Use and Abuse

Unhealthy Sex

Obesity(lack of physical activity/poor diet)

STRESS / DISTRESS

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Places of worship and health promotion

• May be particularly relevant settings to reach people, particularly minorities– Pew Research center found that AAs are the

most religiously committed racial/ethnic group in the country

• 58% attending religious services at least one as week

• 76% praying at least daily

– Useful resources for health promotion– Advocate for positive health (e.g., avoidance

of substance use)• Recent meta-analysis indicated that smoking

cessation interventions may be relevant in church setting

Campbell et al., 2007; Webb, 2008 Campbell et al., 2007; Webb, 2008

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Tobacco Use Morbidity/Mortality 87% of all lung cancers 30% of all deaths from cancer Contributes to diabetes, heart disease

stroke, birth defects and other diseases Annually, tobacco kills more people than

alcohol, heroin, cocaine, suicide, auto accidents, fire and AIDS combined

Secondhand smoke kills 49,000 nonsmoking Americans from heart disease and lung cancer

Nicotine is as addictive as heroin and cocaineNicotine is as addictive as heroin and cocaine

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Impact of Smoking on Lungs

Lung severely damaged

from smoking

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Definition of Stress

Psychophysiological process, usually a negative emotional state that is both the product of appraisal of situational and psychological factors and an impetus for coping.

- Alejandro

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Academic examsCaregivingBereavement and divorceJob lossDisastersLaboratory stressorsMedical

StressorsStressors

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StressStress

IndirectIndirectBehaviorally-MediatedBehaviorally-Mediated

EffectsEffects increased drug useincreased drug use

decreased nutritiondecreased nutrition

decreased sleepdecreased sleep

Indirect Health Indirect Health Behavior EffectsBehavior Effects

dedecreased compliancecreased compliance

delay in seeking caredelay in seeking care

obscured symptom obscured symptom profileprofile

Direct Physiological Direct Physiological EffectsEffects

elevated HR and BPelevated HR and BP

Immune dysregulationImmune dysregulation increased hormonal increased hormonal

activityactivity increased platelet increased platelet

activityactivity

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Mind-body Programs

Reduce distressReduce distressReduce sympathetic arousalReduce sympathetic arousalReduce pain and discomfortReduce pain and discomfortBuffer immune suppressionBuffer immune suppression

Improve quality of lifeImprove quality of lifeEnhance survivalEnhance survival

Reduce health care costsReduce health care costs

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RELIGION, RELIGION, SPIRITUALITY AND SPIRITUALITY AND

HEALTHHEALTH

AlexAlex

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Spirituality, religion and health: evidence and research

A 2001 publication identified over 1200 studies that examined the relationship between religious belief and some indicator of health. Most studies found a positive association between religion and physical and mental health *

Studies of adolescent behavior have found that higher levels of religious involvement are inversely related to alcohol and drug use, smoking, sexual activity, depressive symptoms and suicide risk **

*Koenig HG, McCullough ME, Larson DB. Handbook of religion and health. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.

** Rew L, Wong YJ. A systematic review of associations among religiosity/ spirituality and adolescent health attitudes and behaviors. J Adolesc Health 2006

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Social Support and Smoking Abstinence Particular types of counseling strategies are especially

effective. Practical counseling and the provision of intra-treatment social support are accociated with significant increases in abstinence rates - Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence, Clinical Practice Guidelines, 2008

Recent Study(NEJM): thousands of smokers and nonsmokers followed for 32 years, 1971-2003, as part of a large network of relatives, co-workers, and friends - “The Collective Dynamics of Smoking in a Large Social Network, Nicholas A. Christakis and James H. Fowler, N Engl J Med 2008”

Results: smoking cessation programs work best if they focus on groups rather than individuals. Quitting can have a ripple effect prompting an entire social network to break the habit.

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Primary Aims of Our Study Specific Aim 1: To develop and implement a health

education curriculum addressing tobacco use and other health risks in collaboration with members of religiously diverse congregations

- to establish effective partnerships with underserved religiously diverse congregations in Houston area and

- to enhance our science-based health behavior programs with religious teachings and mind-body spiritual practices.

- develop a training curricula addressing these multiple health behaviors

- M. D. Anderson’s Tobacco Outreach Education Program (TOEP) for healthcare providers will provide a model for the new training program.

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Primary Aims of Our Study(cont’d) Specific Aim 2: To evaluate the feasibility of the

training program and its impact on recipients of the training

- increase the ability, confidence and intention to address tobacco use and other health risks among trainees

- have a positive impact on knowledge, attitudes and beliefs regarding health risks among members of the congregation

Specific Aim 3: To establish a dialogue across faiths with regard to religion, spirituality and health

Salma

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The Religious and Spiritual Dimension

The study will be designed to explore the role of religion and spirituality in health behavior change

Our behavioral theory-guided intervention will be combined with relevant religious/spiritual messages and counseling.

The training will incorporate the spiritual dimension of health including religious and spiritually based teachings and counseling practices with regard to health, the healing power of prayer, spiritual transformation through mind-body contemplative practices and social support networking within congregations.

The spiritually based teachings, prayers and the mind-body component of the intervention will be in accordance with and with the appropriate language of each religion. Relapse prevention will be specifically addressed

Alejandro

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Sources of Funding

NCMHD Innovative Faith-Based Approaches to Health Disparities Research (R21)

City of Houston Department of Health and Human Services

U. S. Dept of Health and Human Services: New Funding Opportunities (Announced 2011)

- Community and State Prevention Programs - Tobacco and other risk Prevention ProgramsSara

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BENEFITSGround Breaking (Never Been Done Before)Advancement of Communities by

promoting health care prevention/intervention

Ownership of the Spirituality/Health Intervention Model

Opportunity for Interfaith Dialogue and advancing the peace effort

Sara

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FAQ

What kind of a time commitment does this require from our congregation?

Can you provide a brief timeline of how this project will be executed?

Who will develop the intervention?How many participants are required

from our congregation? Are there financial incentives involved?